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Thomas & Friends

Updated: Wikipedia source

Thomas & Friends

Thomas & Friends is a British children's television series which aired from 9 October 1984 to 20 January 2021. Based on The Railway Series books by Wilbert Awdry and his son Christopher, the series was developed for television by Britt Allcroft. The series centers on various anthropomorphic steam locomotives as well as other vehicles living on the fictional Island of Sodor. The show was initially filmed in live action on model sets, whereas the latter half of its run was produced using CGI. Over 500 episodes were produced over the course of 24 series. In the United States, it was first broadcast along with the spin-off series, Shining Time Station, on PBS' PTV Park block on 29 January 1989, while broadcast of the series did shift over time, it later aired on PBS Kids up until 2017. The rights to the series are currently owned by HIT Entertainment (a subsidiary of Mattel), which acquired Gullane Entertainment in July 2002. HIT was folded into Mattel in 2016. An American 2D animated reboot, Thomas & Friends: All Engines Go, premiered on 13 September 2021 on Cartoon Network's preschool block Cartoonito, ending its run on 11 September 2025 with the final set of episodes released on Netflix.

Infobox

Also known as
Thomas the Tank Engine & FriendsThomas & Friends: Big World! Big Adventures!
Genre
Children's television series
Created by
Britt Allcroft
Based on
The Railway Seriesby Wilbert AwdryChristopher Awdry
Developed by
Britt Allcroft
Directed by
David Mitton (series 1–7) Steve Asquith (series 8–12) Greg Tiernan (series 13–16) David Baas (series 17) Don Spencer (series 18) Dianna Basso (series 19–24) Joey So (series 23–24; specials) Ian Cherry (series 24)
Voices of
List of voice actors
Narrated by
British Ringo Starr Michael Angelis Pierce Brosnan Mark Moraghan John Hasler American Ringo Starr George Carlin Alec Baldwin Michael Brandon Pierce Brosnan Mark Moraghan Joseph May
Opening theme
Thomas Theme (1984–2003) Thomas' Anthem (secondary) (1991–2003) Engine Roll Call (2004–2017) Big World! Big Adventures! (2018–2021)
Composers
Mike O'Donnell and Junior Campbell (1984–2003) Robert Hartshorne (2004–2016) Ed Welch (2004–2008) Peter Hartshorne (2011–2016) Chris Renshaw (2016–2021) Oliver Davis (2016–2017)
Country of origin
United Kingdom
Original language
English
No. of series
24
No. of episodes
584 (list of episodes)
Executive producers
List Britt Allcroft (1984–1986, 2002) Angus Wright (1991–1998) Peter Urie (2002–2003) Jocelyn Stevenson (2003–2006) Christopher Skala (2007–2011) Marion Edwards (2009–2015) Lenora Hume (2009–2010) Karen Barnes (2011–2013) Kallan Kagan (2013–2017) Jeff Young (2013–2015) Steven Hecht (2013–2015) Michael Carrington (2013–2014) Christopher Keenan (2014–2021) Edward Catchpole (2015) Marianne Culbert (2016) Kyle MacDougall (2016–2021) Jamie LeClaire (2016–2021) Phil LaFrance (2016–2021)
Producers
List David Mitton (1984–1998) Robert D. Cardona (1984–1986) Britt Allcroft (1991–1998) Phil Fehrle (2002–2003) Simon Spencer (2004–2008) Nicole Stinn (2008–2012) Ian McCue (2011–2017) Halim Jabbour (2013) Robert Anderson (2013; 2015–2017) Brian Lynch (2013–2015) Jennifer Hill (2014–2015) Lynda Craigmyle (2016) Jane Sobol (2016) Tracy Blagdon (2016–2021) Micaela Winter (2016–2018)
