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Wichita is a Caddoan language spoken in Anadarko, Oklahoma, by the Wichita and Affiliated Tribes. The last fluent heritage speaker, Doris Lamar-McLemore, died in 2016, although in 2007 there were three first-language speakers alive. This has rendered Wichita functionally extinct; however, the tribe offers classes to revitalize the language and works in partnership with the Wichita Documentation Project of the University of Colorado, Boulder.
| Alveolar | Dorsal | Glottal | ||
| plain | labial. | |||
| Plosive | t | k | kʷ | ʔ |
| Affricate | t͡s | |||
| Fricative | s | h | ||
| Sonorant | ɾ ~ n | |||
| Semivowel | j | w | ||
| Original word ending | Change | Result | Wichita example |
| [Vːʔ#] | No change | [Vːʔ#] | |
| [VːVʔ#] | -[V] | [Vːʔ#] | [hijaːʔ] (snow) |
| [CVʔ#] | -[V] | [Cʔ#] | [kiːsʔ] (bone) |
| Front | Back | |
| High | ɪ ~ i ~ e | |
| Mid | ɛ ~ æ | (o/u) |
| Low | ɒ ~ a |
| Short | Long | Overlong | |
| High | ɪ | ɪˑ | ɪː |
| Mid | ɛ | ɛˑ | ɛː |
| Low | a | aˑ | aː |
| Prefixes | |
| aorist | a ... ki-[clarification needed] |
| aorist quotative | aːʔa ... ki-[clarification needed] |
| future | keʔe- |
| future quotative | eheː- |
| perfect | aɾa- |
| perfect quotative | aːɾa- |
| indicative | ta/ti- |
| exclamatory | iskiri- |
| durative | a/i- |
| imperative | hi/i- |
| future imperative | kiʔi- |
| optative | kaʔa- |
| debetative | kaɾa- |
| Suffixes | |
| perfective | Ø |
| imperfective | -s |
| intentive | -staɾis |
| habitual | -ːss |
| too late | -iːhiːʔ |
| durative; directive | a / i |
| aorist (general past tense) | a...ki |
| perfect; recent past | ara |
| future quotative | eheː |
| subjunctive | ha...ki |
| exclamatory; immediate present | iskiri |
| ought | kara |
| optative | kaʔa |
| future | keʔe |
| future imperative | kiʔi |
| participle | na |
| interrogative indicative | ra |
| indicative | ta |
| negative indicative | ʔa |
| perfective | Ø |
| imperfective | s |
| intentive | staris |
| generic | ːss |
| á:kaʔarásis | quotative aorist imperfective | I heard she was cooking it |
| kiyakaʔarásis | quotative aorist imperfective | I heard she was cooking it |
| á:kaʔarásiki | quotative aorist perfective | I heard she was cooking it |
| á:kaʔarásistaris | quotative aorist intentive | I heard she was planning on cooking it |
| kiyakaʔarásistaris | quotative aorist intentive | I heard she was planning on cooking it |
| á:kaʔarásiki:ss | quotative aorist generic | I heard she always cooked it |
| kiyakaʔarásiki:ss | quotative aorist generic | I heard she always cooked it |
| ákaʔárasis | aorist imperfective | I know myself she was cooking it |
| ákaʔárasiki | aorist perfective | I know myself she cooked it |
| ákaʔarásistaris | aorist intentive | I know myself she was going to cook it |
| ákaʔaraásiki:ss | aorist generic | I know myself she always cooked it |
| keʔárasiki | future perfective | She will cook it |
| keʔárasis | future imperfective | She will be cooking it |
| keʔárasiki:ss | future generic | She will always cook it |
| ehéʔárasiki | quotative future perfective | I heard she will cook it |
| ehéʔárasis | quotative future imperfective | I heard she will be cooking it |
| eheʔárasiki:ss | quotative future generic | I heard she will always be the one to cook it |
| taʔarásis | indicative imperfective | She is cooking it; She cooked it |
| taʔarásistaris | indicative intentive | She's planning to cook it |
| taʔarásiki::s | indicative generic | She always cooks it |
| ískirá:rásis | exclamatory | There she goes, cooking it! |
| aʔarásis | directive imperfective | Then you cook it |
| haʔarásiki | imperative imperfective | Let her cook it |
| ki:ʔárasiki | future imperative perfective | Let her cook it later |
| ki:ʔárasiki:ss | future imperative generic | You must always let her cook it |
| á:raʔarásiki | quotative perfect perfective | I heard she cooked it |
| á:raʔarásistaris | quotative perfect intentive | I heard she was going to cook it |
| áraʔárasiki | perfect perfective | I know she cooked it |
| keʔeʔárasis | optative imperfective | I wish she'd be cooking it |
| keʔeʔárasiki | optative perfective | I wish she'd cook it |
| keʔeʔárasistaris | optative intentive | I wish she would plan to cook it |
| keʔeʔárasiki:ss | optative generic | I wish she'd always cook it |
| keʔeʔárasiki:hi:ʔ | optative too late | I wish she had cooked it |
| karaʔárasis | ought imperfective | She ought to be cooking it |
| karaʔarásiki:ss | ought generic | She should always cook it |
| karaʔárasiski:hiʔ | ought too late | She ought to have cooked it |
| assé:hah | all |
| ta:wʔic | few |
| tiʔih | this |
| ha:rí:h | that |
| hi:hánthirih | tomorrow |
| tiʔikhánthirisʔih | yesterday |
| chih á:kiʔí:rakhárisʔí:h | suddenly |
| ti:ʔ | at once |
| wah | already |
| chah | still |
| chih | continues |
| tiʔrih | here |
| harah | there |
| hí:raka:h | way off |
| hita | edge |
| kata | on the side |
| (i)wac | outside |
| ha | in water |
| ka | in a topless enclosure |
| ka: | in a completely enclosed space |
| kataska | in an open area |
| ʔir | in a direction |
| kataskeʔer | through the yard |
| kataskeʔero:c | out the other way from the yard |
| Subjective | Objective | |
| 1st person | -t- | -ki- |
| 2nd person | -s- | -a:- |
| 3rd person | -i- | Ø |
| inclusive | -ciy- | -ca:ki- |
| Word | Singular | Plural |
| cook | ʔarasi | wa:rasʔi:rʔ |
| eat | kaʔac | ʔa |
| kill | ki | ʔessa |