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SpaceX

Updated: Wikipedia source

SpaceX

Space Exploration Technologies Corp., commonly known as SpaceX, is a private American aerospace company and space transportation company headquartered at the Starbase development site in Starbase, Texas. Since its founding in 2002, the company has made numerous advances in rocket propulsion, reusable launch vehicles, human spaceflight and satellite constellation technology. As of 2025, SpaceX is the world's dominant space launch provider, its launch cadence eclipsing all others, including private competitors and national programs like the Chinese space program. SpaceX, NASA, and the United States Armed Forces work closely together by means of governmental contracts. SpaceX was founded by Elon Musk in 2002 with a vision of decreasing the costs of space launches, paving the way to a self-sustaining colony on Mars. In 2008, Falcon 1 successfully launched into orbit after three failed launch attempts. The company then moved towards the development of the larger Falcon 9 rocket and the Dragon 1 capsule to satisfy NASA's COTS contracts for deliveries to the International Space Station. By 2012, SpaceX finished all COTS test flights and began delivering Commercial Resupply Services missions to the International Space Station. Also around that time, SpaceX started developing hardware to make the Falcon 9 first stage reusable. The company demonstrated the first successful first-stage landing in 2015 and re-launch of the first stage in 2017. Falcon Heavy, built from three Falcon 9 boosters, first flew in 2018 after a more than decade-long development process. As of May 2025, the company's Falcon 9 rockets have landed and flown again more than 450 times, reaching 1–3 launches a week. These milestones delivered the company much-needed investment and SpaceX sought to diversify its sources of income. In 2019, the first operational satellite of the Starlink internet satellite constellation came online. In subsequent years, Starlink generated the bulk of SpaceX's income and paved the way for its Starshield military counterpart. In 2020, SpaceX began to operate its Dragon 2 capsules to deliver crewed missions for NASA and private entities. Around this time, SpaceX began building test prototypes for Starship, which is the largest launch vehicle in history and aims to fully realize the company's vision of a fully reusable, cost-effective and adaptable launch vehicle. SpaceX is also developing its own space suit and astronaut via its Polaris program as well as developing the human lander for lunar missions under NASA's Artemis program. SpaceX is not publicly traded; a space industry newspaper estimated that SpaceX has a revenue of over $10 billion in 2024.

Infobox

Trade name
SpaceX
Company type
Private
Industry
mw- SpaceTelecommunications
Founded
March 14, 2002 (23 years ago) (2002-03-14) in El Segundo, California, U.S.
Founder
Elon Musk
Headquarters
SpaceX Starbase, 1 Rocket Road, Starbase, Texas, U.S.
Key people
Elon Musk (CEO, chairman & CTO)Gwynne Shotwell (president & COO)
Products
Launch vehiclesDragon capsulesStarshield
Revenue
US$13.1 billion (2024)
Operating income
US$4.5 billion (2024)
Owner
Elon Musk (42% equity; 79% voting control)
Number of employees
13,000 (September 2023)
Subsidiaries
StarlinkSwarm TechnologiesPioneer Aerospace
Website
spacex.com