Production locations
Clapham Junction (1984) Clearwater Studios Battersea (1984) Shepperton Studios (1986–2008)
Running time
4 minutes, 30 seconds (series 1–7) 10 minutes[a] (series 8–12) 11 minutes[b] (Series 13–24)
Production companies
Clearwater Features (1984–1986) Britt Allcroft Ltd. (1984–1986) The Britt Allcroft Company/Gullane Entertainment (1991–2003) HIT Entertainment (2003–2017) Mattel Creations (2017–2021)
Network
ITV (series 1–3)[c] Cartoon Network (series 4–5) Nick Jr. (series 6–11)[d] Channel 5 (series 12–24)
Release
9 October 1984 (1984-10-09) –20 January 2021 (2021-01-20)

Tables

Release timeline · History
1985
1985
1984
1985
1986
1986
1984
1986
Series 1
Series 2
1987
1987
1984
1987
1988
1988
1984
1988
1989
1989
1984
1989
1990
1990
1984
1990
1991
1991
1984
1991
1992
1992
1984
1992
Series 1
Series 3
1993
1993
1984
1993
1994
1994
1984
1994
1995
1995
1984
1995
Series 1
Series 4
1996
1996
1984
1996
1997
1997
1984
1997
1998
1998
1984
1998
Series 1
Series 5
1999
1999
1984
1999
2000
2000
1984
2000
Series 1
Thomas and the Magic Railroad
2001
2001
1984
2001
2002
2002
1984
2002
Series 1
Series 6
2003
2003
1984
2003
Series 1
Series 7
2004
2004
1984
2004
Series 1
Series 8
2005
2005
1984
2005
Series 1
Calling All Engines!
Series 9
Series 9
1984
Series 9
2006
2006
1984
2006
Series 1
Series 10
2007
2007
1984
2007
Series 1
Series 11
2008
2008
1984
2008
Series 1
The Great Discovery
Series 12
Series 12
1984
Series 12
2009
2009
1984
2009
Series 1
Hero of the Rails
2010
2010
1984
2010
Series 1
Series 13
Misty Island Rescue
Misty Island Rescue
1984
Misty Island Rescue
Series 14
Series 14
1984
Series 14
2011
2011
1984
2011
Series 1
Day of the Diesels
Series 15
Series 15
1984
Series 15
2012
2012
1984
2012
Series 1
Blue Mountain Mystery
Series 16
Series 16
1984
Series 16
2013
2013
1984
2013
Series 1
King of the Railway
Series 17
Series 17
1984
Series 17
2014
2014
1984
2014
Series 1
Tale of the Brave
Series 18
Series 18
1984
Series 18
2015
2015
1984
2015
Series 1
The Adventure Begins
Sodor's Legend of the Lost Treasure
Sodor's Legend of the Lost Treasure
1984
Sodor's Legend of the Lost Treasure
Series 19
Series 19
1984
Series 19
2016
2016
1984
2016
Series 1
The Great Race
Series 20
Series 20
1984
Series 20
2017
2017
1984
2017
Series 1
Journey Beyond Sodor
Series 21
Series 21
1984
Series 21
2018
2018
1984
2018
Series 1
Big World! Big Adventures!
Series 22
Series 22
1984
Series 22
2019
2019
1984
2019
Series 1
Series 23
2020
2020
1984
2020
Series 1
Series 24
2021
2021
1984
2021
2022
2022
1984
2022
2023
2023
1984
2023
2024
2024
1984
2024
2025
2025
1984
2025
Series 1
"Down the Mine" pilot episode
TBA
TBA
1984
TBA
Series 1
Thomas & Friends
1984
Series 1
1985
1986
Series 2
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
Series 3
1993
1994
1995
Series 4
1996
1997
1998
Series 5
1999
2000
Thomas and the Magic Railroad
2001
2002
Series 6
2003
Series 7
2004
Series 8
2005
Calling All Engines!
Series 9
2006
Series 10
2007
Series 11
2008
The Great Discovery
Series 12
2009
Hero of the Rails
2010
Series 13
Misty Island Rescue
Series 14
2011
Day of the Diesels
Series 15
2012
Blue Mountain Mystery
Series 16
2013
King of the Railway
Series 17
2014
Tale of the Brave
Series 18
2015
The Adventure Begins
Sodor's Legend of the Lost Treasure
Series 19
2016
The Great Race
Series 20
2017
Journey Beyond Sodor
Series 21
2018
Big World! Big Adventures!
