Sinn Féin
Updated: 12/10/2025, 11:58:39 AM Wikipedia source
Sinn Féin ( shin FAYN; Irish: [ˌʃɪn̠ʲ ˈfʲeːnʲ] ; lit. '[We] Ourselves') is an Irish republican and democratic socialist political party active in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The original Sinn Féin organisation was founded in 1905 by Arthur Griffith. Its members founded the revolutionary Irish Republic and its parliament, the First Dáil, and many of them were active in the Irish War of Independence, during which the party was associated with the Irish Republican Army (1919–1922). The party split before the Irish Civil War and again in its aftermath, giving rise to the two traditionally dominant parties of Irish politics: Fianna Fáil, and Cumann na nGaedheal (which merged with smaller groups to form Fine Gael). For several decades the remaining Sinn Féin organisation was small and often without parliamentary representation. It continued its association with the Irish Republican Army. Another split in 1970 at the start of the Troubles led to the modern Sinn Féin party, with the other faction eventually becoming the Workers' Party. During the Troubles, Sinn Féin was associated with the Provisional Irish Republican Army. For most of that conflict, it was affected by broadcasting bans in the Irish and British media. Although the party sat on local councils, it maintained a policy of abstentionism for the British House of Commons and the Irish Dáil Éireann, standing for election to those legislatures but pledging not to take their seats if elected. After Gerry Adams became party leader in 1983, electoral politics were prioritised increasingly. In 1986, the party dropped its abstentionist policy for the Dáil; some members formed Republican Sinn Féin in protest. In the 1990s, Sinn Féin—under the leadership of Adams and Martin McGuinness—was involved in the Northern Ireland peace process. This led to the Good Friday Agreement and created the Northern Ireland Assembly, and saw Sinn Féin become part of the power-sharing Northern Ireland Executive. In 2006, it co-signed the St Andrews Agreement and agreed to support the Police Service of Northern Ireland. Sinn Féin is the largest party in the Northern Ireland Assembly, having won the largest share of first-preference votes and the most seats in the 2022 election, the first time an Irish nationalist party has done so. Since 2024, Michelle O'Neill has served as the first ever Irish nationalist First Minister of Northern Ireland. From 2007 to 2022, Sinn Féin was the second-largest party in the Assembly, after the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP), and its nominees served as Deputy First Minister in the Northern Ireland Executive. In the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, Sinn Féin has held seven of Northern Ireland's seats since the 2024 election; it continues its policy of abstentionism at Westminster. In Dáil Éireann it is the main opposition, having won the second largest number of seats in the 2024 election. The current president of Sinn Féin is Mary Lou McDonald, who succeeded Gerry Adams in 2018.
Infobox
Tables
| Name | Dates | Notes |
| Edward Martyn | 1905–1908 | |
| John Sweetman | 1908–1911 | |
| Arthur Griffith | 1911–1917 | |
| Éamon de Valera | 1917–1926 | Resigned from Sinn Féin and formed Fianna Fáil in 1926 |
| John J. O'Kelly (Sceilg) | 1926–1931 | |
| Brian O'Higgins | 1931–1933 | |
| Michael O'Flanagan | 1933–1935 | |
