Topzle Topzle

The Wizard of Oz

Updated: Wikipedia source

The Wizard of Oz

The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Based on the 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum, it was primarily directed by Victor Fleming, who left production to take over the troubled Gone with the Wind. The screenplay is credited to Noel Langley, Florence Ryerson, and Edgar Allan Woolf, but includes contributions from other writers. The film stars Judy Garland, Frank Morgan, Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, Bert Lahr, Billie Burke, and Margaret Hamilton. The music was composed by Harold Arlen and adapted by Herbert Stothart, with lyrics by Edgar "Yip" Harburg. The film is celebrated for its use of three-strip Technicolor, fantasy storytelling, musical score, and memorable characters. It was a critical success and was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Picture, winning Best Original Song for "Over the Rainbow" and Best Original Score for Stothart; an Academy Juvenile Award was presented to Judy Garland. It was on a preliminary list of submissions from the studios for an Academy Award for Cinematography (Color) but was not nominated. While it was sufficiently popular at the box office, it failed to make a profit until its 1949 re-release, earning only $3 million on a $2.7 million budget, making it MGM's most expensive production at the time. The 1956 television broadcast premiere of the film on CBS reintroduced it to the public. According to the U.S. Library of Congress, it is the most seen film in cinematic history. In 1989, it was selected by the Library of Congress as one of the first 25 films for preservation in the United States National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". It is also one of the few films on UNESCO's Memory of the World international register. It was ranked second in Variety's inaugural 100 Greatest Movies of All Time list published in 2022. It was among the top ten in the 2005 British Film Institute (BFI) list of 50 Films to be Seen by the Age of 14 and is on the BFI's updated list of 50 Films to be Seen by the Age of 15 released in May 2020. It has become the source of many quotes referenced in contemporary popular culture. It frequently ranks on critics' lists of the greatest films in history and is the most commercially successful adaptation of Baum's work.

Infobox

Directed by
Victor Fleming[a]
Screenplay by
mw- Noel Langley Florence Ryerson Edgar Allan Woolf[b]
Adaptation by
Noel Langley
Based on
The Wonderful Wizard of Ozby L. Frank Baum
Produced by
Mervyn LeRoy
Starring
Judy Garland Frank Morgan Ray Bolger Bert Lahr Jack Haley Billie Burke Margaret Hamilton Charley Grapewin The Munchkins
Cinematography
Harold Rosson
Edited by
Blanche Sewell
Music by
Herbert Stothart
Productioncompany
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Distributed by
Loew's Incorporated
Release dates
August 10, 1939 (1939-08-10) (Green Bay, Wisconsin) August 25, 1939 (1939-08-25) (United States)
Running time
102 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$2.8 million
Box office
$29.7 million

Tables

· Accolades › Academy Awards
Academy Awards
Academy Awards
Award
Academy Awards
Date of ceremony
February 29, 1940
Category
Outstanding Production
Nominee(s)
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Result
Nominated
Best Art Direction
Best Art Direction
Award
Best Art Direction
Date of ceremony
Cedric Gibbons and William A. Horning
Category
Nominated
Best Original Score
Best Original Score
Award
Best Original Score
Date of ceremony
Herbert Stothart
Category
Won
Best Original Song
Best Original Song
Award
Best Original Song
Date of ceremony
"Over the Rainbow" Music by Harold Arlen; Lyrics by E. Y. Harburg
Category
Won
Best Special Effects
Best Special Effects
Award
Best Special Effects
Date of ceremony
A. Arnold Gillespie and Douglas Shearer
Category
Nominated
Academy Juvenile Award
Academy Juvenile Award
Award
Academy Juvenile Award
Date of ceremony
Judy Garland For her outstanding performance as a screen juvenile during the past year. (She was jointly awarded for her performances in Babes in Arms and The Wizard of Oz).
Category
Honorary
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Nominee(s)
Result
Ref.
