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Sino-Indian War

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Sino-Indian War

The Sino-Indian War, also known as the China–India War or the Indo-China War, was an armed conflict between China and India that took place from October to November 1962. It was a military escalation of the Sino-Indian border dispute. Fighting occurred along India's border with China, in India's North-East Frontier Agency east of Bhutan, and in Aksai Chin west of Nepal. There had been a series of border skirmishes between the two countries after the 1959 Tibetan uprising, when India granted asylum to the Dalai Lama. Chinese military action grew increasingly aggressive after India rejected proposed Chinese diplomatic settlements throughout 1960–1962, with China resuming previously banned "forward patrols" in Ladakh after 30 April 1962. Amidst the Cuban Missile Crisis, seeing that the U.S. was pre-occupied with dealing with it, China abandoned all attempts towards a peaceful resolution on 20 October 1962, invading disputed territory along the 3,225-kilometre (2,004 mi) border in Ladakh and across the McMahon Line in the northeastern frontier. Chinese troops pushed Indian forces back in both theatres, capturing all of their claimed territory in the western theatre and the Tawang Tract in the eastern theatre. The conflict ended when China unilaterally declared a ceasefire on 20 November 1962, which can be attributed to the end of the Cuban Missile Crisis and fears of U.S. intervention to support India, and simultaneously announced its withdrawal to its pre-war position, the effective China–India border (also known as the Line of Actual Control). Much of the fighting comprised mountain warfare, entailing large-scale combat at altitudes of over 4,000 metres (13,000 feet). Notably, the war took place entirely on land, without the use of naval or air assets by either side. As the Sino-Soviet split deepened, the Soviet Union made a major effort to support India, especially with the sale of advanced MiG fighter aircraft. Simultaneously, the United States and the United Kingdom refused to sell advanced weaponry to India, further compelling it to turn to the Soviets for military aid.

Infobox

Date
20 October – 21 November 1962(1 month and 1 day)
Location
Aksai Chin, North-East Frontier Agency, and Assam
Result
Chinese victory
Territorialchanges
Status quo ante bellum

Tables

· Military awards › India
Dhan Singh Thapa
Dhan Singh Thapa
Name
Dhan Singh Thapa
Award
PVC
Unit
8 Gorkha Rifles
Date of action
20 October 1962
Conflict
Sino-Indian War
Place of action
Pangong Lake, Ladakh, India
Joginder Singh Sahnan
Joginder Singh Sahnan
Name
Joginder Singh Sahnan
Award
PVC
Unit
Sikh Regiment
Date of action
23 October 1962*
Conflict
Sino-Indian War
Place of action
Tongpen La, NEFA, India
Shaitan Singh
Shaitan Singh
Name
Shaitan Singh
Award
PVC
Unit
Kumaon Regiment
Date of action
18 November 1962*
Conflict
Sino-Indian War
Place of action
Rezang La, Ladakh, India
Jaswant Singh Rawat
Jaswant Singh Rawat
Name
Jaswant Singh Rawat
Award
MVC
Unit
4th Garhwal Rifles
Date of action
17 November 1962*
Conflict
Sino-Indian War
Place of action
Nuranang Falls, NEFA, India
Tapishwar Narain Raina
Tapishwar Narain Raina
Name
Tapishwar Narain Raina
Award
MVC
Unit
Kumaon Regiment
Date of action
20 October 1962
Conflict
Sino-Indian War
Place of action
Chushul, Ladakh, India
Jag Mohan Nath
Jag Mohan Nath
Name
Jag Mohan Nath
Award
MVC
Unit
General Duties (Pilot)
Date of action
1962
Conflict
Sino-Indian War
Name
Award
Unit
Date of action
Conflict
Place of action
Citations
Dhan Singh Thapa
PVC
8 Gorkha Rifles
20 October 1962
Sino-Indian War
Pangong Lake, Ladakh, India
Joginder Singh Sahnan
PVC
Sikh Regiment
23 October 1962*
Sino-Indian War
Tongpen La, NEFA, India
Shaitan Singh
PVC
Kumaon Regiment
18 November 1962*
Sino-Indian War
Rezang La, Ladakh, India
Jaswant Singh Rawat
MVC
4th Garhwal Rifles
17 November 1962*
Sino-Indian War
Nuranang Falls, NEFA, India
Tapishwar Narain Raina
MVC
Kumaon Regiment
20 October 1962
Sino-Indian War
Chushul, Ladakh, India
Jag Mohan Nath
MVC
General Duties (Pilot)
1962
Sino-Indian War

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