| Cathal Ó Murchadha | 1935–1937 | |
| Margaret Buckley | 1937–1950 | Party's first woman president. |
| Paddy McLogan | 1950–1952 | |
| Tomás Ó Dubhghaill | 1952–1954 | |
| Paddy McLogan | 1954–1962 | |
| Tomás Mac Giolla | 1962–1970 | From 1970 was president of Official Sinn Féin, renamed The Workers' Party in 1982. |
| Ruairí Ó Brádaigh | 1970–1983 | Left Sinn Féin and formed Republican Sinn Féin in 1986. |
| Gerry Adams | 1983–2018 | Longest-served president in the party's history and TD for Louth from 2011 to 2020. |
| Mary Lou McDonald | 2018–present | TD for Dublin Central since 2011. |
| Portfolio | Name |
| Leader of the OppositionPresident of Sinn Féin | Mary Lou McDonald |
| Deputy Leader of Sinn Féin in the DáilSpokesperson on Finance | Pearse Doherty |
| Spokesperson on Public Expenditure, Infrastructure, Public Service Reform and Digitalisation | Mairéad Farrell |
| Spokesperson on Education and Youth | Darren O'Rourke |
| Spokesperson on Environment and Climate Action | Pa Daly |
| Spokesperson on Community and Rural Development | Louise O'Reilly |
| Spokesperson on Social Protection | |
| Spokesperson on Defence | Donnchadh Ó Laoghaire |
| Spokesperson on Foreign Affairs and Trade | |
| Spokesperson on Children, Disability and Equality | Claire Kerrane |
| Spokesperson on Enterprise and Tourism | Rose Conway-Walsh |
| Spokesperson on Health | David Cullinane |
| Spokesperson on Arts, Media, Communications, Culture and Sport | Joanna Byrne |
| Spokesperson on Gaeilge and the Gaeltacht | Aengus Ó Snodaigh |
| Spokesperson on Housing, Local Government and Heritage | Eoin Ó Broin |
| Spokesperson on Justice, Home Affairs and Migration | Matt Carthy |
| Spokesperson on Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science | Donna McGettigan |
| Spokesperson on Agriculture, Food and the Marine | Martin Kenny |
| Election | Leader | Body | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Status |
| 1921 | Éamon de Valera | House of Commons | 104,917 | 20.5 | 6 / 52 | 6 | 2nd | Abstention |
| 1982 | Ruairí Ó Brádaigh | Assembly | 64,191 | 10.1 | 5 / 78 | 5 | 5th | Abstention |
| 1996 | Gerry Adams | Forum | 116,377 | 15.5 | 17 / 110 | 17 | 4th | Abstention |
| 1998 | Assembly | 142,858 | 17.7 | 18 / 108 | 18 | 4th | Coalition | |
| 2003 | 162,758 | 23.5 | 24 / 108 | 6 | 3rd | Direct rule | ||
| 2007 | 180,573 | 26.2 | 28 / 108 | 4 | 2nd | Coalition | ||
| 2011 | 178,224 | 26.3 | 29 / 108 | 1 | 2nd | Coalition | ||
| 2016 | 166,785 | 24.0 | 28 / 108 | 1 | 2nd | Coalition | ||
| 2017 | 224,245 | 27.9 | 27 / 90 | 1 | 2nd | Coalition | ||
| 2022 | Mary Lou McDonald | 250,388 | 29.0 | 27 / 90 | | 1st | Coalition |
| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats(NI) | +/– | Position | Status | |
| NI | UK | |||||||
| 1924 | Éamon de Valera | 34,181 | 0.2 | 0 / 13 | | 9th | No seats | |
| 1950 | Margaret Buckley | 23,362 | 0.1 | 0 / 12 | | 11th | No seats | |
| 1955 | Paddy McLogan | 152,310 | 0.6 | 2 / 12 | 2 | 4th | Abstention | |
| 1959 | 63,415 | 0.2 | 0 / 12 | 2 | 5th | No seats | ||
| 1983 | Ruairí Ó Brádaigh | 102,701 | 13.4 | 0.3 | 1 / 17 | 1 | 8th | Abstention |
| 1987 | Gerry Adams | 83,389 | 11.4 | 0.3 | 1 / 17 | | 6th | Abstention |
| 1992 | 78,291 | 10.0 | 0.2 | 0 / 17 | 1 | 11th | No seats | |
| 1997 | 126,921 | 16.1 | 0.4 | 2 / 18 | 2 | 8th | Abstention | |
| 2001 | 175,933 | 21.7 | 0.7 | 4 / 18 | 2 | 6th | Abstention | |
| 2005 | 174,530 | 24.3 | 0.6 | 5 / 18 | 1 | 6th | Abstention | |
