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Utrecht

Updated: Wikipedia source

Utrecht

Utrecht ( YOO-trekt; Dutch: [ˈytrɛxt] ; Utrecht dialect: Ut(e)reg [ˈyt(ə)ʁɛχ]) is the fourth-largest city of the Netherlands, as well as the capital and the most populous city of the province of Utrecht. The municipality of Utrecht is located in the eastern part of the Randstad conurbation, in the very centre of mainland Netherlands, and includes Haarzuilens, Vleuten and De Meern. It has a population of 376,435 as of January 2025. Utrecht's ancient city centre features many buildings and structures, several dating as far back as the High Middle Ages. It has been the religious centre of the Netherlands since the 8th century. In 1579, the Union of Utrecht was signed in the city to lay the foundations for the Dutch Republic. Utrecht was the most important city in the Netherlands until the Dutch Golden Age, when it was surpassed by Amsterdam as the country's cultural centre and most populous city. Utrecht is home to Utrecht University, the largest university in the Netherlands, as well as several other institutions of higher education. Due to its central position within the country, it is an important hub for both rail and road transport; it has the busiest railway station in the Netherlands, Utrecht Centraal. It has the second-highest number of cultural events in the Netherlands, after Amsterdam. In 2012, Lonely Planet included Utrecht in the top 10 of the world's unsung places.

Infobox

Country
Netherlands
Province
Utrecht
• Body
Municipal council
• Mayor
Sharon Dijksma (PvdA)
• Municipality
376,435
• Land
93.83 km2 (36.23 sq mi)
• Water
5.38 km2 (2.08 sq mi)
• Randstad
6,979,500
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
• Density
3,646/km2 (9,440/sq mi)
• Urban
489,734
• Metro
656,342
Demonym
Utrechter(s)[nb 1]
Time zone
UTC 1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC 2 (CEST)
Postcode
3450–3455, 3500–3585
Area code
030
Website
www.utrecht.nl

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for De Bilt
Month
Climate data for De Bilt
Jan
Climate data for De Bilt
Feb
Climate data for De Bilt
Mar
Climate data for De Bilt
Apr
Climate data for De Bilt
May
Climate data for De Bilt
Jun
Climate data for De Bilt
Jul
Climate data for De Bilt
Aug
Climate data for De Bilt
Sep
Climate data for De Bilt
Oct
Climate data for De Bilt
Nov
Climate data for De Bilt
Dec
Climate data for De Bilt
Year
Record high °C (°F)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
15.1(59.2)
Climate data for De Bilt
18.9(66.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
23.9(75.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
28.9(84.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
33.6(92.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
36.8(98.2)
Climate data for De Bilt
37.5(99.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
35.3(95.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
34.2(93.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
26.7(80.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
18.7(65.7)
Climate data for De Bilt
15.3(59.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
37.5(99.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
6.1(43.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
7.0(44.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
10.5(50.9)
Climate data for De Bilt
14.8(58.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
18.3(64.9)
Climate data for De Bilt
20.9(69.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
23.1(73.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
22.9(73.2)
Climate data for De Bilt
19.5(67.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
14.8(58.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
9.9(49.8)
Climate data for De Bilt
6.7(44.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
14.6(58.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
3.6(38.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
3.9(39.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
6.5(43.7)
Climate data for De Bilt
9.9(49.8)
Climate data for De Bilt
13.4(56.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
