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United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

Updated: Wikipedia source

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (in case citations, 9th Cir.) is the U.S. federal court of appeals headquartered in San Francisco, California, and has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts for the following federal judicial districts:

District of Alaska District of Arizona Central District of California Eastern District of California Northern District of California Southern District of California District of Hawaii District of Idaho District of Montana District of Nevada District of Oregon Eastern District of Washington Western District of Washington The Ninth Circuit also has appellate jurisdiction over the territorial courts for the District of Guam and the District of the Northern Mariana Islands. Additionally, it sometimes handles appeals that originate from American Samoa, which has no district court and partially relies on the District of Hawaii for its federal cases. The Ninth Circuit is the largest of the 13 U.S. Courts of Appeals, covering a total of nine states and two territories and with 29 active judgeships. The court's regular meeting places are Seattle (at the William Kenzo Nakamura United States Courthouse), Portland (at the Pioneer Courthouse), San Francisco (at the James R. Browning United States Court of Appeals Building), and Pasadena (at the Richard H. Chambers United States Court of Appeals). Panels of the court occasionally travel to hear cases in other locations within the circuit. Although the judges travel around the circuit, the court arranges its hearings so that cases from the northern region of the circuit are heard in Seattle or Portland, cases from southern California and Arizona are heard in Pasadena, and cases from northern California, Nevada, Hawaii, and the Pacific territories are heard in San Francisco. Additionally, the court holds yearly sittings in Anchorage and Honolulu. For lawyers who must come and present their cases to the court in person, this administrative grouping of cases helps to reduce the time and cost of travel. Ninth Circuit judges are also appointed by the United States Secretary of the Interior to serve as temporary acting Associate Justices for non-federal appellate sessions at the High Court of American Samoa in Fagatogo.

Infobox

Judges
29
Location
James R. Browning U (San Francisco, California).mw- }.mw- More locations William Kenzo Nakamura U.S. Courthouse(Seattle, Washington)Pioneer Courthouse(Portland, Oregon)Richard H. Chambers U.S. Court of Appeals(Pasadena, California)
Established
March 3, 1891
Chief Judge
Mary H. Murguia
Appeals from
District of AlaskaDistrict of ArizonaCentral District of CaliforniaEastern District of CaliforniaNorthern District of CaliforniaSouthern District of CaliforniaDistrict of HawaiiDistrict of IdahoDistrict of MontanaDistrict of NevadaDistrict of OregonEastern District of WashingtonWestern District of WashingtonDistrict of GuamDistrict of the Northern Mariana Islands
Circuit Justice
Elena Kagan

Tables

· History
1891
1891
Year
1891
Jurisdiction
California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington
Total population
2,087,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
3.3%
Number of active judgeships
2
1900
1900
Year
1900
Jurisdiction
Territory of Hawaii added
Total population
2,798,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
3.7%
Number of active judgeships
3
1912
1912
Year
1912
Jurisdiction
Arizona added
Total population
7,415,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
6.7%
Number of active judgeships
3
1940
1940
Year
1940
Total population
11,881,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
9.0%
Number of active judgeships
7
1960
1960
Year
1960
Jurisdiction
Alaska and Guam added
Total population
22,607,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
12.6%
Number of active judgeships
9
1980
1980
Year
1980
Jurisdiction
Northern Mariana Islands added
Total population
37,170,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
16.4%
Number of active judgeships
23
2000
2000
Year
2000
Total population
54,575,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
19.3%
Number of active judgeships
28
2007
2007
Year
2007
Total population
60,400,000
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
19.9%
Number of active judgeships
28
2009
2009
Year
2009
Total population
61,403,307
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
19.72%
Number of active judgeships
29
2010
2010
Year
2010
Total population
61,742,858
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
19.99%
Number of active judgeships
29
2020
2020
Year
2020
Total population
66,848,869
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
20.17%
Number of active judgeships
29
Year
Jurisdiction
Total population
Pop. as % of nat'l pop.
Number of active judgeships
1891
California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington
2,087,000
3.3%
2
1900
Territory of Hawaii added
2,798,000
3.7%
3
1912
Arizona added
7,415,000
6.7%
3
1940
11,881,000
9.0%
7
1960
Alaska and Guam added
22,607,000
12.6%
9
1980
Northern Mariana Islands added
37,170,000
16.4%
23
2000
54,575,000
19.3%
28
2007
60,400,000
19.9%
28
2009
61,403,307
19.72%
29
2010
61,742,858
19.99%
29
2020
66,848,869
20.17%
29
· Current composition of the court
Active
Active
#
Active
Title
Chief
Judge
Senior
94
94
#
94
Title
Chief Judge
Judge
Mary H. Murguia
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1960
Term of service
2011–present
Term of service
2021–present
Term of service
Appointed by
Obama
79
79
#
79
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Kim McLane Wardlaw
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1954
Term of service
1998–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Clinton
82
82
#
82
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Ronald M. Gould
Duty station
Seattle, WA
Born
1946
Term of service
1999–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Clinton
86
86
#
86
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Johnnie B. Rawlinson
Duty station
Las Vegas, NV
Born
1952
Term of service
2000–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Clinton
89
89
#
89
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Consuelo Callahan
Duty station
Sacramento, CA
Born
1950
Term of service
2003–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
91
91
#
91
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Milan Smith
Duty station
El Segundo, CA
Born
1942
Term of service
2006–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
92
92
#
92
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Sandra Segal Ikuta
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1954
Term of service
2006–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
95
95
#
95
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Morgan Christen
Duty station
Anchorage, AK
Born
1961
Term of service
2012–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Obama
96
96
#
96
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Jacqueline Nguyen
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1965
Term of service
2012–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Obama
99
99
#
99
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
John B. Owens
Duty station
San Diego, CA
Born
1971
Term of service
2014–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Obama
100
100
#
100
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Michelle Friedland
Duty station
San Jose, CA
Born
1972
Term of service
2014–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Obama
101
101
#
101
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Mark J. Bennett
Duty station
Honolulu, HI
Born
1953
Term of service
2018–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
102
102
#
102
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Ryan D. Nelson
Duty station
Idaho Falls, ID
Born
1973
Term of service
2018–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
103
103
#
103
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Eric D. Miller
Duty station
Seattle, WA
Born
1975
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
104
104
#
104
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Bridget S. Bade
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1965
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
105
105
#
105
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Daniel P. Collins
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1963
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
106
106
#
106
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Kenneth K. Lee
Duty station
San Diego, CA
Born
1975
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
107
107
#
107
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Daniel Bress
Duty station
San Francisco, CA
Born
1979
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
108
108
#
108
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Danielle J. Forrest
Duty station
Portland, OR
Born
1977
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
109
109
#
109
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Patrick J. Bumatay
Duty station
San Diego, CA
Born
1978
Term of service
2019–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
110
110
#
110
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Lawrence VanDyke
Duty station
Reno, NV
Born
1972
Term of service
2020–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Trump
111
111
#
111
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Lucy Koh
Duty station
San Francisco, CA
Born
1968
Term of service
2021–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
112
112
#
112
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Jennifer Sung
Duty station
Portland, OR
Born
1972
Term of service
2021–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
113
113
#
113
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Gabriel P. Sanchez
Duty station
San Francisco, CA
Born
1976
Term of service
2022–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
114
114
#
114
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Holly A. Thomas
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1979
Term of service
2022–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
115
115
#
115
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Salvador Mendoza Jr.