| 2010 | 171,942 | 25.5 | 0.6 | 5 / 18 | | 6th | Abstention | |
| 2015 | 176,232 | 24.5 | 0.6 | 4 / 18 | 1 | 6th | Abstention | |
| 2017 | 238,915 | 29.4 | 0.7 | 7 / 18 | 3 | 6th | Abstention | |
| 2019 | Mary Lou McDonald | 181,853 | 22.8 | 0.6 | 7 / 18 | | 6th | Abstention |
| 2024 | 210,891 | 27.0 | 0.7 | 7 / 18 | | 5th | Abstention | |
| Election | Leader | FPV | % | Seats | % | ± | Dáil | Government |
| 1918(Westminster) | Éamon de Valera | 476,087 | 46.9 (#1) | 73 / 105 | 69.5 (#1) | New | 1st | Government1st, 2nd ministry(SF majority) |
| 1921(S. Ireland HoC) | Elected unopposed | 124 / 128 | 96.9 (#1) | 51 | 2nd | Government3rd, 4th ministry(SF majority) | ||
| 1922 | Michael Collins(Pro-Treaty) | 239,195 | 38.5 (#1) | 58 / 128 | 45.3 (#1) | 30 | 3rd | Government5th ministry,1st executive(SF PT/CnG minority) |
| Éamon de Valera(Anti-Treaty) | 135,310 | 21.8 (#2) | 36 / 128 | 28.1 (#2) | Abstention5th ministry,1st executive(SF PT/CnG minority) | |||
| 1923 | 288,794 | 27.4 (#2) | 44 / 153 | 28.8 (#2) | 8 | 4th | Abstention2nd executive(CnG minority) | |
| June 1927 | John J. O'Kelly | 41,401 | 3.6 (#6) | 5 / 153 | 3.3 (#2) | 39 | 5th | Abstention3rd executive(CnG minority) |
| Did not contest September 1927 general election to 1951 general election | ||||||||
| 1954 | Tomás Ó Dubhghaill | 1,990 | 0.1 (#6) | 0 / 147 | — | | 15th | No Seats7th government(FG-Lab-CnT minority) |
| 1957 | Paddy McLogan | 65,640 | 5.3 (#4) | 4 / 147 | 2.6 (#4) | 4 | 16th | Abstention8th, 9th government(FF majority) |
| 1961 | 36,396 | 3.1 (#4) | 0 / 144 | — | 4 | 17th | No seats10th government(FF majority) | |
| Did not contest 1965 general election to 1981 general election | ||||||||
| Feb. 1982 | Ruairí Ó Brádaigh | 16,894 | 1.0 (#5) | 0 / 166 | — | | 23rd | No seats18th government(FF minority) |
| Did not contest November 1982 general election | ||||||||
| 1987 | Gerry Adams | 32,933 | 1.9 (#6) | 0 / 166 | — | | 25th | No seats20th government(FF minority) |
| 1989 | 20,003 | 1.2 (#6) | 0 / 166 | — | | 26th | No seats21st, 22nd government(FF-PD majority) | |
| 1992 | 27,809 | 1.6 (#7) | 0 / 166 | — | | 27th | No seats23rd government(FF-Lab majority) | |
| No seats24th government(FG-Lab-DL majority) | ||||||||
| 1997 | 45,614 | 2.5 (#7) | 1 / 166 | 0.6 (#7) | 1 | 28th | Opposition25th government(FF-PD minority) | |
| 2002 | 121,020 | 6.5 (#6) | 5 / 166 | 3.0 (#6) | 4 | 29th | Opposition26th government(FF-PD majority) | |
| 2007 | 143,410 | 6.9 (#5) | 4 / 166 | 2.4 (#6) | 1 | 30th | Opposition27th, 28th government(FF-GP-PD/Ind majority) | |
| 2011 | 220,661 | 9.9 (#4) | 14 / 166 | 8.4 (#4) | 10 | 31st | Opposition29th government(FG-Lab supermajority) | |
| 2016 | 295,319 | 13.8 (#3) | 23 / 158 | 14.6 (#3) | 9 | 32nd | Opposition30th, 31st government(FG-Ind minority) | |
| 2020 | Mary Lou McDonald | 535,595 | 24.5 (#1) | 37 / 160 | 23.1 (#2) | 14 | 33rd | Opposition32nd, 33rd, 34th government(FF-FG-GP majority) |
| 2024 | 418,627 | 19.0 (#3) | 39 / 174 | 22.4 (#2) | 2 | 34th | Opposition35th government(FF-FG-Ind majority) | |
| Election | Candidate | 1st pref. votes | % | Position |
| 2011 | Martin McGuinness | 243,030 | 13.7% | |
| 2018 | Liadh Ní Riada | 93,987 | 6.4% | |
| 2025 | Supported Catherine Connolly as an independent | 914,143 | 63.4% | |
| Election | Country | First pref. vote | Vote % | Seats |
| 1920 | Ireland | – | 27.0% | – |
| 1974 | Republic of Ireland | – | – | 7 / 802 |