Academy Awards
February 29, 1940
Outstanding Production
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Nominated
Best Art Direction
Cedric Gibbons and William A. Horning
Nominated
Best Original Score
Herbert Stothart
Won
Best Original Song
"Over the Rainbow" Music by Harold Arlen; Lyrics by E. Y. Harburg
Won
Best Special Effects
A. Arnold Gillespie and Douglas Shearer
Nominated
Academy Juvenile Award
Judy Garland For her outstanding performance as a screen juvenile during the past year. (She was jointly awarded for her performances in Babes in Arms and The Wizard of Oz).
Honorary

References

  1. King Vidor did some additional directorial input after Fleming's departure, mainly on the sepiatone Kansas scenes; three
  2. Although Langley, Ryerson and Woolf received credit for the screenplay, directors Richard Thorpe, George Cukor and King
  3. A Brief Guide to Oz
  4. Aljean Harmetz (2004). The Making of The Wizard of Oz. Hyperion. ISBN 0-7868-8352-9.
  5. Down the Yellow Brick Road: The Making of The Wizard of Oz
  6. Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World
  7. The Essential Wizard of Oz: 101 Things You Didn't Know About the Most-Watched Movie in Film History
  8. The Wizard of Oz at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
    https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/7892
  9. BBFC
    https://www.bbfc.co.uk/release/the-wizard-of-oz-q29sbgvjdglvbjpwwc0yntgzmtu
  10. The Eddie Mannix Ledger
  11. Box Office Mojo
    https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0032138/
  12. americanhistory.si.edu
    https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2010/06/the-technicolor-world-of-oz.html
  13. CineVue
    https://cine-vue.com/2022/11/the-enduring-legacy-of-the-wizard-of-oz.html
  14. Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
    https://awardsdatabase.oscars.org/search/getresults?query=%7B%22FilmTitle%22%3A%22%2A%22%2C%22Sort%22%3A%222-Film%20Title-Alpha%22%2C%22AwardShowNumberFrom%22%3A12%2C%22AwardShowNumberTo%22%3A0%2C%22Search%22%3A30%7D
  15. "The Screen in Review; 'The Wizard of Oz,' Produced by the Wizards of Hollywood, Works Its Magic on the Capitol's Screen – March of Time Features New York at the Music Hall at the Palace"
    https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review
  16. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-mar-11-la-et-mn-original-wizard-reaction-20130311-story.html
  17. The Wizard of Oz: The Official 50th Anniversary Pictorial History
    https://archive.org/details/wizardofozoffici0000fric
  18. "To See The Wizard Oz on Stage and Film"
    https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/oz/ozsect2.html
  19. Library of Congress
    https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-recording-preservation-board/recording-registry/complete-national-recording-registry-listing/
  20. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-19-mn-347-story.html
  21. "The Wizard of Oz (Victor Fleming 1939), produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer"
    https://www.unesco.org/en/memory-world/wizard-oz-victor-fleming-1939-produced-metro-goldwyn-mayer
  22. Variety
    https://variety.com/lists/best-movies-of-all-time/
  23. "50 films to see by age 15"
    https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/50-films-see-age-15
  24. www.afi.com
    http://www.afi.com/100Years/movies.aspx
  25. The Road to Oz: The Evolution, Creation, and Legacy of a Motion Picture Masterpiece
  26. The Independent
    https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-adriana-caselotti-1277975.html
  27. The Times Record
    https://www.newspapers.com/clip/17268438/the-times-record/
  28. The Morning Call
    https://www.newspapers.com/clip/102562242/candy-candido-obituary-2/
  29. The Wizard of Oz: The Official 50th Anniversary Pictorial History
    https://archive.org/details/wizardofozoffici0000fric/page/18
  30. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, the Making of a Movie Classic (1990). CBS Television, narrated by Angela Lansbury. Co-produc
  31. The Witness
    http://www.witness.co.za/index.php?showcontent&global%5B_id%5D=73897
  32. "Wizard of Oz Timeline"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070907233032/http://thewizardofoz.warnerbros.com/movie/cmp/timeline.html
  33. Democracy Now. November 25, 2004 Archived November 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
    http://www.democracynow.org/article.pl?sid=04/11/25/0832252
  34. The Wizard of Oz: The Official 50th Anniversary Pictorial History
    https://archive.org/details/wizardofozoffici0000fric/page/28
  35. World of Entertainment
  36. "Hollywood Reporter"
    https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1001433010
  37. Get Happy: The Life of Judy Garland
  38. Cemetery Guide, Hollywood Remains to Be Seen, Mark Masek Archived May 21, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.