16.1(61.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
18.2(64.8)
Climate data for De Bilt
17.8(64.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
14.7(58.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
10.9(51.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
7.0(44.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
4.2(39.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
10.6(51.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
0.9(33.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
0.7(33.3)
Climate data for De Bilt
2.4(36.3)
Climate data for De Bilt
4.5(40.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
8.0(46.4)
Climate data for De Bilt
10.8(51.4)
Climate data for De Bilt
13.0(55.4)
Climate data for De Bilt
12.5(54.5)
Climate data for De Bilt
10.0(50.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
7.1(44.8)
Climate data for De Bilt
3.9(39.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
1.6(34.9)
Climate data for De Bilt
6.3(43.3)
Record low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for De Bilt
−24.8(−12.6)
Climate data for De Bilt
−21.6(−6.9)
Climate data for De Bilt
−14.4(6.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
−6.6(20.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
−3.7(25.3)
Climate data for De Bilt
0.2(32.4)
Climate data for De Bilt
3.2(37.8)
Climate data for De Bilt
3.8(38.8)
Climate data for De Bilt
−0.7(30.7)
Climate data for De Bilt
−7.8(18.0)
Climate data for De Bilt
−14.4(6.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
−16.6(2.1)
Climate data for De Bilt
−24.8(−12.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for De Bilt
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for De Bilt
70.3(2.77)
Climate data for De Bilt
62.7(2.47)
Climate data for De Bilt
57.4(2.26)
Climate data for De Bilt
41.1(1.62)
Climate data for De Bilt
58.9(2.32)
Climate data for De Bilt
70.1(2.76)
Climate data for De Bilt
84.8(3.34)
Climate data for De Bilt
83.1(3.27)
Climate data for De Bilt
77.5(3.05)
Climate data for De Bilt
80.7(3.18)
Climate data for De Bilt
79.7(3.14)
Climate data for De Bilt
83.4(3.28)
Climate data for De Bilt
849.7(33.45)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)
Climate data for De Bilt
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)
Climate data for De Bilt
12
Climate data for De Bilt
10
Climate data for De Bilt
11
Climate data for De Bilt
9
Climate data for De Bilt
10
Climate data for De Bilt
10
Climate data for De Bilt
10
Climate data for De Bilt
10
Climate data for De Bilt
11
Climate data for De Bilt
12
Climate data for De Bilt
13
Climate data for De Bilt
12
Climate data for De Bilt
131
Average snowy days
Average snowy days
Climate data for De Bilt
Average snowy days
Climate data for De Bilt
6
Climate data for De Bilt
6
Climate data for De Bilt
4
Climate data for De Bilt
2
Climate data for De Bilt
0
Climate data for De Bilt
0
Climate data for De Bilt
0
Climate data for De Bilt
0
Climate data for De Bilt
0
Climate data for De Bilt
0
Climate data for De Bilt
2
Climate data for De Bilt
5
Climate data for De Bilt
25
Average relative humidity (%)
Average relative humidity (%)
Climate data for De Bilt
Average relative humidity (%)
Climate data for De Bilt
87
Climate data for De Bilt
84
Climate data for De Bilt
81
Climate data for De Bilt
75
Climate data for De Bilt
75
Climate data for De Bilt
76
Climate data for De Bilt
77
Climate data for De Bilt
79
Climate data for De Bilt
84
Climate data for De Bilt
86
Climate data for De Bilt
89
Climate data for De Bilt
89
Climate data for De Bilt
82
Mean monthly sunshine hours
Mean monthly sunshine hours
Climate data for De Bilt
Mean monthly sunshine hours
Climate data for De Bilt
66.6
Climate data for De Bilt
89.6
Climate data for De Bilt
139.4
Climate data for De Bilt
189.2
Climate data for De Bilt
217.5
Climate data for De Bilt
207.1
Climate data for De Bilt
213.9
Climate data for De Bilt
196.3
Climate data for De Bilt
152.8
Climate data for De Bilt
119.3
Climate data for De Bilt
67.4
Climate data for De Bilt
55.5
Climate data for De Bilt
1,714.6
Source 1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1991–2020 normals, snowy days normals for 1971–2000)