Series 22
2019
Series 23
2020
Series 24
First released
First released
Series
First released
Episodes
Last released
Episodes
Network
1
1
Series
1
Episodes
26
Episodes
9 October 1984 (1984-10-09)
Originally released
8 January 1985 (1985-01-08)
Originally released
ITV
2
2
Series
2
Episodes
26
Episodes
24 September 1986 (1986-09-24)
Originally released
17 December 1986 (1986-12-17)
3
3
Series
3
Episodes
26
Episodes
25 February 1992 (1992-02-25)
Originally released
14 July 1992 (1992-07-14)
4
4
Series
4
Episodes
26
Episodes
16 October 1995 (1995-10-16)
Originally released
20 November 1995 (1995-11-20)
Originally released
Cartoon Network
5
5
Series
5
Episodes
26
Episodes
14 September 1998 (1998-09-14)
Originally released
19 October 1998 (1998-10-19)
6
6
Series
6
Episodes
26
Episodes
16 September 2002 (2002-09-16)
Originally released
21 October 2002 (2002-10-21)
Originally released
Nick Jr.
7
7
Series
7
Episodes
26
Episodes
6 October 2003 (2003-10-06)
Originally released
10 November 2003 (2003-11-10)
8
8
Series
8
Episodes
26
Episodes
1 August 2004 (2004-08-01)
Originally released
24 October 2004 (2004-10-24)
9
9
Series
9
Episodes
26
Episodes
5 September 2005 (2005-09-05)
Originally released
28 November 2005 (2005-11-28)
10
10
Series
10
Episodes
28
Episodes
2 September 2006 (2006-09-02)
Originally released
15 September 2006 (2006-09-15)
11
11
Series
11
Episodes
26
Episodes
3 September 2007 (2007-09-03)
Originally released
15 January 2008 (2008-01-15)
12
12
Series
12
Episodes
20
Episodes
1 September 2008 (2008-09-01)
Originally released
26 September 2008 (2008-09-26)
Originally released
Channel 5
13
13
Series
13
Episodes
20
Episodes
25 January 2010 (2010-01-25)
Originally released
19 February 2010 (2010-02-19)
14
14
Series
14
Episodes
20
Episodes
11 October 2010 (2010-10-11)
Originally released
5 November 2010 (2010-11-05)
15
15
Series
15
Episodes
20
Episodes
1 March 2011 (2011-03-01)
Originally released
28 March 2011 (2011-03-28)
16
16
Series
16
Episodes
20
Episodes
20 February 2012 (2012-02-20)
Originally released
25 December 2012 (2012-12-25)
17
17
Series
17
Episodes
26
Episodes
3 June 2013 (2013-06-03)
Originally released
21 November 2014 (2014-11-21)
18
18
Series
18
Episodes
26
Episodes
25 August 2014 (2014-08-25)
Originally released
31 July 2015 (2015-07-31)
19
19
Series
19
Episodes
26
Episodes
21 September 2015 (2015-09-21)
Originally released
10 March 2017 (2017-03-10)
20
20
Series
20
Episodes
28
Episodes
5 September 2016 (2016-09-05)
Originally released
20 December 2017 (2017-12-20)
21
21
Series
21
Episodes
18
Episodes
18 September 2017 (2017-09-18)
Originally released
22 December 2017 (2017-12-22)
22
22
Series
22
Episodes
26
Episodes
3 September 2018 (2018-09-03)
Originally released
15 May 2019 (2019-05-15)
23
23
Series
23
Episodes
23
Episodes
2 September 2019 (2019-09-02)
Originally released
15 May 2020 (2020-05-15)
24
24
Series
24
Episodes
23
Episodes
2 May 2020 (2020-05-02)
Originally released
20 January 2021 (2021-01-20)
Series
Episodes
Originally released
First released
Last released
Network
1
26
9 October 1984 (1984-10-09)
8 January 1985 (1985-01-08)
ITV
2
26
24 September 1986 (1986-09-24)
17 December 1986 (1986-12-17)
3
26
25 February 1992 (1992-02-25)
14 July 1992 (1992-07-14)
4
26
16 October 1995 (1995-10-16)
20 November 1995 (1995-11-20)
Cartoon Network
5
26
14 September 1998 (1998-09-14)
19 October 1998 (1998-10-19)
6
26
16 September 2002 (2002-09-16)
21 October 2002 (2002-10-21)
Nick Jr.
