Topzle Topzle

Réunion

Updated: Wikipedia source

Réunion

Réunion (; French: [la ʁe.ynjɔ̃] ; Reunionese Creole: La Rényon; known as Île Bourbon before 1848) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas department and region of France within the African region. Part of the Mascarene Islands, it is located approximately 679 kilometres (367 nautical miles) east of the island of Madagascar and 175 kilometres (94 nmi) southwest of the island of Mauritius. As of January 2025, it had a population of 896,175. Its capital and largest city is Saint-Denis. Before the arrival of French colonial subjects and immigrants in the 17th century, Réunion was an uninhabited island. Its tropical climate led to the development of a plantation economy focused primarily on sugar; slaves from East Africa were imported as fieldworkers, followed by Malays, Vietnamese, Chinese, and Indians as indentured laborers. Today, the greatest proportion of the population is of mixed descent, while the predominant language is Réunion Creole, though French remains the sole official language. Since 1946, Réunion has been governed as a French region and thus has a similar status to its counterparts in Metropolitan France. Consequently, it is one of the outermost regions of the European Union and part of the eurozone; it is, along with the French overseas department of Mayotte, one of the two eurozone areas in the Southern Hemisphere and in Africa. Owing to its strategic location, France maintains a large military presence on the island.

Infobox

Country
France
Prefecture
Saint-Denis
Departments
1
• President of Regional Council
Huguette Bello (PLR)
• President of Departmental Council
Cyrille Melchior (LR)
• Total
€23.2 billion
• Rank
15th region
• Density
356.9/km2 (924.4/sq mi)
Demonym
Réunionese
• Per capita
€26,300
Time zone
UTC 04:00 (RET)
ISO 3166 code
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li REFR-974
Languages
FrenchRéunion Creole
Currency
Euro (€) (EUR)
Website
PrefectureRegional CouncilDepartmental Council

Tables

· Administrative divisions › Municipalities (<i>communes</i>)
Les Avirons
Les Avirons
Name
Les Avirons
Area (km2)
26.27
Population (2019)
11,440
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Bras-Panon
Bras-Panon
Name
Bras-Panon
Area (km2)
88.55
Population (2019)
13,057
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Benoît
Map
Cilaos
Cilaos
Name
Cilaos
Area (km2)
84.4
Population (2019)
5,538
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Entre-Deux
Entre-Deux
Name
Entre-Deux
Area (km2)
66.83
Population (2019)
6,927
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
L'Étang-Salé
L'Étang-Salé
Name
L'Étang-Salé
Area (km2)
38.65
Population (2019)
14,059
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Petite-Île
Petite-Île
Name
Petite-Île
Area (km2)
33.93
Population (2019)
12,395
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
La Plaine-des-Palmistes
La Plaine-des-Palmistes
Name
La Plaine-des-Palmistes
Area (km2)
83.19
Population (2019)
6,626
Arrondissement
Saint-Benoît
Map
Le Port
Le Port
Name
Le Port
Area (km2)
16.62
Population (2019)
32,977
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Paul
Map
La Possession
La Possession
Name
La Possession
Area (km2)
118.35
Population (2019)
32,985
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Paul
Map
Saint-André
Saint-André
Name
Saint-André
Area (km2)
53.07
Population (2019)
56,902
Arrondissement
Saint-Benoît
Map
Saint-Benoît
Saint-Benoît
Name
Saint-Benoît
Area (km2)
229.61
Population (2019)
37,036
Arrondissement
Saint-Benoît
Map
Saint-Denis
Saint-Denis
Name
Saint-Denis
Area (km2)
142.79
Population (2019)
153,810
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Denis
Map
Saint-Joseph
Saint-Joseph
Name
Saint-Joseph
Area (km2)
178.5
Population (2019)
37,918
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Saint-Leu
Saint-Leu
Name
Saint-Leu
Area (km2)
118.37
Population (2019)
34,586
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Paul
Map
Saint-Louis
Saint-Louis
Name
Saint-Louis
Area (km2)
98.9
Population (2019)
53,120
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Saint-Paul
Saint-Paul
Name
Saint-Paul
Area (km2)
241.28
Population (2019)
103,208
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Paul
Map
Saint-Philippe
Saint-Philippe
Name
Saint-Philippe
Area (km2)
153.94
Population (2019)
5,198
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Saint-Pierre
Saint-Pierre
Name
Saint-Pierre
Area (km2)
95.99
Population (2019)
84,982
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Sainte-Marie
Sainte-Marie
Name
Sainte-Marie
Area (km2)
87.21
Population (2019)
34,061
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Denis
Map
Sainte-Rose
Sainte-Rose
Name
Sainte-Rose
Area (km2)
177.6
Population (2019)
6,345
Arrondissement
Saint-Benoît
Map
Sainte-Suzanne
Sainte-Suzanne
Name
Sainte-Suzanne
Area (km2)
58.84
Population (2019)
24,065
Arrondissement
Saint-Denis
Map
Salazie
Salazie
Name
Salazie
Area (km2)
103.82
Population (2019)
7,136
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Benoît
Map
Le Tampon
Le Tampon
Name
Le Tampon
Area (km2)
165.43
Population (2019)
79,824
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Saint-Pierre
Map
Les Trois-Bassins
Les Trois-Bassins
Name
Les Trois-Bassins
Area (km2)
42.58
Population (2019)
7,015
Arrondissement
Saint-Paul
Map
Name
Area (km2)
Population (2019)
Coat of arms
Arrondissement
Map
Les Avirons
26.27
11,440
Saint-Pierre
Bras-Panon
88.55
13,057
Saint-Benoît
Cilaos
84.4
5,538
Saint-Pierre
Entre-Deux
66.83
6,927
Saint-Pierre
L'Étang-Salé
38.65
14,059
Saint-Pierre
Petite-Île
33.93
12,395
Saint-Pierre
La Plaine-des-Palmistes
83.19
6,626
Saint-Benoît
Le Port
16.62
32,977
Saint-Paul
La Possession
118.35
32,985
Saint-Paul
Saint-André
53.07
56,902
Saint-Benoît
Saint-Benoît
229.61
37,036
Saint-Benoît
Saint-Denis
142.79
153,810
Saint-Denis
Saint-Joseph
178.5
37,918
Saint-Pierre
Saint-Leu
118.37
34,586
Saint-Paul
Saint-Louis
98.9
53,120
Saint-Pierre
Saint-Paul
241.28
103,208
Saint-Paul
Saint-Philippe
153.94
5,198
Saint-Pierre
Saint-Pierre
95.99
84,982
Saint-Pierre
Sainte-Marie
87.21
34,061
Saint-Denis
Sainte-Rose
177.6
6,345
Saint-Benoît
Sainte-Suzanne
58.84
24,065
Saint-Denis
Salazie
103.82
7,136
Saint-Benoît
Le Tampon
165.43
79,824
Saint-Pierre
Les Trois-Bassins
42.58
7,015
Saint-Paul
· Demographics › Major metropolitan areas
Saint-Denis
Saint-Denis
Urban unit
Saint-Denis
Population (2021)
319,141
Saint-Pierre-Le Tampon
Saint-Pierre-Le Tampon
Urban unit
Saint-Pierre-Le Tampon
Population (2021)
224,549
Saint-Paul
Saint-Paul
Urban unit
Saint-Paul
Population (2021)
172,302
Urban unit
Population (2021)
Saint-Denis
319,141
Saint-Pierre-Le Tampon
224,549
Saint-Paul
172,302
Regional GDP of Réunion(in euros, current prices) · Economy
Nominal GDP (€ bn)
Nominal GDP (€ bn)
Col 1
Nominal GDP (€ bn)
2000
9.55
2007
15.17
2013
16.53
2014
16.97
2015
17.55
2016
18.07
2017
18.56
2018
19.00
2019
19.51
GDP per capita (euros)
GDP per capita (euros)
Col 1
GDP per capita (euros)
2000
13,218
2007
18,937
2013
19,701
2014
20,045
2015
20,608
2016
21,171
2017
21,707
2018
22,128
2019
22,629
GDP per capita as a %of Metropolitan France's
GDP per capita as a %of Metropolitan France's
Col 1
GDP per capita as a %of Metropolitan France's
2000
53.7%
2007
61.6%
2013
60.6%
2014
61.0%
2015
61.5%
2016
62.4%
2017
62.4%
2018
62.0%
2019
61.7%
Source: INSEE
Source: INSEE
Col 1
Source: INSEE
2000
2007
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Nominal GDP (€ bn)
9.55
15.17
16.53
16.97
17.55
18.07
18.56
19.00
19.51
GDP per capita (euros)
13,218
18,937
19,701
20,045
20,608
21,171
21,707
22,128
22,629
GDP per capita as a %of Metropolitan France's
53.7%
61.6%
60.6%
61.0%
61.5%
62.4%
62.4%
62.0%
61.7%
Source: INSEE
· Economy
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
Sector
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
% of total GVA
1.9%
Detail Agriculture and forestry 1.4% Fishing 0.5%
Detail Agriculture and forestry 1.4% Fishing 0.5%
Sector
Detail Agriculture and forestry 1.4% Fishing 0.5%
Mining and quarrying
Mining and quarrying
Sector
Mining and quarrying
% of total GVA
0.0%
Manufacturing
Manufacturing
Sector
Manufacturing
% of total GVA
4.6%
Detail Food manufacturing(of which: sugar and rum) 1.9%(0.5%) Petroleum and coal products manufacturing 0.0% Non-food and non-petroleum/coal manufacturing 2.8%
Detail Food manufacturing(of which: sugar and rum) 1.9%(0.5%) Petroleum and coal products manufacturing 0.0% Non-food and non-petroleum/coal manufacturing 2.8%
Sector
Detail Food manufacturing(of which: sugar and rum) 1.9%(0.5%) Petroleum and coal products manufacturing 0.0% Non-food and non-petroleum/coal manufacturing 2.8%
Utilities
Utilities
Sector
Utilities
% of total GVA
1.6%
Construction
Construction
Sector
Construction
% of total GVA
5.8%
Market services
Market services
Sector
Market services
% of total GVA
49.8%
Detail Wholesale and retail trade 11.1% Transportation and warehousing 3.7% Accommodation and food services 1.9% Information and communication 3.3% Finance and insurance 4.5% Real estate activities 14.8% Professional, scientific and technical services 3.1% Administrative and support services 3.4% Other (entertainment, repair, personal, and laundry services) 4.0%
Detail Wholesale and retail trade 11.1% Transportation and warehousing 3.7% Accommodation and food services 1.9% Information and communication 3.3% Finance and insurance 4.5% Real estate activities 14.8% Professional, scientific and technical services 3.1% Administrative and support services 3.4% Other (entertainment, repair, personal, and laundry services) 4.0%
Sector
Detail Wholesale and retail trade 11.1% Transportation and warehousing 3.7% Accommodation and food services 1.9% Information and communication 3.3% Finance and insurance 4.5% Real estate activities 14.8% Professional, scientific and technical services 3.1% Administrative and support services 3.4% Other (entertainment, repair, personal, and laundry services) 4.0%
Non-market services
Non-market services
Sector
Non-market services
% of total GVA
36.2%
Detail Public administration and defense 10.9% Education, health care, elderly care, child day-care 25.3%
Detail Public administration and defense 10.9% Education, health care, elderly care, child day-care 25.3%
Sector
Detail Public administration and defense 10.9% Education, health care, elderly care, child day-care 25.3%
Sector
% of total GVA
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
1.9%
Detail Agriculture and forestry 1.4% Fishing 0.5%
Detail
Agriculture and forestry1.4%
Fishing0.5%
Mining and quarrying
0.0%
Manufacturing
4.6%
Detail Food manufacturing(of which: sugar and rum) 1.9%(0.5%) Petroleum and coal products manufacturing 0.0% Non-food and non-petroleum/coal manufacturing 2.8%
Detail
Food manufacturing(of which: sugar and rum)1.9%(0.5%)
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing0.0%
Non-food and non-petroleum/coal manufacturing2.8%
Utilities
1.6%
Construction
5.8%
Market services
49.8%
Detail Wholesale and retail trade 11.1% Transportation and warehousing 3.7% Accommodation and food services 1.9% Information and communication 3.3% Finance and insurance 4.5% Real estate activities 14.8% Professional, scientific and technical services 3.1% Administrative and support services 3.4% Other (entertainment, repair, personal, and laundry services) 4.0%
Detail
Wholesale and retail trade11.1%
Transportation and warehousing3.7%
Accommodation and food services1.9%
Information and communication3.3%
Finance and insurance4.5%
Real estate activities14.8%
Professional, scientific and technical services3.1%
Administrative and support services3.4%
Other (entertainment, repair, personal, and laundry services)4.0%
Non-market services
36.2%
Detail Public administration and defense 10.9% Education, health care, elderly care, child day-care 25.3%
Detail
Public administration and defense10.9%
Education, health care, elderly care, child day-care25.3%

References

  1. "Estimation de population par région, sexe et grande classe d'âge – Années 1975 à 2025"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/8331297/estim-pop-nreg-sexe-gca-1975-2025.xlsx
  2. "Comptes économiques rapides de La Réunion 2023"
    https://www.cerom-outremer.fr/la-reunion/publications/etudes-cerom/comptes-economiques-rapides-de-la-reunion-2023.html
  3. Réunion is pictured on all Euro banknotes, on the back at the bottom of each note, right of the Greek ΕΥΡΩ (EURO) next t
  4. Jean Baptiste Duvergier, Collection complète des lois [...], éd. A. Guyot et Scribe, Paris, 1834, «Décret du 23 mars 179
  5. Daniel Vaxellaire, Le Grand Livre de l'histoire de La Réunion, vol. 1 : Des origines à 1848, éd. Orphie, 2000, 701 p. IS
  6. Nouveau recueil général de traités, conventions et autres transactions remarquables – Année 1848, éd. Librairie de Diete
  7. Lexique des règles typographiques en usage à l'Imprimerie nationale, Imprimerie nationale, 1990 ISBN 978-2-11-081075-5 ;
  8. "Commission nationale de toponymie – Collectivités territoriales françaises"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20081112114347/http://www.cnig.gouv.fr/upload/ressource/r1147273214.DOC
  9. Slaves, Freedmen and Indentured Laborers in Colonial Mauritius
    https://books.google.com/books?id=WVmqM7F-J4QC&pg=PA9
  10. Histoire de la justice dans les Mascareignes
    https://books.google.com/books?id=BmgwAAAAYAAJ
  11. Islands in the southern Indian Ocean westward of Longitude 80 degrees east, including Madagascar
    https://books.google.com/books?id=-NmhAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA269
  12. "| Journal de l'île de la Réunion"
    http://www.clicanoo.re/index.php?page=imprimer&id_article=97540
  13. Asian and African Systems of Slavery. (1980). Storbritannien: University of California Press. p. 75–76
  14. 2.assemblee-nationale.fr
    https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/decouvrir-l-assemblee/histoire
  15. Asian and African Systems of Slavery. (1980). Storbritannien: University of California Press. p. 75–77
  16. Raoul LUCAS et Mario SERVIABLE, C.R.I p. 26
  17. Unknown Conflicts of the Second World War: Forgotten Fronts
    https://books.google.com/books?id=VTiDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT97
  18. Slate
    https://www.slate.fr/story/81217/pupilles-reunion-creuse
  19. Une enfance volée
    https://books.google.com/books?id=nYEMAQAAMAAJ
  20. ici, par France Bleu et France 3
    https://www.francebleu.fr/infos/societe/chronologie-l-histoire-des-enfants-reunionnais-deplaces-en-metropole-1391019290
  21. Grandsudreunion.org
    https://web.archive.org/web/20060629154206/http://www.grandsudreunion.org/FR2004/aeroport.php
  22. Odr.net
    http://odr.net/pub/documents/doc48.pdf
  23. [1] [dead link]
    http://www.villagescreoles.re/Villages-Creoles-c-est-quoi.html
  24. « Saint-Louis édite un guide touristique », JIR, Saturday 6 September 2003.
  25. JIR, 24 November 2003,« Plein phare sur sainte Suzanne ».
  26. arXiv
    https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.6241
  27. arXiv
    https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5252
  28. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4674376.stm
  29. Emerging Infectious Diseases
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2630048
  30. BBC News
    https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/4777530.stm
  31. Al Jazeera
    https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2025/3/1/three-dead-as-cyclone-garance-wrecks-frances-la-reunion-island
  32. legifrance.gouv.fr
    https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/Droit-francais/Guide-de-legistique/III.-Redaction-des-textes/3.6.-Application-et-applicabilite-des-textes-outre-mer/3.6.4.-Collectivites-d-Outre-mer-de-l-article-73-de-la-Constitution-Guadeloupe-Guyane-Martinique-La-Reunion-Mayotte
  33. Guy Dupont, Condé-sur-Noireau, L'Harmattan, juin 1990, 759 p. ISBN 2-7384-0715-3 p. 27
  34. "Département de La Réunion (974)"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/departement/974-la-reunion
  35. Populations légales 2019: 974 La Réunion Archived 12 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine, INSEE
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6011060/dep974.pdf
  36. "Forces armées dans la Zone-sud de l'océan Indien"
    https://www.defense.gouv.fr/operations/forces-prepositionnees/forces-souverainete/forces-armees-zone-sud-locean-indien
  37. "France: A Bridge between Europe and the Indo-Pacific?"
    https://www.csis.org/analysis/france-bridge-between-europe-and-indo-pacific
  38. DefenceWeb
    https://www.defenceweb.co.za/aerospace/aerospace-aerospace/french-rafales-visit-reunion/
  39. Franceinfo
    https://la1ere.franceinfo.fr/reunion/effectifs-militaires-renforces-reserve-doublee-la-reunion-est-un-point-d-appui-strategique-majeur-de-la-france-1608906.html
  40. Mer et Marine
    https://www.meretmarine.com/fr/defense/les-helicopteres-panther-maintenus-sur-les-fregates-de-surveillance-aux-antilles
  41. French Navy
    https://www.defense.gouv.fr/marine/actualites/fin-mission-panther-34f-prend-relais-reunion
  42. zone militaire
    https://www.opex360.com/2025/08/26/avec-le-pom-auguste-techer-la-marine-nationale-dispose-a-nouveau-de-deux-patrouilleurs-a-la-reunion/
  43. Radio 6
    https://www.radio6.fr/article-72159-boulogne-le-4eme-patrouilleur-de-la-marine-nationale-est-sorti-des-chantiers-de-la-socarenam.html
  44. Zone militaire
    https://www.opex360.com/2024/07/13/ocean-indien-des-drones-reaper-pourront-etre-ponctuellement-deployes-a-la-reunion/
  45. Naval News
    https://www.navalnews.com/naval-news/2021/09/french-navys-new-pom-opvs-take-shape-at-socarenam-shipyard/
  46. "Les DOM, défi pour la République, chance pour la France, 100 propositions pour fonder l'avenir (volume 2, comptes rendus des auditions et des déplacements de la mission)"
    https://www.senat.fr/rap/r08-519-2/r08-519-229.html
  47. [2] Archived 7 June 2020 at the Wayback Machine Le Piton du Confinement on clicanoo.com
    https://www.clicanoo.re/Societe/Article/2020/05/20/Le-cone-volcanique-de-leruption-du-confinement-baptise-Piton-Voulvoul
  48. "Reunion sees 'colossal' volcano eruption, but population safe"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070409021223/http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20070407/wl_afp/francereunionvolcano
  49. Emmanuel Tessier, Saint Denis, Thèse de doctorat sous la direction de Pascale Chabanet et Catherine Aliaume, 2005, 254 p
  50. Guy Dupont, Condé-sur-Noireau, L'Harmattan, juin 1990, 759 p. ISBN 2-7384-0715-3 p. 100.
  51. meteofrance.re
    http://www.meteofrance.re/climat/reunion/normales
  52. Imaz Press Réunion : l'actualité de la Réunion en photos
    https://www.ipreunion.com/neige-sur-la-reunion/reportage/2006/10/10/exceptionnel,il-a-neige-au-volcan,2804.html
  53. "European island outermost regions and climate change adaptation: a new role for regional planning"
    https://www.islandstudies.ca/sites/default/files/ISJRibalayguaetalEuropeanOutermostRegionsClimateChangeAdaptation.pdf
  54. Arizona State University
    http://wmo.asu.edu/
  55. "World: Greatest Twenty-four-Hour (1 Day) Rainfall"
    https://wmo.asu.edu/content/world-greatest-twenty-four-hour-1-day-rainfall
  56. Snorkeling Report
    https://www.snorkeling-report.com/spot/snorkeling-ermitage-reunion-island/
  57. Snorkeling Report
    http://www.indian-ocean.com/the-beaches-of-reunion-island/
  58. Habiter La Réunion
    https://habiter-la-reunion.re/la-flore-de-la-reunion/
  59. (in French) L'Île de la Réunion.com: Le paille en queue Archived 29 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine
    http://www.liledelareunion.com/Fr/Oiseaux/paille.php
  60. Genome Biology and Evolution
    https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/10/1/220/4675325
  61. YouTube
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p34t9JKadqI&t=596s
  62. Université de la Réunion
    https://theses.hal.science/tel-02307585/file/2018lare0044_OEsnault.pdf
  63. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology
    http://agritrop.cirad.fr/609661/1/1-s2.0-S0022201124000685-main.pdf
  64. vieoceane.free.fr
    http://vieoceane.free.fr/EEDD/biodiv.htm
  65. crustiesfroverseas.free.fr
    http://crustiesfroverseas.free.fr/iles.php?ile=Reunion
  66. Ronald Fricke, Thierry Mulochau, Patrick Durville, Pascale Chabanet, Emmanuel Tessier et Yves Letourneur, «  », Stuttgar
  67. "Crise requin: Les causes scientifiques sous les projecteurs de la revue "Nature""
    https://www.zinfos974.com/Crise-requin-Les-causes-scientifiques-sous-les-projecteurs-de-la-revue-Nature_a124908.html
  68. News Corp Australia
    http://www.news.com.au/travel/news/big-read-reunion-island-beset-by-shark-controversy/story-e6frfq80-1226707678565
  69. Étude comparative des récifs coralliens de l'archipel des Mascareignes, station marine d'Endoume et Centre d'Océanograph
  70. "Pitons, cirques and remparts of Réunion Island"
    https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1317
  71. BioScience
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5451287
  72. Journal of Plant Development
  73. American Rose Society
    http://www.rose.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/History-of-Roses-Bourbon-Roses2.pdf
  74. C. Gabrié, «  », Initiative Française pour les récifs coralliens (Ifrecor), 1998, p. 136
  75. Ronald Fricke, Thierry Mulochau, Patrick Durville, Pascale Chabanet, Emmanuel Tessier et Yves Letourneur, «  », Stuttgar
  76. "UICN.fr - Liste Rouge Réunion"
    https://uicn.fr/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Tableaux_Liste_rouge_faune_de_La_Reunion.pdf
  77. Résultats statistiques du recensement général de la population des départements d'outre-mer effectué le 9 octobre 1961. Réunion
    https://books.google.com/books?id=j_aNvJBZ-vUC&q=1654
  78. Annuaire de l'île de la Réunion
    https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark%3A/12148/cb32696174t/date%26rk%3D21459%3B2
  79. La population réunionaise. Analyse démographique
    https://books.google.com/books?id=XpJQpzh4aLQC&dq=population+la+r%C3%A9union+%22274370%22+1954+insee&pg=PA129
  80. "Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Saint-Denis (9D1)"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/aire-attraction-des-villes-2020/9D1-saint-denis
  81. "Statistiques locales: France par aire d'attraction des villes, Population municipale (historique depuis 1876) 2021"
    https://statistiques-locales.insee.fr/#bbox=-116420,5228720,245067,148203&c=indicator&i=pop_depuis_1876.pop&s=2021&t=A01&view=map13
  82. "Individus localisés à la région en 2019 - Recensement de la population - Fichiers détail"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6456040?sommaire=6456104
  83. La population réunionaise. Analyse démographique
    https://books.google.com/books?id=z_wQCwAAQBAJ&dq=Tableau+4+Population+de+la+R%C3%A9union+selon+le+lieu+de+naissance+aux+recensements+134&pg=PA134
  84. "Données harmonisées des recensements de la population 1968–2018"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6023301?sommaire=2414232
  85. The Times of India
    https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/surat/french-island-la-reunion-is-home-to-several-gujaratis/articleshow/55988312.cms
  86. Hastings International and Comparative Law Review
    https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1236362
  87. Pidgins and Creoles: References survey
    https://books.google.com/books?id=PcD7p9y3EIcC&pg=PA394
  88. The Indian Diaspora
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100821114441/http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter6.pdf
  89. "La Réunion Métisse"
    http://www.clicanoo.com/index.php?id_article=97657&page=article
  90. Advances in Physiology Education
    https://doi.org/10.1152%2Fadvan.00069.2005
  91. "Country Profile: Reunion (Department of Reunion)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20071013201658/http://www.religiousintelligence.co.uk/country/?CountryID=151
  92. "NRI"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100821114441/http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter6.pdf
  93. "Reunion | History, Location, Map, Population, & Facts"
    https://www.britannica.com/place/Reunion
  94. Insee.fr
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/6676745#:~:text=Au+contraire+des+habitants+des,(7+%25+des+croyants)
  95. Peoples of Africa: Réunion-Somalia
    https://books.google.com/books?id=Tsqua-r16i4C&pg=PA412
  96. Témoignages
    https://www.temoignages.re/culture/culture-et-identite/des-rituels-apres-tout-reunionnais,16355
  97. "Ethnologue report (language code:rcf)"
    http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=rcf
  98. Le Monde
    https://www.lemonde.fr/musiques/article/2021/12/20/musique-le-maloya-de-la-clandestinite-a-la-celebrite_6106831_1654986.html
  99. inforeunion: Un regard info politique - Ile de La Réunion - Océan Indien
    http://www.inforeunion.net/La-longue-marche-du-maloya_a7484.html
  100. Témoignagese
    https://www.temoignages.re/culture/culture-et-identite/20-decembre-jour-ferie-loi-votee-a-l-unanimite-de-l-assemblee-nationale,94697
  101. casls.uoregon.edu
    https://casls.uoregon.edu/mosaic/FR_mosaic/africa/FR_U4A3/LaFranceColoniale.html
  102. Île de la Réunion Tourisme
    https://www.reunion.fr/decouvrez/au-rythme-de-la-musique-creole-a-la-reunion/
  103. Imaz Press
    https://imazpress.com/culture/hommage-au-rwa-kaf
  104. Île de la Réunion Tourisme
    https://www.reunion.fr/decouvrez/gastronomie/les-epices-et-les-senteurs/le-curcuma/
  105. Marmiton
    https://www.marmiton.org/recettes/recette_saute-de-porc-a-l-ananas-tres-facile_66650.aspx
  106. Clicanoo.re
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200801030535/https://www.clicanoo.re/Societe/Article/2018/02/19/Le-civet-de-Tangue-par-Pepe-do-Fe_515729
  107. La Réunion
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180820235137/https://en.reunion.fr/organize/news/the-grand-raid-25-years-of-madness
  108. "Site officiel de la Ligue Réunionnaise d'Athlétisme"
    http://reunion.athle.com/
  109. "Tableau économique régional de La Réunion, Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, 2007"
    http://www.insee.fr/fr/insee_regions/reunion/themes/dossiers/ter/ter2007_05_1_parc_logements.pdf
  110. Carte de La Réunion
    https://www.cartedelareunion.fr/listings/la-villa-deramond-barre
  111. Mediapart
    https://www.mediapart.fr/journal/france/160924/la-fin-de-carriere-peu-glorieuse-du-patron-du-journal-de-l-ile-de-la-reunion
  112. Le Monde
    https://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2023/12/13/a-la-reunion-deux-quotidiens-en-crise_6205652_3234.html
  113. Outre-mer la 1ère: les unes de la presse d'Outre-mer
    https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/2013/12/16/la-reunion-le-quotidien-temoignages-passe-au-numerique-france-antilles-rappelle-l-urgence-de-s-inscrire-pour-voter-les-unes-de-la-presse-d-outre-mer-94661.html
  114. instagram.com
    https://www.instagram.com/visitreunion/
  115. "La Réunion Numérique"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180625114306/http://www.lareunionnumerique.net/pages/accueil.php
  116. "World Economic Outlook Database: October 2021"
    https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2021/October/weo-report?c=614,638,616,748,618,624,622,626,628,632,636,634,662,642,643,734,644,646,648,652,656,654,664,666,668,674,676,678,684,688,728,692,694,714,716,722,718,724,199,733,738,742,746,754,698,&s=NGDPDPC,&sy=2019&ey=2026&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1
  117. "Produits intérieurs bruts régionaux et valeurs ajoutées régionales de 2000 à 2020"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/5020211
  118. "Comptes économiques de La Réunion. Principaux indicateurs de 1996 à 2020 – base 2014"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2386064
  119. Elefant Tours
    https://www.elefant-tours.de/reisen/la-reunion/
  120. "SEAS-OI, VIGISAT international success Réunion Island acquires an acquisition and processing system for high-resolution satellite images"
    http://www.vigisat.eu/web/en/63-news.php?item=71
  121. "Surveillance of maritime and terrestrial activities by radar"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190203011721/https://www.cls.fr/en/ground-segments-and-operations/surveillance-of-maritime-and-terrestrial-activities-by-radar/#fragment1
  122. "Derniers résultats des comptes définitifs : 1996 à 2017 – base 2014. Activité des branches"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2386064
  123. "Bilan économique 2023 - La Réunion - Chômage et politiques de l'emploi - Le taux d'emploi progresse, notamment en raison de la participation croissante des femmes au marché du travail"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7935957?sommaire=7936570#graphique-figure4
  124. De l'économie coloniale à l'économie mondialisée – Aspects multiples de la transition (XXe et XXIe siècles)
    https://books.google.com/books?id=n2QkA7LOJC8C&pg=PA179
  125. "En 2021, le taux de pauvreté s'élève à 36 % à La Réunion"
    https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/7767624#titre-bloc-1
  126. "Rapport annuel économique de La Réunion 2023"
    https://www.iedom.fr/IMG/pdf/ra_final.pdf
  127. Notes sur La Réunion. Industrie sucrière, commerce, agriculture, immigration », dans Revue maritime et coloniale, avril
  128. DEAL Réunion
    https://www.reunion.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/immatriculation-et-parc-des-vehicules-a-la-reunion-a1407.html?lang=fr
  129. Data calculated using the previous source (Immatriculation et parc des véhicules à La Réunion - Bilan 2024) and the 2024
  130. pierrefond-aeroport.fr
    https://www.pierrefonds.aeroport.fr/
  131. International Railway Journal
    https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/light-rail/consultation-begins-on-reunion-tram-project/
  132. "Éducation prioritaire"
    http://www.ac-reunion.fr/la-pedagogie/education-prioritaire.html
  133. "Site de l'Université de la Réunion 2020/2021"
    https://www.univ-reunion.fr/
  134. guide-reunion.fr
    https://guide-reunion.fr/
  135. Zinfos 974, l'actualité de l'île de La Réunion
    https://www.zinfos974.com/Saint-Philippe-Le-drapeau-Lo-Maveli-adopte-par-la-mairie_a72018.html
Image
Source:
Tip: Wheel or +/− to zoom, drag to pan, Esc to close.