    http://www.cemeteryguide.com/bolger.html
  39. ABC News
    https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/back-making-wizard-oz/story?id=18668718
  40. Actresses of a Certain Character: Forty Familiar Hollywood Faces from the Thirties to the Fifties
    https://books.google.com/books?id=IbpwDl1nt0MC&pg=PA196
  41. Twentieth Century-Fox: The Zanuck-Skouras Years, 1935–1965
    https://books.google.com/books?id=dA3LcAd5O5gC&pg=PA68
  42. Hearn, Michael Patrick. Keynote address. The International Wizard of Oz Club Centennial convention. Indiana University,
  43. Film Quarterly
    http://fq.ucpress.edu/content/33/4/45.full.pdf
  44. "'Beverly Hillbillies' star Buddy Ebsen lost 'The Wizard of Oz' role for this horrifying reason, daughter says"
    https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/beverly-hillbillies-star-buddy-ebsen-lost-wizard-oz-role-horrifying-reason-daughter
  45. ThoughtCo
    https://www.thoughtco.com/tin-man-toxic-makeup-3975975
  46. The Making of the Wizard of Oz: Movie Magic and Studio Power in the Prime of MGM
  47. The Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/film/the-wizard-of-oz/making-of-facts-trivia/
  48. "The Technicolor world of Oz"
    https://americanhistory.si.edu/blog/2010/06/the-technicolor-world-of-oz.html
  49. Film History
    https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0892-2160
  50. theasc.com
    https://theasc.com/magazine/dec98/wizard/pg1.htm
  51. YouTube
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mqaobr6w6_I
  52. Disney's 'Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs': Still the Fairest of Them All
  53. Smithsonian Magazine
    https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/without-camera-emerald-city-would-have-been-color-mud-180961463/
  54. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz: 50 Years of Magic
  55. "'The Wizard of Oz' at 75: Did you know...?"
    http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/25/showbiz/the-wizard-of-oz-75th-anniversary/index.html
  56. History of Movie Musicals
    https://archive.org/details/historyofmoviemu0000ayle/page/97
  57. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/11/14/ill-ruin-you-judy-garland-on-being-groped-and-harassed-by-powerful-hollywood-men/
  58. Biography
    https://www.biography.com/news/judy-garland-pills-diet-wizard-of-oz
  59. ABC News
    https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-04-04/why-it-was-so-important-to-find-the-last-surviving-munchkin/9610256
  60. American Heritage Center (AHC) #AlwaysArchiving
    https://ahcwyo.org/2024/08/05/behind-the-curtain-a-look-at-the-wizard-of-ozs-difficult-production-85-years-later/
  61. Time
    http://content.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,1867611,00.html
  62. "5 Things You Still Don't Know About 'The Wizard Of Oz'"
    https://www.huffpost.com/entry/wizard-of-oz-trivia_n_55db25bae4b0a40aa3ab5dc6
  63. Independent.ie
    https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/the-misery-of-oz-how-hollywood-starved-its-great-star/30555965.html
  64. Vanity Fair
    https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/02/judy-garland-sid-luft-memoir
  65. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/film/2017/feb/08/judy-garland-allegedly-sexually-harassed-by-munchkins-on-wizard-of-oz-set
  66. The Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/judy-garland-molested-munchkins-set-wizard-oz-late-husband-claims/
  67. Variety
    https://variety.com/2017/film/features/casting-couch-hollywood-sexual-harassment-harvey-weinstein-1202589895/
  68. Technical Aspects of Phase I/II Environmental Site Assessments: 2nd Edition
    https://doi.org/10.1520%2Fmnl11243m
  69. YouTube
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kuBbR26hIAY
