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South Korea

Updated: Wikipedia source

South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and the Sea of Japan to the east. Like North Korea, South Korea claims to be the sole legitimate government of the entire peninsula and adjacent islands. It has a population of about 52 million, of which half live in the Seoul metropolitan area, the ninth most populous metropolitan area in the world; other major cities include Busan, Daegu, and Incheon. The Korean Peninsula was inhabited as early as the Lower Paleolithic period. Its first kingdom was noted in Chinese records in the early seventh century BC. From the mid first century BC, various polities consolidated into the rival kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla. The lattermost eventually unified most of the peninsula for the first time in the late seventh century AD, while Balhae succeeded Goguryeo in the north. The Goryeo dynasty (918–1392) achieved lasting unification and established the basis for the modern Korean identity. The subsequent Joseon dynasty (1392–1897) generated cultural, economic, and scientific achievements and also established isolationism starting from the mid-17th century. The succeeding Korean Empire (1897–1910) sought modernization and reform but was annexed in 1910 into the Empire of Japan. Japanese rule ended following Japan's surrender in World War II, after which Korea was divided into two zones: the Soviet-occupied northern zone and the United States-occupied southern zone. After negotiations on reunification failed, the southern zone became the Republic of Korea in August 1948, while the northern zone became the communist Democratic People's Republic of Korea the following month. In 1950, a North Korean invasion triggered the Korean War, one of the first major proxy conflicts of the Cold War, which saw extensive fighting involving the American-led United Nations Command and the Soviet-backed People's Volunteer Army from China. The war ended in 1953 with an armistice and left three million Koreans dead and the economy in ruins; due to the lack of a peace treaty, the Korean conflict is still ongoing. South Korea endured a series of dictatorships punctuated by coups, revolutions, and violent uprisings, but also experienced a soaring economy and one of the fastest rises in average GDP per capita, leading to its emergence as one of the Four Asian Tigers. The June Democratic Struggle of 1987 ended authoritarian rule and led to the establishment of the current Sixth Republic. South Korea is now considered among the most advanced democracies in continental and East Asia. Under the 1987 constitution, it maintains a unitary presidential republic with a popularly elected unicameral legislature, the National Assembly. South Korea is a major non-NATO ally of the United States and is regarded as a regional power in East Asia and an emerging power in global affairs; its conscription-based armed forces are ranked as one of the strongest in the world and have the second highest number of military and paramilitary personnel. A highly developed country, South Korea's economy is ranked 14th largest in the world by nominal GDP and PPP-adjusted GDP; it is the world's eleventh-largest exporter and seventh-largest importer. South Korea performs well in metrics of education, human development, democratic governance, and innovation. It has one of the world's longest life expectances, though its population is aging rapidly and has the lowest fertility rate in the world. South Korea has some of the fastest Internet connection speeds and densest high-speed railway networks. Since the turn of the 21st century, the country has been renowned for its globally influential pop culture, particularly in music, TV dramas, and cinema, a phenomenon referred to as the Korean Wave. South Korea is a member of the OECD's Development Assistance Committee, the G20, the IPEF, and the Paris Club.

Infobox

Capitaland largest city
Seoul 37°33′N 126°58′E / 37.550°N 126.967°E / 37.550; 126.967
Official languages
Korean (Pyojuneo)Korean Sign Language
Official script
Hangul
Ethnic groups (2024)
mw- 94.8% Korean 5.2% other
Demonyms
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li South KoreanKorean
Government
Unitary presidential republic
• President
Lee Jae Myung
• Prime Minister
Kim Min-seok
• Speaker of the National Assembly
Woo Won-shik
Legislature
National Assembly
• Excl. North Korea
100,363 km2 (38,750 sq mi) (107th)
• Water (%)
0.3
• 2024 estimate
52,081,799 (29th)
• Density
507/km2 (1,313.1/sq mi) (27th)
GDP (PPP)
2025 estimate
• Total
$1.859 trillion (14th)
• Per capita
$35,962 (33rd)
GDP (nominal)
2025 estimate
Gini (2021)
33.3 } }medium inequality
HDI (2023)
0.937very high (20th)
Currency
Korean Republic won (₩) (KRW)
Time zone
UTC 9 (Korea Standard Time)
Calling code
82
ISO 3166 code
KR
Internet TLD
kr.한국
• Constitution adopted
17 July 1948
• American administration south of the 38th parallel
8 September 1945
• Provisional Government in-exile
11 April 1919
• ROK established
15 August 1948