Tables

· History › Summary of achievements
September 28, 2008
September 28, 2008
Date
September 28, 2008
Achievement
First privately funded, fully liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.
Flight
Falcon 1 Flight 4
July 14, 2009
July 14, 2009
Date
July 14, 2009
Achievement
First privately funded, fully liquid-fueled rocket to put a commercial satellite in orbit.
Flight
Falcon 1 Flight 5
December 9, 2010
December 9, 2010
Date
December 9, 2010
Achievement
First private company to successfully launch, orbit, and recover a spacecraft.
Flight
SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 1
May 25, 2012
May 25, 2012
Date
May 25, 2012
Achievement
First private company to send a spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS).
Flight
SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 2
December 22, 2015
December 22, 2015
Date
December 22, 2015
Achievement
First landing of an orbital-class rocket's first stage on land.
Flight
Falcon 9 Flight 20
April 8, 2016
April 8, 2016
Date
April 8, 2016
Achievement
First landing of an orbital-class rocket's first stage on an ocean platform.
Flight
SpaceX CRS-8
March 30, 2017
March 30, 2017
Date
March 30, 2017
Achievement
First reuse and (second) landing of an orbital first stage.
Flight
SES-10
First controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing.
First controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing.
Date
First controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing.
June 3, 2017
June 3, 2017
Date
June 3, 2017
Achievement
First reuse of a commercial cargo spacecraft.
Flight
SpaceX CRS-11
February 6, 2018
February 6, 2018
Date
February 6, 2018
Achievement
First private spacecraft launched into heliocentric orbit.
Flight
Falcon Heavy test flight
March 2, 2019
March 2, 2019
Date
March 2, 2019
Achievement
First private company to send a human-rated spacecraft to orbit.
Flight
Crew Dragon Demo-1
March 3, 2019
March 3, 2019
Date
March 3, 2019
Achievement
First private company to autonomously dock a human-rated spacecraft to the ISS.
July 25, 2019
July 25, 2019
Date
July 25, 2019
Achievement
First flight of a full-flow staged combustion cycle engine (Raptor).
Flight
Starhopper
November 11, 2019
November 11, 2019
Date
November 11, 2019
Achievement
First reuse of a payload fairing.
Flight
Starlink 2 v1.0
May 30, 2020
May 30, 2020
Date
May 30, 2020
Achievement
First private company to send humans into orbit.
Flight
Crew Dragon Demo-2
First private company to send humans to the ISS.
First private company to send humans to the ISS.
Date
First private company to send humans to the ISS.
January 24, 2021
January 24, 2021
Date
January 24, 2021
Achievement
Most spacecraft launched on a single mission, 143 satellites.
Flight
Transporter-1
April 23, 2021
April 23, 2021
Date
April 23, 2021
Achievement
First reuse of a crewed space capsule.
Flight
SpaceX Crew-2 / Endeavour
First reused booster to send humans into orbit.
First reused booster to send humans into orbit.
Date
First reused booster to send humans into orbit.
June 17, 2021
June 17, 2021
Date
June 17, 2021
Achievement
First reused booster to launch a 'national security' mission.
Flight
GPS III-05
September 16, 2021
September 16, 2021
Date
September 16, 2021
Achievement
First orbital launch of an all-private crew.
Flight
Inspiration4
November 24, 2021
November 24, 2021
Date
November 24, 2021
Achievement
Longest streak of orbital launches without a mission failure or partial failure for a single rocket type (Falcon 9, 101 launches).
Flight
Double Asteroid Redirection Test
April 9, 2022
April 9, 2022
Date
April 9, 2022
Achievement
First all-private crew to dock with the International Space Station.
Flight
Axiom Mission 1
October 20, 2022
October 20, 2022
Date
October 20, 2022
Achievement
Highest number of launches of a single rocket type in a calendar year (Falcon 9, 48 launches).
Flight
Starlink 4-36
