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Tromelin Island

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Tromelin Island

Tromelin Island (; French: Île Tromelin, pronounced [il tʁɔmlɛ̃]), once called the Isle of Sand, is a low, flat island in the Indian Ocean about 500 km (310 mi; 270 nmi) north of Réunion and about 450 km (280 mi; 240 nmi) east of Madagascar. Both France and Mauritius claim sovereignty over the islands, and France includes it in the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean, the fifth district of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands. Tromelin has facilities for scientific expeditions and a weather station. It is a nesting site for birds and green sea turtles.

Infobox

Status
District of French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Official languages
French
• Discovered by Jean Marie Briand de la Feuillée
1722
• French claim to sovereignty
29 November 1776
Currency
Euro (EUR)
ISO 3166 code
TF
Internet TLD
tf

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Month
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Jan
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Feb
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Mar
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Apr
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
May
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Jun
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Jul
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Aug
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Sep
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Oct
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Nov
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Dec
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Year
Record high °C (°F)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
36.3(97.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
34.9(94.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
34.4(93.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
33.3(91.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
31.6(88.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
30.0(86.0)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.5(83.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.8(83.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
29.6(85.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
31.7(89.1)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
33.8(92.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
33.9(93.0)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
36.3(97.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
31.2(88.2)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
31.3(88.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
31.0(87.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
30.3(86.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
29.1(84.4)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
27.4(81.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.4(79.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.6(79.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
27.1(80.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.2(82.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
29.5(85.1)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
30.7(87.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
29.1(84.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.6(83.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.7(83.7)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.6(83.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.0(82.4)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.9(80.4)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
25.3(77.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
24.3(75.7)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
24.3(75.7)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
24.7(76.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
25.7(78.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.9(80.4)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
28.1(82.6)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.7(80.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.0(78.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.2(79.2)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
26.1(79.0)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
25.7(78.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
24.7(76.5)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
23.1(73.6)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
22.1(71.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
22.0(71.6)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
22.3(72.1)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
23.2(73.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
24.3(75.7)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
25.5(77.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
24.3(75.7)
Record low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
20.5(68.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
22.3(72.1)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
20.9(69.6)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
20.8(69.4)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
19.5(67.1)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
18.1(64.6)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
17.4(63.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
17.8(64.0)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
18.0(64.4)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
18.2(64.8)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
19.6(67.3)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
20.5(68.9)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
17.4(63.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
136.0(5.35)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
185.9(7.32)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
155.1(6.11)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
142.7(5.62)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
68.5(2.70)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
60.3(2.37)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
69.2(2.72)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
48.4(1.91)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
50.0(1.97)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
31.8(1.25)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
42.7(1.68)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
83.1(3.27)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
1,073.7(42.27)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
12.9
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
14.0
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
14.2
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
13.0
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
10.4
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
11.2
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
13.6
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
11.4
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
10.1
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
7.4
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
6.1
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
9.4
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
133.6
Source: Météo France
Source: Météo France
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Source: Météo France
Climate data for Tromelin Island (1991–2020 averages, records 1955–present)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
36.3(97.3)
34.9(94.8)
34.4(93.9)
33.3(91.9)
31.6(88.9)
30.0(86.0)
28.5(83.3)
28.8(83.8)
29.6(85.3)
31.7(89.1)
33.8(92.8)
33.9(93.0)
36.3(97.3)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
31.2(88.2)
31.3(88.3)
31.0(87.8)
30.3(86.5)
29.1(84.4)
27.4(81.3)
26.4(79.5)
26.6(79.9)
27.1(80.8)
28.2(82.8)
29.5(85.1)
30.7(87.3)
29.1(84.4)
Daily mean °C (°F)
28.6(83.5)
28.7(83.7)
28.6(83.5)
28.0(82.4)
26.9(80.4)
25.3(77.5)
24.3(75.7)
24.3(75.7)
24.7(76.5)
25.7(78.3)
26.9(80.4)
28.1(82.6)
26.7(80.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
26.0(78.8)
26.2(79.2)
26.1(79.0)
25.7(78.3)
24.7(76.5)
23.1(73.6)
22.1(71.8)
22.0(71.6)
22.3(72.1)
23.2(73.8)
24.3(75.7)
25.5(77.9)
24.3(75.7)
Record low °C (°F)
20.5(68.9)
22.3(72.1)
20.9(69.6)
20.8(69.4)
19.5(67.1)
18.1(64.6)
17.4(63.3)
17.8(64.0)
18.0(64.4)
18.2(64.8)
19.6(67.3)
20.5(68.9)
17.4(63.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
136.0(5.35)
185.9(7.32)
155.1(6.11)
142.7(5.62)
68.5(2.70)
60.3(2.37)
69.2(2.72)
48.4(1.91)
50.0(1.97)
31.8(1.25)
42.7(1.68)
83.1(3.27)
1,073.7(42.27)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
12.9
14.0
14.2
13.0
10.4
11.2
13.6
11.4
10.1
7.4
6.1
9.4
133.6
Source: Météo France