Duty station
Richland, WA
Born
1971
Term of service
2022–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
116
116
#
116
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Roopali Desai
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1978
Term of service
2022–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
117
117
#
117
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Anthony Johnstone
Duty station
Missoula, MT
Born
1973
Term of service
2023–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
118
118
#
118
Title
Circuit Judge
Judge
Ana de Alba
Duty station
Fresno, CA
Born
1979
Term of service
2023–present
Term of service
Term of service
Appointed by
Biden
40
1972
1972–1996
40
#
40
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
J. Clifford Wallace
Duty station
San Diego, CA
Born
1928
Term of service
1972–1996
Term of service
1991–1996
Term of service
1996–present
Appointed by
Nixon
47
1979
1979–2011
47
#
47
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Mary M. Schroeder
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1940
Term of service
1979–2011
Term of service
2000–2007
Term of service
2011–present
Appointed by
Carter
54
1979
1979–1995
54
#
54
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Dorothy Wright Nelson
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1928
Term of service
1979–1995
Term of service
Term of service
1995–present
Appointed by
Carter
55
1980
1980–1996
55
#
55
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
William Canby
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1931
Term of service
1980–1996
Term of service
Term of service
1996–present
Appointed by
Carter
66
1986
1986–2016
66
#
66
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Diarmuid O'Scannlain
Duty station
Portland, OR
Born
1937
Term of service
1986–2016
Term of service
Term of service
2016–present
Appointed by
Reagan
68
1988
1988–2004
68
#
68
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Stephen S. Trott
Duty station
inactive
Born
1939
Term of service
1988–2004
Term of service
Term of service
2004–present
Appointed by
Reagan
69
1989
1989–2002
69
#
69
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Ferdinand Fernandez
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1937
Term of service
1989–2002
Term of service
Term of service
2002–present
Appointed by
G.H.W. Bush
72
1991
1991–2010
72
#
72
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Andrew Kleinfeld
Duty station
Fairbanks, AK
Born
1945
Term of service
1991–2010
Term of service
Term of service
2010–present
Appointed by
G.H.W. Bush
73
1994
1994–2010
73
#
73
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Michael Daly Hawkins
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1945
Term of service
1994–2010
Term of service
Term of service
2010–present
Appointed by
Clinton
74
1996
1996–2004
74
#
74
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
A. Wallace Tashima
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1934
Term of service
1996–2004
Term of service
Term of service
2004–present
Appointed by
Clinton
75
1996
1996–2023
75
#
75
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Sidney R. Thomas
Duty station
Billings, MT
Born
1953
Term of service
1996–2023
Term of service
2014–2021
Term of service
2023–present
Appointed by
Clinton
76
1998
1998–2016
76
#
76
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Barry G. Silverman
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1951
Term of service
1998–2016
Term of service
Term of service
2016–present
Appointed by
Clinton
77
1998
1998–2021
77
#
77
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Susan P. Graber
Duty station
Portland, OR
Born
1949
Term of service
1998–2021
Term of service
Term of service
2021–present
Appointed by
Clinton
78
1998
1998–2022
78
#
78
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
M. Margaret McKeown
Duty station
San Diego, CA
Born
1951
Term of service
1998–2022
Term of service
Term of service
2022–present
Appointed by
Clinton
80
1998
1998–2022
80
#
80
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
William A. Fletcher
Duty station
San Francisco, CA
Born
1945
Term of service
1998–2022
Term of service
Term of service
2022–present
Appointed by
Clinton
83
2000
2000–2021
83
#
83
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Richard Paez
Duty station
Pasadena, CA
Born
1947
Term of service
2000–2021
Term of service
Term of service
2021–present
Appointed by
Clinton
84
2000
2000–2022
84
#
84
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Marsha Berzon
Duty station
San Francisco, CA
Born
1945
Term of service
2000–2022
Term of service
Term of service
2022–present
Appointed by
Clinton
85
2000
2000–2018
85
#
85
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Richard C. Tallman
Duty station
Coeur d'Alene, ID
Born
1953
Term of service
2000–2018
Term of service
Term of service
2018–present
Appointed by
Clinton
87
2002
2002–2016
87
#
87
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Richard Clifton
Duty station
Honolulu, HI
Born
1950
Term of service
2002–2016
Term of service
Term of service
2016–present
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
88
2003
2003–2019
88
#
88
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Jay Bybee
Duty station
Las Vegas, NV
Born
1953
Term of service
2003–2019
Term of service
Term of service
2019–present
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
90
2003
2003–2019
90
#
90
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Carlos Bea
Duty station
San Francisco, CA
Born
1934
Term of service
2003–2019
Term of service
Term of service
2019–present
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
93
2007
2007–2018
93
#
93
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
N. Randy Smith
Duty station
Pocatello, ID
Born
1949
Term of service
2007–2018
Term of service
Term of service
2018–present
Appointed by
G.W. Bush
98
2012
2012–2022
98
#
98
Title
Senior Circuit Judge
Judge
Andrew D. Hurwitz
Duty station
Phoenix, AZ
Born
1947
Term of service
2012–2022
Term of service
Term of service
2022–present
Appointed by
Obama
#
Title
Judge
Duty station
Born
Term of service
Appointed by
Active
Chief
Senior
94
Chief Judge
Mary H. Murguia
Phoenix, AZ
1960
2011–present
2021–present
Obama
79
Circuit Judge
Kim McLane Wardlaw
Pasadena, CA
1954
1998–present
Clinton
82
Circuit Judge
Ronald M. Gould
Seattle, WA
1946
1999–present
Clinton
86
Circuit Judge
Johnnie B. Rawlinson
Las Vegas, NV
1952
2000–present
Clinton
89
Circuit Judge
Consuelo Callahan
Sacramento, CA
1950
2003–present
Bush
91
Circuit Judge
Milan Smith
El Segundo, CA
1942
2006–present
Bush
92
Circuit Judge
Sandra Segal Ikuta
Pasadena, CA
1954
2006–present
Bush
95
Circuit Judge
Morgan Christen
Anchorage, AK
1961
2012–present
Obama
96
Circuit Judge
Jacqueline Nguyen
Pasadena, CA
1965
2012–present
Obama
99
Circuit Judge
John B. Owens
San Diego, CA
1971
2014–present
Obama
100
Circuit Judge
Michelle Friedland
San Jose, CA
1972
2014–present
Obama
101
Circuit Judge
Mark J. Bennett
Honolulu, HI
1953
2018–present
Trump
102
Circuit Judge
Ryan D. Nelson
Idaho Falls, ID
1973
2018–present
Trump
103
Circuit Judge
Eric D. Miller
Seattle, WA
1975
2019–present
Trump
104
Circuit Judge
Bridget S. Bade
Phoenix, AZ
1965
2019–present
Trump
105
Circuit Judge
Daniel P. Collins
Pasadena, CA
1963
2019–present
Trump
106
Circuit Judge
Kenneth K. Lee
San Diego, CA
1975
2019–present
Trump
107
Circuit Judge
Daniel Bress
San Francisco, CA
1979
2019–present
Trump
108
Circuit Judge
Danielle J. Forrest
Portland, OR
1977
2019–present
Trump
109
Circuit Judge
Patrick J. Bumatay
San Diego, CA
1978
2019–present
Trump
110
Circuit Judge
Lawrence VanDyke
Reno, NV
1972
2020–present
Trump
111
Circuit Judge
Lucy Koh
San Francisco, CA
1968
2021–present
Biden
112
Circuit Judge
Jennifer Sung
Portland, OR
1972
2021–present
Biden
113
Circuit Judge
Gabriel P. Sanchez
San Francisco, CA
1976
2022–present
Biden
114
Circuit Judge
Holly A. Thomas
Pasadena, CA
1979
2022–present
Biden
115
Circuit Judge
Salvador Mendoza Jr.
