-
5,400 per 2000 census.
-
This is a census figure. Some 736,981 (10% of the population) did not declare any ethnicity. There was not any option fo
-
This is a census figure. There was an option to declare multiple ethnicities, so this figure includes Roma of multiple b
-
Approximate estimate.
-
This is a census figure.
-
This is a census figure from 2022 (2% percent of the population). Some 136,198 (2.1% of the population) did not declare
-
This is a census figure. Some 408,777 (7.5% of the population) did not declare any ethnicity. There was not any option f
-
This is a census figure. Less than 1% of the population did not declare any ethnicity.
-
This is a census figure including Romani, Ashkali and Balkan Egyptians.
-
This is a census figure. Some 25% of the population did not declare any ethnicity.
-
The Welsh language alphabet lacks the letter k.
-
"Today, estimates put the number of Roma in the U.S. at about one million."
-
Muslim Romas were excluded from the Deportation of Muslims from Greece's new conquered territory following the First Bal
-
Ethnologue (Free All)
http://www.ethnologue.com/language/rmy -
BBC News
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-12977975 -
"The Roma"
http://www.nationalia.info/new/8761/peoples-and-nations-today-the-roma -
Encyclopædia Britannica
http://www.britannica.com/topic/Rom -
Smith, J. (2008). The marginalization of shadow minorities (Roma) and its impact on opportunities (Doctoral dissertation
-
"Hounded in Europe, Roma in the U.S. Keep a Low Profile"
http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2025316,00.html -
"Falta de políticas públicas para ciganos é desafio para o governo"
https://web.archive.org/web/20120111101119/http://noticias.r7.com/brasil/noticias/falta-de-politicas-publicas-para-ciganos-e-desafio-para-o-governo-20110524.html -
European Commission
https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-and-eu/roma-integration-eu-country/roma-integration-spain_en -
rm.coe.int Council of Europe Roma and Travellers Division
http://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=0900001680088ea9 -
"Estimated by the Society for Threatened Peoples"
https://web.archive.org/web/20210816213211/http://www.gfbv.it/3dossier/sinti-rom/img/n7a.jpg -
Gitanos
https://web.archive.org/web/20071201172552/http://www.eumap.org/reports/2002/eu/international/sections/spain/2002_m_spain.pdf -
mscbs.gob.es
https://web.archive.org/web/20190808120335/http://www.mscbs.gob.es/ssi/familiasInfancia/inclusionSocial/poblacionGitana/docs/diagnosticosocial_autores.pdf -
romacivilmonitoring.eu
https://romacivilmonitoring.eu/spain/ -
HotNews
https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-25994251-primele-rezultate-ale-recensamantului-2022-populatia-romaniei-scazut-19-053-815-locuitori.htm/amp -
commission.europa.eu
https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-eu/roma-equality-inclusion-and-participation-eu-country/romania_en -
"Roma rights organizations work to ease prejudice in Turkey"
https://web.archive.org/web/20121010211734/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/topic,4565c2253b,4677ea9b2,46ef87ab32,0.html -
"Türkiye'deki Kürtlerin sayısı!"
