Wyoming Rule
Updated: 12/16/2025, 8:58:47 PM Wikipedia source
The Wyoming Rule is a proposal to increase the size of the United States House of Representatives so that the standard representative-to-population ratio would be that of the state with the least population, which is currently Wyoming. Under Article One of the United States Constitution, each state is guaranteed at least one representative. If the disparity between the population of the most and least populous states continues to grow, the disproportionality of the U.S. House of Representatives will continue to increase unless the body, whose size has been fixed at 435 since 1929 (except for a brief period from 1959 to 1963), is expanded. A total of 543 seats would have been required to implement the Wyoming Rule based on the 2010 United States census results. However, the decade leading up to the 2020 United States census saw Wyoming's population increase at a lower rate than that of the rest of the United States; as a result, the required House size to implement the Wyoming Rule will increase to 574. Under the Wyoming Rule, California would gain the most seats with seventeen more members than it will have after the next reapportionment.
Tables
| State | Seats apportioned | Pop. per seat | Seat change | Percentage gain | Electoral votes (excluding D.C.) | Notes | |
| Actual (2023) | Wyoming Rule | ||||||
| Alabama | 7 | 9 | 558,895 | +2 | 29% | 11 | |
| Alaska | 1 | 1 | 736,081 | 0 | 0% | 3 | |
| Arizona | 9 | 12 | 596,577 | +3 | 33% | 14 | |
| Arkansas | 4 | 5 | 602,751 | +1 | 25% | 7 | |
| California | 52 | 69 | 573,576 | +17 | 33% | 71 | Largest gain in seats. |
| Colorado | 8 | 10 | 578,217 | +2 | 25% | 12 | |
| Connecticut | 5 | 6 | 601,383 | +1 | 20% | 8 | |
| Delaware | 1 | 2 | 495,419 | +1 | 100% | 4 | Tied for largest proportionate increase. |
| Florida | 28 | 37 | 582,987 | +9 | 32% | 39 | |
| Georgia | 14 | 19 | 564,488 | +5 | 36% | 21 | |
| Hawaii | 2 | 3 | 486,712 | +1 | 50% | 5 | |
| Idaho | 2 | 3 | 613,792 | +1 | 50% | 5 | |
| Illinois | 17 | 22 | 582,852 | +5 | 29% | 24 | |
| Indiana | 9 | 12 | 565,857 | +3 | 33% | 14 | |
| Iowa | 4 | 6 | 532,068 | +2 | 50% | 8 | |
| Kansas | 4 | 5 | 588,173 | +1 | 25% | 7 | |
| Kentucky | 6 | 8 | 563,668 | +2 | 33% | 10 | |
| Louisiana | 6 | 8 | 582,684 | +2 | 33% | 10 | |
| Maine | 2 | 2 | 681,791 | 0 | 0% | 4 | |
| Maryland | 8 | 11 | 562,298 | +3 | 38% | 13 | |
| Massachusetts | 9 | 12 | 586,122 | +3 | 33% | 14 | |
| Michigan | 13 | 18 | 560,247 | +5 | 39% | 20 | |
| Minnesota | 8 | 10 | 570,975 | +2 | 25% | 12 | |
| Mississippi | 4 | 5 | 592,783 | +1 | 25% | 7 | |
| Missouri | 8 | 11 | 560,026 | +3 | 38% | 13 | |
| Montana | 2 | 2 | 542,704 | 0 | 0% | 4 | |
| Nebraska | 3 | 3 | 654,444 | 0 | 0% | 5 | Largest state to not gain an extra seat. |
| Nevada | 4 | 5 | 621,692 | +1 | 25% | 7 | |
| New Hampshire | 2 | 2 | 689,545 | 0 | 0% | 4 | |
| New Jersey | 12 | 16 | 580,906 | +4 | 33% | 18 | |
| New Mexico | 3 | 4 | 530,055 | +1 | 33% | 6 | |
| New York | 26 | 35 | 577,593 | +9 | 35% | 37 | |
| North Carolina | 14 | 18 | 580,775 | +4 | 29% | 20 | |
| North Dakota | 1 | 1 | 779,702 | 0 | 0% | 3 | Highest population per seat. |
| Ohio | 15 | 20 | 590,442 | +5 | 40% | 22 | |
| Oklahoma | 5 | 7 | 566,217 | +2 | 40% | 9 | |
| Oregon | 6 | 7 | 605,929 | +1 | 17% | 9 | |
| Pennsylvania | 17 | 23 | 565,732 | +6 | 35% | 25 | |
| Rhode Island | 2 | 2 | 549,082 | 0 | 0% | 4 | |
| South Carolina | 7 | 9 | 569,412 | +2 | 29% | 11 | |
| South Dakota | 1 | 2 | 443,885 | +1 | 100% | 4 | Lowest population per seat. Smallest state to gain a seat. Tied for largest proportionate increase. |
| Tennessee | 9 | 12 | 576,408 | +3 | 33% | 14 | |
| Texas | 38 | 51 | 572,221 | +13 | 34% | 53 | |
| Utah | 4 | 6 | 545,875 | +2 | 50% | 8 | |
| Vermont | 1 | 1 | 643,503 | 0 | 0% | 3 | |
| Virginia | 11 | 15 | 576,970 | +4 | 36% | 17 | |
| Washington | 10 | 13 | 593,534 | +3 | 30% | 15 | |
| West Virginia | 2 | 3 | 598,348 | +1 | 50% | 5 | |
| Census, Year | Size | AL | AK | AZ | AR | CA | CO | CT | DE | FL | GA | HI | ID | IL | IN | IA | KS | KY | LA | ME | MD | MA | MI | MN | MS | MO | MT | NE | NV | NH | NJ | NM | NY | NC | ND | OH | OK | OR | PA | RI | SC | SD | TN | TX | UT | VT | VA | WA | WV | WI | WY | ||||