Richland, WA
1971
2022–present
Biden
116
Circuit Judge
Roopali Desai
Phoenix, AZ
1978
2022–present
Biden
117
Circuit Judge
Anthony Johnstone
Missoula, MT
1973
2023–present
Biden
118
Circuit Judge
Ana de Alba
Fresno, CA
1979
2023–present
Biden
40
Senior Circuit Judge
J. Clifford Wallace
San Diego, CA
1928
1972–1996
1991–1996
1996–present
Nixon
47
Senior Circuit Judge
Mary M. Schroeder
Phoenix, AZ
1940
1979–2011
2000–2007
2011–present
Carter
54
Senior Circuit Judge
Dorothy Wright Nelson
Pasadena, CA
1928
1979–1995
1995–present
Carter
55
Senior Circuit Judge
William Canby
Phoenix, AZ
1931
1980–1996
1996–present
Carter
66
Senior Circuit Judge
Diarmuid O'Scannlain
Portland, OR
1937
1986–2016
2016–present
Reagan
68
Senior Circuit Judge
Stephen S. Trott
inactive
1939
1988–2004
2004–present
Reagan
69
Senior Circuit Judge
Ferdinand Fernandez
Pasadena, CA
1937
1989–2002
2002–present
Bush
72
Senior Circuit Judge
Andrew Kleinfeld
Fairbanks, AK
1945
1991–2010
2010–present
Bush
73
Senior Circuit Judge
Michael Daly Hawkins
Phoenix, AZ
1945
1994–2010
2010–present
Clinton
74
Senior Circuit Judge
A. Wallace Tashima
Pasadena, CA
1934
1996–2004
2004–present
Clinton
75
Senior Circuit Judge
Sidney R. Thomas
Billings, MT
1953
1996–2023
2014–2021
2023–present
Clinton
76
Senior Circuit Judge
Barry G. Silverman
Phoenix, AZ
1951
1998–2016
2016–present
Clinton
77
Senior Circuit Judge
Susan P. Graber
Portland, OR
1949
1998–2021
2021–present
Clinton
78
Senior Circuit Judge
M. Margaret McKeown
San Diego, CA
1951
1998–2022
2022–present
Clinton
80
Senior Circuit Judge
William A. Fletcher
San Francisco, CA
1945
1998–2022
2022–present
Clinton
83
Senior Circuit Judge
Richard Paez
Pasadena, CA
1947
2000–2021
2021–present
Clinton
84
Senior Circuit Judge
Marsha Berzon
San Francisco, CA
1945
2000–2022
2022–present
Clinton
85
Senior Circuit Judge
Richard C. Tallman
Coeur d'Alene, ID
1953
2000–2018
2018–present
Clinton
87
Senior Circuit Judge
Richard Clifton
Honolulu, HI
1950
2002–2016
2016–present
Bush
· Vacancies and pending nominations
1
1
Seat
1
Prior Judge's Duty Station
Pasadena, CA
Seat last held by
Sandra Segal Ikuta
Vacancy reason
Senior status
Date of vacancy
TBD
Nominee
Eric Tung
Date of nomination
July 15, 2025
Seat
Prior Judge's Duty Station
Seat last held by
Vacancy reason
Date of vacancy
Nominee
Date of nomination
1
Pasadena, CA
Sandra Segal Ikuta
Senior status
TBD
Eric Tung
July 15, 2025
· List of former judges
#
1
Judge
Lorenzo Sawyer
State
CA
Born–died
1820–1891
Active service
1891
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Grant / Operation of law
Reason fortermination
death
#
2
Judge
Joseph McKenna
State
CA
Born–died
1843–1926
Active service
1892–1897
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
B. Harrison
Reason fortermination
resignation
#
3
Judge
William Ball Gilbert
State
OR
Born–died
1847–1931
Active service
1892–1931
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
B. Harrison
Reason fortermination
death
#
4
Judge
Erskine Mayo Ross
State
CA
Born–died
1845–1928
Active service
1895–1925
Chief Judge
Senior status
1925–1928
Appointed by
Cleveland
Reason fortermination
death
#
5
Judge
William W. Morrow
State
CA
Born–died
1843–1929
Active service
1897–1923
Chief Judge
Senior status
1923–1929
Appointed by
McKinley
Reason fortermination
resignation
#
6
Judge
William Henry Hunt
State
MT
Born–died
1857–1949
Active service
1911–1928
Chief Judge
Senior status
1928
Reason fortermination
resignation
#
7
Judge
Frank H. Rudkin
State
WA
Born–died
1864–1931
Active service
1923–1931
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Harding
Reason fortermination
death
#
8
Judge
Wallace McCamant
State
OR
Born–died
1867–1944
Active service
1925–1926
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Coolidge
Reason fortermination
not confirmed
#
9
Judge
Frank Sigel Dietrich
State
ID
Born–died
1863–1930
Active service
1927–1930
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Coolidge
Reason fortermination
death
#
10
Judge
Curtis D. Wilbur
State
CA
Born–died
1867–1954
Active service
1929–1945
Chief Judge
Senior status
1945–1954
Appointed by
Hoover
Reason fortermination
death
#
11
Judge
William Henry Sawtelle
State
AZ
Born–died
1868–1934
Active service
1931–1934
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Hoover
Reason fortermination
death
#
12
Judge
Francis Arthur Garrecht
State
WA
Born–died
1870–1948
Active service
1933–1948
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
1948–1957
1948–1957
#
13
Judge
William Denman
State
CA
Born–died
1872–1959
Active service
1935–1957
Chief Judge
1948–1957
Senior status
1957–1959
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
#
14
Judge
Clifton Mathews
State
AZ
Born–died
1880–1962
Active service
1935–1953
Chief Judge
Senior status
1953–1962
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
#
15
Judge
Bert E. Haney
State
OR
Born–died
1879–1943
Active service
1935–1943
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
1957–1959
1957–1959
#
16
Judge
Albert Lee Stephens Sr.
State
CA
Born–died
1874–1965
Active service
1937–1961
Chief Judge
1957–1959
Senior status
1961–1965
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
#
17
Judge
William Healy
State
ID
Born–died
1881–1962
Active service
1937–1958
Chief Judge
Senior status
1958–1962
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
#
18
Judge
Homer Bone
State
WA
Born–died
1883–1970
Active service
1944–1956
Chief Judge
Senior status
1956–1970
Appointed by
F. Roosevelt
Reason fortermination
death
#
19
Judge
William Edwin Orr
State
NV
Born–died
1881–1965
Active service
1945–1956
Chief Judge
Senior status
1956–1965
Appointed by
Truman
Reason fortermination
death
1959
1959
#
20
Judge
Walter Lyndon Pope
State
MT
Born–died
1889–1969
Active service
1949–1961
Chief Judge
1959
Senior status
1961–1969
Appointed by
Truman
Reason fortermination
death
#
21
Judge
Dal Millington Lemmon
State
CA
Born–died
1887–1958
Active service
1954–1958
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
1959–1976
1959–1976
#
22
Judge
Richard Harvey Chambers
State
AZ
Born–died
1906–1994
Active service
1954–1976
Chief Judge
1959–1976
Senior status
1976–1994
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
23
Judge
James Alger Fee
State
OR
Born–died
1888–1959
Active service
1954–1959
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
24
Judge
Stanley Barnes
State
CA
Born–died
1900–1990
Active service
1956–1970
Chief Judge
Senior status
1970–1990
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
25
Judge
Frederick George Hamley
State
WA
Born–died
1903–1975
Active service
1956–1971
Chief Judge
Senior status
1971–1975
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
26
Judge
Oliver Deveta Hamlin Jr.