http://www.milliyet.com.tr/turkiye-deki-kurtlerin-sayisi-/yasam/magazindetay/06.06.2008/873452/default.htm -
Hurriyet
https://web.archive.org/web/20091007144251/http://webarsiv.hurriyet.com.tr/2005/05/08/639714.asp -
Tunay, T. (2022). The Perception of Roma in Turkish Society: A Sentiment Analysis of Tweets. Central European University
-
"Критичен доклад относно Преброяването на населението и жилищния фонд, проведено към 1 февруари 2011 година"
https://nsi.bg/bg/content/12037/basic-page/%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4-%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%B8-%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BC-1-%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8-2011-%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0 -
Население по местоживеене, възраст и етническа група
https://web.archive.org/web/20120602032148/http://censusresults.nsi.bg/Census/Reports/2/2/R7.aspx -
"Roma Integration – 2014 Commission Assessment: Questions and Answers"
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEMO-14-249_en.htm -
Mikrocenzus 2016 – 12. Nemzetiségi adatok
http://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/idoszaki/mikrocenzus2016/mikrocenzus_2016_12.pdf -
Területi Statisztika
http://www.ksh.hu/docs/hun/xftp/terstat/2018/01/ts580101.pdf -
Minority Rights Group
https://minorityrights.org/app/uploads/2023/12/mrg-rep-romahung-en-mar21-e.pdf -
EurActiv | EU News & policy debates, across languages
http://www.euractiv.com/security/situation-roma-france-crisis-proportions-report/article-150507 -
La Croix
http://www.la-croix.com/Actualite/France/Roms-gens-du-voyage-deux-realites-differentes-_NG_-2010-07-22-603910 -
"France – European Commission"
https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-eu/roma-equality-inclusion-and-participation-eu-country/france_en -
"Human Rights on the Margins Roma in Europe"
https://www.amnesty.org.uk/files/roma_in_europe_briefing.pdf -
"The Roma Gypsies of Latin America"
https://web.archive.org/web/20210423164035/https://www.latinolife.co.uk/node/289 -
"Emerging Romani Voices from Latin America"
http://www.errc.org/roma-rights-journal/emerging-romani-voices-from-latin-america -
European Commission – European Commission
https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-and-eu/roma-integration-eu-country/roma-integration-united-kingdom_en -
Ethnologue
http://www.ethnologue.com/language/rme -
stat.gov.rs
https://data.stat.gov.rs/Home/Result/3104020102?languageCode=sr-Latn -
"Giornata Internazionale dei rom e sinti: presentato il Rapporto Annuale 2014 (PDF)"
https://web.archive.org/web/20170203064522/http://www.21luglio.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Rapporto-annuale-Associazione-21-luglio.pdf -
greekreporter – place
https://greece.greekreporter.com/2019/04/09/premier-tsipras-hosts-roma-delegation-for-international-romani-day/ -
Greek Helsinki Monitor
http://www.minelres.lv/reports/greece/greece_NGO.htm -
Regionale Dynamik
https://web.archive.org/web/20170429055947/http://www.berlin-institut.org/online-handbuchdemografie/bevoelkerungsdynamik/regionale-dynamik/roma-in-deutschland.html -
European Commission – European Commission
https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-and-eu/roma-integration-eu-country/roma-integration-slovakia_en -
"Population and Housing Census. Resident population by nationality"
https://web.archive.org/web/20070715152521/http://portal.statistics.sk/files/Sekcie/sek_600/Demografia/SODB/Tabulky/Tabulky_AJ_SODB/tab11.pdf -
SME
https://romovia.sme.sk/c/6947495/po-deviatich-rokoch-spocitali-romov-na-slovensku-ich-zije-viac-ako-400-tisic.html -
"Population and Housing Census 2023"
https://shqiptarja.com/uploads/ckeditor/667eb96647c4bcens-2023.pdf -
iranian.com
https://web.archive.org/web/20170515170948/http://www.iranian.com/SaeedTavakkol/2005/October/Gypsy/index.html -
Encyclopædia Iranica
https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/gypsy-i#:~:text=The%20identity%20of%20these%20groups%20being%20uncertain%2C%20there,p.%202%29.%20Their%20origins%20are%20just%20as%20obscure -
"Total resident population, households and dwellings in the Republic of North Macedonia, census 2021"
https://www.stat.gov.mk/publikacii/2022/POPIS_DZS_web_EN.pdf -
Minoritet
https://web.archive.org/web/20170326075902/http://minoritet.prod3.imcms.net/1013 -
Всеукраїнський перепис населення '2001: Розподіл населення за національністю та рідною мовою
http://2001.ukrcensus.gov.ua/results/nationality_population/nationality_popul1/select_5/?botton=cens_db&box=5.1W&k_t=00&p=100&rz=1_1&rz_b=2_1%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20&n_page=5 -
Roma /Gypsies: A European Minority Archived 15 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine, Minority Rights Group International.