| 15th, 1930 | 1,418 | 31 | – | 5 | 22 | 66 | 12 | 19 | 3 | 17 | 34 | – | 5 | 88 | 38 | 29 | 22 | 30 | 24 | 9 | 19 | 49 | 56 | 30 | 23 | 42 | 6 | 16 | 1 | 5 | 47 | 5 | 146 | 37 | 8 | 77 | 28 | 11 | 112 | 8 | 20 | 8 | 30 | 67 | 6 | 4 | 28 | 18 | 20 | 34 | 3 | ||||
| 16th, 1940 | 1,191 | 26 | – | 5 | 18 | 63 | 10 | 16 | 2 | 17 | 28 | – | 5 | 72 | 31 | 23 | 16 | 26 | 21 | 8 | 17 | 39 | 48 | 25 | 20 | 34 | 5 | 12 | 1 | 5 | 38 | 5 | 122 | 32 | 6 | 63 | 21 | 10 | 90 | 7 | 17 | 6 | 27 | 58 | 5 | 3 | 24 | 16 | 17 | 29 | 2 | ||||
| 17th, 1950 | 940 | 19 | – | 5 | 12 | 66 | 8 | 13 | 2 | 17 | 22 | – | 4 | 54 | 25 | 16 | 12 | 18 | 17 | 6 | 15 | 29 | 40 | 19 | 14 | 25 | 4 | 8 | 1 | 3 | 30 | 4 | 93 | 25 | 4 | 50 | 14 | 10 | 66 | 5 | 13 | 4 | 21 | 48 | 4 | 2 | 21 | 15 | 13 | 22 | 2 | ||||
| 18th, 1960 | 793 | 14 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 70 | 8 | 11 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 3 | 3 | 45 | 21 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 4 | 14 | 23 | 35 | 15 | 10 | 19 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 27 | 4 | 74 | 20 | 3 | 43 | 10 | 8 | 50 | 4 | 11 | 3 | 16 | 42 | 4 | 2 | 18 | 13 | 8 | 18 | 2 | ||||
| 19th, 1970 | 672 | 11 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 66 | 7 | 10 | 2 | 23 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 37 | 17 | 9 | 8 | 11 | 12 | 3 | 13 | 19 | 29 | 13 | 7 | 16 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 24 | 3 | 60 | 17 | 2 | 35 | 9 | 7 | 39 | 3 | 9 | 2 | 13 | 37 | 4 | 2 | 15 | 11 | 6 | 15 | 1 | ||||
| 20th, 1980 | 567 | 10 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 59 | 7 | 8 | 2 | 24 | 14 | 2 | 2 | 29 | 14 | 7 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 3 | 11 | 14 | 23 | 10 | 6 | 12 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 3 | 44 | 15 | 2 | 27 | 8 | 7 | 30 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 36 | 4 | 1 | 13 | 10 | 5 | 12 | 1 | ||||
| 21st, 1990 | 549 | 9 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 65 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 29 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 25 | 12 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 3 | 11 | 13 | 21 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 17 | 3 | 40 | 15 | 1 | 24 | 7 | 6 | 26 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 37 | 4 | 1 | 14 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 1 | ||||
| 22nd, 2000 | 571 | 9 | 1 | 10 | 5 | 69 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 32 | 17 | 3 | 3 | 25 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 3 | 11 | 13 | 20 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 17 | 4 | 38 | 16 | 1 | 23 | 7 | 7 | 25 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 42 | 5 | 1 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 11 | 1 | ||||
| 23rd, 2010 | 543 | 9 | 1 | 11 | 5 | 66 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 33 | 17 | 2 | 3 | 23 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 10 | 12 | 17 | 9 | 5 | 11 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 16 | 4 | 34 | 17 | 1 | 20 | 7 | 7 | 22 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 11 | 45 | 5 | 1 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 10 | 1 | ||||
| 24th, 2020 | 574 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 5 | 69 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 37 | 19 | 3 | 3 | 22 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 12 | 18 | 10 | 5 | 11 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 16 | 4 | 35 | 18 | 1 | 20 | 7 | 7 | 23 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 12 | 51 | 6 | 1 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 10 | 1 | ||||
| Census, Year | Size | AL | AK | AZ | AR | CA | CO | CT | DE | FL | GA | HI | ID | IL | IN | IA | KS | KY | LA | ME | MD | MA | MI | MN | MS | MO | MT | NE | NV | NH | NJ | NM | NY | NC | ND | OH | OK | OR | PA | RI | SC | SD | TN | TX | UT | VT | VA | WA | WV | WI | WY |
References
- Outside the Beltwayhttp://www.outsidethebeltway.com/representation-in-the-house-the-wyoming-rule/
- Fruits and Voteshttps://fruitsandvotes.wordpress.com/2014/01/07/economix-expand-the-us-house/
- "Increase the size of the House via the 'Wyoming Rule'"https://fruitsandvotes.wordpress.com/2005/12/01/increase-the-size-of-the-house-via-the-wyoming-rule/
- The Electoral College: Size Really Does Matterhttps://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses/1485/