State
CA
Born–died
1892–1973
Active service
1958–1963
Chief Judge
Senior status
1963–1973
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
27
Judge
Gilbert H. Jertberg
State
CA
Born–died
1897–1973
Active service
1958–1967
Chief Judge
Senior status
1967–1973
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
28
Judge
Charles Merton Merrill
State
NV
Born–died
1907–1996
Active service
1959–1974
Chief Judge
Senior status
1974–1996
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
#
29
Judge
Montgomery Oliver Koelsch
State
ID
Born–died
1912–1992
Active service
1959–1976
Chief Judge
Senior status
1976–1992
Appointed by
Eisenhower
Reason fortermination
death
1976–1988
1976–1988
#
30
Judge
James R. Browning
State
CA
Born–died
1918–2012
Active service
1961–2000
Chief Judge
1976–1988
Senior status
2000–2012
Appointed by
Kennedy
Reason fortermination
death
#
31
Judge
Benjamin C. Duniway
State
CA
Born–died
1907–1986
Active service
1961–1976
Chief Judge
Senior status
1976–1986
Appointed by
Kennedy
Reason fortermination
death
#
32
Judge
Walter Raleigh Ely Jr.
State
CA
Born–died
1913–1984
Active service
1964–1979
Chief Judge
Senior status
1979–1984
Appointed by
L. Johnson
Reason fortermination
death
#
33
Judge
James Marshall Carter
State
CA
Born–died
1904–1979
Active service
1967–1971
Chief Judge
Senior status
1971–1979
Appointed by
L. Johnson
Reason fortermination
death
#
34
Judge
Shirley Hufstedler
State
CA
Born–died
1925–2016
Active service
1968–1979
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
L. Johnson
Reason fortermination
resignation
#
35
Judge
Eugene Allen Wright
State
WA
Born–died
1913–2002
Active service
1969–1983
Chief Judge
Senior status
1983–2002
Appointed by
Nixon
Reason fortermination
death
#
36
Judge
John Kilkenny
State
OR
Born–died
1901–1995
Active service
1969–1971
Chief Judge
Senior status
1971–1995
Appointed by
Nixon
Reason fortermination
death
#
37
Judge
Ozell Miller Trask
State
AZ
Born–died
1909–1984
Active service
1969–1979
Chief Judge
Senior status
1979–1984
Appointed by
Nixon
Reason fortermination
death
#
38
Judge
Herbert Choy
State
HI
Born–died
1916–2004
Active service
1971–1984
Chief Judge
Senior status
1984–2004
Appointed by
Nixon
Reason fortermination
death
1988–1991
1988–1991
#
39
Judge
Alfred Goodwin
State
CA
Born–died
1923–2022
Active service
1971–1991
Chief Judge
1988–1991
Senior status
1991–2022
Appointed by
Nixon
Reason fortermination
death
#
41
Judge
Joseph Tyree Sneed III
State
CA
Born–died
1920–2008
Active service
1973–1987
Chief Judge
Senior status
1987–2008
Appointed by
Nixon
Reason fortermination
death
#
42
Judge
Anthony Kennedy
State
CA
Born–died
1936–present
Active service
1975–1988
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Ford
Reason fortermination
elevation to Supreme Court
#
43
Judge
J. Blaine Anderson
State
ID
Born–died
1922–1988
Active service
1976–1988
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Ford
Reason fortermination
death
1996–2000
1996–2000
#
44
Judge
Procter Ralph Hug Jr.
State
NV
Born–died
1931–2019
Active service
1977–2002
Chief Judge
1996–2000
Senior status
2002–2017
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
retirement
#
45
Judge
Thomas Tang
State
AZ
Born–died
1922–1995
Active service
1977–1993
Chief Judge
Senior status
1993–1995
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
46
Judge
Betty Binns Fletcher
State
WA
Born–died
1923–2012
Active service
1979–1998
Chief Judge
Senior status
1998–2012
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
48
Judge
Otto Richard Skopil Jr.
State
OR
Born–died
1919–2012
Active service
1979–1986
Chief Judge
Senior status
1986–2012
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
49
Judge
Jerome Farris
State
WA
Born–died
1930–2020
Active service
1979–1995
Chief Judge
Senior status
1995–2020
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
50
Judge
Arthur Alarcón
State
CA
Born–died
1925–2015
Active service
1979–1992
Chief Judge
Senior status
1992–2015
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
51
Judge
Harry Pregerson
State
CA
Born–died
1923–2017
Active service
1979–2015
Chief Judge
Senior status
2015–2017
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
52
Judge
Warren J. Ferguson
State
CA
Born–died
1920–2008
Active service
1979–1986
Chief Judge
Senior status
1986–2008
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
53
Judge
Cecil F. Poole
State
CA
Born–died
1914–1997
Active service
1979–1996
Chief Judge
Senior status
1996–1997
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
56
Judge
Robert Boochever
State
AK
Born–died
1917–2011
Active service
1980–1986
Chief Judge
Senior status
1986–2011
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
57
Judge
William Albert Norris
State
CA
Born–died
1927–2017
Active service
1980–1994
Chief Judge
Senior status
1994–1997
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
retirement
#
58
Judge
Stephen Reinhardt
State
CA
Born–died
1931–2018
Active service
1980–2018
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Carter
Reason fortermination
death
#
59
Judge
Robert R. Beezer
State
WA
Born–died
1928–2012
Active service
1984–1996
Chief Judge
Senior status
1996–2012
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
#
60
Judge
Cynthia Holcomb Hall
State
CA
Born–died
1929–2011
Active service
1984–1997
Chief Judge
Senior status
1997–2011
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
#
61
Judge
Charles E. Wiggins
State
CA
Born–died
1927–2000
Active service
1984–1996
Chief Judge
Senior status
1996–2000
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
#
62
Judge
Melvin T. Brunetti
State
NV
Born–died
1933–2009
Active service
1985–1999
Chief Judge
Senior status
1999–2009
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
2007–2014
2007–2014
#
63
Judge
Alex Kozinski
State
CA
Born–died
1950–present
Active service
1985–2017
Chief Judge
2007–2014
Senior status
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
retirement
#
64
Judge
John T. Noonan Jr.
State
CA
Born–died
1926–2017
Active service
1985–1996
Chief Judge
Senior status
1996–2017
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
#
65
Judge
David R. Thompson
State
CA
Born–died
1930–2011
Active service
1985–1998
Chief Judge
Senior status
1998–2011
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
#
67
Judge
Edward Leavy
State
OR
Born–died
1929–2023
Active service
1987–1997
Chief Judge
Senior status
1997–2023
Appointed by
Reagan
Reason fortermination
death
#
70
Judge
Pamela Ann Rymer
State
CA
Born–died
1941–2011
Active service
1989–2011
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
G.H.W. Bush
Reason fortermination
death
#
71
Judge
Thomas G. Nelson
State
ID
Born–died
1936–2011
Active service
1990–2003
Chief Judge
Senior status
2003–2011
Appointed by
G.H.W. Bush
Reason fortermination
death
#
81
Judge
Raymond C. Fisher
State
CA
Born–died
1939–2020
Active service
1999–2013
Chief Judge
Senior status
2013–2020
Appointed by
Clinton
Reason fortermination
death
#
97
Judge
Paul J. Watford
State
CA
Born–died
1967–present
Active service
2012–2023
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Obama
Reason fortermination
resignation
#
Judge
State
Born–died
Active service
Chief Judge
Senior status
Appointed by
Reason fortermination
1
Lorenzo Sawyer
CA
1820–1891
1891
Grant / Operation of law
death
2
Joseph McKenna
CA
1843–1926
1892–1897
B. Harrison
resignation
3
William Ball Gilbert
OR
1847–1931
1892–1931
B. Harrison
death
4
Erskine Mayo Ross
CA
1845–1928
1895–1925
1925–1928
Cleveland
death
5
William W. Morrow
CA
1843–1929
1897–1923
1923–1929
McKinley
resignation
6
William Henry Hunt
MT
1857–1949
1911–1928
1928
resignation
7
Frank H. Rudkin
WA
1864–1931
1923–1931
Harding
death
8
Wallace McCamant
OR
1867–1944
1925–1926
Coolidge
not confirmed
9
Frank Sigel Dietrich
ID
1863–1930
1927–1930
Coolidge
death
10
Curtis D. Wilbur
CA
1867–1954
1929–1945
1945–1954
Hoover
death
11
William Henry Sawtelle
AZ
1868–1934
1931–1934
Hoover
death
12
Francis Arthur Garrecht
WA
1870–1948
1933–1948
F. Roosevelt
death
13
William Denman
CA
1872–1959
1935–1957
1948–1957
1957–1959
F. Roosevelt
death
14
Clifton Mathews
AZ
1880–1962
1935–1953
1953–1962
F. Roosevelt
death
15
Bert E. Haney
OR
1879–1943
1935–1943
F. Roosevelt
death
16
Albert Lee Stephens Sr.
