| Subspecies | Trinomial authority | Description | Range | Synonyms |
| Northern stoat M. e. erminea (Nominate subspecies) | Linnaeus, 1758 | A small-to-medium-sized subspecies with a relatively short and broad facial region | The Kola Peninsula, Scandinavia | hyberna (Kerr, 1792) maculata (Billberg, 1827) |
| Middle Russian stoatM. e. aestiva | Kerr, 1792 | A moderately sized subspecies with dark, tawny or chestnut summer fur | European Russia (except for the Kola Peninsula), Central and Western Europe | algiricus (Thomas, 1895) alpestris (Burg, 1920) giganteus (Burg, 1920) major (Nilsson, 1820) |
| Tundra stoat M. e. arctica | Merriam, 1826 | A large subspecies, with a dark yellowish-brown summer coat, a deep yellow underbelly and a massive skull; it resembles the Eurasian stoat subspecies more closely than any other American stoat subspecies | Alaska, northwestern Canada, and the Arctic Archipelago (except for Baffin Island) | audax (Barrett-Hamilton, 1904) kadiacensis (Merriam, 1896) kadiacensis (Osgood, 1901) richardsonii (Bonaparte, 1838) |
| M. e. augustidens | Brown, 1908 | | | |
| Fergana stoat M. e. ferghanae | Thomas, 1895 | A small subspecies; it has a very light, straw-brownish or greyish coat, which is short and soft. Light spots, sometimes forming a collar, are present on the neck. It does not turn white in winter. | Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay mountains, Afghanistan, India, western Tibet and the adjacent parts of the Tien Shan in China | shnitnikovi (Ognev, 1935) whiteheadi (Wroughton, 1908) |
| Irish stoat M. e. hibernica | Thomas and Barrett-Hamilton, 1895 | Larger than aestiva, but smaller than stabilis. It is distinguished by the irregular pattern on the dividing line between the dark and pale fur on the flanks, though 13.5% of Irish stoats exhibit the more typical straight dividing line. They do not turn white in winter. | Ireland and Isle of Man | |
| Kodiak stoat M. e. kadiacensis | Merriam, 1896 | | Kodiak Island | |
| East Siberian stoat (known locally as Ezo stoat in Japan)M. e. kaneii | Baird, 1857 | A moderately sized subspecies. It is smaller than M. e. tobolica, with close similarities to M. e. arctica. The colour of the summer coat is relatively light, with varying intensities of browning-yellow tinges. | Eastern Siberia and the Russian Far East including Kamchatka, except the Amur Oblast and Ussuriland, Transbaikalia and the Sayan Mountains. Also in Hokkaidō. | baturini (Ognev, 1929) digna (Hall, 1944) kamtschatica (Dybowski, 1922) kanei (G. Allen, 1914) naumovi (Jurgenson, 1938) orientalis (Ognev, 1928) transbaikalica (Ognev, 1928) |
| Karaginsky stoat M. e. karaginensis | Jurgenson, 1936 | A very small subspecies with a light chestnut-coloured summer coat | Karaginsky Island, along the eastern coast of Kamchatka | |
| Altai stoat Mustela e. lymani | Hollister, 1912 | A moderately sized subspecies with less dense fur than M. e. tobolica. The colour of its summer coat consists of weakly developed reddish-brown tones. The skull is similar to that of M. e. aestiva. | The mountains of southern Siberia eastwards to Baikal and the contiguous parts of Mongolia | |
| M. e. martinoi | Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951 | | | birulai (Martino and Martino, 1930) |
| Swiss stoatM. e. minima | Cavazza, 1912 | | Switzerland | |
| Gobi stoat M. e. mongolica | Ognev, 1928 | | The Govi-Altai Province | |
| Japanese stoat M. e. nippon | Cabrera, 1913 | | northern Honshū | |
| M. e. ognevi | Jurgenson, 1932 | | | |
| Polar stoat M. e. polaris | Barrett-Hamilton, 1904 | | Greenland | |
| Hebrides stoat M. e. ricinae | Miller, 1907 | | The Hebrides | |
| M. e. salva | Hall, 1944 | | | |
| British stoat M. e. stabilis | Barrett-Hamilton, 1904 | Larger than mainland European stoats | Great Britain; introduced to New Zealand | |
| Caucasian stoat M. e. teberdina | Korneev, 1941 | A small subspecies with a coffee to reddish-tawny summer coat | The northern slope of the middle part of the main Caucasus range | balkarica (Basiev, 1962) |
| Tobolsk stoat M. e. tobolica | Ognev, 1923 | A large subspecies; it is somewhat larger than aestiva, with long and dense fur. | Western Siberia, eastwards to the Yenisei and Altai Mountains and in Kazakhstan | |
