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West Bank

Updated: Wikipedia source

West Bank

The West Bank is on the western bank of the Jordan River and is the larger of the two Palestinian territories (the other being the Gaza Strip) that make up the State of Palestine. A landlocked territory near the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in West Asia's Levant region, it is bordered by Jordan and the Dead Sea to the east and by Israel (via the Green Line) to the south, west, and north. Since 1967, the territory has been under Israeli occupation, which has been regarded as illegal under the law of the international community. The territory first emerged in the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War as a region occupied and subsequently annexed by Jordan. Jordan ruled the territory until the 1967 Six-Day War, when it was occupied by Israel. Since then, Israel has administered the West Bank (except for East Jerusalem, which was effectively annexed in 1980) as the Judea and Samaria Area. Jordan continued to claim the territory as its own until 1988. The mid-1990s Oslo Accords split the West Bank into three regional levels of Palestinian sovereignty, via the Palestinian National Authority (PNA): Area A (PNA), Area B (PNA and Israel), and Area C (Israel, comprising 60% of the West Bank). The PNA exercises total or partial civil administration over 165 Palestinian enclaves across the three areas. The West Bank remains central to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The Palestinians consider it the heart of their envisioned state, along with the Gaza Strip. Right-wing and ideological Israelis see it as their ancestral homeland, with numerous biblical sites. There is a push among some Israelis for partial or complete annexation of this land. Additionally, it is home to a rising number of Israeli settlers. Area C contains 230 Israeli settlements where Israeli law is applied. Under the Oslo Accords this area was to be mostly transferred to the PNA by 1997, but that did not occur. The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank to be illegal under international law. Citing the 1980 law in which Israel claimed Jerusalem as its capital, the 1994 Israel–Jordan peace treaty, and the Oslo Accords, a 2004 advisory ruling by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) concluded that the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, remains Israeli-occupied territory. In 2024 the ICJ again ruled that Israel's occupation of the West Bank is unlawful, adding that its conduct also violates the international prohibition on racial segregation and apartheid. The West Bank has a land area of about 5,640 square kilometres (2,180 square miles). It has an estimated population of 2,747,943 Palestinians and over 670,000 Israeli settlers, of which approximately 220,000 live in East Jerusalem.

Infobox

Status
Claimed by Palestine[a] Partially administered by the Palestinian National Authority in Areas A and B Under Israeli occupation, which is illegal under international law
Common languages
Arabic, Hebrew
Religion
Islam, Judaism, Christianity, Samaritanism
Demonyms
West BankerCisjordanianPalestinian
• Total
5,655 km2 (2,183 sq mi)
• 2021 estimate
2,949,246[b]
• Density
522/km2 (1,352.0/sq mi)
Currency
Israeli shekel (ILS)Jordanian dinar (JOD)
Time zone
UTC 2 (Palestine Standard Time)
• Summer (DST)
UTC 3 (Palestine Summer Time)
Calling code
970, 972
ISO 3166 code
PS

