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Rules of the Eurovision Song Contest

Updated: 12/11/2025, 6:17:09 PM Wikipedia source

A detailed set of rules and obligations, which all participating broadcasters and participants in the annual Eurovision Song Contest (French: Concours Eurovision de la chanson) must uphold, is produced annually ahead of each edition of the international song contest. These rules are drafted by the contest organisers, the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), and approved by the contest's reference group. They typically outline which songs may be deemed eligible for entry, the format of the contest, the voting system employed to select a contest winner and how the results of this vote are presented to the televised audience, the overall values of the contest, and distribution and broadcasting rights through television, radio and streaming services. Since the contest's inaugural edition in 1956, the rules upon which the event has been organised and contested have changed over time.

Tables

Executive supervisors · Organisation › Scrutineers and executive supervisors
Rolf Liebermann
Rolf Liebermann
Name
Rolf Liebermann
Contest(s)
1956–1957
Total
2
Unknown
Unknown
Name
Unknown
Contest(s)
1958–1962
Total
5
Miroslav Vilček
Miroslav Vilček
Name
Miroslav Vilček
Contest(s)
1963–1965
Total
3
Clifford Brown
Clifford Brown
Name
Clifford Brown
Contest(s)
1966–1977
Total
12
Frank Naef [sv]
Frank Naef [sv]
Name
Frank Naef [sv]
Contest(s)
1978–1992
Total
15
Christian Clausen
Christian Clausen
Name
Christian Clausen
Contest(s)
1993–1995
Total
3
Christine Marchal-Ortiz
Christine Marchal-Ortiz
Name
Christine Marchal-Ortiz
Contest(s)
1996; 1998–2002
Total
6
Marie-Claire Vionnet
Marie-Claire Vionnet
Name
Marie-Claire Vionnet
Contest(s)
1997
Total
1
Sarah Yuen
Sarah Yuen
Name
Sarah Yuen
Contest(s)
2003
Total
1
Svante Stockselius
Svante Stockselius
Name
Svante Stockselius
Contest(s)
2004–2010
Total
7
Jon Ola Sand
Jon Ola Sand
Name
Jon Ola Sand
Contest(s)
2011–2020
Total
9 (1 cancelled)
Martin Österdahl
Martin Österdahl
Name
Martin Österdahl
Contest(s)
2021–2025
Total
5
Name
Contest(s)
Total
Rolf Liebermann
1956–1957
2
Unknown
1958–1962
5
Miroslav Vilček
1963–1965
3
Clifford Brown
1966–1977
12
Frank Naef [sv]
1978–1992
15
Christian Clausen
1993–1995
3
Christine Marchal-Ortiz
1996; 1998–2002
6
Marie-Claire Vionnet
1997
1
Sarah Yuen
2003
1
Svante Stockselius
2004–2010
7
Jon Ola Sand
2011–2020
9 (1 cancelled)
Martin Österdahl
2021–2025
5
Event and security managers · Organisation › Scrutineers and executive supervisors
Sietse Bakker
Sietse Bakker
Name
Sietse Bakker
Contest(s)
2011–2016
Nadja Burkhardt
Nadja Burkhardt
Name
Nadja Burkhardt
Contest(s)
2016–2022
Andreas Schmitz-Mensger
Andreas Schmitz-Mensger
Name
Andreas Schmitz-Mensger
Contest(s)
2023–2025
Name
Contest(s)
Sietse Bakker
2011–2016
Nadja Burkhardt
2016–2022
Andreas Schmitz-Mensger
2023–2025
Overview of tie-breaking rules · Voting › Ties for first place
1956–1969
1956–1969
Year
1956–1969
Use
—
Description
No tie-breaking rules were in place.
1970–1988
1970–1988
Year
1970–1988
Use
Only to determine the winner.
Description
The jury decided the winner through a simple vote for their favourite.
1989–2000
1989–2000
Year
1989–2000
Use
The winner of a tie is the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.
2001–2002
2001–2002
Year
2001–2002
Use
To determine the winnerTo determine the qualifiers for the following year.
Description
The winner of a tie is the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.
2003
2003
Year
2003
Use
Only to determine the winner.
Description
The winner of a tie is the country that received points from more countries, then the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.
2004–2006
2004–2006
Year
2004–2006
Use
To determine the winnerTo determine the 10th qualifier from the semi-final.
2007
2007
Year
2007
Use
The winner of a tie is the country that received points from more countries, then the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, the country that performed earlier wins the tie.
2008–2015
2008–2015
Year
2008–2015
Use
Used for all ties.
2016–present
2016–present
Year
2016–present
Use
