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Sialkot

Updated: Wikipedia source

Sialkot

Sialkot (Punjabi, Urdu: سيالكوٹ) is a city located in Punjab, Pakistan. It is the capital of the Sialkot District and the 12th most populous city in Pakistan as well as the 7th largest city in Punjab. The boundaries of Sialkot are joined by Jammu in the north east, the districts of Narowal in the southeast, Gujranwala in the southwest and Gujrat in the northwest. Sialkot is believed to be the successor city of Sagala, the capital of the Madra kingdom which was destroyed by Alexander the Great in 326 BCE. It was made capital of the Indo-Greek kingdom by Menander I in the 2nd century BCE — a time during which the city greatly prospered as a major center for trade and Buddhist thought. In the 6th century CE, it again become capital of the Taank Kingdom, which ruled Punjab for the next two centuries. Sialkot continued to be a major political center until it was eclipsed by Lahore around the turn of the first millennium CE. Sialkot was the capital of the Punjabi Muslim ruler Jasrat Khokhar who reigned over most of Punjab and Jammu in the early 15th century. Under the Mughal Empire, especially Mughal emperor, Aurangzeb's reign, Sialkot became known as a great centre of Islamic scholarship and thought, and attracted scholars because of the widespread availability of paper in the city. Sialkot city was the birthplace of the poet and philosopher Muhammad Iqbal, a leading figure of the Pakistan Movement. The city has been noted for its entrepreneurial spirit and productive business climate which have made Sialkot an example of a small Pakistani city that has emerged as a "world-class manufacturing hub." The relatively small city exported approximately $2.5 billion worth of goods in 2017, or about 10% of Pakistan's total exports. The city has been labeled as the Football manufacturing capital of the World, as it produces over 70% of all footballs manufactured in the world. Sialkot International Airport; Pakistan's first privately owned public airport is located 14km west of Sialkot.

Infobox

Country
Pakistan
Province
Punjab
Division
Gujranwala
District
Sialkot
• Type
Municipal Corporation
• Mayor
None
• Deputy Mayor
None
• Deputy Commissioner
Muhammad Iqbal
• City
911,817
• Rank
12th, Pakistan
• Density
6,750/km2 (17,500/sq mi)
Demonym
Sialkoti
Time zone
UTC 5 (PST)
Postal code
51310
Calling code
052
Old name
Sagala or Sakala
Website
sialkot.punjab.gov.pk

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Month
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Jan
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Feb
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Mar
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Apr
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
May
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Jun
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Jul
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Aug
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Sep
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Oct
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Nov
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Dec
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Year
Record high °C (°F)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Record high °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
26.1(79.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
30.0(86.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
36.5(97.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
43.3(109.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
47.3(117.1)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
48.9(120.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
44.4(111.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
41.1(106.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
39.0(102.2)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
37.2(99.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
33.3(91.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
27.2(81.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
48.9(120.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
17.4(63.3)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
21.2(70.2)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
26.2(79.2)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
32.9(91.2)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
38.2(100.8)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
38.8(101.8)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
34.7(94.5)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
33.4(92.1)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
33.1(91.6)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
31.1(88.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
25.9(78.6)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
20.2(68.4)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
29.4(85.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
11.4(52.5)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
14.8(58.6)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
19.4(66.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
25.5(77.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
30.5(86.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
32.1(89.8)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
30.2(86.4)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
29.4(84.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
28.3(82.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
24.3(75.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
18.4(65.1)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
13.2(55.8)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
23.1(73.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
5.4(41.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
8.3(46.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
13.0(55.4)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
18.1(64.6)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
22.8(73.0)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
25.4(77.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
25.6(78.1)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
25.4(77.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
23.6(74.5)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
17.5(63.5)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
10.9(51.6)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
6.0(42.8)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
16.8(62.3)
Record low °C (°F)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Record low °C (°F)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
−3(27)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
−1.0(30.2)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
3.0(37.4)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
9.0(48.2)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
13.4(56.1)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
17.6(63.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
19.4(66.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
18.7(65.7)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
13.3(55.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
8.5(47.3)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
3.0(37.4)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
−0.6(30.9)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
−3.0(26.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
41.3(1.63)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
50.4(1.98)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
52.4(2.06)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
36.9(1.45)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
18.9(0.74)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
67.8(2.67)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
293.2(11.54)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
299.5(11.79)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
102.7(4.04)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
22.4(0.88)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
9.6(0.38)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
13.6(0.54)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
1,008.7(39.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
3.6
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
4.6
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
5.1
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
4.3
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
3.6
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
6.5
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
13.3
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
12.4
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
6.4
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
2.0
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
1.2
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
1.7
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
64.7
Source 1: NOAA (extremes 1971–1990),
Source 1: NOAA (extremes 1971–1990),
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Source 1: NOAA (extremes 1971–1990),
Source 2: Meteomanz (extremes since 2000)
Source 2: Meteomanz (extremes since 2000)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Source 2: Meteomanz (extremes since 2000)
Climate data for Sialkot (1991-2020)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
26.1(79.0)
30.0(86.0)
36.5(97.7)
43.3(109.9)
47.3(117.1)
48.9(120.0)
44.4(111.9)
41.1(106.0)
39.0(102.2)
37.2(99.0)
33.3(91.9)
27.2(81.0)
48.9(120.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
17.4(63.3)
21.2(70.2)
26.2(79.2)
32.9(91.2)
38.2(100.8)
38.8(101.8)
34.7(94.5)
33.4(92.1)
33.1(91.6)
31.1(88.0)
25.9(78.6)
20.2(68.4)
29.4(85.0)
Daily mean °C (°F)
11.4(52.5)
14.8(58.6)
19.4(66.9)
25.5(77.9)
30.5(86.9)
32.1(89.8)
30.2(86.4)
29.4(84.9)
28.3(82.9)
24.3(75.7)
18.4(65.1)
13.2(55.8)
23.1(73.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
5.4(41.7)
8.3(46.9)
13.0(55.4)
18.1(64.6)
22.8(73.0)
25.4(77.7)
25.6(78.1)
25.4(77.7)
23.6(74.5)
17.5(63.5)
10.9(51.6)
6.0(42.8)
16.8(62.3)
Record low °C (°F)
−3(27)
−1.0(30.2)
3.0(37.4)
9.0(48.2)
13.4(56.1)
17.6(63.7)
19.4(66.9)
18.7(65.7)
13.3(55.9)
8.5(47.3)
3.0(37.4)
−0.6(30.9)
−3.0(26.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
41.3(1.63)
50.4(1.98)
52.4(2.06)
36.9(1.45)
18.9(0.74)
67.8(2.67)
293.2(11.54)
299.5(11.79)
102.7(4.04)
22.4(0.88)
9.6(0.38)
13.6(0.54)
1,008.7(39.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
3.6
4.6
5.1
4.3
3.6
6.5
13.3
12.4
6.4
2.0
1.2
1.7
64.7
Source 1: NOAA (extremes 1971–1990),
Source 2: Meteomanz (extremes since 2000)
Religious groups in Sialkot City (1868−2023)[a]
Pop.
Pop.
Religiousgroup
Pop.
1868
%
1868
Pop.
1881
%
1881
Pop.
1891
%
1891
Pop.
1901
%
1901
Pop.
1911
%
1911
Pop.
1921
%
1921
Pop.
1931
%
1931
Pop.
1941
%
1941
Pop.
2017
%
2017
Pop.
2023
%
Islam
Islam
Religiousgroup
Islam
1868
16,580
1868
65.44%
1881
28,865
1881
63.08%
1891
31,920
1891
57.94%
1901
39,350
1901
67.9%
1911
40,613
1911
62.61%
1921
44,846
1921
63.5%
1931
69,700
1931
69.03%
1941
90,706
1941
65.39%
2017
653,346
2017
95.96%
2023
885,336
2023
95.99%
Hinduism
Hinduism
Religiousgroup
Hinduism
1868
6,148
1868
24.26%
1881
12,751
1881
27.86%
1891
17,978
1891
32.64%
1901
13,433
1901
23.18%
1911
15,417
1911
23.77%
1921
15,808
1921
22.38%
1931
18,670
1931
18.49%
1941
29,661
1941
21.38%
2017
1,102
2017
0.16%
2023
1,347
2023
0.15%
Sikhism
Sikhism
Religiousgroup
Sikhism
1868
1,295
1868
5.11%
1881
1,942
1881
4.24%
1891
1,797
1891
3.26%
1901
2,236
1901
3.86%
1911
4,290
1911
6.61%
1921
3,433
1921
4.86%
1931
4,931
1931
4.88%
1941
8,431
1941
6.08%
2017
2017
2023
66
2023
0.01%
Christianity
Christianity
Religiousgroup
Christianity
1868
13
1868
0.05%
1881
1881
1891
2,283
1891
4.14%
1901
1,650
1901
2.85%
1911
3,222
1911
4.97%
1921
5,033
1921
7.13%
1931
6,095
1931
6.04%
1941
5,157
1941
3.72%
2017
25,433
2017
3.74%
2023
34,811
2023
3.77%
Jainism
Jainism
Religiousgroup
Jainism
1868
1868
1881
876
1881
1.91%
1891
1,105
1891
2.01%
1901
1,272
1901
2.19%
1911
1,310
1911
2.02%
1921
1,472
1921
2.08%
1931
1,570
1931
1.55%
1941
2,790
1941
2.01%
2017
2017
2023
2023
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism
Religiousgroup
Zoroastrianism
1868
1868
1881
1881
1891
4
1891
0.01%
1901
9
1901
0.02%
1911
17
1911
0.03%
1921
27
1921
0.04%
1931
7
1931
0.01%
1941
1941
2017
2017
2023
0
2023
0%
Buddhism
Buddhism
Religiousgroup
Buddhism
1868
1868
1881
1881
1891
0
1891
0%
1901
6
1901
0.01%
1911
0
1911
0%
1921
0
1921
0%
1931
0
1931
0%
1941
1941
2017
2017
2023
2023
Ahmadiyya
Ahmadiyya
Religiousgroup
Ahmadiyya
1868
1868
1881
1881
1891
1891
1901
1901
1911
1911
1921
1921
1931
1931
1941
1941
2017
958
2017
0.14%
2023
339
2023
0.04%
Others
Others
Religiousgroup
Others
1868
1,301
1868
5.13%
1881
1,328
1881
2.9%
1891
0
1891
0%
1901
0
1901
0%
1911
0
1911
0%
1921
0
1921
0%
1931
0
1931
0%
1941
1,963
1941
1.42%
2017
25
2017
0%
2023
450
2023
0.05%
Total population
Total population
Religiousgroup
Total population
1868
25,337
1868
100%
1881
45,762
1881
100%
1891
55,087
1891
100%
1901
57,956
1901
100%
1911
64,869
1911
100%
1921
70,619
1921
100%
1931
100,973
1931
100%
1941
138,708
1941
100%
2017
680,864
2017
100%
2023
922,349
2023
100%
Religiousgroup
1868
1881
1891
1901
1911
1921
1931
1941
2017
2023
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Pop.
%
Islam
16,580
65.44%
28,865
63.08%
31,920
57.94%
39,350
67.9%
40,613
62.61%
44,846
63.5%
69,700
69.03%
90,706
65.39%
653,346
95.96%
885,336
95.99%
Hinduism
6,148
24.26%
12,751
27.86%
17,978
32.64%
13,433
23.18%
15,417
23.77%
15,808
22.38%
18,670
18.49%
29,661
21.38%
1,102
0.16%
1,347
0.15%
Sikhism
1,295
5.11%
1,942
4.24%
1,797
3.26%
2,236
3.86%
4,290
6.61%
3,433
4.86%
4,931
4.88%
8,431
6.08%
66
0.01%
Christianity
13
0.05%
2,283
4.14%
1,650
2.85%
3,222
4.97%
5,033
7.13%
6,095
6.04%
5,157
3.72%
25,433
3.74%
34,811
3.77%
Jainism
876
1.91%
1,105
2.01%
1,272
2.19%
1,310
2.02%
1,472
2.08%
1,570
1.55%
2,790
2.01%
Zoroastrianism
4
0.01%
9
0.02%
17
0.03%
27
0.04%
7
0.01%
0
0%
Buddhism
0
0%
6
0.01%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
Ahmadiyya
958
0.14%
339
0.04%
Others
1,301
5.13%
1,328
2.9%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
0
0%
1,963
1.42%
25
0%
450
0.05%
Total population
25,337
100%
45,762
100%
55,087
100%
57,956
100%
64,869
100%
70,619
100%
100,973
100%
138,708
100%
680,864
100%
922,349
100%

References

  1. 1881-1941: Data for the entirety of the town of Sialkot, which included Sialkot Municipality and Sialkot Cantonment..201
  2. 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis
  3. The Nation (newspaper)
    https://nation.com.pk/07-Nov-2019/ji-demands-sialkot-wide-holiday-on-allama-iqbal-s-birthday
  4. The Nation (newspaper)
    https://nation.com.pk/31-Dec-2021/administrators-appointments-planned-as-punjab-lg-system-dissolves-today
  5. Dawn (newspaper)
    https://www.dawn.com/news/1801923/sialkot-dc-transferred
  6. "MC Sialkot: Administrative Setup"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180428182413/http://www.mcsialkot.lgpunjab.org.pk/Administrative-Setup.html
  7. www.citypopulation.de
    http://www.citypopulation.de/en/pakistan/punjab/sialkot/7320106__sialkot
  8. The Greeks in Bactria and India
    https://books.google.com/books?id=-HeJS3nE9cAC&q=Sagala+Sialkot&pg=PA171
  9. DAWN.COM
    https://www.dawn.com/news/779563/ravi-and-chenab-demons-and-lovers-2
  10. The Shape of Ancient Thought: Comparative Studies in Greek and Indian Philosophies
    https://books.google.com/books?id=gbjelOMYyN8C&q=sagala+sialkot&pg=PT568
  11. Man & Development
    https://books.google.com/books?id=CgbsAAAAMAAJ&q=%22hindu+Shahi%22+sialkot
  12. The Atharvaveda and its Paippaladasakha. Historical and Philological Papers on a Vedic Tradition
    https://www.academia.edu/7517541
  13. Proceedings of the Indian History Congress
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/44145212
  14. The Pakistan Review
    https://books.google.com/books?id=cmDVAAAAMAAJ&q=sialkot+greece
  15. Education and learning under the great Mughals, 1526–1707 A.D.
    https://books.google.com/books?id=AK42AAAAIAAJ&q=sialkot+paper
  16. Religious Dynamics under the Impact of Imperialism and Colonialism: A Sourcebook
    https://books.google.com/books?id=ZtY6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PA267
  17. Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim World: A-L
    https://www.encyclopedia.com/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/iqbal-muhammad-c-1877-1938
  18. The Political Philosophy of Muhammad Iqbal: Islam and Nationalism in Late Colonial India
    https://books.google.com/books?id=VrItm_F6wncC&pg=PA14
  19. "Pakistan's business climate If you want it done right"
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  20. "Historical Perspective of Urban Development of Gujranwala"
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  21. "World's Football Manufacturing Capital in Pakistan Gets a Green Makeover"
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  22. "Asian Development Bank"
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  23. An assessment of industrial employment skill gaps among university graduates: In the Gujrat-Sialkot-Gujranwala industrial cluster, Pakistan
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  24. "Effect of Agglomeration on Socio-Economic Outcomes: A District Level Panel study of Punjab"
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  25. Ariana Antiqua: A Descriptive Account of the Antiquities and Coins of Afghanistan
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  26. Ancient India and World
  27. Ancient India: From the Earliest Times to the First Century A. D
  28. The Shape of Ancient Thought: Comparative Studies in Greek and Indian Philosophies
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  29. The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India
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  30. Eurasian Empires in Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Contact and Exchange between the Graeco-Roman World, Inner Asia and China
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  31. Proceedings, Indian History Congress
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  32. Janamsakhis: Ageless Stories, Timeless Values
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  33. Journal
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  34. Ariana Antiqua: A Descriptive Account of the Antiquities and Coins of Afghanistan
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  35. The Anabasis of Alexander, Or the History of the Wars and Conquests of Alexander the Great
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  36. Alexander the Great: Lessons from History's Undefeated General
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  37. The Greeks in Bactria and India
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  39. The Shape of Ancient Thought: Comparative Studies in Greek and Indian Philosophies
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  40. The Debate of King Milinda: An Abridgement of the Milinda Pañha
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  41. The Questions of King Milinda
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  42. The Shape of Ancient Thought: Comparative Studies in Greek and Indian Philosophies
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  43. Journal of Indian History
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  45. Eurasian Empires in Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Contact and Exchange between the Graeco-Roman World, Inner Asia and China
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  46. History of the Punjabees
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  47. A History of India
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  48. Gandhara, the Buddhist heritage of Pakistan: Legends, monasteries, and paradise
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  49. History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations: A.D. 250 to 750
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  50. The Silk Road Journey With Xuanzang
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  51. The World of the Skandapurāṇa
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  52. Four Reports Made During the Years 1862-63-64-65 by Alexander Cunningha M: 2
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  53. The Geopolitical Orbits of Ancient India: The Geographical Frames of the Ancient Indian Dynasties
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  54. The Imperial Gazetteer of India
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  55. Historic Cities of the Islamic World
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  56. Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest : 11Th-13th Centuries
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  57. Advanced Study in the History of Medieval India, Volume 1
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  62. Historic Cities of the Islamic World
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  63. Hand Book of Important Places in West Pakistan
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  64. Pakistan Pictorial
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  67. Medieval Kashmir
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  76. Punjab, the land of beauty, love, and mysticism
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  77. The Kachhwahas under Akbar and Jahangir
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  78. Iqbal Manzil, Sialkot: An Introduction
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  92. The Skull of Alum Beg. The Life and Death of a Rebel of 1857
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  143. Globalization: The Key Concepts
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  144. Economic integration and spatial location of firms and industries: transnational corporations and search for evidence
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