Tables

Overview of administration and sovereignty in Israel, the Palestinian territories and the Golan HeightsThis box: viewtalkedit · Government and politics › Political administration
West Bank
West Bank
Area → Gaza Strip
West Bank
Area → Gaza Strip
Palestinian enclaves (Areas A and B)
Administered by → Palestinian National Authority (de jure) Controlled by Hamas (de facto)
Palestinian National Authority and Israeli military
Area C
Area C
Area → Gaza Strip
Area C
Area → Gaza Strip
Israeli enclave law (Israeli settlements) and Israeli military (Palestinians under Israeli occupation)
East Jerusalem
East Jerusalem
Area → Gaza Strip
East Jerusalem
Area → Gaza Strip
Israeli administration
Administered by → Palestinian National Authority (de jure) Controlled by Hamas (de facto)
Honduras, Guatemala, Nauru, and the United States
Recognition of governing authority → Witnesses to the Oslo II Accord
China, Russia
West Jerusalem
West Jerusalem
Area → Gaza Strip
West Jerusalem
Area → Gaza Strip
Russia, Czech Republic, Honduras, Guatemala, Nauru, and the United States
Administered by → Palestinian National Authority (de jure) Controlled by Hamas (de facto)
United Nations as an international city along with East Jerusalem
Recognition of governing authority → Witnesses to the Oslo II Accord
Various UN member states and the European Union; joint sovereignty also widely supported
Golan Heights
Golan Heights
Area → Gaza Strip
Golan Heights
Area → Gaza Strip
United States
Administered by → Palestinian National Authority (de jure) Controlled by Hamas (de facto)
Syria
Recognition of governing authority → Witnesses to the Oslo II Accord
All UN member states except the United States
Israel (Green Line border)
Israel (Green Line border)
Area → Gaza Strip
Israel (Green Line border)
Area → Gaza Strip
165 UN member states
Administered by → Palestinian National Authority (de jure) Controlled by Hamas (de facto)
Israel
Recognition of governing authority → Witnesses to the Oslo II Accord
165 UN member states
Area
Administered by
Recognition of governing authority
Sovereignty claimed by
Recognition of claim
Gaza Strip
Palestinian National Authority (de jure) Controlled by Hamas (de facto)
Witnesses to the Oslo II Accord
Palestine
157 UN member states
West Bank
Palestinian enclaves (Areas A and B)
Palestinian National Authority and Israeli military
Area C
Israeli enclave law (Israeli settlements) and Israeli military (Palestinians under Israeli occupation)
East Jerusalem
Israeli administration
Honduras, Guatemala, Nauru, and the United States
China, Russia
West Jerusalem
Russia, Czech Republic, Honduras, Guatemala, Nauru, and the United States
United Nations as an international city along with East Jerusalem
Various UN member states and the European Union; joint sovereignty also widely supported
Golan Heights
United States
Syria
All UN member states except the United States
Israel (Green Line border)
165 UN member states
Israel
165 UN member states
· Government and politics › Political administration › Palestinian enclaves
A
A
Area
A
Security
Palestinian
Civil Admin
Palestinian
% of WBland
18%
% of WBPalestinians
55%
B
B
Area
B
Security
Israeli
Civil Admin
Palestinian
% of WBland
21%
% of WBPalestinians
41%
C
C
Area
C
Security
Israeli
Civil Admin
Israeli
% of WBland
61%
% of WBPalestinians
4%
Area
Security
Civil Admin
% of WBland
% of WBPalestinians
A
Palestinian
Palestinian
18%
55%
B
Israeli
Palestinian
21%
41%
C
Israeli
Israeli
61%
4%
· Government and politics › Political administration › West Bank barrier › Palestinian governorates
Jenin Governorate
Jenin Governorate
Governorate
Jenin Governorate
Population
311,231
Area (km2)
583
Tubas Governorate
Tubas Governorate
Governorate
Tubas Governorate
Population
64,719
Area (km2)
372
Tulkarm Governorate
Tulkarm Governorate
Governorate
Tulkarm Governorate
Population
182,053
Area (km2)
239
Nablus Governorate
Nablus Governorate
Governorate
Nablus Governorate
Population
380,961
Area (km2)
592
Qalqilya Governorate
Qalqilya Governorate
Governorate
Qalqilya Governorate
Population
110,800
Area (km2)
164
Salfit Governorate
Salfit Governorate
Governorate
Salfit Governorate
Population
70,727
Area (km2)
191
Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate
Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate
Governorate
Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate
Population
348,110
Area (km2)
844
Jericho Governorate
Jericho Governorate
Governorate
Jericho Governorate
Population
52,154
Area (km2)
608
Jerusalem Governorate(including Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem with Israeli citizenship)
Jerusalem Governorate(including Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem with Israeli citizenship)
Governorate
Jerusalem Governorate(including Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem with Israeli citizenship)
Population
419,108
Area (km2)
344
Bethlehem Governorate
Bethlehem Governorate
Governorate
Bethlehem Governorate
Population
216,114
Area (km2)
644
Hebron Governorate
Hebron Governorate
Governorate
Hebron Governorate
Population
706,508
Area (km2)
1,060
Total
Total
Governorate
Total
Population
2,862,485
Area (km2)
5,671
Governorate
Population
Area (km2)
Jenin Governorate
311,231
583
Tubas Governorate
64,719
372
Tulkarm Governorate
182,053
239
Nablus Governorate
380,961
592
Qalqilya Governorate
110,800
164
Salfit Governorate
70,727
191
Ramallah and Al-Bireh Governorate
348,110
844
Jericho Governorate
52,154
608
Jerusalem Governorate(including Israeli-annexed East Jerusalem with Israeli citizenship)
419,108
344
Bethlehem Governorate
216,114
644
Hebron Governorate
706,508
1,060
Total
2,862,485
5,671
Significant population centers · Demographics › Major population centers
East Jerusalem
East Jerusalem
Center
East Jerusalem
Population
542,400
Hebron (al-Khalil)
Hebron (al-Khalil)
Center
Hebron (al-Khalil)
Population
163,146
Nablus
Nablus
Center
Nablus
Population
136,132
Jenin
Jenin
Center
Jenin
Population
90,004
Tulkarm
Tulkarm
Center
Tulkarm
Population
51,300
Yattah
Yattah
Center
Yattah
Population
48,672
Modi'in Illit
Modi'in Illit
Center
Modi'in Illit
Population
48,600
Qalqilyah
Qalqilyah
Center
Qalqilyah
Population
41,739
Al-Bireh
Al-Bireh
Center
Al-Bireh
Population
38,202
Beitar Illit
Beitar Illit
Center
Beitar Illit
Population
37,600
Ma'ale Adummim
Ma'ale Adummim
Center
Ma'ale Adummim
Population
33,259
Ramallah
Ramallah
Center
Ramallah
Population
27,460
Bethlehem
Bethlehem
Center
Bethlehem
Population
25,266
Jericho
Jericho
Center
Jericho
Population
18,346
Ariel
Ariel
Center
Ariel
Population
17,700
Center
Population
East Jerusalem
542,400
Hebron (al-Khalil)
163,146
Nablus
136,132
Jenin
90,004
Tulkarm
51,300
Yattah
48,672
Modi'in Illit
48,600
Qalqilyah
41,739
Al-Bireh
38,202
Beitar Illit
37,600
Ma'ale Adummim
33,259
Ramallah
27,460
Bethlehem
25,266
Jericho
18,346
Ariel
17,700

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