  70. Special Effects: An Introduction to Movie Magic
  71. The Wizard of Oz FAQ: All That's Left to Know About Life, According to Oz
  72. The Making of The Wizard of Oz
    https://books.google.com/books?id=nSFQAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA272
  73. "Smithsonian Will Stretch to Save Scarecrow's Costume, Too"
    https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smartnews-arts-culture/smithsonian-will-stretch-save-scarecrows-costume-too-180960898/
  74. The Wizardry of Oz
    https://books.google.com/books?id=D0w5WxGi0ggC&pg=PA99
  75. CBS News
    https://www.cbsnews.com/news/wizard-of-oz-cowardly-lion-costume-casablanca-piano-sell-at-auction/
  76. "'The Wizard of Oz': Dark Secrets Behind the Making of the Hollywood Classic"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20220523144500/https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/dark-secrets-behind-the-making-of-the-wizard-of-oz.html/
  77. "25 Wonderful and Weird Behind-The-Scenes Facts About The Wizard Of Oz"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20231103164324/https://thefashionball.com/celebrity/wizard-of-oz-secrets-tw/
  78. The Wizard of Oz
    https://books.google.com/books?id=Rq46IH1nWb8C&pg=PA4
  79. Smithsonian
    https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/crazy-tricks-early-filmmakers-used-fake-snow-180961522/
  80. Defending the Indefensible: The Global Asbestos Industry and its Fight for Survival
    https://books.google.com/books?id=CWTeH9GJsfgC&pg=PA18
  81. "The Wizard of Oz 70th Anniversary News"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110513210807/http://www.thejudyroom.com/news-oz.html#brain
  82. "The Wizard of Oz [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack] – Original Soundtrack – Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards"
    https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-wizard-of-oz-original-motion-picture-soundtrack-mw0000053200
  83. The Wizard of Oz: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack – The Deluxe Edition, 2-CD set, original recording remastered, Rhin
  84. Warner Bros. 2005 The Wizard of Oz Collector's Edition DVD edition, program notes and audio extras.
  85. Orozco, Lance. "He Was a Hollywood Pioneer, but the Central Coast Man Is Now Largely Forgotten." KCLU, KCLU, April 24, 2
  86. The Making of the Wizard of Oz – Movie Magic and Studio Power in the Prime of MGM – and the Miracle of Production #1060,
  87. Jim's "Wizard of Oz" Website Directory
    https://web.archive.org/web/20071114114015/http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Hills/6396/timeline.htm
  88. catalog.afi.com
    https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/7892
  89. "On This Day In Judy Garland's Life And Career – August 10"
    https://judygarlandnews.com/2018/08/10/on-this-day-in-judy-garlands-life-and-career-august-10/
  90. Down The Yellow Brick Road: The Making of The Wizard Of Oz"McClelland, 1976 Publisher Pyramid Publications (Harcourt Bra
  91. The Wizard of Oz
    http://www.jsonline.com/news/waukesha/51361182.html
  92. "No Place Like Home: 'Wizard of Oz' premiered here 70 years ago"
    https://host.madison.com/article_5c61ec86-41d1-5eef-a2da-e2ad874a4aeb.html
  93. Wisconsin State Journal
  94. The Hollywood Reporter
    https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/graumans-chinese-theatre-makeover-hollywood-279246
  95. Variety
    https://archive.org/details/variety204-1956-11/page/n33
  96. The Complete Directory to Prime Time Cable and Network Shows 1946 – present
  97. Variety
  98. "Feature Films on British Television in the 1970s"
    http://bufvc.ac.uk/articles/feature-films-on-british-television-in-the-1970s/4
  99. Billboard
