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Santa Maria Maggiore

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Santa Maria Maggiore

Santa Maria Maggiore (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsanta maˈriːa madˈdʒoːre]), also known as the Basilica of Saint Mary Major or the Basilica of Saint Mary the Great, is one of the four major papal basilicas and one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome. The largest Marian church in Rome, it is regarded as the first Marian sanctuary in the Western world and the mother of all sanctuaries. Santa Maria Maggiore is located in Esquilino, the 15th rione (administrative district) of Rome, on the Piazza dell'Esquilino. Pursuant to the Lateran Treaty of 1929 between the Holy See and Italy, the basilica is in Italy and not Vatican City. However, as a property of the Holy See, Italy is obliged to protect its ownership and to concede to it "the immunity granted by international law to the headquarters of the diplomatic agents of foreign states". The complex of buildings therefore has a status somewhat similar to an embassy. The basilica enshrines the venerated image of Salus Populi Romani, depicting the Blessed Virgin Mary as the health and protector of the Roman people, which was granted a canonical coronation by Pope Gregory XVI in 1838.

Infobox

Location
Rome
Country
Italy
Denomination
Catholic Church
Tradition
Latin Church
Website
Santa Maria Maggiore
Status
Papal major basilica
Dedication
Blessed Virgin Mary
Cult present
Salus Populi Romani
Relics held
Holy Crib Jerome
Architect
Ferdinando Fuga
Architectural type
Basilica
Style
Roman architectureRomanesque architecture (tower)Baroque architecture
Groundbreaking
432 (432)
Completed
1743 (1743)
Length
92 m (302 ft)
Width
80 m (260 ft)
Nave width
30 m (98 ft)
Height
75 m (246 ft)
Diocese
Rome
Archpriest
Rolandas Makrickas
Official name
Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura
Type
Cultural
Criteria
i, ii, iii, iv, vi
Designated
1980
Reference no.
91
Region
Europe and North America

Tables

· Interior › Cappella Sistina and Crypt of the Nativity
Giovanni Battista Pozzo
Giovanni Battista Pozzo
Painter
Giovanni Battista Pozzo
Work
Angelic Glory, Visitation, Annunciation, Joseph's dream, St. Paul & John Evangelist, St. Peter enters Rome,& Massacre of infants
Lattanzio Mainardi
Lattanzio Mainardi
Painter
Lattanzio Mainardi
Work
Tamar, Fares, Zara, Solomon, & Boaz
Hendrick van den Broeck (Arrigo Fiammingo)
Hendrick van den Broeck (Arrigo Fiammingo)
Painter
Hendrick van den Broeck (Arrigo Fiammingo)
Work
Esrom, Aram, Aminabad & Naassom
Paris Nogari
Paris Nogari
Painter
Paris Nogari
Work
Ruth, Jesse, David, Solomon & Roboam; & the Holy Family
Giacomo Stella
Giacomo Stella
Painter
Giacomo Stella
Work
Jehoshaphat & Jehoram, Jacob, Judah & his brothers, Sacrifice of Isacc
Angiolo Nebbia
Angiolo Nebbia
Painter
Angiolo Nebbia
Work
Ozias & Jonathan, Abiud and Eliacim, Manassah and Amon, Josiah and Jechonia, Salatiele & Zorobabel
Salvatore Fontana
Salvatore Fontana
Painter
Salvatore Fontana
Work
Jacob, Eli, Eliezer and Nathan, Herod orders massacre of the innocents, Annunciation
Cesare Nebbia
Cesare Nebbia
Painter
Cesare Nebbia
Work
Chaziel & Ezekias, Sadoch, Achim, Amoz
Ercole from Bologna
Ercole from Bologna
Painter
Ercole from Bologna
Work
Flight from Egypt and Mary visits Elisabeth's house
Andrea Lilio
Andrea Lilio
Painter
Andrea Lilio
Work
Magi before Herod
Painter
Work
Giovanni Battista Pozzo
Angelic Glory, Visitation, Annunciation, Joseph's dream, St. Paul & John Evangelist, St. Peter enters Rome,& Massacre of infants
Lattanzio Mainardi
Tamar, Fares, Zara, Solomon, & Boaz
Hendrick van den Broeck (Arrigo Fiammingo)
Esrom, Aram, Aminabad & Naassom
Paris Nogari
Ruth, Jesse, David, Solomon & Roboam; & the Holy Family
Giacomo Stella
Jehoshaphat & Jehoram, Jacob, Judah & his brothers, Sacrifice of Isacc
Angiolo Nebbia
Ozias & Jonathan, Abiud and Eliacim, Manassah and Amon, Josiah and Jechonia, Salatiele & Zorobabel
Salvatore Fontana
Jacob, Eli, Eliezer and Nathan, Herod orders massacre of the innocents, Annunciation
Cesare Nebbia
Chaziel & Ezekias, Sadoch, Achim, Amoz
Ercole from Bologna
Flight from Egypt and Mary visits Elisabeth's house
Andrea Lilio
Magi before Herod
· External links
Preceded byArchbasilica of Saint John Lateran
Landmarks of RomeSanta Maria Maggiore
Succeeded byBasilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls

References

  1. The church is also referred to as Santa Maria delle Nevi, from the Latin Sancta Maria ad Nives, literally 'Saint Mary of
  2. Italian: Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore; Latin: Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris or Basilica Sanctae Mariae ad Nives. T
    https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_law_bf_en.html
  3. This triptych painted around 1423 was commissioned for the basilica by a member of the Colonna family; it is now in the
  4. See for example the Holy See's press office using "Papal Liberian Basilica of St. Mary Major in Rome" in English in a 20
    https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_law_bf_en.html
  5. Prior authors refer to its derivation from the Tempio della Pace or Temple of Peace, which was the name attributed to th
  6. Note that, initially, not all archpriests of the basilica were cardinals.
  7. Archpriest Pietro Sasso is commonly identified with contemporary cardinal Pietro Sasso of S. Pudenziana (1206–1218/19).
  8. Cardinal Pietro Capocci (died 1259) is mentioned in the majority of the catalogs of archpriests of Liberian Basilica but
  9. "Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura"
    https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/91/
  10. "Un santuario che irradia la presenza di Maria"
    https://www.osservatoreromano.va/it/news/2023-08/quo-180/un-santuario-che-irradia-la-presenza-di-maria.html
  11. Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 15 ([1])
    http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/dam/vaticanstate/documenti/leggi-e-decreti/Normative-Penali-e-Amministrative/LateranTreaty.pdf
  12. Lateran Treaty of 1929, Article 13 ([2])
    http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/dam/vaticanstate/documenti/leggi-e-decreti/Normative-Penali-e-Amministrative/LateranTreaty.pdf
  13. Gregorii XVI, Papam. Litteræ Apostolicæ: Cælestis Regina Maxima Virginum Mariæ Sanctissima Dei Genetrix, CLXXXIII Vatica
  14. Calendarium Romanum 1969, p. 99
  15. As reported in the 1911 Catholic Encyclopedia.
  16. As reported in the 1911 Catholic Encyclopedia.
  17. Dedication of St. Mary Major Basilica
    https://web.archive.org/web/20020611054253/http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/SaintOfDay/default.asp?id=1098
  18. Loomis 1916, p. 77
  19. Miles 1993, p. 157
  20. Ott 1913, Our Lady of the Snow
  21. Pius Parsch, The Church's Year of Grace quoted in Catholic Culture: "Ordinary Time, 5 August"
    http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/liturgicalyear/calendar/day.cfm?id=218
  22. Rubin 2009, p. 95
  23. Encyclical Slavorum Apostoli, 5
    https://www.vatican.va/edocs/ENG0220/__P2.HTM
  24. Stephen M. Donovan, "Crib" in Catholic Encyclopedia 1908 Archived 17 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
    http://oce.catholic.com/index.php?title=Crib
  25. Joan Carroll Cruz, Relics[permanent dead link] (Our Sunday Visitor 1984 ISBN 978-0-87973-701-6), p. 22
    https://books.google.com/books?id=2NutWXeteNgC&pg=PA22
  26. Missale Romanum Archived 15 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 1962 edition, p. 17
    http://www.sanctamissa.org/en/resources/books-1962/missale-romanum-1962.pdf
  27. Missale Romanum, 1962 edition, p. 20
  28. Robert F. McNamara, Minor Basilicas in the United States
    http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/view.cfm?recnum=244
  29. Basilicas