http://minorityrights.org/wp-content/uploads/old-site-downloads/download-127-RomaGypsies-A-European-Minority.pdf -
"Comunidade cigana em Portugal"
https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/pais/mais-de-95-da-etnia-cigana-em-portugal-vive-abaixo-do-limiar-da-pobreza_a1442067 -
"Etwa 40.000 Roma und Sinti leben in Österreich"
https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062645/http://medienservicestelle.at/migration_bewegt/2012/04/05/etwa-40-000-roma-und-sinti-leben-in-osterreich/ -
Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies)
https://books.google.com/books?id=tQKyAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA142 -
Country studies
http://countrystudies.us/poland/32.htm -
Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011
http://web.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/census2011/results/htm/e01_01_05/E01_01_05.html -
"Gypsies, or How to Be Invisible in Mexico"
http://www.ipsnews.net/2010/10/gypsies-or-how-to-be-invisible-in-mexico -
"Suomen romanit – Finitiko romaseele"
https://web.archive.org/web/20200626201802/https://julkaisut.valtioneuvosto.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/74503/suomen_romanit.pdf?sequence=1 -
Baltic Worlds
https://balticworlds.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/BW-2-2018-HELA.pdf -
1991 census
-
dane.gov.co
https://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/boletines/grupos-etnicos/presentacion-grupos-etnicos-poblacion-gitana-rrom-2019.pdf -
"Republic of Belarus, 2009 Census: Population by Ethnicity and Native Language"
https://web.archive.org/web/20100918165045/http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/vihod_tables/5.8-0.pdf -
"Roma in Canada fact sheet"
https://web.archive.org/web/20070614111814/http://home.cogeco.ca/~rcctoronto/pdfs/fs08canada.pdf -
Statistics Canada
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/dt-td/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=1118296&GK=0&GRP=0&PID=105396&PRID=0&PTYPE=105277&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2013&THEME=95&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0 -
"Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Montenegro 2011"
http://www.monstat.org/userfiles/file/popis2011/saopstenje/saopstenje(1).pdf -
"Sčítání lidu, domů a bytů"
http://vdb.czso.cz/sldbvo/#!stranka=podle-tematu&tu=30718&th=&v=&vo=H4sIAAAAAAAAAFvzloG1uIhBMCuxLFGvtCQzR88jsTjDN7GAlf3WwcNiCReZGZjcGLhy8hNT3BKTS_KLPBk4SzKKUosz8nNSKgrsHRhAgKecA0gKADF3CQNnaLBrUIBjkKNvcSFDHQMDhhqGCqCiYA__cLCiEgZGvxIGdg9_Fz__EMeCEgY2b38XZ89gIIvLxTHEP8wx2NEFJM4ZHOIY5u_t7-MJ1OIP5IdEBkT5OwU5RgH5IUB9fo4ePq4uEPNYw1yDolzhPstJzEvX88wrSU1PLRJ6tGDJ98Z2CyYGRk8G1rLEnNLUiiIGAYQ6v9LcpNSitjVTZbmnPOhmArq34D8QlDDwAG10C_KFWcoe4ugU6uPtWMLA4eni6hcSEAZ0FYe_k3OQmaGJUwUA4lOtR1sBAAA.&vseuzemi=null&void= -
"Roma integration in the Czech Republic"
https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-and-eu/roma-integration-eu-country/roma-integration-czech-republic_en -
"A History of Australian Romanies, now and then"
https://web.archive.org/web/20160811042839/https://open.abc.net.au/explore/15645 -
"Denmark"
https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-eu/roma-equality-inclusion-and-participation-eu-country/denmark_en#factsandfigures -
commission.europa.eu
https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-eu/roma-equality-inclusion-and-participation-eu-country/belgium_en -
commission.europa.eu
https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-eu/roma-equality-inclusion-and-participation-eu-country/cyprus_en -
Council of Europe
https://rm.coe.int/factsheets-on-romani-culture-1-9-religion-and-beliefs/1680aac36d -
Worldmark Encyclopedia of Culture & Daily Life
-
wiseattention.org
https://www.wiseattention.org/blog/2011/11/29/gypsy-buddhists/ -
Danger! Educated Gypsy: Selected Essays
https://books.google.com/books?id=yqmYJiVui9UC&pg=PA112 -
Inward Looking: The Impact of Migration on Romanipe from the Romani Perspective
