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Tumbler Ridge

Updated: 12/11/2025, 4:52:35 PM Wikipedia source

Tumbler Ridge is a district municipality in the foothills of the B.C. Rockies in northeastern British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Peace River Regional District. With a population of 2,399 (2021) living in a townsite, the municipality encompasses an area of 1,558 km2 (602 sq mi) of mostly Crown land. The townsite is located near the confluence of the Murray River and Flatbed Creek and the intersection of Highway 52 and Highway 29 and includes the site of the Tumbler Ridge Secondary School and Tumbler Ridge Airport. The municipality is part of the Peace River South provincial electoral district and the Prince George—Peace River—Northern Rockies federal riding. Tumbler Ridge is a planned community, with the housing and infrastructure built simultaneously in 1981 by the provincial government to service the coal industry as part of the British Columbia Resources Investment Corporation's Northeast Coal Development. In 1981, a consortium of Japanese steel mills agreed to purchase 100 million tonnes of coal over 15 years for US$7.5 billion from two mining companies, Denison Mines Inc. and the Teck Corporation, who were to operate the Quintette mine and the Bullmoose mine respectively. The uncertainty dissuaded investment and kept the economy from diversifying. When price reductions were forced onto the mines, the Quintette mine was closed in 2000 production and the town lost about half its population. Coal prices began to rise after the turn of the century, leading to the opening of the Peace River Coal Trend mine by Northern Energy & Mining Inc. (now owned by Anglo American Met Coal) and the Wolverine Mine, originally owned by Western Canadian Coal, which was purchased by Walter Energy in 2010. Walter went bankrupt in 2015, and their Canadian assets—including the Wolverine Mine—were purchased by Conuma Coal in 2016. After dinosaur footprints and fossils were discovered in the municipality, along with fossils of Triassic fishes and Cretaceous plants, the Peace Region Paleontology Research Center opened in 2003, followed by a dinosaur museum. The study of the area led to a recognition of its geological importance and listing in the UNESCO Global Geopark Network. Nearby recreational destinations include numerous trails, mountains, waterfalls, snowmobiling areas and provincial parks, such as Monkman Provincial Park, Bearhole Lake Provincial Park, and Gwillim Lake Provincial Park.

Infobox

Country
Canada
Province
British Columbia
Regional District
Peace River
Incorporated
April 9, 1981 (district)
• Mayor
Darryl Krakowka
• Governing body
Tumbler Ridge District Council
• MP
Bob Zimmer
• MLA
Larry Neufeld
• Total
2,399
Elevation
830 m (2,720 ft)
• Density
1.53979/km2 (3.9880/sq mi)
Time zone
UTC−7 (MST)
Postal code span
V0C 2W0
Area code
250/778/236
Website
www.visittumblerridge.ca