    http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/data/basITX.htm#aaa
  30. John Hardon, Modern Catholic Dictionary 1980
    http://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=34705
  31. "Papal Basilica of Saint Mary Major"
    https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/index_en.html
  32. Catholic Encyclopedia
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Patriarch_and_Patriarchate
  33. The Pillar
    https://www.pillarcatholic.com/p/why-is-pope-francis-embracing-the
  34. La Visita alle Sette Chiese
    http://www.oratoriosanfilippo.org/visita-sette-chiese.pdf
  35. Le sette chiese romane
    https://books.google.com/books?id=SozbdUVZnycC
  36. "La visita alle Sette Chiese: cenni storici"
    http://www.gliscritti.it/approf/luogiub/settechiese.htm#appel2
  37. Krautheimer 1980, p. 49
  38. Krautheimer 1980, p. 52
  39. Krautheimer 1980, p. 46
  40. Vassilaki 2000, p. 10
  41. Pirlo 1997, p. 7
  42. Cormack 2000, p. 889
  43. Vassilaki 2000, p. 132
  44. Krautheimer 1980, pp. 69–70
  45. Rubin 2009, pp. 95–96
  46. Andrew J. Ekonomou. Byzantine Rome and Greek Popes. Lexington Books, 2007 [page needed][ISBN missing]
  47. Dyson (2010), p. 295.
    https://books.google.com/books?id=wfN5dd5wbWgC&pg=PA295
  48. Salzman (1990), p. 11.
    https://books.google.com/books?id=xar95I_wpLMC&pg=PA11
  49. Magi (1972).
  50. "Pope Francis' mortal remains buried in St. Mary Major"
    https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2025-04/pope-francis-is-buried-in-st-mary-major.html
  51. Miles 1993, p. 158
  52. Beny & Gunn 1981, p. 106
  53. Charles A. Coulombe, Vicars of Christ, p. 330.
  54. Basilica memorial to celebrate the end of the French Wars of Religion; accessed 22 March 2014.
    http://members.tripod.com/romeartlover/Vasi48.html
  55. Il Divoto Pellegrino Guidato, ed Istruito nella Visita delle quattro Basiliche di Roma, per il Giubileo dell'Anno Santo
    https://books.google.com/books?id=CR_nJAAACAAJ
  56. Gwynn & Bangert 2010, p. 235
  57. Miles 1993, p. 160
  58. Krautheimer 1980, p. 47
  59. Krautheimer 1980, p. 48
  60. Inside the Basilica
    https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/en/storia/interno.htm
  61. Sacred Destinations: SantaMariaMaggiore, Rome
    http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/rome-santa-maria-maggiore
  62. Eitel-Porter 1997, pp. 452–462
  63. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/14/pope-francis-style-first-day
  64. Liberian Chapter
    https://www.vatican.va/various/basiliche/sm_maggiore/en/capitolo/capitolo.htm
  65. Vatican News
    https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2025-04/pope-francis-is-buried-in-st-mary-major.html
  66. Associated Press News
    https://apnews.com/article/vatican-pope-basilica-burial-argentina-ba9dc3ccbf4210df16e64d4032451671
  67. Moroni 1840, pp. 127–135
  68. Respective biographical entries on Essay of a General List of Cardinals by Salvador Miranda
    https://cardinals.fiu.edu/essay.htm
  69. Ferri 1904, pp. 147–202 and 441–459
  70. Ferri 1905, pp. 23–39
  71. Ferri 1907, pp. 119–168
  72. press.vatican.va
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2025/07/04/250704b.html
  73. "Notice from the Office of Liturgical Celebrations: Interment of the coffin of the Roman Pontiff Francis, 23.04.2025"
    https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2025/04/23/250423b.html
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