Tables

· Government and politics
Lee Jae-myungPresident
Lee Jae-myungPresident
Col 1
Lee Jae-myungPresident
Col 2
Kim Min-seokPrime Minister
Lee Jae-myungPresident
Kim Min-seokPrime Minister
· Government and politics › Administrative divisions
Special metropolitan city (Teukbyeol-si)a
Special metropolitan city (Teukbyeol-si)a
Map
Gangwon Seoul Incheon Gyeonggi S.Chungcheong N.Chungcheong Sejong Daejeon N. Gyeongsang Jeonbuk Daegu Ulsan Busan S. Gyeongsang Gwangju S. Jeolla Jeju N. Hamgyeong S. Hamgyeong N. Pyeongan S. Pyeongan Hwanghae China Russia JapanYellow Sea Korea Strait(Busan Strait) Korea Strait(Tsushima Strait) Sea of Japan(East Sea)
Name (city/ province)
Special metropolitan city (Teukbyeol-si)a
서울특별시
서울특별시
Map
Seoul
Name (city/ province)
서울특별시
Hangul
서울特別市b
Hanja
9,830,452
부산광역시
부산광역시
Map
Busan
Name (city/ province)
부산광역시
Hangul
釜山廣域市
Hanja
3,460,707
대구광역시
대구광역시
Map
Daegu
Name (city/ province)
대구광역시
Hangul
大邱廣域市
Hanja
2,471,136
인천광역시
인천광역시
Map
Incheon
Name (city/ province)
인천광역시
Hangul
仁川廣域市
Hanja
2,952,476
광주광역시
광주광역시
Map
Gwangju
Name (city/ province)
광주광역시
Hangul
光州廣域市
Hanja
1,460,972
대전광역시
대전광역시
Map
Daejeon
Name (city/ province)
대전광역시
Hangul
大田廣域市
Hanja
1,496,123
울산광역시
울산광역시
Map
Ulsan
Name (city/ province)
울산광역시
Hangul
蔚山廣域市
Hanja
1,161,303
세종특별자치시
세종특별자치시
Map
Sejong
Name (city/ province)
세종특별자치시
Hangul
世宗特別自治市
Hanja
295,041
경기도
경기도
Map
Gyeonggi
Name (city/ province)
경기도
Hangul
京畿道
Hanja
12,941,604
충청북도
충청북도
Map
North Chungcheong
Name (city/ province)
충청북도
Hangul
忠淸北道
Hanja
1,595,164
충청남도
충청남도
Map
South Chungcheong
Name (city/ province)
충청남도
Hangul
忠淸南道
Hanja
2,120,666
전라남도
전라남도
Map
South Jeolla
Name (city/ province)
전라남도
Hangul
全羅南道
Hanja
1,890,412
경상북도
경상북도
Map
North Gyeongsang
Name (city/ province)
경상북도
Hangul
慶尙北道
Hanja
2,682,897
경상남도
경상남도
Map
South Gyeongsang
Name (city/ province)
경상남도
Hangul
慶尙南道
Hanja
3,377,126
제주특별자치도
제주특별자치도
Map
Jeju
Name (city/ province)
제주특별자치도
Hangul
濟州特別自治道
Hanja
661,511
강원특별자치도
강원특별자치도
Map
Gangwon
Name (city/ province)
강원특별자치도
Hangul
江原特別自治道
Hanja
1,545,452
전북특별자치도
전북특별자치도
Map
North Jeolla
Name (city/ province)
전북특별자치도
Hangul
全北特別自治道
Hanja
1,847,089
함경북도
함경북도
Map
North Hamgyeong
Name (city/ province)
함경북도
Hangul
咸鏡北道
Hanja
함경남도
함경남도
Map
South Hamgyeong
Name (city/ province)
함경남도
Hangul
咸鏡南道
Hanja
평안북도
평안북도
Map
North Pyeongan
Name (city/ province)
평안북도
Hangul
平安北道
Hanja
평안남도
평안남도
Map
South Pyeongan
Name (city/ province)
평안남도
Hangul
平安南道
Hanja
황해도
황해도
Map
Hwanghae
Name (city/ province)
황해도
Hangul
黃海道
Hanja
Map
Name (city/ province)
Hangul
Hanja
Populationc
Gangwon Seoul Incheon Gyeonggi S.Chungcheong N.Chungcheong Sejong Daejeon N. Gyeongsang Jeonbuk Daegu Ulsan Busan S. Gyeongsang Gwangju S. Jeolla Jeju N. Hamgyeong S. Hamgyeong N. Pyeongan S. Pyeongan Hwanghae China Russia JapanYellow Sea Korea Strait(Busan Strait) Korea Strait(Tsushima Strait) Sea of Japan(East Sea)
Special metropolitan city (Teukbyeol-si)a
Seoul
서울특별시
서울特別市b
9,830,452
Metropolitan city (Gwangyeok-si)a
Busan
부산광역시
釜山廣域市
3,460,707
Daegu
대구광역시
大邱廣域市
2,471,136
Incheon
인천광역시
仁川廣域市
2,952,476
Gwangju
광주광역시
光州廣域市
1,460,972
Daejeon
대전광역시
大田廣域市
1,496,123
Ulsan
울산광역시
蔚山廣域市
1,161,303
Special self-governing city (Teukbyeol-jachi-si)a
Sejong
세종특별자치시
世宗特別自治市
295,041
Province (Do)a
Gyeonggi
경기도
京畿道
12,941,604
North Chungcheong
충청북도
忠淸北道
1,595,164
South Chungcheong
충청남도
忠淸南道
2,120,666
South Jeolla
전라남도
全羅南道
1,890,412
North Gyeongsang
경상북도
慶尙北道
2,682,897
South Gyeongsang
경상남도
慶尙南道
3,377,126
Special self-governing province (Teukbyeol-jachi-do)a
Jeju
제주특별자치도
濟州特別自治道
661,511
Gangwon
강원특별자치도
江原特別自治道
1,545,452
North Jeolla
전북특별자치도
全北特別自治道
1,847,089
Claimed Province but not controlled (North Korea)
North Hamgyeong
함경북도
咸鏡北道
South Hamgyeong
함경남도
咸鏡南道
North Pyeongan
평안북도
平安北道
South Pyeongan
평안남도
平安南道
Hwanghae
황해도
黃海道

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  3. South Korea claims five of its provinces that are controlled by North Korea, which it does not control along with the tw
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  384. "New Jersey, Mexico, and Korea dropped from 2014 F1 calendar"
    https://www.bbc.com/sport/0/formula1/25220593
  385. Korea Be Inspired
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131228003001/http://english.visitkorea.or.kr/enu/SI/SI_EN_3_1_2_4.jsp?recommCid=803724&folderId=19927
  386. Korea's Online Gaming Empire
    https://archive.org/details/koreasonlinegami00jind
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