References

  1. New Scientist
    https://books.google.com/books?id=lz4eAQAAMAAJ
  2. Annexe 2. Biographie de Jacques Marie Boudin de Tromelin, seigneur de Lanuguy
    https://books.openedition.org/editionscnrs/27934?lang=en
  3. Journal of Coastal Research
    https://www.academia.edu/11161927
  4. GSA Bulletin
    https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1967GSAB...78.1247F
  5. Journal of Archaeological Science
    https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010JArSc..37.1293M
  6. "Tromelin"
    http://www.birdlife.org
  7. Sailing Directions for the South Indian Ocean, Madagascar and the Islands West of Longitude 90° East
    https://books.google.com/books?id=44sNAQAAIAAJ
  8. Atoll Research Bulletin
    https://books.google.com/books?id=hglNAQAAMAAJ
  9. African Wildlife
    https://books.google.com/books?id=-59LAQAAIAAJ
  10. The Economist
    https://www.economist.com/news/christmas-specials/21683979-what-happened-when-slaves-and-free-men-were-shipwrecked-together-lu00e8se
  11. "Long-term monitoring highlights the positive responses of the seabird community to rat eradication at Tromelin Island, Western Indian Ocean"
    https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/csp2.13083
  12. "Tromelin Island's Impressive Comeback"
    http://www.birdlife.org
  13. National Geographic Society (blogs)
    https://voices.nationalgeographic.org/2016/04/11/the-recovery-of-tromelin-island/
  14. The World Factbook 2016–2017
    https://books.google.com/books?id=HfywxU2EnFwC&pg=PA269
  15. Ifm.free.fr
    http://ifm.free.fr/htmlpages/pdf/2007/477-4-esclaves.pdf
  16. Guérout (2015), p. 27.
  17. Tromelin, l'île aux esclaves oubliés
  18. Independent.co.uk
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/shipwrecked-and-abandoned-the-story-of-the-slave-crusoes-435092.html
  19. His Britannic majesty stipulating for himself and his allies, engages to restore to his most Christian majesty, within the term which shall be hereafter fixed, the colonies, fisheries, factories, and establishments of every kind, which were possessed by France on the 1 January 1792, in the seas and on the continents of America, Africa, and Asia, with the exception however of the islands of Tobago and St. Lucie, and of the Isle of France and its dependencies, especially Rodrigues and Les Sechelles, which several colonies and possessions his most Christian majesty cedes in full right and sovereignty to his Britannic majesty, and also the portion of St. Domingo ceded to France by the treaty of Basle, and which his most Christian majesty restores in full right and sovereignty to his Catholic majesty
    https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Paris_(1814)#ART.VIII
  20. "Ce n'est que quinze ans plus tard, le 29 novembre 1776, que le chevalier de Tromelin récupérera huit esclaves survivants : sept femmes et un enfant de huit mois. Le pavillon français fut planté sur l'île qui fut ainsi nommée Tromelin en hommage à ce chevalier"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120131101103/http://www.taaf.fr/spip/spip.php?article314
  21. International Maritime Boundaries
  22. The maritime boundaries of the Indian Ocean region
  23. Fisheries Exploitation in the Indian Ocean: Threats and Opportunities
  24. "Tromelin : La Réunion, spectatrice et spoliée"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20171010191415/http://www.lequotidien.re/opinion/le-courrier-des-lecteurs/116747-tromelin-la-reunion-spectatrice-et-spoliee.html
  25. "Mauritius"
    https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/mauritius/
  26. "Les confettis de l'empire colonial français qui irritent Madagascar"
    https://www.radiofrance.fr/franceinter/podcasts/le-monde-a-l-envers/les-confettis-de-l-empire-colonial-francais-qui-irritent-madagascar-3700358
  27. "Dérisoires sentinelles sur la route des super-pétroliers"
    https://blog.mondediplo.net/derisoires-sentinelles
  28. Marine Nationale
    https://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine/actualites/lastrolabe-assure-soutien-releve-tromelin
  29. "Tromelin (984)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180227001813/https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_98403004.pdf
Image
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