CA
1874–1965
1937–1961
1957–1959
1961–1965
F. Roosevelt
death
17
William Healy
ID
1881–1962
1937–1958
1958–1962
F. Roosevelt
death
18
Homer Bone
WA
1883–1970
1944–1956
1956–1970
F. Roosevelt
death
19
William Edwin Orr
NV
1881–1965
1945–1956
1956–1965
Truman
death
20
Walter Lyndon Pope
MT
1889–1969
1949–1961
1959
1961–1969
Truman
death
21
Dal Millington Lemmon
CA
1887–1958
1954–1958
Eisenhower
death
22
Richard Harvey Chambers
AZ
1906–1994
1954–1976
1959–1976
1976–1994
Eisenhower
death
23
James Alger Fee
OR
1888–1959
1954–1959
Eisenhower
death
24
Stanley Barnes
CA
1900–1990
1956–1970
1970–1990
Eisenhower
death
25
Frederick George Hamley
WA
1903–1975
1956–1971
1971–1975
Eisenhower
death
26
Oliver Deveta Hamlin Jr.
CA
1892–1973
1958–1963
1963–1973
Eisenhower
death
27
Gilbert H. Jertberg
CA
1897–1973
1958–1967
1967–1973
Eisenhower
death
28
Charles Merton Merrill
NV
1907–1996
1959–1974
1974–1996
Eisenhower
death
29
Montgomery Oliver Koelsch
ID
1912–1992
1959–1976
1976–1992
Eisenhower
death
30
James R. Browning
CA
1918–2012
1961–2000
1976–1988
2000–2012
Kennedy
death
31
Benjamin C. Duniway
CA
1907–1986
1961–1976
1976–1986
Kennedy
death
32
Walter Raleigh Ely Jr.
CA
1913–1984
1964–1979
1979–1984
L. Johnson
death
33
James Marshall Carter
CA
1904–1979
1967–1971
1971–1979
L. Johnson
death
34
Shirley Hufstedler
CA
1925–2016
1968–1979
L. Johnson
resignation
35
Eugene Allen Wright
WA
1913–2002
1969–1983
1983–2002
Nixon
death
36
John Kilkenny
OR
1901–1995
1969–1971
1971–1995
Nixon
death
37
Ozell Miller Trask
AZ
1909–1984
1969–1979
1979–1984
Nixon
death
38
Herbert Choy
HI
1916–2004
1971–1984
1984–2004
Nixon
death
39
Alfred Goodwin
CA
1923–2022
1971–1991
1988–1991
1991–2022
Nixon
death
41
Joseph Tyree Sneed III
CA
1920–2008
1973–1987
1987–2008
Nixon
death
42
Anthony Kennedy
CA
1936–present
1975–1988
Ford
elevation to Supreme Court
43
J. Blaine Anderson
ID
1922–1988
1976–1988
Ford
death
44
Procter Ralph Hug Jr.
NV
1931–2019
1977–2002
1996–2000
2002–2017
Carter
retirement
45
Thomas Tang
AZ
1922–1995
1977–1993
1993–1995
Carter
death
46
Betty Binns Fletcher
WA
1923–2012
1979–1998
1998–2012
Carter
death
48
Otto Richard Skopil Jr.
OR
1919–2012
1979–1986
1986–2012
Carter
death
49
Jerome Farris
WA
1930–2020
1979–1995
1995–2020
Carter
death
50
Arthur Alarcón
CA
1925–2015
1979–1992
1992–2015
Carter
death
51
Harry Pregerson
CA
1923–2017
1979–2015
2015–2017
Carter
death
· Chief judges
Denman
Denman
Chief Judge
Denman
Chief Judge
1948–1957
Stephens, Sr.
Stephens, Sr.
Chief Judge
Stephens, Sr.
Chief Judge
1957–1959
Pope
Pope
Chief Judge
Pope
Chief Judge
1959
Chambers
Chambers
Chief Judge
Chambers
Chief Judge
1959–1976
Browning
Browning
Chief Judge
Browning
Chief Judge
1976–1988
Goodwin
Goodwin
Chief Judge
Goodwin
Chief Judge
1988–1991
Wallace
Wallace
Chief Judge
Wallace
Chief Judge
1991–1996
Hug, Jr.
Hug, Jr.
Chief Judge
Hug, Jr.
Chief Judge
1996–2000
Schroeder
Schroeder
Chief Judge
Schroeder
Chief Judge
2000–2007
Kozinski
Kozinski
Chief Judge
Kozinski
Chief Judge
2007–2014
S.R. Thomas
S.R. Thomas
Chief Judge
S.R. Thomas
Chief Judge
2014–2021
Murguia
Murguia
Chief Judge
Murguia
Chief Judge
2021–present
Chief Judge
Denman
1948–1957
Stephens, Sr.
1957–1959
Pope
1959
Chambers
1959–1976
Browning
1976–1988
Goodwin
1988–1991
Wallace
1991–1996
Hug, Jr.
1996–2000
Schroeder
2000–2007
Kozinski
2007–2014
Thomas
2014–2021
Murguia
2021–present
Established on December 10, 1869 by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Ninth Circuit
Established on December 10, 1869 by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Ninth Circuit
Seat 1
Established on December 10, 1869 by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Ninth Circuit
Reassigned to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Reassigned to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Seat 1
Reassigned to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Sawyer
Sawyer
Seat 1
Sawyer
Seat 1
CA
Seat 1
1891
McKenna
McKenna
Seat 1
McKenna
Seat 1
CA
Seat 1
1892–1897
Morrow
Morrow
Seat 1
Morrow
Seat 1
CA
Seat 1
1897–1923
Rudkin
Rudkin
Seat 1
Rudkin
Seat 1
WA
Seat 1
1923–1931
Garrecht
Garrecht
Seat 1
Garrecht
Seat 1
WA
Seat 1
1933–1948
Pope
Pope
Seat 1
Pope
Seat 1
MT
Seat 1
1949–1961
Browning
Browning
Seat 1
Browning
Seat 1
MT
Seat 1
1961–2000
Ikuta
Ikuta
Seat 1
Ikuta
Seat 1
CA
Seat 1
2006–present
Seat 1
Established on December 10, 1869 by the Judiciary Act of 1869 as a circuit judgeship for the Ninth Circuit
Reassigned to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Sawyer
CA
1891
McKenna
CA
1892–1897
Morrow
CA
1897–1923
Rudkin
WA
1923–1931
Garrecht
WA
1933–1948
Pope
MT
1949–1961
Browning
MT
1961–2000
Ikuta
CA
2006–present
Established on June 16, 1891 by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Established on June 16, 1891 by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Seat 2
Established on June 16, 1891 by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Gilbert
Gilbert
Seat 2
Gilbert
Seat 2
OR
Seat 2
1892–1931
Denman
Denman
Seat 2
Denman
Seat 2
CA
Seat 2
1935–1957
Hamlin Jr.
