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Response to sneezing

Updated: Wikipedia source

Response to sneezing

In English-speaking countries, the common verbal response to another person's sneeze is "(God) bless you", or less commonly in the United States and more-so in Canada, "Gesundheit", the German word for health (and the response to sneezing in German-speaking countries). There are several proposed origins of the phrase "bless you" for use in the context of sneezing. In non-English-speaking cultures, words connoting good health or a long life are often used instead of "bless you", though some also use references to God. In certain languages such as Vietnamese, Japanese or Korean, nothing is generally said after a sneeze except for when expressing concern when the person is sick from a cold or otherwise. Instead, depending on the language, the sneezer may excuse themselves.

Tables

· List of responses in other languages
Albanian
Albanian
Language
Albanian
Usual responses and notes
Shëndet
Response meaning in English
"Health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Faleminderit
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Shëndet paç
Shëndet paç
Language
Shëndet paç
Usual responses and notes
"May you have health"
American Sign Language
American Sign Language
Language
American Sign Language
Usual responses and notes
BLESS YOU
Response meaning in English
Interpretation of the English response "Bless you", linguistically similar to CATHOLIC
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Amharic
Amharic
Language
Amharic
Usual responses and notes
ይማርሽ (yimarish) for a femaleይማርህ (yimarih) for a male
Response meaning in English
"May God forgive you!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
ያኑሪሽ (yanurish) for femaleያኑርህ (yanurih) for male
Reply meaning in English
"May you live for long"
Afrikaans
Afrikaans
Language
Afrikaans
Usual responses and notes
Gesondheid
Response meaning in English
"Health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Dankie
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Arabic
Arabic
Language
Arabic
Usual responses and notes
صحة (ṣaḥḥa), فرج (faraj), or الله فرجك (allāh farajak (m.), allāh farajik (f.))نشوة (nashwa)يرحمكم الله (yarḥamukum ullāh) if the sneezer says الحمدلله (al‐ḥamdulila̅h), as an alternative/religious interaction
Response meaning in English
"Well-being!" or "Health!""Elation!" or "Thrill!""God have mercy on you" if the sneezer says "All praise is for God"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
علينا و عليك (ʿalayna̅ wa‐ʿalayk)شكراً (shukran) orيهديكم الله و يصلح بالكم (yahdīkum alla̅h wa‐yuṣlaḥ ba̅lakum) after the alternative interaction
Reply meaning in English
"For you and me""Thank you!""God guide you and set your affairs aright"
Armenian
Armenian
Language
Armenian
Usual responses and notes
առողջություն (aroghjutyun)
Response meaning in English
"Health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
շնորհակալություն (shnorhakalutyun)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Assamese
Assamese
Language
Assamese
Usual responses and notes
No common practice of responding to someone's sneeze.
Response meaning in English
Unknown
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Language
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
Usual responses and notes
shemed alahabrakhmeh
Response meaning in English
"In God's name""Bless you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
baseema raba
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you (very much)"
Azeri
Azeri
Language
Azeri
Usual responses and notes
Sağlam ol
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Sən də Sağ ol
Reply meaning in English
"You too"
Bangla
Bangla
Language
Bangla
Usual responses and notes
Alhamdulillah (আল্লাহ তোমার উপর রহম দান করুন) (Bangladesh)
Response meaning in English
"May God have mercy on you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
"Silence"[clarification needed]
Jibah Jibah (জীবঃ জীবঃ) (India)
Jibah Jibah (জীবঃ জীবঃ) (India)
Language
Jibah Jibah (জীবঃ জীবঃ) (India)
Usual responses and notes
"May you live long"
Basque
Basque
Language
Basque
Usual responses and notes
Doministiku (from the Latin dominus tecum)Ehun urtez!Jainkoak lagun!
