| Year | Award | Category | Production | Result | Ref |
| 1983 | Primetime Emmy | Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or a Special | The Executioner's Song | Nominated | |
| 1984 | Boston Society of Film Critics Awards | Best Actress | Baby It's You | Won | |
| 1986 | BAFTA Awards | Best Actress in a Supporting Role | Desperately Seeking Susan | Won | |
| Golden Globe | Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical | Nominated | |
| Independent Spirit Awards | Best Female Lead | After Hours | Nominated | |
| 1987 | BAFTA Awards | Best Actress in a Supporting Role | Nominated | |
| 1989 | Sitges - Catalan International Film Festival | Best Actress | Black Rainbow | Won | |
| 1990 | Australian Film Institute | Best Actress in a Lead Role | Wendy Cracked a Walnut | Nominated | |
| Fantasporto | International Fantasy Film Award | Black Rainbow | Won | |
| 1991 | Mystfest | Best Actress | Won | |
| 1994 | Awards Circuit Community Awards | Best Cast Ensemble | Pulp Fiction | Won | |
| 1997 | Online Film & Television Association | Best Guest Actress in a Drama Series | Gun | Nominated | |
| 2000 | Teen Choice Awards | Film – Choice Hissy Fit | The Whole Nine Yards | Nominated | |
| The Stinkers Bad Movie Awards | Worst Supporting Actress | Nominated | |
| 2007 | Fantasporto | Special Career Award | — | Won | |
| LA Femme International Film Festival | Pioneer Award | — | Nominated | |
| 2021 | Newport Beach Film Festival | Icon Award | Self | Won | |
| 2022 | Vienna Independent Film Festival | Best Supporting Actress | Futra Days | Won | |