| 1979 | Republic of Ireland | – | – | 11 / 798 |
| 1985 | Northern Ireland | 75,686 | 11.8% | 59 / 565 |
| 1985 | Republic of Ireland | 46,391 | 3.3% | – |
| 1989 | Northern Ireland | 69,032 | 11.2% | 43 / 565 |
| 1991 | Republic of Ireland | 29,054 | 2.1% | 8 / 883 |
| 1993 | Northern Ireland | 77,600 | 12.0% | 51 / 582 |
| 1997 | Northern Ireland | 106,934 | 17.0% | 74 / 575 |
| 1999 | Republic of Ireland | 49,192 | 3.5% | 21 / 883 |
| 2001 | Northern Ireland | 163,269 | 21.0% | 108 / 582 |
| 2004 | Republic of Ireland | 146,391 | 8.0% | 54 / 883 |
| 2005 | Northern Ireland | 163,205 | 23.2% | 126 / 582 |
| 2009 | Republic of Ireland | 138,405 | 7.4% | 54 / 883 |
| 2011 | Northern Ireland | 163,712 | 24.8% | 138 / 583 |
| 2014 | Northern Ireland | 151,137 | 24.1% | 105 / 462 |
| 2014 | Republic of Ireland | 258,650 | 15.2% | 159 / 949 |
| 2019 | Northern Ireland | 157,448 | 23.2% | 105 / 462 |
| 2019 | Republic of Ireland | 164,637 | 9.5% | 81 / 949 |
| 2023 | Northern Ireland | 230,793 | 30.9% | 144 / 462 |
| 2024 | Republic of Ireland | 218,620 | 11.8% | 102 / 949 |
| Election | Leader | 1st pref. votes | % | Seats | +/− | EP group |
| 1984 | Gerry Adams | 54,672 | 4.88 (#4) | 0 / 15 | New | − |
| 1989 | 35,923 | 2.20 (#8) | 0 / 15 | | ||
| 1994 | 33,823 | 2.97 (#7) | 0 / 15 | | ||
| 1999 | 88,165 | 6.33 (#5) | 0 / 15 | | ||
| 2004 | 197,715 | 11.10 (#3) | 1 / 13 | 1 | GUE/NGL | |
| 2009 | 205,613 | 11.24 (#5) | 0 / 12 | 1 | ||
| 2014 | 323,300 | 19.52 (#3) | 3 / 11 | 3 | ||
| 2019 | Mary Lou McDonald | 196,001 | 11.68 (#3) | 1 / 13 | 2 | The Left |
| 2024 | 194,403 | 11.14 (#3) | 2 / 14 | 1 |
| Election | Leader | 1st pref. votes | % | Seats | +/− | EP group |
| 1984 | Danny Morrison | 91,476 | 13.35 (#4) | 0 / 3 | New | − |
| 1989 | 48,914 | 9.15 (#4) | 0 / 3 | | ||
| 1994 | Tom Hartley | 55,215 | 9.86 (#4) | 0 / 3 | | |
| 1999 | Mitchel McLaughlin | 117,643 | 17.33 (#4) | 0 / 3 | | |
| 2004 | Bairbre de Brún | 144,541 | 26.31 (#2) | 1 / 3 | 1 | GUE/NGL |
| 2009 | 126,184 | 25.81 (#1) | 1 / 3 | | ||
| 2014 | Martina Anderson | 159,813 | 25.52 (#1) | 1 / 3 | | |
| 2019 | 126,951 | 22.17 (#1) | 1 / 3 | | The Left |
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- "Fourth report of the Independent Monitoring Commission"https://web.archive.org/web/20070614121443/https://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org/documents/uploads/HC%20308.pdf
- Murphy, Conorhttps://web.archive.org/web/20070927230827/http://www.sinnfein.ie/gaelic/news/detail/13261
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/4285723.stm
- RTÉ Newshttps://www.rte.ie/news/2005/0210/northpolitics.html
- Irish Independenthttp://www.unison.ie/irish_independent/stories.php3?ca=39&si=1344760&issue_id=12116
- "Dublin: Sinn Féin chiefs in IRA"http://edition.cnn.com/2005/WORLD/europe/02/20/nireland.sinn.fein/
- The Timeshttp://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20100417153557/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article416360.ece
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/Northern_Ireland/Story/0,,1426976,00.html
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/Northern_Ireland/Story/0,,1425969,00.html
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/4299599.stm
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/4609435.stm
- Belfast Telegraphhttps://archive.today/20070128153322/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/article2138000.ece
- Frampton 2009, p. 164.