April 20, 2023
April 20, 2023
Date
April 20, 2023
Achievement
Tallest, most massive, most powerful rocket to ever launch.
Flight
SpaceX Starship orbital test flight
March 14, 2024
March 14, 2024
Date
March 14, 2024
Achievement
Starship reaches intended orbital velocity for the first time.
Flight
SpaceX Starship integrated flight test 3
April 12, 2024
April 12, 2024
Date
April 12, 2024
Achievement
A single Falcon 9 booster reused for the 20th time.
Flight
Booster 1062
September 12, 2024
September 12, 2024
Date
September 12, 2024
Achievement
First commercial spacewalk
Flight
Polaris Dawn
October 13, 2024
October 13, 2024
Date
October 13, 2024
Achievement
First Super Heavy booster catch
Flight
Starship flight test 5
November 19, 2024
November 19, 2024
Date
November 19, 2024
Achievement
First in space relight of a full-flow staged combustion cycle engine (Raptor).
Flight
Starship flight test 6
May 27, 2025
May 27, 2025
Date
May 27, 2025
Achievement
First reuse of a Super Heavy booster
Flight
Starship flight test 9
Date
Achievement
Flight
September 28, 2008
First privately funded, fully liquid-fueled rocket to reach orbit.
Falcon 1 Flight 4
July 14, 2009
First privately funded, fully liquid-fueled rocket to put a commercial satellite in orbit.
Falcon 1 Flight 5
December 9, 2010
First private company to successfully launch, orbit, and recover a spacecraft.
SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 1
May 25, 2012
First private company to send a spacecraft to the International Space Station (ISS).
SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 2
December 22, 2015
First landing of an orbital-class rocket's first stage on land.
Falcon 9 Flight 20
April 8, 2016
First landing of an orbital-class rocket's first stage on an ocean platform.
SpaceX CRS-8
March 30, 2017
First reuse and (second) landing of an orbital first stage.
SES-10
First controlled flyback and recovery of a payload fairing.
June 3, 2017
First reuse of a commercial cargo spacecraft.
SpaceX CRS-11
February 6, 2018
First private spacecraft launched into heliocentric orbit.
Falcon Heavy test flight
March 2, 2019
First private company to send a human-rated spacecraft to orbit.
Crew Dragon Demo-1
March 3, 2019
First private company to autonomously dock a human-rated spacecraft to the ISS.
July 25, 2019
First flight of a full-flow staged combustion cycle engine (Raptor).
Starhopper
November 11, 2019
First reuse of a payload fairing.
Starlink 2 v1.0
May 30, 2020
First private company to send humans into orbit.
Crew Dragon Demo-2
First private company to send humans to the ISS.
January 24, 2021
Most spacecraft launched on a single mission, 143 satellites.
Transporter-1
April 23, 2021
First reuse of a crewed space capsule.
SpaceX Crew-2 / Endeavour
First reused booster to send humans into orbit.
June 17, 2021
First reused booster to launch a 'national security' mission.
GPS III-05
September 16, 2021
First orbital launch of an all-private crew.
Inspiration4
November 24, 2021
Longest streak of orbital launches without a mission failure or partial failure for a single rocket type (Falcon 9, 101 launches).
Double Asteroid Redirection Test
April 9, 2022
First all-private crew to dock with the International Space Station.
Axiom Mission 1
October 20, 2022
Highest number of launches of a single rocket type in a calendar year (Falcon 9, 48 launches).
Starlink 4-36
April 20, 2023
Tallest, most massive, most powerful rocket to ever launch.
SpaceX Starship orbital test flight
March 14, 2024
Starship reaches intended orbital velocity for the first time.
SpaceX Starship integrated flight test 3
April 12, 2024
A single Falcon 9 booster reused for the 20th time.
Booster 1062
September 12, 2024
First commercial spacewalk
Polaris Dawn
October 13, 2024
First Super Heavy booster catch
Starship flight test 5
November 19, 2024
First in space relight of a full-flow staged combustion cycle engine (Raptor).