https://books.google.com/books?id=Kl2jDwAAQBAJ -
Hancock 2002, p. xx: 'While a nine century removal from India has diluted Indian biological connection to the extent tha
https://books.google.com/books?id=MG0ahVw-kdwC&pg=PR20 -
World Music: Africa, Europe and the Middle East
https://archive.org/details/roughguidetoworl00simo -
Romani Routes: Cultural Politics and Balkan Music in Diaspora
https://books.google.com/books?id=lw-Byail0EkC&pg=PA49 -
The Encyclopedia of World Folk Dance
https://books.google.com/books?id=DMGpDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA260 -
Hancock 2002, p. 9: '…the separation from India took place no earlier than the year 1000'
-
Romani
https://web.archive.org/web/20221122105858/https://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk//downloads/2/Matras_Rmni_ELL.pdf -
Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia
https://books.google.com/books?id=M9fDifnkMJMC -
Rama Sharma (1995). Bhangi, Scavenger in Indian Society: Marginality, Identity, and Politicization of the Community. M.D
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The Roads of the Roma: a PEN anthology of Gypsy Writers
-
"Migrations of the Romani People"
https://media.nationalgeographic.org/assets/file/romani_MIG.pdf -
Historical Dictionary of the Gypsies (Romanies)
https://books.google.com/books?id=tQKyAAAAQBAJ&pg=PR37 -
Encyclopædia Britannica
https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Gipsies -
"What's in a Name? Professor take on roles of Romani activist and spokesperson to improve plight of their ethnic group"
https://web.archive.org/web/20050205135317/http://www.utexas.edu/features/archive/2003/romani.html -
"The Romani"
https://www.nmu.edu/sites/DrupalEnglish/files/UserFiles/Files/Pre-Drupal/SiteSections/Students/AwardEntries/Romani_Pickering_2010.pdf -
"The Plight of the Romani People-Europe's Most Persecuted Minority"
https://holocaustcenter.jfcs.org/plight-romani-people/ -
European Journal of Public Health
https://doi.org/10.1093%2Feurpub%2Fckx226 -
gov.uk
https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/summaries/gypsy-roma-irish-traveller#the-gypsy-roma-traveller-group -
Time Magazine
https://web.archive.org/web/20101019220031/http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2025316,00.html -
Dhnet.org.br
https://web.archive.org/web/20110718044951/http://www.dhnet.org.br/direitos/sos/ciganos/a_pdf/teixeira_hist_ciganos_brasil.pdf -
The Romani Gypsies
https://books.google.com/books?id=YfQ9BQAAQBAJ&pg=PA27 -
Sutherland 1986.
-
Matras 2002, p. 2240.
-
Matras 2002, p. 239.
-
Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics
https://web.archive.org/web/20171011141138/http://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/downloads/2/Matras_Rmni_ELL.pdf -
Collins
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/romani -
"Rom, N. (2) & Adj." Oxford English Dictionary, Oxford UP, September 2024, https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/1117377491.
https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/1117377491 -
Hancock 2002, p. xix.
-
Hancock 2002, p. xxi.
-
Språkrådet
https://www.sprakradet.no/Spraka-vare/Minoritetssprak/romani-og-romanes/ -
OED "Romany" first use 1812 in a slang dictionary; "Rom" and "Roma" as plural, first uses by George Burrow in the Introd
-
Between Past and Future: The Roma of Central and Eastern Europe [with a Foreword by Dr. Ian Hancock]
-
The Romani Voice in World Politics: The United Nations and Non-State Actors
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Gypsies: from the Ganges to the Thames
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Theyliewedie.org
http://www.theyliewedie.org/ressources/biblio/fr/Rothea_Xavier_-_Les_roms.html -
Dictionary of Legal Usage
https://books.google.com/books?id=YwLiALrHLCEC&pg=PA400 -
Minority rights protection in international law: the Roma of Europe
https://books.google.com/books?id=lN1Nj_IjUiUC&pg=PA6 -
Hancock 2002, p. xx.