Response meaning in English
"The Lord be with you""For a hundred years!""May God help you!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
No answerEta zu kondatzaile
Reply meaning in English
No answer"And you there to narrate"
Belarusian
Belarusian
Language
Belarusian
Usual responses and notes
будзь здаровы (Budz zdarovy) for any gender
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
дзякуй (dziakuj)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
будзь здароў (budz zdarou) for a male
будзь здароў (budz zdarou) for a male
Language
будзь здароў (budz zdarou) for a male
будзь здаровая (Budz zdarovaja) for a female
будзь здаровая (Budz zdarovaja) for a female
Language
будзь здаровая (Budz zdarovaja) for a female
Bosnian
Bosnian
Language
Bosnian
Usual responses and notes
Nazdravlje
Response meaning in English
"To your good health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Hvala
Breton
Breton
Language
Breton
Usual responses and notes
Doue d'ho pennigo
Response meaning in English
"God will bless you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Bulgarian
Bulgarian
Language
Bulgarian
Usual responses and notes
Наздраве (Nazdrave)
Response meaning in English
"To your health" or "Cheers"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Благодаря (Blagodarya)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Catalan
Catalan
Language
Catalan
Usual responses and notes
Jesús or Salut
Response meaning in English
"Jesus" or "Health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Gràcies
Cantonese
Cantonese
Language
Cantonese
Usual responses and notes
大吉利事 (daai6 gat1 lei6 si6) or 好嘅 (hou2 ge3).Sneezing in Southern Chinese culture means that someone is speaking ill behind your back.
Response meaning in English
"A great fortunate occurrence" or "A good one"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
唔好意思 (m4 hou2 ji3 si1)
Reply meaning in English
"Excuse me"
Chechen
Chechen
Language
Chechen
Usual responses and notes
Dukha vekhil for a maleDukha yekhil for a female
Response meaning in English
"Live for a long time"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Dela reze hiyla
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you" (lit. 'I wish God will bless you')
Croatian
Croatian
Language
Croatian
Usual responses and notes
Nazdravlje or Istina!
Response meaning in English
"To your health" or "Truth!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Hvala
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Czech
Czech
Language
Czech
Usual responses and notes
Na zdravíPozdrav Pánbůh orJe to pravda
Response meaning in English
"To your health""Bless God" or"It is true"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Ať slouží orDejž to Pánbůh (in reply to Pozdrav Pánbůh)
Reply meaning in English
"May it last" or"May God let it happen (bless you)"
Danish
Danish
Language
Danish
Usual responses and notes
Prosit
Response meaning in English
“May it be good”; “To your health” from Latin prōsit
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Tak
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Dutch
Dutch
Language
Dutch
Usual responses and notes
GezondheidIf the person has sneezed three times: Morgen mooi weerLess commonly used: ProostFlanders old fashioned: God zegent u
Response meaning in English
"Health"If the person has sneezed three times: "The weather will be nice tomorrow"From the Latin prōsit meaning "May it be good"; "To your health""God bless you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Dank u (wel) (formal) orDank je (wel) (informal)
English
English
Language
English
Usual responses and notes
God bless you, Bless you, or Gesundheit
Response meaning in English
Thank you
Esperanto
Esperanto
Language
Esperanto
Usual responses and notes
Sanon
Response meaning in English
"Health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Dankon
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Estonian
Estonian
Language
Estonian
Usual responses and notes
Terviseks
Response meaning in English
"For health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Aitäh
Faroese
Faroese
Language
Faroese
Usual responses and notes
Jesuspápi vælsigni teg! This can be shortened to Vælsigni teg!
Response meaning in English
"May Jesus bless you!" or "Bless you!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Takk (fyri)!
Reply meaning in English
"Thanks (for [it])!"
Finnish
Finnish
Language
Finnish
Usual responses and notes
Terveydeksi
Response meaning in English
"For health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Kiitos
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
French
French
Language
French
Usual responses and notes
à tes / vos souhaits or SantéOld-fashioned: à tes / vos amours after the second sneeze, and qu'elles durent toujours or à tes / vos rêves after the third. More archaically, one can say Que Dieu te/vous bénisse.
Response meaning in English
"To your wishes" or "health".Old-fashioned: after the second sneeze, "to your loves", and after the third, "may they last forever".More archaically, the translation is "God bless you".