    https://books.google.com/books?id=mCQEAAAAMBAJ&q=%22MGM+CBS%22+Billboard&pg=PT58
  100. "LaserDisc Database – Search: Wizard of Oz"
    https://www.lddb.com/search/IMDb/0032138
  101. "WOO CED Exclusive"
    http://www.wendyswizardofoz.com/selectavision.html
  102. Prime Focus World
    http://www.primefocusworld.com/wizard-of-oz/
  103. "Off To See The Wizards: HDD Gets An In Depth Look at the Restoration of 'The Wizard of Oz'"
    http://www.highdefdigest.com/news/show/MGM/Warner_Home_Video/Film_Restoration/Michael_S._Palmer/Off_To_See_The_Wizards:_HDD_Gets_An_In_Depth_Look_at_the_Restoration_of_The_Wizard_of_Oz_%28UPDATED_-_Before_and_After_Pics!%29/3397
  104. The Wizard of Oz Blu-ray Release Date December 1, 2009
    https://www.blu-ray.com/movies/The-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray/7704/
  105. The Wizard of Oz DVD Release Date March 16, 2010
    https://www.blu-ray.com/dvd/The-Wizard-of-Oz-DVD/21580/
  106. "'Wizard of Oz' coming back to theaters for IMAX 3D run"
    http://family-room.ew.com/2013/06/04/wizard-of-oz-imax-3d-run/
  107. "'Wizard of Oz' Goes 3D for W.B. 90th Celebration"
    http://www.etonline.com/movies/125577_Wizard_of_Oz_Goes_3D_for_WB_90th_Celebration/
  108. "WOO Best Buy SteelBook Exclusive"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140715003608/http://steelbookreview.com/shop/the-wizard-of-oz-3d-best-buy-futurepak/
  109. "WOO Target Exclusive"
    http://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=3480
  110. The Wizard of Oz 4K Blu-ray Archived August 26, 2019, at the Wayback Machine. Blu-ray.com. August 23, 2019.
    https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=25610
  111. "Wizard of OZ: 85th Anniversary Theater Edition 4K Blu-ray"
    https://www.blu-ray.com/news/?id=35041
  112. Time
    https://entertainment.time.com/2010/08/30/top-10-movie-rereleases/slide/the-wizard-of-oz/
  113. "The Wizard of Oz (1939, U.S.)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100112202639/http://www.kiddiematinee.com/w-woz.html
  114. "The Wizard of Oz (2002 re-issue) (2002)"
    https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofoz01.htm
  115. "The Wizard of Oz 70th Anniversary Encore Event"
    https://clclt.com/charlotte/the-wizard-of-oz-70th-anniversary-encore-event/Film?oid=2365152
  116. Variety
    https://variety.com/2013/biz/news/warner-bros-plans-25-million-campaign-around-the-wizard-of-oz-anniversary-1200590969/
  117. Box Office Mojo
    https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=wizardofozimax.htm
  118. Deseret News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160303235408/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/865584657/6The-Wizard-of-Oz7-reissue-could-signal-the-end-of-the-G-rating.html?pg=all
  119. Variety
    https://www.amctheatres.com/movies/tcm-presents-the-wizard-of-oz
  120. "'Wizard of Oz' is returning to theaters for its 80th anniversary"
    https://www.aol.com/article/entertainment/2019/01/24/the-wizard-of-oz-to-return-to-theaters-for-80th-anniversary/23651755/
  121. Miller, Caroline. "The Wizard of Oz Returns to Theaters for Judy Garland's 100 Birthday Celebration", Movieweb.com, May
    https://movieweb.com/the-wizard-of-oz-returns-to-theaters/
  122. "'Wizard of Oz,' 'Rear Window,' 'Gone With the Wind,' 'Blazing Saddles' on Big Screen Classics 2024 Lineup (Exclusive)"
    https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/big-screen-classics-2024-1235753916/
  123. "...More Than You Can Imagine: The Wizard Of Oz At Sphere"
    https://www.sphereentertainmentco.com/more-than-you-can-imagine-the-wizard-of-oz-at-sphere/
  124. Variety
    https://variety.com/2025/film/news/wizard-of-oz-sphere-ai-google-cloud-1236363959
  125. Sphere Entertainment
    https://www.sphereentertainmentco.com/sphere-studios-announces-two-new-experiences-in-production/