7
26
6 October 2003 (2003-10-06)
10 November 2003 (2003-11-10)
8
26
1 August 2004 (2004-08-01)
24 October 2004 (2004-10-24)
9
26
5 September 2005 (2005-09-05)
28 November 2005 (2005-11-28)
10
28
2 September 2006 (2006-09-02)
15 September 2006 (2006-09-15)
11
26
3 September 2007 (2007-09-03)
15 January 2008 (2008-01-15)
12
20
1 September 2008 (2008-09-01)
26 September 2008 (2008-09-26)
Channel 5
13
20
25 January 2010 (2010-01-25)
19 February 2010 (2010-02-19)
14
20
11 October 2010 (2010-10-11)
5 November 2010 (2010-11-05)
15
20
1 March 2011 (2011-03-01)
28 March 2011 (2011-03-28)
16
20
20 February 2012 (2012-02-20)
25 December 2012 (2012-12-25)
17
26
3 June 2013 (2013-06-03)
21 November 2014 (2014-11-21)
18
26
25 August 2014 (2014-08-25)
31 July 2015 (2015-07-31)
19
26
21 September 2015 (2015-09-21)
10 March 2017 (2017-03-10)
20
28
5 September 2016 (2016-09-05)
20 December 2017 (2017-12-20)
21
18
18 September 2017 (2017-09-18)
22 December 2017 (2017-12-22)
22
26
3 September 2018 (2018-09-03)
15 May 2019 (2019-05-15)
23
23
2 September 2019 (2019-09-02)
15 May 2020 (2020-05-15)
24
23
2 May 2020 (2020-05-02)
20 January 2021 (2021-01-20)
· Broadcast › Other dubs
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin Chinese
Language
Mandarin Chinese
Title
托马斯和朋友/湯瑪士小火車
Channel
CCTV (China)/Momo Kids (Taiwan)
Notes
The series is known in China as 托马斯和朋友 and in Taiwan as 湯瑪士小火車, and is dubbed in Mandarin Chinese with Simplified and Traditional Chinese subtitles. The series is narrated by Jiang Guangtao in China and Guan Zhihong in Taiwan.
Country
China and Taiwan
Japanese
Japanese
Language
Japanese
Title
きかんしゃトーマスとなかまたち
Channel
Fuji TV/TV Tokyo/NHK Educational TV
Notes
The series in Japan is known as Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends (きかんしゃトーマスとなかまたち), and is dubbed in Japanese. Unlike the original English dub where the live-action model seasons of the series had the characters be consistently voiced by a single narrator, the Japanese dub featured a full voice cast for all of the characters from the very beginning. The model era was considered Tokusatsu when dubbed in Japan.[citation needed]
Country
Japan
Brazilian Portuguese
Brazilian Portuguese
Language
Brazilian Portuguese
Title
Thomas e Seus Amigos
Channel
Discovery Kids (Brazil)/TV Cultura
Notes
The series in Brazil is known as Thomas e Seus Amigos, and is dubbed in Brazilian Portuguese.[citation needed] It even has an official YouTube channel known as Thomas e Seus Amigos.
Country
Brazil
Latin American Spanish
Latin American Spanish
Language
Latin American Spanish
Title
Thomas y Sus Amigos
Channel
Discovery Kids/Canal 5
Notes
The series in Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, is known as Thomas y Sus Amigos, also known as its original English title from the thirteenth series onwards, and is dubbed into Latin American Spanish. It even has an official YouTube channel known as Thomas & Friends Latinoamérica.
Country
Mexico, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela
Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani
Language
Azerbaijani
Title
Tomas və Dostları
Channel
ANS TV
Notes
The series in Azerbaijan is known as Tomas və Dostları, and is dubbed with audio in Azerbaijani.
Country
Azerbaijan
European Portuguese
European Portuguese
Language
European Portuguese
Title
Thomas e os Seus Amigos
Channel
Canal Panda/RTP2 ZigZag/JimJam
Notes
The series in Portugal is known as Thomas e os Seus Amigos, and is dubbed into European Portuguese.