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Merci or Merci, que les tiennes durent toujours (old-fashioned) after the second sneeze
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you" or "Thanks, may yours last forever" after the second sneeze
Gaelic (Scottish)
Gaelic (Scottish)
Language
Gaelic (Scottish)
Usual responses and notes
Dia leat (informal) or Dia leibh (formal)
Response meaning in English
"God with you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Mòran taing (or any other variation of thanks)
Reply meaning in English
"Many thanks"
Georgian
Georgian
Language
Georgian
Usual responses and notes
ჯანმრთელობა (janmrteloba) or იცოცხლე (itsotskhle)
Response meaning in English
"Health" or "Live long"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
მადლობა (madloba) or გმადლობთ (gmadlobt)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
German
German
Language
German
Usual responses and notes
Gesundheit!
Response meaning in English
"Health!" (meaning I wish you good health or I wish that you don't get sick)
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Danke (schön)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you (very much)"
Helf Gott!, Helfgott!, or Helf dir Gott! (Southern Germany/Austria/Transylvanian-Saxon; archaic/mostly used by more or less religious elderly)Gott helfe
Helf Gott!, Helfgott!, or Helf dir Gott! (Southern Germany/Austria/Transylvanian-Saxon; archaic/mostly used by more or less religious elderly)Gott helfe
Language
Helf Gott!, Helfgott!, or Helf dir Gott! (Southern Germany/Austria/Transylvanian-Saxon; archaic/mostly used by more or less religious elderly)Gott helfe
Usual responses and notes
"May God help you!"
Response meaning in English
Vergelt's Gott
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
"May God reward it" (i.e. your good wishes)
Großwachsen! (Transylvanian-Saxon; from Romanian "Să creşti mare!"; used solely for children, usually after the usual "Gesundheit" for the first and/or second response)
Großwachsen! (Transylvanian-Saxon; from Romanian "Să creşti mare!"; used solely for children, usually after the usual "Gesundheit" for the first and/or second response)
Language
Großwachsen! (Transylvanian-Saxon; from Romanian "Să creşti mare!"; used solely for children, usually after the usual "Gesundheit" for the first and/or second response)
Usual responses and notes
"You shall grow tall!"
Response meaning in English
Danke (schön)
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
"Thank you (very much)"
Zum Wohl! (Southern Germany/Austria)
Zum Wohl! (Southern Germany/Austria)
Language
Zum Wohl! (Southern Germany/Austria)
Usual responses and notes
"To your well-being!"
Greek
Greek
Language
Greek
Usual responses and notes
γείτσες (gítses) or με την υγεία σου (me tin igía su)
Response meaning in English
"Healths!" or "With your health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Ευχαριστώ (Efharistó)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Gujarati
Gujarati
Language
Gujarati
Usual responses and notes
In Gujarati, there is no set phrases to acknowledge a sneeze. Most commonly, people would invoke the name of a god, say a phrase meaning "live long"/"good health", or just use the English expression: ગોડ બ્લેસ યુ (goḍ bles yu).
Response meaning in English
"God!" or "God bless you" (using English)
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
આભાર (ābhār) or થૅન્ક યુ (thenk yu) (using English)
Hawaiian
Hawaiian
Language
Hawaiian
Usual responses and notes
Kihe, a mauli ola, or simply Ola
Response meaning in English
"Sneeze, and you shall live", or simply "live"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Mahalo
Hebrew
Hebrew
Language
Hebrew
Usual responses and notes
לבריאות (livri'oot or labri'oot)
Response meaning in English
"To health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
תודה (todah)
Hungarian
Hungarian
Language
Hungarian
Usual responses and notes
Egészségedre! / Egészségére!
Response meaning in English
"To your health! (True)"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Köszönöm
Igbo
Igbo
Language
Igbo
Usual responses and notes
Ndo
Response meaning in English
"Sorry"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Daalu
Icelandic
Icelandic
Language
Icelandic
Usual responses and notes
Guð hjálpi þér! or Guð blessi þigThere is also a custom to respond three times to three sneezes: Guð hjálpi þér ("God help you"), styrki þig ("strengthen you"), og styðji ("and support").