The winner of a tie is the country that received more points from the televoting, then the country that received points from more countries in the televoting,then the country that received more 12 points in the televoting, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, the country that performed earlier wins the tie.
Year
Use
Description
1956–1969
—
No tie-breaking rules were in place.
1970–1988
Only to determine the winner.
The jury decided the winner through a simple vote for their favourite.
1989–2000
The winner of a tie is the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points. If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.
2001–2002
To determine the winnerTo determine the qualifiers for the following year.
The winner of a tie is the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.
2003
Only to determine the winner.
The winner of a tie is the country that received points from more countries, then the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, all tied countries are winners.
2004–2006
To determine the winnerTo determine the 10th qualifier from the semi-final.
2007
The winner of a tie is the country that received points from more countries, then the country that received more 12 points, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, the country that performed earlier wins the tie.
2008–2015
Used for all ties.
2016–present
The winner of a tie is the country that received more points from the televoting, then the country that received points from more countries in the televoting,then the country that received more 12 points in the televoting, then 10 points, all the way down to 1.If the tie cannot be broken in this way, the country that performed earlier wins the tie.
Rules overview · Rule changes by year › Chronology
Songs per country
Songs per country
Rule
Songs per country
1956
2
1957
1
Max. # of lead vocalists
Max. # of lead vocalists
Rule
Max. # of lead vocalists
1956
1
1957
2
1958to1965
6
Song length
Song length
Rule
Song length
1956
None
1957
3:00 or less
Language
Language
Rule
Language
1956
None
1957
Native
1958to1965
Any
1966to1969
Native
1970
Any
Live vocals
Live vocals
Rule
Live vocals
1956
All vocals must be live
1957
Lead
Voting for own country
Voting for own country
Rule
Voting for own country
1956
Allowed
1957
Banned
Orchestra
Orchestra
Rule
Orchestra
1956
Orchestra only
1957
Orchestra only,backing track allowed, but instruments on it had to be seen on stage
1958to1965
Free
1966to1969
Backing track only(no orchestra)
Age limit
Age limit
Rule
Age limit
1956
Any
1957
Min. 16 years old
Participants limit
Participants limit
Rule
Participants limit
1956
None
1957
22
1958to1965
23
1966to1969
24
1970
26
1971to1972
40
1973to1976
45
1977to1986
46
1987to1988
44
Qualifications
Qualifications
Rule
Qualifications
1956
A single final
1957
KzM
1958to1965
Relegation
1966to1969
PQR
1970
Relegation
1971to1972
Relegation
1973to1976
SF
1977to1986
2 SFs
Jury or Televoting
Jury or Televoting
Rule
Jury or Televoting
1956
Jury
1957
Televoting test
1958to1965
Televoting
1966to1969
Tele/jury 50/50
1970
Televoting
1971to1972
Televoting in SFs,Tele/jury 50/50 in final
1973to1976
Tele/jury 50/50
1977to1986
Jury and Televoting
1987to1988
Televoting in SFs,both in final
1989
Jury and Televoting
Tiebreakers
Tiebreakers
Rule
Tiebreakers
1956
None
1957
Winner tiebreak
1958to1965
Winner tiebreak
1966to1969
1st & 10th in Semifinals
1970
Full tiebreaker
Rule
1956
1957
1958to1965
1966to1969
1970
1971to1972
1973to1976
1977to1986
1987to1988
1989
1990to1992
1993
1994to1995
1996
1997
1998
1999to2000
2001
2002
2003
2004to2006
2007
2008
2009
2010to2015
2016to2018
2019to2020
2021to2022
2023to2025
2026
Songs per country
2
1
Max. # of lead vocalists
1
2
6
Song length
None
3:00 or less
Language
None
Native
Any
Native
Any
Live vocals
All vocals must be live
Lead
Voting for own country
Allowed
Banned
Orchestra
Orchestra only
Orchestra only,backing track allowed, but instruments on it had to be seen on stage
Free
Backing track only(no orchestra)
Age limit
Any
Min. 16 years old
Participants limit
None
22
23
24
26
40
45
46
44
Qualifications
A single final
KzM
Relegation
PQR
Relegation
Relegation
SF
2 SFs
Jury or Televoting
Jury
Televoting test
Televoting
Tele/jury 50/50
Televoting
Televoting in SFs,Tele/jury 50/50 in final
Tele/jury 50/50
Jury and Televoting
Televoting in SFs,both in final
Jury and Televoting
Tiebreakers
None
Winner tiebreak
Winner tiebreak
1st & 10th in Semifinals
Full tiebreaker