Source 1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1991–2020 normals, snowy days normals for 1971–2000)
Climate data for De Bilt
Source 1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1991–2020 normals, snowy days normals for 1971–2000)
Source 2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1901–present extremes)
Source 2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1901–present extremes)
Climate data for De Bilt
Source 2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1901–present extremes)
Climate data for De Bilt
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
15.1(59.2)
18.9(66.0)
23.9(75.0)
28.9(84.0)
33.6(92.5)
36.8(98.2)
37.5(99.5)
35.3(95.5)
34.2(93.6)
26.7(80.1)
18.7(65.7)
15.3(59.5)
37.5(99.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
6.1(43.0)
7.0(44.6)
10.5(50.9)
14.8(58.6)
18.3(64.9)
20.9(69.6)
23.1(73.6)
22.9(73.2)
19.5(67.1)
14.8(58.6)
9.9(49.8)
6.7(44.1)
14.6(58.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)
3.6(38.5)
3.9(39.0)
6.5(43.7)
9.9(49.8)
13.4(56.1)
16.1(61.0)
18.2(64.8)
17.8(64.0)
14.7(58.5)
10.9(51.6)
7.0(44.6)
4.2(39.6)
10.6(51.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
0.9(33.6)
0.7(33.3)
2.4(36.3)
4.5(40.1)
8.0(46.4)
10.8(51.4)
13.0(55.4)
12.5(54.5)
10.0(50.0)
7.1(44.8)
3.9(39.0)
1.6(34.9)
6.3(43.3)
Record low °C (°F)
−24.8(−12.6)
−21.6(−6.9)
−14.4(6.1)
−6.6(20.1)
−3.7(25.3)
0.2(32.4)
3.2(37.8)
3.8(38.8)
−0.7(30.7)
−7.8(18.0)
−14.4(6.1)
−16.6(2.1)
−24.8(−12.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
70.3(2.77)
62.7(2.47)
57.4(2.26)
41.1(1.62)
58.9(2.32)
70.1(2.76)
84.8(3.34)
83.1(3.27)
77.5(3.05)
80.7(3.18)
79.7(3.14)
83.4(3.28)
849.7(33.45)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)
12
10
11
9
10
10
10
10
11
12
13
12
131
Average snowy days
6
6
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
5
25
Average relative humidity (%)
87
84
81
75
75
76
77
79
84
86
89
89
82
Mean monthly sunshine hours
66.6
89.6
139.4
189.2
217.5
207.1
213.9
196.3
152.8
119.3
67.4
55.5
1,714.6
Source 1: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1991–2020 normals, snowy days normals for 1971–2000)
Source 2: Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (1901–present extremes)
· Population › Inhabitants by origin
Without recent migration background
Without recent migration background
2020
Without recent migration background
Numbers
228,502
%
63.9%
Western migration background
Western migration background
2020
Western migration background
Numbers
43,511
%
12.17%
Non-Western migration background
Non-Western migration background
2020
Non-Western migration background
Numbers
85,584
%
23.93%
Morocco
Morocco
2020
Morocco
Numbers
31,429
%
8.79%
Turkey
Turkey
2020
Turkey
Numbers
14,210
%
3.97%
Indonesia
Indonesia
2020
Indonesia
Numbers
7,923
%
2.22%
Suriname
Suriname
2020
Suriname
Numbers
7,771
%
2.17%
Netherlands Antilles and Aruba
Netherlands Antilles and Aruba
2020
Netherlands Antilles and Aruba
Numbers
2,907
%
0.81%
Total
Total
2020
Total
Numbers
357,597
%
100%
2020
Numbers
%
Without recent migration background
228,502
63.9%
Western migration background
43,511
12.17%
Non-Western migration background
85,584
23.93%
Morocco
31,429
8.79%
Turkey
14,210
3.97%
Indonesia
7,923
2.22%
Suriname
7,771
2.17%
Netherlands Antilles and Aruba
2,907
0.81%
Total
357,597
100%
Population of the city of Utrecht by country of birth of the parents of citizens (2022). Those with a mixed background are counted in the 'non Dutch' groupings.[37] · Population › Inhabitants by origin
Netherlands
Netherlands
Country/Territory
Netherlands
Population
227,343 (62.8%)
Morocco
Morocco
Country/Territory
Morocco
Population
30,656 (8.8%)
Turkey
Turkey
Country/Territory
Turkey
Population
13,988 (4%)
Indonesia
Indonesia
Country/Territory
Indonesia
Population
8,014 (2.3%)
Suriname
Suriname
Country/Territory
Suriname
Population
7,827 (3%)
Other
Other
Country/Territory
Other
Population
59,655 (20.7%)
Country/Territory
Population
Netherlands
227,343 (62.8%)
Morocco
30,656 (8.8%)
Turkey
13,988 (4%)
Indonesia
8,014 (2.3%)
Suriname
7,827 (3%)
Other
59,655 (20.7%)
Municipal Council (2022-2026) · Politics
party
seats
GroenLinks
9
D66
8
VVD
5
PvdA
4
CDA
3
PvDD
3
Volt
3
Christenunie
2
Denk
1
Bij1
1
Local parties
6

References