-
In Other Words project
https://web.archive.org/web/20121005191238/http://www.inotherwords-project.eu/content/project/media-analysis/terminology/terminology-concerning-roma -
ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk
https://www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk/style-guide/ethnic-groups#2021-census -
"Dom: The Gypsy community in Jerusalem"
https://web.archive.org/web/20070523142528/http://imeu.net/news/article004439.shtml -
Online Etymology Dictionary
http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=Romany -
"Now sometimes considered derogatory or offensive, the term Gypsy has been steadily replaced in official contexts by Rom
https://doi.org/10.1093/OED/1201363216 -
The Gypsies in the Byzantine Empire and the Balkans in the Late Middle Ages
-
Golden Horn
https://web.archive.org/web/20010320210002/http://www.isidore-of-seville.com/goudenhoorn/72karin.html -
A Handbook of Vlax Romani
-
" In Romania in 2009, following an IMAS study, at the demand of the National Agency for the Roma (NAR), sixty-six percen
-
Pocket guide to English usage
https://archive.org/details/merriamwebstersp00merr -
Dictionary of gypsy life and lore
-
Report in Roma Educational Needs in Ireland
https://web.archive.org/web/20131105000222/http://www.paveepoint.ie/pdf/Roma_Report.pdf -
"Tackling inequalities faced by Gypsy, Roma and Traveller communities"
https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmwomeq/360/full-report.html#heading-6 -
The Free Dictionary
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/dict.asp?Word=gypsy -
Nişanyan Sözlük
https://www.nisanyansozluk.com/kelime/%C3%A7ingene -
An Eastern Christian Sect: the Athinganoi
-
"A Brief History of the Rom"
https://web.archive.org/web/20070810161445/http://www.sca.org/ti/articles/2002/issue144/rom.html -
Population Studies
http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/index/9Y2PJM6YAYT1UVHW.pdf -
"European effort spotlights plight of the Roma", USA Today, 1 February 2005
http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-02-01-roma-europe_x.htm -
"It Now Suits the EU to Help the Roma"
https://web.archive.org/web/20170915070340/http://www.other-news.info/2004/09/it-now-suits-the-eu-to-help-the-roma/#more-172 -
Reuters
https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE57C04G/ -
"Roma integration in the EU"
https://ec.europa.eu/info/policies/justice-and-fundamental-rights/combatting-discrimination/roma-and-eu/roma-integration-eu_en -
"Compilation of population estimates"
https://web.archive.org/web/20070622154153/http://www.coe.int/t/dg3/romatravellers/documentation/strategies/statistiques_en.asp -
"Roma Travellers Statistics" at the Wayback Machine (archived 6 October 2009), Council of Europe, compilation of populat
https://web.archive.org/web/20091006045453/http://www.coe.int/t/dg3/romatravellers/Documentation/strategies/statistiques_en.asp -
El País
https://elpais.com/elpais/2019/09/06/inenglish/1567776057_755361.html -
National Minorities in Europe: Handbook
https://books.google.com/books?id=gRU_AQAAIAAJ -
Roms en Europe
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Hancock 2001, p. 2.
-
Matras 2002, p. 5.
-
"Names of the Romani People"
https://web.archive.org/web/20080507070621/http://desicritics.org/2007/12/24/012125.php -
Ethnic groups of Gypsies
https://web.archive.org/web/20070429083140/http://zigane.pp.ru/history14.htm -
Hübshmanová 2003.
-
Kapitoly z dějin Romů
https://web.archive.org/web/20050312184629/http://www.varianty.cz/cdrom/podkapitoly/d01kapitoly.pdf -
N. Rai et al., 2012, "The Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup H1a1a-M82 Reveals the Likely Indian Origin of the Eu
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0048477 -
Isabel Fonseca, Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and their Journey, Random House, p. 100.
-
Danger! Educated Gypsy: Selected Essays
https://books.google.com/books?id=HOycWJwdyLgC&pg=PA130 -
Čačipen Pal O Roma – A Global Report on Roma in Slovakia
https://web.archive.org/web/20131203125146/http://www.eurac.it/en/research/institutes/imr/Documents/romaglob_final.pdf -
romarchive.eu
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Attributed to multiple sources: