| Res. | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location | Notes |
| Loss | 26–9 | Reinier de Ridder | Decision (split) | UFC on ABC: Whittaker vs. de Ridder | 26 July 2025 | 5 | 5:00 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | |
| Loss | 26–8 | Khamzat Chimaev | Submission (face crank) | UFC 308 | 26 October 2024 | 1 | 3:34 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | |
| Win | 26–7 | Ikram Aliskerov | KO (punches) | UFC on ABC: Whittaker vs. Aliskerov | 22 June 2024 | 1 | 1:49 | Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 25–7 | Paulo Costa | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 298 | 17 February 2024 | 3 | 5:00 | Anaheim, California, United States | |
| Loss | 24–7 | Dricus du Plessis | TKO (punches) | UFC 290 | 8 July 2023 | 2 | 2:23 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | UFC Middleweight title eliminator. |
| Win | 24–6 | Marvin Vettori | Decision (unanimous) | UFC Fight Night: Gane vs. Tuivasa | 3 September 2022 | 3 | 5:00 | Paris, France | |
| Loss | 23–6 | Israel Adesanya | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 271 | 12 February 2022 | 5 | 5:00 | Houston, Texas, United States | For the UFC Middleweight Championship. |
| Win | 23–5 | Kelvin Gastelum | Decision (unanimous) | UFC on ESPN: Whittaker vs. Gastelum | 17 April 2021 | 5 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Fight of the Night. |
| Win | 22–5 | Jared Cannonier | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 254 | 24 October 2020 | 3 | 5:00 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | |
| Win | 21–5 | Darren Till | Decision (unanimous) | UFC on ESPN: Whittaker vs. Till | 26 July 2020 | 5 | 5:00 | Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates | |
| Loss | 20–5 | Israel Adesanya | KO (punches) | UFC 243 | 6 October 2019 | 2 | 3:33 | Melbourne, Australia | Lost the UFC Middleweight Championship. |
| Win | 20–4 | Yoel Romero | Decision (split) | UFC 225 | 9 June 2018 | 5 | 5:00 | Chicago, Illinois, United States | Non-title bout; Romero missed weight (185.2 lb). Fight of the Night. |
| Win | 19–4 | Yoel Romero | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 213 | 8 July 2017 | 5 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Won the interim UFC Middleweight Championship. Fight of the Night. Later promoted to undisputed champion. |
| Win | 18–4 | Ronaldo Souza | TKO (head kick and punches) | UFC on Fox: Johnson vs. Reis | 15 April 2017 | 2 | 3:28 | Kansas City, Missouri, United States | Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 17–4 | Derek Brunson | TKO (head kick and punches) | UFC Fight Night: Whittaker vs. Brunson | 27 November 2016 | 1 | 4:07 | Melbourne, Australia | Performance of the Night. Fight of the Night. |
| Win | 16–4 | Rafael Natal | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 197 | 23 April 2016 | 3 | 5:00 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Win | 15–4 | Uriah Hall | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 193 | 15 November 2015 | 3 | 5:00 | Melbourne, Australia | |
| Win | 14–4 | Brad Tavares | KO (punches) | UFC Fight Night: Miocic vs. Hunt | 10 May 2015 | 1 | 0:44 | Adelaide, Australia | Performance of the Night. |
| Win | 13–4 | Clint Hester | TKO (knee and punches) | UFC Fight Night: Rockhold vs. Bisping | 8 November 2014 | 2 | 2:43 | Sydney, Australia | Middleweight debut. Fight of the Night. |
| Win | 12–4 | Mike Rhodes | Decision (unanimous) | UFC Fight Night: Te Huna vs. Marquardt | 28 June 2014 | 3 | 5:00 | Auckland, New Zealand | |
| Loss | 11–4 | Stephen Thompson | TKO (punches) | UFC 170 | 22 February 2014 | 1 | 3:43 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Loss | 11–3 | Court McGee | Decision (split) | UFC Fight Night: Condit vs. Kampmann 2 | 28 August 2013 | 3 | 5:00 | Indianapolis, Indiana, United States | |
| Win | 11–2 | Colton Smith | TKO (punches) | UFC 160 | 25 May 2013 | 3 | 0:41 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | |
| Win | 10–2 | Brad Scott | Decision (unanimous) | UFC on FX: Sotiropoulos vs. Pearson | 15 December 2012 | 3 | 5:00 | Gold Coast, Australia | Won The Ultimate Fighter: The Smashes Welterweight Tournament. |
| Loss | 9–2 | Jesse Juarez | Decision (unanimous) | Cage FC 21 | 18 May 2012 | 5 | 5:00 | Sydney, Australia | For the Cage FC Welterweight Championship. |
| Win | 9–1 | Shaun Spooner | TKO (punches) | Superfight Australia 13 | 23 March 2012 | 1 | 4:01 | Perth, Australia | Won the SFA Welterweight Championship. |
| Win | 8–1 | Ian Bone | TKO (punches) | Cage FC 19 | 9 December 2011 | 1 | 3:15 | Sydney, Australia | |
| Loss | 7–1 | Kim Hoon | Submission (triangle choke) | Legend FC 6 | 30 October 2011 | 1 | 3:01 | Macau, SAR, China | |
| Win | 7–0 | Corey Nelson | Submission (armbar) | Cage FC 18 | 26 August 2011 | 1 | 4:40 | Sydney, Australia | |
| Win | 6–0 | Ben Alloway | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Cage FC 17 | 3 June 2011 | 1 | 4:07 | Gold Coast, Australia | |
| Win | 5–0 | Nate Thomson | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Cage FC 15 | 8 October 2010 | 1 | 2:21 | Sydney, Australia | |
| Win | 4–0 | Jay Cobain | Submission (armbar) | Cage FC 14 | 5 June 2010 | 1 | 0:32 | Sydney, Australia | |
| Win | 3–0 | Nick Ariel | KO (punch) | Cage FC 12 | 12 March 2010 | 1 | 2:50 | Sydney, Australia | |
| Win | 2–0 | Richard Walsh | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Cage FC 11 | 20 November 2009 | 1 | 2:40 | Sydney, Australia | |
| Win | 1–0 | Chris Tallowin | TKO (punches) | Xtreme FC: Return of the Hulk | 14 March 2009 | 1 | N/A | Perth, Australia | Welterweight debut. |