  126. Variety
    https://variety.com/2025/film/news/the-wizard-of-oz-sphere-immersive-experience-1236359827/
  127. Google – The Keyword
    https://blog.google/products/google-cloud/sphere-wizard-of-oz/
  128. The Verge
    https://www.theverge.com/news/643604/sphere-entertainment-las-vegas-wizard-of-oz-immersive-from-the-edge
  129. Variety
    https://variety.com/2025/music/news/wizard-of-oz-sphere-sound-design-socre-judy-garland-vocals-1236440153/
  130. USA Today
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/movies/2025/06/10/wizard-of-oz-sphere-las-vegas-ai-tickets/84117127007
  131. www.sfchronicle.com
    https://www.sfchronicle.com/entertainment/article/wizard-oz-sphere-las-vegas-21017397.php
  132. "'It stops your heart:' Revamped classic highlights Sphere soundtrack"
    https://neon.reviewjournal.com/kats/it-stops-your-heart-revamped-classic-highlights-sphere-soundtrack-3323922/
  133. The Star-Ledger
    https://www.nj.com/opinion/2014/08/the_enduring_wonder_of_the_wizard_of_oz_opinion.html
  134. Daily Republic
    https://www.dailyrepublic.com/lifestyle/local-lifestyle-columnists/the-wizard-of-oz-used-to-be-an-annual-television-event/article_dc660ce1-f43f-54fb-ab11-9e9dd963f74a.html
  135. The Wizard of Oz
    https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9B07EEDD1138EE3BBC4052DFBE668382629EDE
  136. Variety
    https://variety.com/1939/film/reviews/the-wizard-of-oz-3-1200412289/
  137. Harrison's Reports
    https://archive.org/stream/harrisonsreports21harr#page/n161/mode/2up
  138. Film Daily
    https://archive.org/stream/filmdaily76wids#page/n301/mode/2up
  139. The New Yorker
    https://www.newyorker.com/books/double-take/the-allure-of-oz
  140. Who Put the Rainbow in the Wizard of Oz?: Yip Harburg, lyricist
  141. Film Daily
    https://archive.org/stream/filmdaily77wids#page/n79/mode/2up
  142. "The History and Legacy of The Wizard of Oz: Remembering the Yellow Brick Road Before Wicked"
    https://www.nbc.com/nbc-insider/the-history-and-legacy-of-the-wizard-of-oz
  143. Rainbow: The Stormy Life Of Judy Garland
  144. obo
    https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/display/document/obo-9780199791286/obo-9780199791286-0360.xml
  145. Purdue Convocations
    https://convocations.purdue.edu/the-phenomenon-of-the-wizard-of-oz/
  146. Ebert, Roger
    http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19961222/REVIEWS08/401010348/1023
  147. The Wizard of Oz
    https://books.google.com/books?id=clnSeZfFrY8C
  148. Penguin Random House Higher Education
    https://penguinrandomhousehighereducation.com/book/?isbn=9780679783497
  149. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/movies/story/2025-01-17/appreciation-david-lynch-long-live-the-wizard
  150. The Film Stage
    https://thefilmstage.com/unpacking-david-lynchs-life-long-obsession-with-the-wizard-of-oz/
  151. The San Francisco Chronicle
    http://www.sfgate.com/movies/article/Thoughts-on-The-Wizard-of-Oz-at-70-3213164.php
  152. Vanity Fair
    https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2018/11/the-wizard-of-oz-influential-film-study
  153. "The Wizard of Oz"
    https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_wizard_of_oz_1939
  154. The Wizard of Oz
    https://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-wizard-of-oz-1939
  155. Official website of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120422064928/http://old.usccb.org/movies/vaticanfilms.shtml
  156. "Threads"
    https://www.threads.net/@letterboxd/post/DC4j7Q1hqUM
  157. Letterboxd
    https://letterboxd.com/journal/the-wizard-of-oz-85th-anniversary/
  158. Screen Rant
    https://screenrant.com/favorite-movies-famous-actors/
  159. Medium