  1. See Utrecht sodomy trials § Legacy for the history of these demonyms.
  2. Almost all other canal cities in The Netherlands (such as Amsterdam and Delft) have the water in canals bordering direct
  3. "Burgemeester"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140407073106/http://www.utrecht.nl/hoe-werkt-de-gemeente/burgemeester-en-wethouders/persoonlijke-websites-college/burgemeester/
  4. De Top 20 van Europese grootstedelijke regio's 1995–2011; Randstad Holland in internationaal perspectief
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140303212054/http://www.zuidvleugel.nl/sites/www.zuidvleugel.nl/files/article/downloads/top_20_europese_grootstedelijke_regios_1995_2011_tno_2012_r11155.pdf
  5. Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland
    http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool
  6. CBS Statline
    https://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37230NED&D1=17-18&D2=57-650&D3=l&LA=EN&HDR=T&STB=G1,G2&VW=T
  7. CBS Statline
    https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/70072ned/table?ts=1615235479113
  8. Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary
  9. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary
  10. "CBS Statline"
    https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/37230ned/table?ts=1578685738191
  11. "Utrecht Monitor 2007"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160206065523/http://www.utrecht.nl/images/Secretarie/Bestuursinformatie/Publicaties2007/UM2007/UtrechtMonitor2007.pdf
  12. "10 of the world's unsung places"
    https://www.lonelyplanet.com/travel-tips-and-articles/10-of-the-worlds-unsung-places/40625c8c-8a11-5710-a052-1479d277e7b8
  13. "Gemeente Utrecht, Geschiedenis Utrecht voor 1528"
    http://www.utrecht.nl/smartsite.dws?id=163711
  14. Twintig eeuwen Utrecht, korte geschiedenis van de stad
  15. "Het ontstaan van de stad Utrecht (tot 100)"
    http://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/werkstukken/onderwerpen/ontstaan-utrecht
  16. Chronologisch woordenboek. De ouderdom en herkomst van onze woorden en betekenissen
    http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/sijs002chro01_01/sijs002chro01_01_0010.htm
  17. Lichte Gaard 9. Archeologisch onderzoek naar het castellum en het bisschoppelijk paleis. Basisrapportage archeologie 41
    http://www.utrecht.nl/images/DSO/monumenten/publicaties/Basisrapportages_Archeologie/BRArch_41_Lichte_Gaard/BrArch41_Lichte_Gaard.pdf
  18. Jaarboek Oud Utrecht 2005
  19. Geschiedenis van de Middeleeuwen
  20. De Salvator- of Oudmunsterkerk te Utrecht, Stichtingsmonument van het bisdom Utrecht
  21. "Janskerk Informatie"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20071230083733/http://www.janskerkutrecht.nl/
  22. "Sint Pieterskerk Utrecht"
    http://www.planetware.com/utrecht/st-pieterskerk-nl-ut-piet.htm
  23. Een kerk van papier. De geschiedenis van de voormalige Mariakerk te Utrecht
  24. Uniek in de stad. De oudste geschiedenis van de kloostergemeenschap op de Hohorst sinds 1050 de Sint-Paulusabdij te Utrecht
  25. "Karel V"
    http://www.karelv.nl/
  26. "Jacobikerk"
    http://www.jacobikerk.nl/
  27. "Nicolaikerk"
    http://www.nicolaikerk.nl/
  28. "Geertekerk – Remonstrantse Gemeente Utrecht"
    http://www.geertekerk.nl/
  29. "De Utrechtse (Werven"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20081016132529/http://www.utrecht.nl/smartsite.dws?id=168424
  30. "Historic wharf photos from the Utrecht City Archive"
    http://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/atlantis_treffers.asp?trefwoord=werven
  31. Dutch Seventeenth-Century Genre Painting
  32. KILLICK, UTRECHT BY STEVE. "Green Heart Beat Intruders." FT.com (2002): 1. ProQuest. Web. 25 Mar. 2025.
  33. PUBLIC EYE; the Unzipped 'Zipper': PUBLIC EYE. New York: New York Times Company, 1999. ProQuest. Web. 25 Mar. 2025.
  34. "Klimaattabel De Bilt, langjarige gemiddelden, tijdvak 1981–2010"
    http://www.klimaatatlas.nl/tabel/stationsdata/klimtab_8110_260.pdf
  35. "Maandrecords De Bilt"
    http://www.weergegevens.nl/
  36. "Population dynamics; birth, death and migration per region"
    https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/en/dataset/37259eng/table?ts=1742391441388
  37. "Utrechts onderzoek en cijfers"
    http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091015030852/http://www.utrecht.nl/smartsite.dws?id=278616
  38. opendata.cbs.nl
    https://opendata.cbs.nl/statline/#/CBS/nl/dataset/37713/table
  39. "CBS StatLine – Bevolking; leeftijd, herkomstgroepering, geslacht en regio, 1 januari"
    https://statline.cbs.nl/Statweb/publication/?DM=SLNL&PA=37713&D1=0-8&D2=0&D3=1-2,6-55&D4=603&D5=l&HDR=T,G4&STB=G1,G3,G2&VW=T
  40. "Aartsbisdom Utrecht"
    http://www.aartsbisdom.nl/
  41. "Katholiek Nederland"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20101004021841/http://www.katholieknederland.nl/
  42. "Kerkelijkheid en kerkbezoek, 2010/2013"
    https://www.cbs.nl/nl-nl/maatwerk/2014/40/kerkelijkheid-en-kerkbezoek-2010-2013
  43. "Gemiddelde bevolking per regio naar leeftijd en geslacht / Gebieden in Nederland 2007"
    https://statline.cbs.nl/StatWeb/start.asp?KEYWORDS=agglomeratie+utrecht&BOOL=0&LA=NL&DM=SLNL&lp=Search/SResults
  44. "RonDom"
    http://www.domtoren.nl/
  45. "Rabobank Groep"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110724163429/http://www.rabobankgroep.nl/asp/default.asp?node_id=15062&version_id=1
  46. "Cultuurhistorie en Monumenten"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110608230327/http://www.utrecht.nl/smartsite.dws?id=168424
  47. "Wijksite Binnenstad"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110608232007/http://www.utrecht.nl/smartsite.dws?id=90241
  48. "Utrecht"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20030807220327/http://www.map21ltd.com/COSTC11/Utrecht/Utrecht.htm
  49. DutchNews.nl
    https://www.dutchnews.nl/news/2020/09/joining-the-circle-utrecht-removes-road-to-be-ringed-by-water-once-more/
  50. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/sep/14/utrecht-restores-historic-canal-made-into-motorway-in-1970s
  51. Historische Atlas van de stad Utrecht. ISBN 90-8506-189-X
  52. Waterliniepad
  53. "Kerken Kijken Utrecht | Home"
    http://www.kerkenkijken.nl/
  54. "Transdev wins urban transportation contract in Utrecht (Netherlands)"
    https://www.transdev.com/en/press-release/transdev-wins-urban-transportation-contract-in-utrecht-netherlands/
  55. Thomsen Energie
    https://www.thomsen-energie.de/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Shell-GTL-Fuel-AVP-ab-2024.pdf
  56. Cycling Industry News
    https://cyclingindustry.news/netherlands-further-builds-on-cyclings-modal-share-hitting-51-in-utrecht/
  57. www.kimnet.nl
    https://www.kimnet.nl/mobiliteitsbeeld#personenvervoer-article12
  58. Journal of Urban Mobility
    https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.urbmob.2022.100043
  59. DutchNews.nl
    http://www.dutchnews.nl/news/archives/2014/04/utrecht_to_build_worlds_bigges
  60. Bicycle Dutch
    https://bicycledutch.wordpress.com/2019/08/20/finally-fully-open-utrechts-huge-bicycle-parking-garage/
  61. "Autosnelwegen.nl"
    http://www.autosnelwegen.nl/
  62. Britannica.com
    http://www.britannica.com/eb/topic-21914/Amsterdam-Rhine-Canal
  63. "Container Terminal Utrecht"
    http://www.ctu.net/
  64. "Rondvaart Utrecht"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110724171937/http://vareninutrecht.nl/index.php?page=lp_rondvaart_utrecht
  65. "50 JAAR REDERIJ"
    http://www.schuttevaer.com/
  66. "Lovers Rondvaart – In Utrecht uit – de uitagenda over uitgaan restaurants in Utrecht"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110624031321/http://inutrechtuit.nl/leuk_en_doen/lovers_rondvaart.html
  67. "De administratiegebouwen van de spoorwegen te Utrecht"
    http://www.usine-utrecht.nl/inktpot-prorail-ns-hoofdkantoor/
  68. rabobank.nl
    https://www.rabobank.nl/over-ons/toezicht/
  69. IO
    https://innovationorigins.com/en/utrecht-is-the-gaming-capital-of-europe-and-thats-making-millions/
  70. "Game capitals in Europe"
    https://tfprod.businessfinland.fi/4922fb/globalassets/finnish-customers/02-build-your-network/digitalization/game-industry/game-capitals-in-europe-study-melanie-krautwald-game-industry.pdf
  71. "Game Development"
    https://www.hku.nl/en/study-at-hku/games/game-development
  72. The Art Newspaper - International art news and events
    https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2020/08/26/going-dutch-teamlab-to-launch-permanent-exhibition-in-the-netherlands-in-2024
  73. VG247
    https://www.vg247.com/how-the-dutch-game-garden-helped-remake-video-games-in-the-netherlands
  74. www.shanghairanking.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150403235146/http://www.shanghairanking.com/World-University-Rankings/Utrecht-University.html
  75. "About the University of Humanistic Studies (Dutch)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130116205642/http://www.uvh.nl/organisatie/over-de-universiteit
  76. "FT.com"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080229061100/http://rankings.ft.com/emba-rankings
  77. "Kengetallen HU Jaarverslag"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120718052752/http://hu.nl/Jaarverslag/Kengetallen.aspx
  78. weebly.com
    http://utrechtsekabouter.weebly.com/
  79. "kampong.nl"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20050218010740/http://www.kampong.nl/
  80. "Utrecht 2015: the colour of cycling – News pre-race – Tour de France 2014"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131203040046/http://www.letour.fr/le-tour/2014/us/pre-race/news/ahc/utrecht-2015-the-colour-of-cycling.html
  81. "aamu.nl"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140703232236/http://www.aamu.nl/
  82. "Centraal Museum Utrecht"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20060217115228/http://www.dickbrunahuis.com/eng/index.html
  83. "Over RDO"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140225021736/http://www.rdo.nl/pagina/1
  84. "hetutrechtsarchief.nl"
    http://www.hetutrechtsarchief.nl/
  85. uu.nl
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080212022734/http://www.museum.uu.nl/
  86. "Volksbuurtmuseum wijk C"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070930030851/http://home.wxs.nl/~wersc6/frames.htm
  87. "English - Sonnenborch"
    https://www.sonnenborgh.nl/english
  88. www.kruideniersmuseum.nl
    http://www.kruideniersmuseum.nl/
  89. "OudeMuziek :: Home"
    https://www.oudemuziek.nl/home/
  90. "When the Goths Have Their Picnic"
    http://anotherworldblog.wordpress.com/2011/09/01/when-the-goths-have-their-picnic/
  91. "theaterkikker.nl"
    http://www.theaterkikker.nl/
  92. "stadsschouwburg-utrecht.nl"
    http://www.stadsschouwburg-utrecht.nl/
  93. "City of Brno Foreign Relations – Statutory city of Brno"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160115084015/http://www2.brno.cz/index.php?lan=en&nav01=2222&nav02=1249
  94. "Brno – Partnerská města"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110523100252/http://www2.brno.cz/index.php?nav02=1985&nav01=34&nav03=1010&nav04=1016&nav05=1249&nav06=1272
  95. "Portland, Oregon"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150527135739/http://sister-cities.org/interactive-map/Portland%2C%20Oregon
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