Hamlin Jr.
Seat 2
Hamlin Jr.
Seat 2
CA
Seat 2
1958–1963
Ely Jr.
Ely Jr.
Seat 2
Ely Jr.
Seat 2
CA
Seat 2
1964–1979
Norris
Norris
Seat 2
Norris
Seat 2
CA
Seat 2
1980–1994
W. Fletcher
W. Fletcher
Seat 2
W. Fletcher
Seat 2
CA
Seat 2
1998–2022
H.A. Thomas
H.A. Thomas
Seat 2
H.A. Thomas
Seat 2
CA
Seat 2
2022–present
Seat 2
Established on June 16, 1891 by the Judiciary Act of 1891
Gilbert
OR
1892–1931
Denman
CA
1935–1957
Hamlin Jr.
CA
1958–1963
Ely Jr.
CA
1964–1979
Norris
CA
1980–1994
W. Fletcher
CA
1998–2022
Thomas
CA
2022–present
Established on February 18, 1895 by 28 Stat. 665
Established on February 18, 1895 by 28 Stat. 665
Seat 3
Established on February 18, 1895 by 28 Stat. 665
Ross
Ross
Seat 3
Ross
Seat 3
CA
Seat 3
1895–1925
McCamant
McCamant
Seat 3
McCamant
Seat 3
OR
Seat 3
1925–1926
Dietrich
Dietrich
Seat 3
Dietrich
Seat 3
ID
Seat 3
1927–1930
Sawtelle
Sawtelle
Seat 3
Sawtelle
Seat 3
AZ
Seat 3
1931–1934
Mathews
Mathews
Seat 3
Mathews
Seat 3
AZ
Seat 3
1935–1953
Fee
Fee
Seat 3
Fee
Seat 3
OR
Seat 3
1954–1959
Koelsch
Koelsch
Seat 3
Koelsch
Seat 3
ID
Seat 3
1959–1976
Anderson
Anderson
Seat 3
Anderson
Seat 3
ID
Seat 3
1976–1988
T. Nelson
T. Nelson
Seat 3
T. Nelson
Seat 3
ID
Seat 3
1990–2003
N.R. Smith
N.R. Smith
Seat 3
N.R. Smith
Seat 3
ID
Seat 3
2007–2018
R. Nelson
R. Nelson
Seat 3
R. Nelson
Seat 3
ID
Seat 3
2018–present
Seat 3
Established on February 18, 1895 by 28 Stat. 665
Ross
CA
1895–1925
McCamant
OR
1925–1926
Dietrich
ID
1927–1930
Sawtelle
AZ
1931–1934
Mathews
AZ
1935–1953
Fee
OR
1954–1959
Koelsch
ID
1959–1976
Anderson
ID
1976–1988
T. Nelson
ID
1990–2003
Smith
ID
2007–2018
R. Nelson
ID
2018–present
Established as a temporary judgeship on March 1, 1929 by 45 Stat. 1414
Established as a temporary judgeship on March 1, 1929 by 45 Stat. 1414
Seat 4
Established as a temporary judgeship on March 1, 1929 by 45 Stat. 1414
Made permanent on June 16, 1933 by 48 Stat. 310
Made permanent on June 16, 1933 by 48 Stat. 310
Seat 4
Made permanent on June 16, 1933 by 48 Stat. 310
Wilbur
Wilbur
Seat 4
Wilbur
Seat 4
CA
Seat 4
1929–1945
Orr
Orr
Seat 4
Orr
Seat 4
NV
Seat 4
1945–1956
Barnes
Barnes
Seat 4
Barnes
Seat 4
CA
Seat 4
1956–1970
Choy
Choy
Seat 4
Choy
Seat 4
HI
Seat 4
1971–1984
Brunetti
Brunetti
Seat 4
Brunetti
Seat 4
NV
Seat 4
1985–1999
Rawlinson
Rawlinson
Seat 4
Rawlinson
Seat 4
NV
Seat 4
2000–present
Seat 4
Established as a temporary judgeship on March 1, 1929 by 45 Stat. 1414
Made permanent on June 16, 1933 by 48 Stat. 310
Wilbur
CA
1929–1945
Orr
NV
1945–1956
Barnes
CA
1956–1970
Choy
HI
1971–1984
Brunetti
NV
1985–1999
Rawlinson
NV
2000–present
Established on August 2, 1935 by 49 Stat. 508
Established on August 2, 1935 by 49 Stat. 508
Seat 5
Established on August 2, 1935 by 49 Stat. 508
Haney
Haney
Seat 5
Haney
Seat 5
OR
Seat 5
1935–1943
Bone
Bone
Seat 5
Bone
Seat 5
WA
Seat 5
1944–1956
Hamley
Hamley
Seat 5
Hamley
Seat 5
WA
Seat 5
1956–1971
Sneed III
Sneed III
Seat 5
Sneed III
Seat 5
CA
Seat 5
1973–1987
Trott
Trott
Seat 5
Trott
Seat 5
CA/ID
Seat 5
1988–2004
Owens
Owens
Seat 5
Owens
Seat 5
CA
Seat 5
2014–present
Seat 5
Established on August 2, 1935 by 49 Stat. 508
Haney
OR
1935–1943
Bone
WA
1944–1956
Hamley
WA
1956–1971
Sneed III
CA
1973–1987
Trott
CA/ID
1988–2004
Owens
CA
2014–present
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Seat 6
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Stephens Sr.
Stephens Sr.
Seat 6
Stephens Sr.
Seat 6
CA
Seat 6
1937–1961
Duniway
Duniway
Seat 6
Duniway
Seat 6
CA
Seat 6
1961–1976
Hug Jr.
Hug Jr.
Seat 6
Hug Jr.
Seat 6
NV
Seat 6
1977–2002
Bybee
Bybee
Seat 6
Bybee
Seat 6
NV
Seat 6
2003–2019
VanDyke
VanDyke
Seat 6
VanDyke
Seat 6
NV
Seat 6
2020–present
Seat 6
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Stephens Sr.
CA
1937–1961
Duniway
CA
1961–1976
Hug Jr.
NV
1977–2002
Bybee
NV
2003–2019
VanDyke
NV
2020–present
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Seat 7
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Healy
Healy
Seat 7
Healy
Seat 7
ID
Seat 7
1937–1958
Merrill
Merrill
Seat 7
Merrill
Seat 7
NV
Seat 7
1959–1974
Kennedy
Kennedy
Seat 7
Kennedy
Seat 7
CA
Seat 7
1975–1988
Rymer
Rymer
Seat 7
Rymer
Seat 7
CA
Seat 7
1989–2011
Watford
Watford
Seat 7
Watford
Seat 7
CA
Seat 7
2012–2023
de Alba
de Alba
Seat 7
de Alba
Seat 7
CA
Seat 7
2023–present
Seat 7
Established on April 14, 1937 by 50 Stat. 64
Healy
ID
1937–1958
Merrill
NV
1959–1974
Kennedy
CA
1975–1988
Rymer
CA
1989–2011
Watford
CA
2012–2023
de Alba
CA
2023–present
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Seat 8
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Lemmon
Lemmon
Seat 8
Lemmon
Seat 8
CA
Seat 8
1954–1958
Jertberg
Jertberg
Seat 8
Jertberg
Seat 8
CA
Seat 8
1958–1967
Carter
Carter
Seat 8
Carter
Seat 8
CA
Seat 8
1967–1971
Wallace
Wallace
Seat 8
Wallace
Seat 8
CA
Seat 8
1972–1996
Wardlaw
Wardlaw
Seat 8
Wardlaw
Seat 8
CA
Seat 8
1998–present
Seat 8
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Lemmon
CA
1954–1958
Jertberg
CA
1958–1967
Carter
CA
1967–1971
Wallace
CA
1972–1996
Wardlaw
CA
1998–present
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Seat 9
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Chambers
Chambers
Seat 9
Chambers
Seat 9
AZ
Seat 9
1954–1976
Tang
Tang
Seat 9
Tang
Seat 9
AZ
Seat 9
1977–1993
Hawkins
Hawkins
Seat 9
Hawkins
Seat 9
AZ
Seat 9
1994–2010
Murguia
Murguia
Seat 9
Murguia
Seat 9
AZ
Seat 9
2011–present
Seat 9
Established on February 10, 1954 by 68 Stat. 871
Chambers
AZ
1954–1976
Tang
AZ
1977–1993
Hawkins
AZ
1994–2010
Murguia
AZ
2011–present
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Seat 10
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Hufstedler
Hufstedler
Seat 10
Hufstedler
Seat 10
CA
Seat 10
1968–1979
Boochever
Boochever
Seat 10
Boochever
Seat 10
AK
Seat 10
1980–1986
O'Scannlain
O'Scannlain
Seat 10
O'Scannlain
Seat 10
OR
Seat 10
1986–2016
Forrest
Forrest
Seat 10
Forrest
Seat 10
OR
Seat 10
2019–present
Seat 10
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Hufstedler
CA
1968–1979
Boochever
AK
1980–1986
O'Scannlain
OR
1986–2016
Forrest
OR
2019–present
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Seat 11
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Wright
Wright
Seat 11
Wright
Seat 11
WA
Seat 11
1969–1983
Beezer
Beezer
Seat 11
Beezer
Seat 11
WA
Seat 11
1984–1996
Gould
Gould
Seat 11
Gould
Seat 11
WA
Seat 11
1999–present
Seat 11
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Wright
WA
1969–1983
Beezer
WA
1984–1996
Gould
WA
1999–present
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Seat 12
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Kilkenny
Kilkenny
Seat 12
Kilkenny
Seat 12
OR
Seat 12
1969–1971
Goodwin
Goodwin
Seat 12
Goodwin
Seat 12
OR
Seat 12
1971–1991
Kleinfeld
Kleinfeld
Seat 12
Kleinfeld
Seat 12
AK
Seat 12
1991–2010
Christen
Christen
Seat 12
Christen
Seat 12
AK
Seat 12
2011–present
Seat 12
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Kilkenny
OR
1969–1971
Goodwin
OR
1971–1991
Kleinfeld
AK
1991–2010
Christen
AK
2011–present
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Seat 13
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Trask
Trask
Seat 13
Trask
Seat 13
AZ
Seat 13
1969–1979
Canby
Canby
Seat 13
Canby
Seat 13
AZ
Seat 13
1980–1996
Silverman
Silverman
Seat 13
Silverman
Seat 13
AZ
Seat 13
1998–2016
Bade
Bade
Seat 13
Bade
Seat 13
AZ
Seat 13
2019–present
Seat 13
Established on June 18, 1968 by 82 Stat. 184
Trask
AZ
1969–1979
Canby
AZ
1980–1996
Silverman
AZ
1998–2016
Bade
AZ
2019–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 14
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Schroeder
Schroeder
Seat 14
Schroeder
Seat 14
AZ
Seat 14
1979–2011
Hurwitz
Hurwitz
Seat 14
Hurwitz
Seat 14
AZ
Seat 14
2012–2022
Desai
Desai
Seat 14
Desai
Seat 14
AZ
Seat 14
2022–present
Seat 14
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Schroeder
AZ
1979–2011
Hurwitz
AZ
2012–2022
Desai
AZ
2022–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 15
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Skopil Jr.
Skopil Jr.
Seat 15
Skopil Jr.
Seat 15
OR
Seat 15
1979–1986
Leavy
Leavy
Seat 15
Leavy
Seat 15
OR
Seat 15
1987–1997
Graber
Graber
Seat 15
Graber
Seat 15
OR
Seat 15
1998–2021
Sung
Sung
Seat 15
Sung
Seat 15
OR
Seat 15
2021–present
Seat 15
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Skopil Jr.
OR
1979–1986
Leavy
OR
1987–1997
Graber
OR
1998–2021
Sung
OR
2021–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 16
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
B. Fletcher
B. Fletcher
Seat 16
B. Fletcher
Seat 16
WA
Seat 16
1979–1998
Tallman
Tallman
Seat 16
Tallman
Seat 16
WA
Seat 16
2000–2018
Miller
Miller
Seat 16
Miller
Seat 16
WA
Seat 16
2019–present
Seat 16
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
B. Fletcher
WA
1979–1998
Tallman
WA
2000–2018
Miller
WA
2019–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 17
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Farris
Farris
Seat 17
Farris
Seat 17
WA
Seat 17
1979–1995
McKeown
McKeown
Seat 17
McKeown
Seat 17
WA/CA
Seat 17
1998–2022
Mendoza Jr.
Mendoza Jr.
Seat 17
Mendoza Jr.
Seat 17
WA
Seat 17
2022–present
Seat 17
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Farris
WA
1979–1995
McKeown
WA/CA
1998–2022
Mendoza Jr.