Country
Portugal
European Spanish
European Spanish
Language
European Spanish
Title
Thomas y Sus Amigos
Channel
RTVE Clan
Notes
The series in Spain, is known as Thomas y Sus Amigos, and is dubbed into European Spanish.
Country
Spain
German
German
Language
German
Title
Thomas, die kleine Lokomotive und seine Freunde / Thomas und seine Freunde
Channel
Super RTL (Germany)
Notes
The 6th, 7th, 21st and 24th series were not dubbed into German. The series was narrated by Manfred Steffen from the 1st to 5th series and by Sky du Mont from the 8th to 20th series.
Country
Germany and Austria
Catalan
Catalan
Language
Catalan
Title
En Thomas i els Seus Amics
Channel
YouTube TV
Notes
The series in Catalonia, Spain is known as En Thomas i els Seus Amics, and is dubbed in Catalan.
Country
Catalonia (Spain)
Romanian
Romanian
Language
Romanian
Title
Thomas şi Prietenii Săi
Channel
Minimax TV
Notes
The series in Romania is known as Thomas şi Prietenii Săi, or Locomotiva Thomas şi Prietenii Săi, and is dubbed in Romanian.
Country
Romania
Hebrew
Hebrew
Language
Hebrew
Title
תומס הקטרתומס הקטר וחברים
Channel
Hop! ChannelIsraeli Educational Television
Notes
The series in Israel is known as תומס הקטר and תומס הקטר וחברים, and is dubbed in Hebrew.
Country
Israel
Language
Title
Channel
Notes
Country
Mandarin Chinese
托马斯和朋友/湯瑪士小火車
CCTV (China)/Momo Kids (Taiwan)
The series is known in China as 托马斯和朋友 and in Taiwan as 湯瑪士小火車, and is dubbed in Mandarin Chinese with Simplified and Traditional Chinese subtitles. The series is narrated by Jiang Guangtao in China and Guan Zhihong in Taiwan.
China and Taiwan
Japanese
きかんしゃトーマスとなかまたち
Fuji TV/TV Tokyo/NHK Educational TV
The series in Japan is known as Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends (きかんしゃトーマスとなかまたち), and is dubbed in Japanese. Unlike the original English dub where the live-action model seasons of the series had the characters be consistently voiced by a single narrator, the Japanese dub featured a full voice cast for all of the characters from the very beginning. The model era was considered Tokusatsu when dubbed in Japan.[citation needed]
Japan
Brazilian Portuguese
Thomas e Seus Amigos
Discovery Kids (Brazil)/TV Cultura
The series in Brazil is known as Thomas e Seus Amigos, and is dubbed in Brazilian Portuguese.[citation needed] It even has an official YouTube channel known as Thomas e Seus Amigos.
Brazil
Latin American Spanish
Thomas y Sus Amigos
Discovery Kids/Canal 5
The series in Spanish-speaking countries in Latin America, is known as Thomas y Sus Amigos, also known as its original English title from the thirteenth series onwards, and is dubbed into Latin American Spanish. It even has an official YouTube channel known as Thomas & Friends Latinoamérica.
Mexico, Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela
Azerbaijani
Tomas və Dostları
ANS TV
The series in Azerbaijan is known as Tomas və Dostları, and is dubbed with audio in Azerbaijani.
Azerbaijan
European Portuguese
Thomas e os Seus Amigos
Canal Panda/RTP2 ZigZag/JimJam
The series in Portugal is known as Thomas e os Seus Amigos, and is dubbed into European Portuguese.
Portugal
European Spanish
Thomas y Sus Amigos
RTVE Clan
The series in Spain, is known as Thomas y Sus Amigos, and is dubbed into European Spanish.
Spain
German
Thomas, die kleine Lokomotive und seine Freunde / Thomas und seine Freunde
Super RTL (Germany)
The 6th, 7th, 21st and 24th series were not dubbed into German. The series was narrated by Manfred Steffen from the 1st to 5th series and by Sky du Mont from the 8th to 20th series.
Germany and Austria
Catalan
En Thomas i els Seus Amics
YouTube TV
The series in Catalonia, Spain is known as En Thomas i els Seus Amics, and is dubbed in Catalan.