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Month
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Jan
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Feb
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Mar
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Apr
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
May
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Jun
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Jul
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Aug
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Sep
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Oct
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Nov
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Dec
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Year
Record high °C (°F)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
13.0(55.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
13.0(55.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
15.0(59.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
21.0(69.8)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
31.0(87.8)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
30.0(86.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
30.5(86.9)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
30.5(86.9)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
32.5(90.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
23.0(73.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
13.0(55.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
17.0(62.6)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
32.5(90.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−3.4(25.9)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−2.0(28.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.3(32.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
6.7(44.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
12.4(54.3)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
16.3(61.3)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
18.9(66.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
18.3(64.9)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
12.9(55.2)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
6.3(43.3)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−1.0(30.2)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−3.1(26.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
6.9(44.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−8.0(17.6)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−6.6(20.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−4.2(24.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
1.7(35.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
6.9(44.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
11.0(51.8)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
13.3(55.9)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
12.8(55.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
8.2(46.8)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
2.5(36.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−4.7(23.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−7.4(18.7)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
2.1(35.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−12.6(9.3)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−11.2(11.8)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−8.7(16.3)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−3.4(25.9)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
1.5(34.7)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
5.6(42.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
7.8(46.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
7.2(45.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
3.4(38.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−1.2(29.8)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−8.5(16.7)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−11.6(11.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−2.6(27.2)
Record low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−39.5(−39.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−38.0(−36.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−34.0(−29.2)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−24.0(−11.2)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−15.0(5.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−2.0(28.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−0.5(31.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−3.0(26.6)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−8.0(17.6)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−27.5(−17.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−42.5(−44.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−36.5(−33.7)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
−42.5(−44.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
69.1(2.72)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
49.8(1.96)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
49.6(1.95)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
37.1(1.46)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
45.0(1.77)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
94.2(3.71)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
91.2(3.59)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
72.3(2.85)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
65.8(2.59)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
82.8(3.26)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
81.5(3.21)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
54.4(2.14)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
792.7(31.21)
Average snowfall cm (inches)
Average snowfall cm (inches)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Average snowfall cm (inches)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
63.9(25.2)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
43.1(17.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
43.8(17.2)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
24.4(9.6)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
6.3(2.5)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.3(0.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.0(0.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.9(0.4)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
5.9(2.3)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
31.9(12.6)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
66.4(26.1)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
48.3(19.0)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
335.2(132)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
13.2
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
10.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
10.2
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
8.3
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
10.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
14.0
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
14.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
13.6
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
14.4
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
16.1
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
15.0
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
11.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
151.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
12.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
9.7
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
9.1
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
5.4
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
1.7
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.1
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.0
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
0.2
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
1.8
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
7.3
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
12.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
10.5
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
70.8
Source: Environment Canada
Source: Environment Canada
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Source: Environment Canada
Climate data for Bullmoose, British Columbia (1981-2010): 1102m
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
13.0(55.4)
13.0(55.4)
15.0(59.0)
21.0(69.8)
31.0(87.8)
30.0(86.0)
30.5(86.9)
30.5(86.9)
32.5(90.5)
23.0(73.4)
13.0(55.4)
17.0(62.6)
32.5(90.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
−3.4(25.9)
−2.0(28.4)
0.3(32.5)
6.7(44.1)
12.4(54.3)
16.3(61.3)
18.9(66.0)
18.3(64.9)
12.9(55.2)
6.3(43.3)
−1.0(30.2)
−3.1(26.4)
6.9(44.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)
−8.0(17.6)
−6.6(20.1)
−4.2(24.4)
1.7(35.1)
6.9(44.4)
11.0(51.8)
13.3(55.9)
12.8(55.0)
8.2(46.8)
2.5(36.5)
−4.7(23.5)
−7.4(18.7)
2.1(35.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
−12.6(9.3)
−11.2(11.8)
−8.7(16.3)
−3.4(25.9)
1.5(34.7)
5.6(42.1)
7.8(46.0)
7.2(45.0)
3.4(38.1)
−1.2(29.8)
−8.5(16.7)
−11.6(11.1)
−2.6(27.2)
Record low °C (°F)
−39.5(−39.1)
−38.0(−36.4)
−34.0(−29.2)
−24.0(−11.2)
−15.0(5.0)
−2.0(28.4)
−0.5(31.1)
−3.0(26.6)
−8.0(17.6)
−27.5(−17.5)
−42.5(−44.5)
−36.5(−33.7)
−42.5(−44.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
69.1(2.72)
49.8(1.96)
49.6(1.95)
37.1(1.46)
45.0(1.77)
94.2(3.71)
91.2(3.59)
72.3(2.85)
65.8(2.59)
82.8(3.26)
81.5(3.21)
54.4(2.14)
792.7(31.21)
Average snowfall cm (inches)
63.9(25.2)
43.1(17.0)
43.8(17.2)
24.4(9.6)
6.3(2.5)
0.3(0.1)
0.0(0.0)
0.9(0.4)
5.9(2.3)
31.9(12.6)
66.4(26.1)
48.3(19.0)
335.2(132)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm)
13.2
10.5
10.2
8.3
10.5
14.0
14.5
13.6
14.4
16.1
15.0
11.5
151.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm)
12.5
9.7
9.1
5.4
1.7
0.1
0.0
0.2
1.8
7.3
12.5
10.5
70.8
Source: Environment Canada
Tumbler Ridge federal election results[79]
2019
2019
Year
2019
Year
7%
Liberal
86
Liberal
73%
Conservative
844
Conservative
7%
New Democratic
84
New Democratic
4%
Green
43
Year
Liberal
Conservative
New Democratic
Green
2021
5%
58
66%
732
12%
136
2%
26
2019
7%
86
73%
844
7%
84
4%
43
Tumbler Ridge provincial election results[80]
2017
2017
Year
2017
Year
24%
New Democratic
149
New Democratic
76%
Liberal
461
Liberal
0%
Conservative
0
Conservative
0%
Green
0
Year
New Democratic
Liberal
Conservative
Green
2024
6%
27
0%
0
70%
325
0%
0
2020
14%
95
56%
390
28%
230
0%
0
2017
24%
149
76%
461
0%
0
0%
0

References

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    https://web.archive.org/web/20140713004716/http://www.cscd.gov.bc.ca/lgd/infra/library/Name%20Incorp%202011.xls
  2. "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population"
    https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
  3. BC Stats, Community Facts, 2006.
  4. "Walter Energy seals $3.3 billion Western Coal buy"
    https://www.reuters.com/article/us-walterenergy-westerncoal-idUSTRE6B21T220101203
  5. Vancouver Sun
    https://vancouversun.com/business/local-business/walter-energys-b-c-coal-mines-bought-by-new-u-s-entity
  6. Helm (2001), 67
  7. Helm (2001), 68–69
  8. Helm (2000), 45.
  9. Helm (2000), 49, 76.
  10. Helm (2000), 76.
  11. Halseth (2002), 38–39.
  12. Thompson et al. (1978), 25.
  13. Thompson et al. (1978), 32
  14. "Tumbler Ridge looks ready for the builders", Alaska Highway News, December 30, 1981.
  15. Halseth (2002), 86.
  16. BC Stats, Municipal Census Populations, 1986–1996.
  17. Halseth (2002).
  18. "More layoffs in northeast B.C.", CBC News, June 24, 1999.
  19. BC Stats, Municipal Census Populations, 1996–2006.
  20. Gunton, 505.
  21. 1984 & 1985 figures from Halseth (2002), 86.
  22. "Tumbler Ridge gets $6-million bail out", CBC News, October 27, 2000.
  23. Halseth (2002), 182, 192.
  24. Toronto Star
    https://www.thestar.com/life/travel/dinosaur-hunting-in-tumbler-ridge/article_61cf0d9a-edc9-52b2-92dd-688acdf75b4d.html
  25. Energetic city
    https://energeticcity.ca/2017/08/02/tumbler-ridge-museum-foundation-peace-region-palaeontology-research-centre-receive-canada-150-funding/
  26. Ministry of Environment, July 6, 2006.
  27. Environmental Assessment Office, June 9, 2006.
  28. Western Canadian Coal, October 2003.
  29. Tumbler Ridge News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20151208071230/http://tumblerridgenews.com/temporary-layoffs-for-415-people-at-wolverine-and-280-employees-at-brazion-effective-immediately/
  30. Tumbler Ridge News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160112045557/http://tumblerridgenews.com/prc-winding-down-by-end-of-the-year/
  31. Journal of Rural & Community Development
  32. Tumbler Ridge News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160112045557/http://tumblerridgenews.com/the-best-thing-to-happen-to-tumbler-ridge-since-coal/
  33. CBC News
    https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/tumbler-ridge-evacuation-order-1.6870478
  34. www12.statcan.gc.ca
    https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Tumbler%20Ridge&DGUIDlist=2021A00055955003&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0
  35. Statistics Canada, 2006 Community Profiles.
  36. Statistics Canada, 2016 Community Profiles.
  37. Thompson et al. (1978), 85.
  38. PLEDA, 76.
  39. Helm (2000), 6.
  40. Thompson et al. (1978), 86–87.
  41. Helm (2001), 349.
  42. Thompson et al. (1978), 86.
  43. "More layoffs in northeast B.C." CBC News, July 4, 2006.
  44. Helm (2000), 5.
  45. Helm (2001), 57–61.
  46. Helm (2001), 53–55, 61–63.
  47. Thompson et al. (1978), 97.
  48. Thompson et al. (1978), 99.
  49. Thompson et al. (1978), 97, 99.
  50. Thompson et al. (1978) 88–89.
  51. Thompson et al. (1978), 95.
  52. Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010
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  53. Reed Construction, 23.
  54. Google Maps
    https://www.google.ca/maps/@55.128143,-120.9947749,2330m/data=!3m1!1e3?entry=ttu&g_ep=EgoyMDI1MDIxNy4wIKXMDSoASAFQAw%3D%3D
  55. Tumbler Ridge (2006), Flying to Tumbler Ridge.
  56. Underhill Geomatics Ltd
    https://underhill.ca/land-survey-project/bc-rail-tumbler-ridge-branch-line/
  57. "Assessment of the Tumbler Ridge Drinking Water Supply"
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