Response meaning in English
"God help you!" or "God bless you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Takk fyrir, Takk, Ég þakka, or Afsakið
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you", "Thanks", "I thank", or "excuse me"
Indonesian
Indonesian
Language
Indonesian
Usual responses and notes
Tuhan berkati
Response meaning in English
"God bless"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Terima kasih
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Irish
Irish
Language
Irish
Usual responses and notes
Dia linnDia leatDeiseal, which may be a form of Dia seal
Response meaning in English
“God be with us”"God be with you""May it go right", which might be a form of "God with us for a while".
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Gabh mo leithscéal
Reply meaning in English
"Excuse me"
Italian
Italian
Language
Italian
Usual responses and notes
Salute!
Response meaning in English
"Health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Grazie
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
(ironic) Che se ne va
(ironic) Che se ne va
Language
(ironic) Che se ne va
Usual responses and notes
"That is going away"
Japanese
Japanese
Language
Japanese
Usual responses and notes
It is uncommon to acknowledge a sneeze in Japan, and it is customary not to say anything at all.After multiple sneezes, one may ask: 大丈夫? (Daijoubu?)It may be treated as an sign that someone elsewhere is talking about the sneezer.
Response meaning in English
"Are you all right?"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
すみません (sumimasen) or 失礼しました (shitsurei shimashita)
Reply meaning in English
"Sorry" or "Excuse me"
Kannada
Kannada
Language
Kannada
Usual responses and notes
ಶತಾಯುಸ್ಸು if the sneezer is young.Otherwise the sneezer takes the name of the lord.
Response meaning in English
"Long life"; literally "A hundred years"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
It is uncommon to acknowledge an adult sneezing, and it is customary not to say anything at all.
Kashubian
Kashubian
Language
Kashubian
Usual responses and notes
Na zdar or na zdrowié
Response meaning in English
"Health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Dzãkujã
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Prost
Prost
Language
Prost
Usual responses and notes
From Latin, prōsit, meaning "may it be good"
Kazakh
Kazakh
Language
Kazakh
Usual responses and notes
Сау болыңыз (Saw Bolıñız) (formal),Сау бол (Saw Bol) (informal)
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy." Widespread in cities. A calque of Russian "Будьте здоровы" and "Будь здоров".
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Рақмет!
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you!" From Persian رحمت (rahmat, “mercy”), which is itself from Arabic رَحْمَة (raḥma, “compassion, mercy”).
Жарақымалда (North)Жәрекімалда (West)
Жарақымалда (North)Жәрекімалда (West)
Language
Жарақымалда (North)Жәрекімалда (West)
Usual responses and notes
"May God have mercy on you", from Arabic يرحمكم الله (yarḥamukum ullāh). Pronunciation differs by region. Most common in western and northern regions.
Ақ күш бер тәңір.Short forms: Бер тәңір (East), Ақ күш (North)
Ақ күш бер тәңір.Short forms: Бер тәңір (East), Ақ күш (North)
Language
Ақ күш бер тәңір.Short forms: Бер тәңір (East), Ақ күш (North)
Usual responses and notes
"May Tengri give you pure strength." Of Tengrist origin. Most common in central, northern, and eastern regions.
Аққас
Аққас
Language
Аққас
Usual responses and notes
Possibly, shortened form of "Ақ күш бер тәңір". Most common in southern regions.
Бер тәңірім бес жүз жылқы
Бер тәңірім бес жүз жылқы
Language
Бер тәңірім бес жүз жылқы
Usual responses and notes
"May Tengri give me five hundred horses." Of Tengrist origin. More common among Kazakhs in Mongolia.
Response meaning in English
Жартысы менікі, жартысы сенікі
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
"Half mine, half yours"
Khmer
Khmer
Language
Khmer
Usual responses and notes
ស្បើយ (S'baoi)
Response meaning in English
"Fast recovery"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
សាធុ (Satu)
Reply meaning in English
"Amen"
Kikuyu
Kikuyu
Language
Kikuyu
Usual responses and notes
"Wimūrūarū?" (A conversation starter - mostly, one hints abouts the other's wellbeing in a sarcastic way)
Response meaning in English
"Are you sick?"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Aasha!
Reply meaning in English
"Not really!"