Catalonia (Spain)
Romanian
Thomas şi Prietenii Săi
Minimax TV
The series in Romania is known as Thomas şi Prietenii Săi, or Locomotiva Thomas şi Prietenii Săi, and is dubbed in Romanian.
Romania
Hebrew
תומס הקטרתומס הקטר וחברים
Hop! ChannelIsraeli Educational Television
The series in Israel is known as תומס הקטר and תומס הקטר וחברים, and is dubbed in Hebrew.
Israel

References

  1. These series also aired in a half-hour format.
  2. Until Series 20, these series also aired in a half-hour format. As of series 22, the episodes themselves only run for 7
  3. The first half of series 3 was released straight-to-video before airing on TV. ITV also rebroadcast series 6–8 after the
  4. Series 6–8 were rerun on CITV, while series 8–11 were rerun on Channel 5.
  5. Formerly known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends until series 7, and later Thomas & Friends: Big World! Big Adventures
  6. $74,000 in United States dollars at the time
  7. As seen in the episode "Buzz Buzz"
  8. "Thomas the Tank Engine launches gender-balanced, multi-cultural Steam Team"
    https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/thomas-tank-engine-gender-balanced-female-trains-characters-steam-team-revamp-multicultural-a8517981.html
  9. Variety
    https://variety.com/2023/film/news/barbie-sequel-mattel-films-barney-hot-wheels-1235680302/
  10. Sodor Island
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100501093903/https://www.sodor-island.net/thetvserieshistory.html
  11. Ultimate Guide to Thomas the Tank Engine
    http://tlc.howstuffworks.com/family/how-thomas-the-tank-engine-works1.htm
  12. The Journal
    http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Still+building+steam+at+60.-a0132549630
  13. "The Storytellers"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131203133928/http://www.sodor-island.net/storytellers.html
  14. Unmasked
  15. Unmasked
  16. "Bluebell Railway – FAQ"
    http://www.bluebell-railway.co.uk/bluebell/faq.html
  17. Daily Mirror
    https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/thomas-the-1billion-tank-engine-196858
  18. Thomas & Friends
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140701061109/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTyMpUBc0XU
  19. "Rediscovered Thomas & Friends pilot to be released"
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/czel5x60y7lo
  20. The Reading Chronicle
    https://www.readingchronicle.co.uk/leisure/national/25149467.unseen-thomas-friends-footage-ringo-starr-narration-airs-first-time/
  21. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/czel5x60y7lo
  22. "Bfi | Film & Tv Database | Thomas The Tank Engine And Friends"
    http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20100121165848/http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/series/16269
  23. "The Case for the Missing Coach"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110724073230/http://www.sodor-island.net/sodorislandessayannex/themissingcoachessay.html
  24. "Who Drove Thomas To Success?"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20101129160955/http://sodor-island.net/success.html
  25. The Thomas the Tank Engine Man
  26. Sibley, p. 320
  27. Sibley, p. 309
  28. Broadcast
    https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/nickelodeon-uk-has-swiped-the-rights-to-thomas-the-tank-engine-and-friends-from-arch-rival-childrens-cable-channel-cartoon-network-writes-alice-macandrew-the-entire-series-is-set-to-air-on/1208812.article
  29. "Thomas and the Magic Railroad (2000) – Box Office Mojo"
    https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=thomasandthemagicrailroad.htm
  30. BBC
    https://web.archive.org/web/20141018005945/http://genome.ch.bbc.co.uk/1fcfa25055254971953bc81c85c9f784
  31. BBC
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090105235805/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b007c5d1
  32. "FE Investegate |Gullane Ent. PLC Announcements | Gullane Ent. PLC: Offer by HIT Entertainment"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180702011111/https://www.investegate.co.uk/gullane-ent--plc--gul-/rns/offer-by-hit-entertainment/200207050700112286Y/
  33. "HIT TAKES OVER GULLANE. | Broadcast"
    http://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/hit-takes-over-gullane/1154829.article
  34. Blackstonechambers.com
    https://www.blackstonechambers.com/barristers/barbara-dohmann-qc/
  35. Blackstonechambers.com
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