Starship flight test 6
May 27, 2025
First reuse of a Super Heavy booster
Starship flight test 9
· Corporate affairs › Business trends
2002
2002
Year
2002
Number of employees
ca. 30
2003
2003
Year
2003
2004
2004
Year
2004
2005
2005
Year
2005
Number of employees
ca. 90 (Feb.)ca. 160 (Nov.)
2006
2006
Year
2006
2007
2007
Year
2007
Number of employees
ca. 350 (Aug.)
2008
2008
Year
2008
Number of employees
ca. 600 (Dec.)
2009
2009
Year
2009
Number of employees
> 800 (Dec.)
2010
2010
Year
2010
Number of employees
> 1,000 (June)
2011
2011
Year
2011
Number of employees
ca. 1,300 (Jan.)
2012
2012
Year
2012
Valuation(billion USD)
2.4 (June)
Number of employees
ca. 1,800 (May)
2013
2013
Year
2013
Number of employees
ca. 3,800 (Oct.)
2014
2014
Year
2014
Valuation(billion USD)
10 (Aug.)
2015
2015
Year
2015
Valuation(billion USD)
12 (Jan.)
2016
2016
Year
2016
Valuation(billion USD)
15 (Nov.)
Number of employees
ca. 5,000 (Nov.)
2017
2017
Year
2017
Valuation(billion USD)
21 (Nov.)
Number of employees
ca. 7,000 (Nov.)
2018
2018
Year
2018
Valuation(billion USD)
27 (Apr.)
2019
2019
Year
2019
Valuation(billion USD)
33 (May)
Number of employees
> 6,000 (July)
2020
2020
Year
2020
Revenue(billion USD)
1.8
Valuation(billion USD)
46 (Aug.)
2021
2021
Year
2021
Revenue(billion USD)
2.3
Valuation(billion USD)
74 (Feb.)100 (Oct.)
Number of employees
> 9,500 (March)
2022
2022
Year
2022
Revenue(billion USD)
4.6
Valuation(billion USD)
127 (Aug.)
Number of employees
ca. 12,000 (April)
2023
2023
Year
2023
Revenue(billion USD)
9
Valuation(billion USD)
137 (Jan.)180 (Dec.)
Number of employees
> 13,000 (Sept.)
2024
2024
Year
2024
Revenue(billion USD)
13.1
Valuation(billion USD)
350 (Dec.)
2025
2025
Year
2025
Revenue(billion USD)
ca. 15.5
Valuation(billion USD)
ca. 400 (July)
Year
Revenue(billion USD)
Valuation(billion USD)
Number of employees
2002
ca. 30
2003
2004
2005
ca. 90 (Feb.)ca. 160 (Nov.)
2006
2007
ca. 350 (Aug.)
2008
ca. 600 (Dec.)
2009
> 800 (Dec.)
2010
> 1,000 (June)
2011
ca. 1,300 (Jan.)
2012
June)
ca. 1,800 (May)
2013
ca. 3,800 (Oct.)
2014
10 (Aug.)
2015
12 (Jan.)
2016
15 (Nov.)
ca. 5,000 (Nov.)
2017
21 (Nov.)
ca. 7,000 (Nov.)
2018
27 (Apr.)
2019
33 (May)
> 6,000 (July)
2020
1.8
46 (Aug.)
2021
2.3
74 (Feb.)100 (Oct.)
> 9,500 (March)
2022
4.6
127 (Aug.)
ca. 12,000 (April)
2023
9
137 (Jan.)180 (Dec.)
> 13,000 (Sept.)
2024
13.1
350 (Dec.)
2025
ca. 15.5
ca. 400 (July)
SpaceX board of directors as of January 2021[337] · Corporate affairs › Board of directors
Elon Musk
Elon Musk
Joined board
2002
Name
Elon Musk
Titles
Founder, chairman, CEO and CTO of SpaceX; CEO, Product Architect, and former chairman of Tesla; former chairman of SolarCity
Kimbal Musk
Kimbal Musk
Joined board
2002
Name
Kimbal Musk
Titles
Board member, Tesla
Gwynne Shotwell
Gwynne Shotwell
Joined board
2009
Name
Gwynne Shotwell
Titles
President and COO of SpaceX
Co-founder, PayPal
Co-founder, PayPal
Joined board
Luke Nosek
Name
Co-founder, PayPal
Co-founder, Future Ventures fund
Co-founder, Future Ventures fund
Joined board
Steve Jurvetson
Name
Co-founder, Future Ventures fund
Antonio Gracias
Antonio Gracias
Joined board
2010
Name
Antonio Gracias
Titles
CEO and Chairman of the Investment Committee at Valor Equity Partners
Donald Harrison
Donald Harrison
Joined board
2015
Name
Donald Harrison
Titles
President of global partnerships and corporate development, Google
Joined board
Name
Titles
2002
Elon Musk
Founder, chairman, CEO and CTO of SpaceX; CEO, Product Architect, and former chairman of Tesla; former chairman of SolarCity
2002
Kimbal Musk
Board member, Tesla
2009
Gwynne Shotwell
President and COO of SpaceX
Luke Nosek
Co-founder, PayPal
Steve Jurvetson
Co-founder, Future Ventures fund
2010
Antonio Gracias
CEO and Chairman of the Investment Committee at Valor Equity Partners
2015
Donald Harrison
President of global partnerships and corporate development, Google

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