    https://medium.com/@Jetfire852/the-influences-of-star-wars-the-wizard-of-oz-246540a010b6
  160. Variety
    https://variety.com/2020/film/news/afi-new-movie-club-streaming-film-1203550321/
  161. Script Magazine
    https://scriptmag.com/features/short-circuit-wizard-ozland-filmmaking-showcase-skills
  162. Rotten Tomatoes
    https://editorial.rottentomatoes.com/article/josh-gads-five-favorite-films/
  163. "The 12th Academy Awards (1940) Nominees and Winners"
    http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1940
  164. "Top 10 Fantasy"
    http://www.afi.com/10top10/fantasy.html
  165. Library of Congress
    https://www.loc.gov/programs/static/national-film-preservation-board/documents/wizard_oz.pdf
  166. "100 Maverick Movies in 100 Years from Rolling Stone"
    http://www.filmsite.org/rstone.html
  167. "The 100 Greatest Movies of All Time by Entertainment Weekly"
    http://www.filmsite.org/ew100.html
  168. "100 Best Films – Village Voice"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140331174817/http://www.filmsite.org/villvoice.html
  169. "Sight & Sound | Top Ten Poll 2002 – The rest of the directors' list"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120309163857/https://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/directors-long.html
  170. "Movie News: Who is the greatest?"
    http://www.totalfilm.com/movie_news/who_is_the_greatest
  171. "The 100 Scariest Movie Moments"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20060713230931/http://www.bravotv.com/The_100_Scariest_Movie_Moments/index.shtml
  172. "Total Film's 23 Weirdest Films of All Time on Lists of Bests"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090207085229/http://www.listsofbests.com/list/30267
  173. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/music/2007/mar/18/features.musicmonthly14
  174. British Film Institute
    https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/50-films-see-age-15
  175. New York Magazine
    https://www.vulture.com/article/best-oscar-best-picture-losers.html
  176. Parade
    https://parade.com/1222580/samuelmurrian/best-movies-all-time/
  177. Comic Book Resources
    https://www.cbr.com/best-movies-all-time-ranked/#the-wizard-of-oz-1939
  178. IndieWire
    https://www.indiewire.com/gallery/best-musicals-all-time-movies/the-wizard-of-oz-3/
  179. The Wizard of Oz
    http://www.thejudyroom.com/oz/production.html#timeline
  180. Back Issue!
  181. The New York Times
    https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9F03EFD91039F932A15755C0A963948260
  182. American Hollywood
  183. ET Online
    http://www.etonline.com/movies/131252_Return_to_Oz_Flashback_with_Fairuza_Balk/index.html?viewFull=true
  184. Tom and Jerry & The Wizard of Oz Blu-ray Archived June 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Blu-ray, Retrieved June 17, 2016
    http://www.blu-ray.com/movies/Tom-and-Jerry-and-The-Wizard-of-Oz-Blu-ray/23662/#Overview
  185. Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz Archived November 16, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Warnerbros.com, Retrieved June 18, 2016
    https://www.warnerbros.com/tom-and-jerry-back-oz
  186. "Oz The Great and Powerful (2013)"
    https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=oz.htm
  187. "Oz the Great and Powerful (2013)"
    https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/oz_the_great_and_powerful/
  188. Rama's Screen
    http://www.ramascreen.com/3d-animated-movie-legends-of-oz-dorothys-return-voice-starring-lea-michele-opens-may-2-2014-and-its-coming-to-cannes
  189. Screen Rant
    https://screenrant.com/wizard-oz-remake-show-development-nicole-kassell-producer/
  190. "Kenya Barris to Write & Direct Reimagining of 'Wizard of Oz' for Warner Bros; Khalabo Ink Society Producing"
    https://deadline.com/2022/08/wizard-of-oz-kenya-barris-warner-bros-new-movie-directing-writing-khalabo-ink-society-producing-1235092446/
  191. Variety
    https://variety.com/2022/film/news/wizard-of-oz-remake-kenya-barris-1235341583/
  192. "Kenya Barris' Richard Pryor Biopic is a 10-Episode Series; New 'Wizard of Oz' is Set in Inglewood and 'It's a Wonderful Life' Remake Has POC Lead: 'I'm Still a Believer in IP'"
    https://variety.com/2024/film/news/kenya-barris-richard-pryor-biopic-television-series-1235879679/
  193. Billboard
    https://www.billboard.com/culture/tv-film/american-idol-promo-wizard-of-oz-season-22-katy-perry-1235573915/
  194. Rolling Stone
    https://www.rollingstone.com/tv-movies/tv-movie-news/american-idol-season-22-wizard-of-oz-promo-katy-perry-1234937093/
  195. Library of Congress
    https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/oz/
  196. Library of Congress
    https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/oz/
  197. The Making of the Wizard of Oz: Movie Magic and Studio Power in the Prime of MGM
  198. "The Ruby Slippers: Inventing an American Icon"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100420213857/http://invention.smithsonian.org/resources/online_articles_detail.aspx?id=593
  199. Forbes
    https://www.forbes.com/2008/12/03/wizard-slippers-collection-forbeslife-cx_mb_1203slippers.html
  200. Smithsonian
    http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/for-those-ruby-red-slippers-theres-no-place-like-home-130170740/?no-ist
  201. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/film/costume-and-culture/2015/jul/13/wizard-of-oz-stolen-ruby-slippers-anonymous-donor-1m-reward
  202. Smithsonian.com
    https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/fbi-nabs-dorothys-ruby-slippers-after-13-years-run-180970196/
  203. www.loc.gov
    https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/oz/ozsect2.html
  204. "Debbie Reynolds Auction Breaks Up Historic Hollywood Collection"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140318102352/http://blogs.indiewire.com/thompsononhollywood/debbie_reynolds_auction_breaks_up_historic_hollywood_collection
  205. Smithsonian Institution
    https://www.si.edu/object/dorothys-ruby-slippers%3Anmah_670130
  206. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-67101888
  207. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-68062368
  208. NBC News
    https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/ruby-slippers-worn-judy-garland-wizard-oz-sell-325-million-auction-rcna183339
  209. Rolling Stone
    https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/kurt-cobain-unplugged-guitar-auction-1018229/
  210. "Man indicted in theft of 'Wizard of Oz' ruby slippers worn by Judy Garland"
    https://apnews.com/article/solen-ruby-slippers-wizard-of-oz-5d142469ad5f052f6af053d20dbf20c4
  211. WLS-TV
    https://abc7chicago.com/dorothy-dress-judy-garland-wizard-of-oz-found-university/10901379/
  212. "The Wonderful World of Disney Has a Long History With the Wonderful World of Oz"
    https://allears.net/2019/10/22/the-wonderful-world-of-disney-has-a-long-history-with-the-wonderful-world-of-oz/
  213. "Finding Oz in Disneyland Paris"
    https://photosmagiques.com/2013/03/11/finding-oz-in-disneyland-paris/
  214. Attractions Magazine
    https://attractionsmagazine.com/guest-editorial-the-closure-of-the-great-movie-ride-is-the-end-of-an-era-in-disney-themeing/
  215. "Journey Over the Rainbow with an all-new The Wizard of Oz Precinct Coming to Warner Bros. Movie World"
    https://www.parkz.com.au/article/2022/07/20/729-Journey_Over_the_Rainbow_with_an_all-new_The_Wizard_of_Oz_Precinct_Coming_to_Warner_Bros_Movie_World.html
Image
Source:
Tip: Wheel or +/− to zoom, drag to pan, Esc to close.