- "SF stripped of Commons allowances"https://web.archive.org/web/20120929085237/http://www.breakingnews.ie/archives/2005/0310/ireland/kfsnmhkfkfoj/
- "Sinn Féin chief says IRA may cease to exist"https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna7169846
- "Assessment on paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/assessment-on-paramilitary-groups-in-northern-ireland
- Irish Newshttps://www.irishnews.com/news/politics/sinn-fein-governance-and-safeguarding-review-at-very-considerably-advanced-stage-CRXOGBTTPNFSXCC3LQLZOY5KKU/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
- Villagehttps://villagemagazine.ie/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Ed-SF-Democr.pdf
- Irish Examinerhttps://www.irishexaminer.com/opinion/columnists/arid-40273325.html
- Connacht Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20201210070808/https://connachttribune.ie/sinn-fein-struggles-to-keep-everyone-on-same-message/
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/michael-mcdowell-does-it-matter-how-sinn-fein-organises-itself-1.4779692
- "Sinn Féin member resigns after being confronted over critical tweets"https://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/sinn-fein-member-resigns-after-being-confronted-over-critical-tweets-1046665.html
- Jacobinhttps://jacobin.com/2020/07/ireland-sinn-fein-ira-one-mans-terrorist
- "Introduction to Sinn Fein"http://www.sinnfein.org/documents/introsf.html
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/politics/2023/02/11/mary-lou-mcdonald-faces-her-biggest-challenge-yet-five-years-after-rising-to-the-top-of-sinn-fein/
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/mcdonald-and-sf-candidates-sign-pledge-to-be-guided-by-ardchomhairle-1.4153185
- The Irish Independenthttps://www.independent.ie/irish-news/election-2020/sinn-fein-tds-have-zero-influence-and-policies-are-handed-down-says-toibin-38901964.html
- The Irish Independenthttps://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/former-sinn-fein-tds-say-party-did-not-let-them-choose-staff-41405050.html
- "Has Sinn Féin changed under Mary Lou McDonald's leadership"https://open.spotify.com/episode/4W9kJmaLd3PKoWsP62FiTm
- Patrick O'Donovanhttps://www.finegael.ie/sinn-feins-pledge-to-follow-unelected-ruling-council-an-affront-to-democracy-odonovan/
- TheJournal.iehttps://www.thejournal.ie/the-candidate-mary-lou-mcdonald-4995167-Feb2020/
- Rafter 2005, p. 219.
- Government and Oppositionhttps://doi.org/10.1017%2Fgov.2014.35
- European Journal of Communicationhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07907184.2021.1976975
- Suiter 2016, p. 131.
- European Populism in the Shadow of the Great Recessionhttps://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2496354
- The Economic and Social Reviewhttps://www.esr.ie/article/view/1183
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/1885812.stm
- Belfast Telegraphhttps://archive.today/20120723083826/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/education/secret-sinn-fein-document-in-full-13876004.html
- Sinn Féinhttps://web.archive.org/web/20040520071021/http://www.sinnfein.ie/gaelic/policies/document/166
- Sinn Féinhttp://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/26286
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-51086276
- sinnfein.iehttps://vote.sinnfein.ie/sinn-fein-committed-to-seeing-true-lgbtqi-equality-achieved-mary-lou-mcdonald-td/
- businessplus.iehttps://businessplus.ie/news/sinn-fein-wage/
- Independent.iehttps://www.independent.ie/irish-news/sf-made-exceptions-on-average-industrial-wage-policy-to-allow-some-tds-to-draw-full-salary-claims-toibin/38905914.html
- "Giving Workers and Families a Break"https://www.sinnfein.ie/files/2020/SF_GE2020_Manifesto.pdf
- Sinn Féinhttps://www.sinnfein.ie/files/2020/SF_GE2020_Manifesto.pdf
- The Irish Timeshttp://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2011/0215/1224289832643.html
- "Sinn Féin on the Assembly debate on Abortion"https://web.archive.org/web/20071025033401/http://www.sinnfein.ie/news/detail/21360
- The Journalhttps://www.thejournal.ie/sinn-fein-abortion-policy-1971952-Mar2015/
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/mar/07/sinn-fein-drops-opposition-to-abortion-at-derry-congress
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/sinn-f%C3%A9in-unlikely-to-change-position-on-abortion-before-referendum-1.3419544
- BBChttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-44507054
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/jun/16/sinn-fein-votes-to-liberalise-abortion-law-in-northern-ireland
- Irish Examinerhttps://www.irishexaminer.com/breakingnews/ireland/peadar-toibin-announces-resignation-from-sinn-fein-885583.html
- Irish Examinerhttps://www.irishexaminer.com/opinion/commentanalysis/arid-40245716.html
- Abortion Rights Campaignhttps://www.abortionrightscampaign.ie/2021/03/16/press-release-sinn-fein-lets-down-abortion-seekers-and-activists-by-abstaining-on-dup-vote-to-restrict-abortion-access-in-stormont/
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/news/ireland/irish-news/sinn-f%C3%A9in-accused-of-speaking-out-of-both-sides-of-their-mouth-on-abortion-1.4512180
- Amnesty International Irelandhttps://www.amnesty.ie/sinn-fein-abortion-rights-ireland/
- Irish Independenthttps://m.independent.ie/irish-news/sinn-fein-criticised-for-backing-uk-puberty-blocker-ban-as-hse-announces-review-of-move/a303206876.html
- BBChttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c15g7e5451zo.amp
- www.derryjournal.comhttps://www.derryjournal.com/news/anc-comrade-mcguinness-was-trusted-ally-south-african-people-during-apartheid-730664
- Agnès Maillot, New Sinn Féin: Irish Republicanism in the Twenty-First Century p 131.
- TheJournal.iehttp://www.thejournal.ie/catalan-independence-ireland-3669418-Oct2017/
- "Sinn Féin and Fianna Fáil want to call TDs back from their holidays to talk about Gaza"http://www.thejournal.ie/sinn-fein-dail-recall-gaza-1589217-Jul2014/
- "Sinn Féin website, International Department"https://web.archive.org/web/20100410052631/http://www.sinnfein.ie/international-affairs
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/news/adams-wants-end-to-cuban-sanctions-1.342615
- Green Lefthttps://www.greenleft.org.au/content/sinn-f%C3%A9ins-gerry-adams-%E2%80%98fidel-castro-hero-and-friend-ireland%E2%80%99
- Sinn Féinhttps://www.sinnfein.ie/files/2018/AOS_Neutrality_Doc_Final.pdf
- "A Sinn Féin Govt would; Hold a referendum to enshrine neutrality in the Irish constitution. Stop the US Military from transporting military equipment through Shannon Airport. Oppose a European Army & end Ireland's participation in EU Battle Groups/NATO's Partnership for Peace"https://x.com/sinnfeinireland/status/1115700170266685446
- Sinn Féinhttp://www.sinnfein.org/releases/97dailmanifesto/n.html
- Financial Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20200520165115/http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/17a7879a-3210-11e0-a820-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2TFbh6mV3
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/democracylive/hi/guides/newsid_8214000/8214446.stm
- Irish Election Literaturehttp://irishelectionliterature.com/2013/11/18/if-you-believe-in-a-prosperous-and-independent-ireland-vote-no-sinn-fein-1972-referendum-on-eec/
- "The Referendums of 1973 and 1975"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fref70s.htm
- Ireland and the European Union: Nice, Enlargement and the Future of Europehttps://books.google.com/books?id=DncQ0PBp17oC&pg=PA163
- Irish Examinerhttp://www.irishexaminer.com/archives/2008/0206/world/sinn-fein-urges-treaty-no-vote-in-newsletter-blitz-54519.html
- The Irish Timeshttp://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/sf-says-north-should-be-able-stay-in-eu-in-a-brexit-1.2182397
- Bean 2008, p. 171.
- Euroscepticism: Party Politics, National Identity and European Integrationhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190228192039/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XCNXWu1oELEC&pg=PA186&dq=Sinn+Fein+soft+Eurosceptic&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj74M7D-N3gAhXm1uAKHT00ByAQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Sinn%20Fein%20soft%20Eurosceptic&f=false
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/news/sinn-fein-to-ask-voters-to-reject-eu-superstate-constitution-1.366224
- The Irish Timeshttps://www.irishtimes.com/news/sf-opposes-creation-of-eu-superstate-1.980943
- "EU must change direction or risk disintegration"http://www.mattcarthy.ie/eu-must-change-direction-or-risk-disintegration/
- Belfast Telegraphhttps://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/sinn-fein-to-spell-out-brexit-opposition-to-theresa-may-35548291.html
- LIVE: Ukrainian President Zelenskiy addresses Irish parliamenthttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zwdqhb0Ju_c&ab_channel=Reuters
- "Westminster election 1983"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fw83.htm
- The three were S. Cassidy (Dungannon), J. J. McCusker (Fermanagh) and W. McCartney (Derry).
- "Local Government Elections 1981"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/flg81.htm
- "Local Government Elections 1985"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/flg85.htm
- "Westminster by-elections 1986"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fw86.htm
- "Westminster election 1987"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fw87.htm
- "Local Government Elections 1989"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/flg89.htm
- quoted in Gordon Lucy, The Northern Ireland Local Government Elections of 1993, Ulster Society Press.
- "Westminster election 1992"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fw92.htm
- "The 2001 Westminster elections in Northern Ireland"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fw01.htm
- "Swearing in and the parliamentary oath"http://www.parliament.uk/about/how/elections-and-voting/swearingin/
- "Sinn Féin press release"http://www.sinnfein.org/releases/01/pr011812d.html
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/election2010/results/region/6.stm
- "The 2010 Westminster elections in Northern Ireland"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fw10.htm
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/politics/election_2010/northern_ireland/8610725.stm
- "Sinn Fein's Michelle Gildernew retains Fermanagh after dramatic recounts"https://archive.today/20120720082124/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/election/sinn-feins-michelle-gildernew-retains-fermanagh-after-dramatic-recounts-14799949.html
- The Irish Timeshttp://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/assembly-elections-dup-and-sinn-f%C3%A9in-remain-dominant-1.2639747
- Irish Independenthttp://www.independent.ie/irish-news/politics/sinn-fin-closes-gap-on-unionist-rivals-as-middle-ground-collapses-35500890.html
- RTÉhttps://www.rte.ie/news/2017/0303/856841-northern-irelands-assembly-election/
- Belfast Telegraphhttps://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/its-a-tie-dups-wells-says-removal-of-whip-gives-sinn-fein-equal-voting-power-in-northern-ireland-36893228.html
- "Sinn Féin up and running for General Election"https://web.archive.org/web/20100504183645/http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/9022
- An Phoblachthttps://web.archive.org/web/20120229170005/http://www.anphoblacht.com/news/detail/18472
- Daily Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1552197/Sinn-Fein-looks-to-coalition-with-Republic.html
- The Observerhttps://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/may/27/ireland2
- The Irish Times
- Belfast Telegraphhttps://archive.today/20120719235813/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/local-national/republic-of-ireland/sinn-fein-wins-by-landslide-in-donegal-southwest-byelection-15015148.html
- The Irish Timeshttp://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2010/1210/breaking53.html
- RTÉ Newshttps://www.rte.ie/news/2010/1126/donegal.html
- The Irish Timeshttp://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/breaking/2011/0227/breaking2.html
- Gallagher & Marsh 2011, pp. 149, 250.
- Gallagher & Marsh 2016, p. 135.
- Gallagher & Marsh 2016, p. 239.
- RTÉ Newshttps://www.rte.ie/news/election-2020/results/
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-51441410
- Reutershttps://www.reuters.com/article/us-ireland-election-idUSKBN2030CJ
- Belfast Telegraphhttps://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/republic-of-ireland/sinn-fein-pledges-to-lead-strong-opposition-as-parties-agree-to-enter-coalition-39319632.html
- ElectionsIreland.orghttp://www.electionsireland.org/results/local/seatsummary.cfm?election=2004L
- The Irish Times
- The Irish Timeshttp://www.irishtimes.com/newspaper/ireland/2010/0112/1224262117991.html
- "The 2004 European Election"http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections/fe04.htm
- BBC Newshttps://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/8089501.stm
- "History made – Sinn Féin is now the largest party in the Six Counties"https://web.archive.org/web/20100113123331/http://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/16580
- "European Election: June 2004 – Dublin"http://www.electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=2004E&cons=524
- "2009 Euro – South First Preference Votes"http://www.electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=2009E&cons=242
- RTÉ Newshttps://www.rte.ie/news/2014/0527/619845-local-european-elections/
- RTÉ Newshttps://www.rte.ie/news/elections-2019/results/#/european/