Kirundi
Kirundi
Language
Kirundi
Usual responses and notes
Kira
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Twese
Reply meaning in English
"Us all"
Kinyarwanda
Kinyarwanda
Language
Kinyarwanda
Usual responses and notes
Urakire
Response meaning in English
"May you be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Twese
Reply meaning in English
"Us all"
Korean
Korean
Language
Korean
Usual responses and notes
The practice of responding to someone's sneeze is rare.
Response meaning in English
Unknown
Kurdish
Kurdish
Language
Kurdish
Usual responses and notes
Kher be inshalla. Many times when one sneezes, they say that the thing they are about to do will not happen. So, a listener says Kher be.
Response meaning in English
"It will be a good thing, God willing", or the shorter version, "A good sign hopefully".
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Têr bijî.
Têr bijî.
Language
Têr bijî.
Usual responses and notes
”May you live long”
Kusaal
Kusaal
Language
Kusaal
Usual responses and notes
Win yɛl sida!
Response meaning in English
"God speaks truth." Sneezing means that someone elsewhere is praising you.
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Ami!
Reply meaning in English
"Amen!"
Kyrgyz
Kyrgyz
Language
Kyrgyz
Usual responses and notes
Ак чүч! [aqˈt͡ʃut͡ʃ].
Response meaning in English
This may be based on an onomatopœia of the sound of a sneeze, like the English "Atchoo".
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Рахмат, if the person who spoke after the sneeze is liked
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Ladino
Ladino
Language
Ladino
Usual responses and notes
mw- בֿיבֿאס‎ (vivas) after a first sneezeקריזקאס‎ (crezcas) after a second sneezeאינפֿלוריזקאס‎ (enflorezcas) after a third sneeze
Response meaning in English
"May you live""May you grow""May you flourish"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
מירסי‎ (merci)
Latgalian
Latgalian
Language
Latgalian
Usual responses and notes
Veseleibā
Response meaning in English
"To your health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Paldis
Latin
Latin
Language
Latin
Usual responses and notes
Salve
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy" (also used for salutation).
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Latvian
Latvian
Language
Latvian
Usual responses and notes
Uz veselību
Response meaning in English
"To your health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Paldies
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Lithuanian
Lithuanian
Language
Lithuanian
Usual responses and notes
Į sveikatą (pronounced 'EE–sweh–kata')
Response meaning in English
"To your health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Atsiprašau, then directly to the responder: Ačiū
Reply meaning in English
"Excuse me", then directly to the responder: "Thank you"
Livonian
Livonian
Language
Livonian
Usual responses and notes
Tīeratõks! Tierrit pǟlõ!
Response meaning in English
"For health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Tienū
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Lojban
Lojban
Language
Lojban
Usual responses and notes
No set phrase, but one commonly says kanro .a'o (kanro aho) or .a'o do kanro
Response meaning in English
"(hopefully) Health!" or "(said with hope) You are healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Luganda
Luganda
Language
Luganda
Usual responses and notes
Bbuka
Response meaning in English
"Recover"
Luxembourgish
Luxembourgish
Language
Luxembourgish
Usual responses and notes
Gesondheet
Response meaning in English
"Health!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Merci
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Macedonian
Macedonian
Language
Macedonian
Usual responses and notes
На здравје (na zdravye)
Response meaning in English
"To your health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Здравје да имаш (zdravye da imash) or Благодарам (blagodaram) or Фала (fala)
Reply meaning in English
"Have health yourself", "Thank you", or "Thanks"
Malagasy
Malagasy
Language
Malagasy
Usual responses and notes
Velona!
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Misaotra anao
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Malayalam
Malayalam
Language
Malayalam
Usual responses and notes
Depending on the religion, one would say ഹരി കൃഷ്ണാ (Hari Krishna) or ഈശോ രക്ഷിക്ക (Eesho rakshikka)
Response meaning in English
"Let Lord Krishna bless you" or "Jesus save you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
നന്ദി
Reply meaning in English
"Thanks"
Maltese
Maltese
Language
Maltese
Usual responses and notes
Evviva
Response meaning in English
"May they live." An alternate translation is "Long live _____".