WA
2022–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 18
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Alarcón
Alarcón
Seat 18
Alarcón
Seat 18
CA
Seat 18
1979–1992
Tashima
Tashima
Seat 18
Tashima
Seat 18
CA
Seat 18
1996–2004
M.D. Smith
M.D. Smith
Seat 18
M.D. Smith
Seat 18
CA
Seat 18
2006–present
Seat 18
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Alarcón
CA
1979–1992
Tashima
CA
1996–2004
Smith
CA
2006–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 19
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Pregerson
Pregerson
Seat 19
Pregerson
Seat 19
CA
Seat 19
1979–2015
Collins
Collins
Seat 19
Collins
Seat 19
CA
Seat 19
2019–present
Seat 19
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Pregerson
CA
1979–2015
Collins
CA
2019–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 20
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Ferguson
Ferguson
Seat 20
Ferguson
Seat 20
CA
Seat 20
1979–1986
Fernandez
Fernandez
Seat 20
Fernandez
Seat 20
CA
Seat 20
1989–2002
Callahan
Callahan
Seat 20
Callahan
Seat 20
CA
Seat 20
2003–present
Seat 20
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Ferguson
CA
1979–1986
Fernandez
CA
1989–2002
Callahan
CA
2003–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 21
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Poole
Poole
Seat 21
Poole
Seat 21
CA
Seat 21
1979–1996
Paez
Paez
Seat 21
Paez
Seat 21
CA
Seat 21
2000–2021
Koh
Koh
Seat 21
Koh
Seat 21
CA
Seat 21
2021–present
Seat 21
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Poole
CA
1979–1996
Paez
CA
2000–2021
Koh
CA
2021–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 22
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
D. Nelson
D. Nelson
Seat 22
D. Nelson
Seat 22
CA
Seat 22
1979–1995
S.R. Thomas
S.R. Thomas
Seat 22
S.R. Thomas
Seat 22
MT
Seat 22
1996–2023
Johnstone
Johnstone
Seat 22
Johnstone
Seat 22
MT
Seat 22
2023–present
Seat 22
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
D. Nelson
CA
1979–1995
Thomas
MT
1996–2023
Johnstone
MT
2023–present
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Seat 23
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Reinhardt
Reinhardt
Seat 23
Reinhardt
Seat 23
CA
Seat 23
1980–2018
Lee
Lee
Seat 23
Lee
Seat 23
CA
Seat 23
2019–present
Seat 23
Established on October 20, 1978 by 92 Stat. 1629
Reinhardt
CA
1980–2018
Lee
CA
2019–present
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Seat 24
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Wiggins
Wiggins
Seat 24
Wiggins
Seat 24
CA
Seat 24
1984–1996
Bea
Bea
Seat 24
Bea
Seat 24
CA
Seat 24
2003–2019
Bumatay
Bumatay
Seat 24
Bumatay
Seat 24
CA
Seat 24
2019–present
Seat 24
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Wiggins
CA
1984–1996
Bea
CA
2003–2019
Bumatay
CA
2019–present
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Seat 25
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Hall
Hall
Seat 25
Hall
Seat 25
CA
Seat 25
1984–1997
Clifton
Clifton
Seat 25
Clifton
Seat 25
HI
Seat 25
2002–2016
Bennett
Bennett
Seat 25
Bennett
Seat 25
HI
Seat 25
2018–present
Seat 25
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Hall
CA
1984–1997
Clifton
HI
2002–2016
Bennett
HI
2018–present
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Seat 26
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Kozinski
Kozinski
Seat 26
Kozinski
Seat 26
CA
Seat 26
1985–2017
Bress
Bress
Seat 26
Bress
Seat 26
CA
Seat 26
2019–present
Seat 26
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Kozinski
CA
1985–2017
Bress
CA
2019–present
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Seat 27
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Thompson
Thompson
Seat 27
Thompson
Seat 27
CA
Seat 27
1985–1998
Fisher
Fisher
Seat 27
Fisher
Seat 27
CA
Seat 27
1999–2013
Friedland
Friedland
Seat 27
Friedland
Seat 27
CA
Seat 27
2014–present
Seat 27
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Thompson
CA
1985–1998
Fisher
CA
1999–2013
Friedland
CA
2014–present
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Seat 28
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Noonan, Jr.
Noonan, Jr.
Seat 28
Noonan, Jr.
Seat 28
CA
Seat 28
1985–1996
Berzon
Berzon
Seat 28
Berzon
Seat 28
CA
Seat 28
2000–2022
Sanchez
Sanchez
Seat 28
Sanchez
Seat 28
CA
Seat 28
2022–present
Seat 28
Established on July 10, 1984 by 98 Stat. 333
Noonan, Jr.
CA
1985–1996
Berzon
CA
2000–2022
Sanchez
CA
2022–present
Established on January 21, 2009 by 121 Stat. 2543
Established on January 21, 2009 by 121 Stat. 2543
Seat 29
Established on January 21, 2009 by 121 Stat. 2543
Nguyen
Nguyen
Seat 29
Nguyen
Seat 29
CA
Seat 29
2012–present
Seat 29
Established on January 21, 2009 by 121 Stat. 2543
Nguyen
CA
2012–present

References

  1. The population of China is not included in the chart for 1912 or 1940, since the Court for China lacked plenary jurisdic
  2. Sawyer was appointed as a circuit judge for the Ninth Circuit in 1869 by Ulysses S. Grant. The Judiciary Act of 1891 rea
  3. Hunt did not have a permanent seat on this court. Instead, he was appointed to the ill-fated United States Commerce Cou
  4. Recess appointment not confirmed
  5. President Coolidge first nominated Wilbur for the judgeship in the final days of his presidency, but the Senate failed t
  6. American Samoa: Issues Associated with Some Federal Court Options
    https://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-08-1124T
  7. Rugged justice: the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and the American West, 1891–1941
  8. See, e.g., Republic of China v. Merchants' Fire Ass'n of N.Y., 49 F.2d 862 (9th Cir. 1931). As the court noted, this biz
  9. The American Colonial State in the Philippines: Global Perspectives
    https://books.google.com/books?id=_wJ9tnBsi2YC&pg=PA7
  10. Kepner v. United States, 195 U.S. 100 (1904).
    https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/195/100/
  11. White v. Samsung Elec. Am., Inc., 989 F.2d 1512, 1521 (9th Cir. 1993) (Kozinski, J., dissenting). Archived from the orig
    https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=15763501998860364615
  12. Kleinfeld, Andrew J. (May 22, 1998). "RE: Splitting the Ninth Circuit". Retrieved June 21, 2005.
    http://www.library.unt.edu/gpo/csafca/hearings/submitted/KLEINFEL.htm
  13. Landslide
    https://ipo.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Supremecourtreversalrates.pdf
  14. PolitiFact
    http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/statements/2017/feb/10/sean-hannity/no-9th-circuit-isnt-most-overturned-court-country-
  15. Farris, Jerome, The Ninth Circuit—Most Maligned Circuit in the Country Fact or Fiction? 58 Ohio St. L.J. 1465 (1997) (no
  16. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/local/la-xpm-2011-jul-18-la-me-ninth-circuit-scorecard-20110718-story.html
  17. United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary
    https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/07-31-18%20Fitzpatrick%20Testimony.pdf
  18. New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/26/us/politics/fact-check-trump-ninth-circuit.html
  19. Engage
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150924011410/http://www.fed-soc.org/Publications/Engage/Oct+05.pdf
  20. George Mason Law Review
    https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/gmlr26&i=1353
  21. Rule 35–3 http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/uploads/rules/frap.pdf
    http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/uploads/rules/frap.pdf
  22. "Statement of Circuit Judge Alex Kozinski to the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Courts"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120926114549/http://judiciary.house.gov/legacy/kozinski102103.htm
  23. Engage
    https://online.wsj.com/public/resources/documents/wsj_court_united.pdf
  24. America and the Courts
    https://www.c-span.org/video/?197182-1/america-courts
  25. law.duke.edu
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110306021624/http://www.law.duke.edu/shell/cite.pl?47+Duke+L.+J.+351+pdf
  26. Final Report, Commission on Structural Alternatives for the Federal Courts of Appeals, December 18, 1998
  27. Testimony of Circuit Judge Richard Tallman: U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Archived November 13, 2013, at t
    http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/hearings/testimony.cfm?id=e655f9e2809e5476862f735da10bb4f9&wit_id=e655f9e2809e5476862f735da10bb4f9-1-2
  28. Govtrack.us S. 525—110th Congress (2007): Circuit Court of Appeals Restructuring and Modernization Act of 2007 (database
    https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=s110-525
  29. Govtrack.us; retrieved February 27, 2021,
    https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/115/hr196/text
  30. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/legal/government/trump-gains-first-new-appellate-court-vacancy-with-9th-circuit-seat-2025-03-17/
  31. www.congress.gov
    https://www.congress.gov/nomination/119th-congress/400/3
  32. "Wilbur Nominated for Judge Post", Woodland Daily Democrat, March 1, 1929 at p. 1 (noting, as the Coolidge Administratio
  33. "Sentence Cut Out by Hoover", Oakland Tribune, 1929-03-04, Section D, p. 1 (noting that the Wilbur nomination was not ac
  34. 28 U.S.C. § 45
    https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/28/45
  35. 62 Stat. 871, 72 Stat. 497, 96 Stat. 51
    https://legislink.org/us/stat-62-871
  36. Court Security Improvement Act of 2007, Pub. L. 110–177 § 509(a)(2), 121 Stat. 2534, 2543, January 7, 2008
    http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=110_cong_public_laws&docid=f:publ177.110.pdf
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