References

  1. Executive producer of the 2026 contest
  2. Co-executive producer of the 2025 contest
  3. Co-executive producer of the 2024 contest
  4. Elected member
  5. Up to 5 backing vocalists allowed.
  6. Up to 5 backing vocalists allowed for soloists, up to 4 backing vocalists allowed for duets.
  7. Up to 6 performers allowed on stage in total.
  8. 3:30 is the recommended max length of a song.
  9. Up until 1964, every country sang in its native language, and an unofficial rule was that every country would do that. I
  10. No rules restricting language usage.
  11. Only lead vocals have to be live. Backing vocals can be live or pre-recorded.
  12. Each country would decide if they wanted to use the orchestra or the backing track.
  13. Worst-scoring countries in the previous contest would have to skip the next contest.
  14. Worst-scoring countries over a period of 5 years would have to skip a contest.
  15. A single semi-final is held where 10 countries qualify. 24 countries compete in the final.
  16. 2 semi-finals are held, with 10 countries qualifying from each.
  17. 5 countries tested televoting, while the other 20 used juries.
  18. A tie is still possible.
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  22. The Guardian
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  56. "Eurovision Song Contest: Jerusalem 1999"
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  59. "Eurovision Song Contest: Naples 1965"
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  61. "Eurovision Song Contest: Luxembourg 1966"
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  63. "Eurovision Song Contest: Luxembourg 1973"
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  65. "Eurovision Song Contest: London 1977"
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  135. "How Eurovision Again came to your screens"
    https://eurovision.tv/story/how-eurovisionagain-was-brought-to-your-screens
  136. O'Connor 2010, pp. 8–9.
  137. "Eurovision Song Contest: Lugano 1956"
    https://eurovision.tv/event/lugano-1956
  138. Roxburgh 2012, pp. 348–358.
  139. "Eurovision Song Contest: Copenhagen 1964"
    https://eurovision.tv/event/copenhagen-1964
  140. bt.dk
    https://www.bt.dk/melodi-grand-prix/bt-afsloerer-her-er-drs-stoerste-grandprix-broeler
  141. dr.dk
    https://www.dr.dk/om-dr/nyheder/billeder-i-denne-uge-er-det-55-aar-siden-danmark-holdt-sit-foerste-eurovision-i-tivoli
  142. O'Connor 2010, pp. 24–25.
  143. "Eurovision Song Contest: Broadcasting Rights"
    https://eurovision.tv/about/broadcasting-rights
  144. "Règlement du Grand Prix Eurovision 1956 de la Chanson Européenne (version définitive)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160620231134/http://www.eurovision.tv/upload/history/1956/56_rules.pdf
  145. "Lugano 1956"
    https://eurovision.tv/event/lugano-1956
  146. "Lugano 1956"
    https://eurovision.tv/event/lugano-1956
  147. "Eurovision Song Contest - Armenia"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090620124912/http://www.eurovision.am/eng/?sub=history
  148. "Naples 1965"
    https://eurovision.tv/event/naples-1965
  149. Eurovision.tv
    https://eurovision.tv/event/dublin-1971
  150. The Eurovision Song Contest: The Official History
  151. "Historical Milestones"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20040605150137/http://www.eurovision.tv/english/611.htm
  152. "Eurovision Song Contest 2003"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20020802010048/http://www.eurovision.tv/
  153. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/media/2015/feb/10/eurovision-song-contest-invites-australia-to-join-worlds-biggest-party
  154. Eurovision.tv
    http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news?id=australia_to_participate_in_the_2015_eurovision_song_contest
  155. SVT Article, 20 Feb 2016 (Swedish)
    http://www.svt.se/melodifestivalen/svt-bakom-historisk-forandring-infor-eurovision-song-contest-i-stockholm-2016
  156. "Australia To Return To The Eurovision Song Contest"
    http://www.eurovision.tv/page/news?id=australia_to_return_to_the_eurovision_song_contest
  157. "Subtle but significant: EBU changes weight of individual jury rankings"
    https://eurovision.tv/story/subtle-significant-ebu-changes-weight-individual-jury-rankings#:~:text=This%20is%20also%20called%20the%20'exponential%20weight%20model'.,8%20points%20and%20so%20on.
  158. Eurovision.tv
    https://eurovision.tv/story/big-five-sweden-perform-semi-finals
  159. "Changes announced to ensure eurovision comes "back for good""
    https://eurovision.tv/story/changes-announced-to-ensure-eurovision-comes-back-for-good
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