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Grazzi
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Mandarin
Mandarin
Language
Mandarin
Usual responses and notes
Mandarin speakers do not typically comment on another person's sneeze.When someone does give a response, they might say 百岁 (bǎisuì).More rarely there are the expressions 多保重 (duōbǎozhòng) and 多喝点水 (duō he dian shui)[original research?]
Response meaning in English
lit. '(live to) 100 years old'"Take care" and "Drink more water"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
不好意思 (bùhǎoyìsi)
Reply meaning in English
"Excuse me"
Māori
Māori
Language
Māori
Usual responses and notes
manaakitia koe
Response meaning in English
"Bless you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
mihi koe
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Marathi
Marathi
Language
Marathi
Usual responses and notes
सत्य आहे
Response meaning in English
"It's the truth"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Mongolian
Mongolian
Language
Mongolian
Usual responses and notes
Бурхан өршөө (Burkhan örshöö)
Response meaning in English
"May God forgive you"
Navajo
Navajo
Language
Navajo
Usual responses and notes
T'áá bí ání orHáíshį́į́ naa ntsékees/naa yáłti'
Response meaning in English
"That/the one said it" (lit. 'They in particular said it') or"Someone is thinking of you/talking about you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
'Aoo' t'áá bí ání (in response to "Someone is thinking/talking about you")
Reply meaning in English
"Yes, that/the one said it"
Nepali
Nepali
Language
Nepali
Usual responses and notes
चिरञ्जीवी भव (chiranjeevi bhawa)
Response meaning in English
"May you live long"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
धन्यवाद (dhan-ya-bad)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Norwegian
Norwegian
Language
Norwegian
Usual responses and notes
Prosit
Response meaning in English
From Latin, prōsit. “Måtte det gagne deg” ("may it be good [to your health]")
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
(Tusen) takk
Afaan Oromo
Afaan Oromo
Language
Afaan Oromo
Usual responses and notes
Gudadhu Huddu Sarre Dhungadhu
Response meaning in English
"Progress"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Galatoomi
Pashto
Pashto
Language
Pashto
Usual responses and notes
صبر (sah-bur)يرحمكم الله (yarḥamukum ullāh) if the sneezer says الحمدلله (al‐ḥamdulila̅h), as an alternative/religious interaction
Response meaning in English
"Patience""God have mercy on you" if the sneezer says "All praise is for God"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
مننه (mah-nah-nah)يهديكم الله و يصلح بالكم (yahdīkum alla̅h wa‐yuṣlaḥ ba̅lakum) after the alternative interaction
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you""God guide you and set your affairs aright"
Persian
Persian
Language
Persian
Usual responses and notes
عافیت باشه (afiat basheh)
Response meaning in English
"May cleanliness/purity be bestowed upon you" or "may it be for your health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
سلامت باشید (salaamat bashid)
Reply meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Polish
Polish
Language
Polish
Usual responses and notes
Na zdrowie!, Sto lat!, or Zdrówko! (a diminutive form of "zdrowie") Sometimes Prawda!
Response meaning in English
"To your health!", "Live a hundred years!", or "[To your] health!" Sometimes "Truth!", indicating the sneeze means something the sneezer had said before is true.
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Dziękuję or Dzięki
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you" or "Thanks"
Portuguese / Galician
Portuguese / Galician
Language
Portuguese / Galician
Usual responses and notes
Saúde, Deus te crie, Deus te guarde, or Santinho!
Response meaning in English
These mean, in order: "Health", "May God raise you", "May God keep you covered" (as in warm and covered), or "Little Saint!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
obrigado/a or Amém
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you" or "Amen"
Punjabi
Punjabi
Language
Punjabi
Usual responses and notes
ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ (Waheguru) or ਤੇਰਾ ਭਲਾ ਹੋਵੇ!
Response meaning in English
"Glorious Lord" or "May you be blessed"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Thanvaad or "Meharbani"
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Romanian
Romanian
Language
Romanian
Usual responses and notes
Sănătate/Să fii sănătos/Să fii sănătoasă or NorocSă crești mare! (for children; usually "Noroc" comes first, then "Sănătate" and as a third option, "Să crești mare!")
Response meaning in English
"Health/Be healthy" or "To your luck""May you grow up!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Mulțumesc
Russian
Russian
Language
Russian
Usual responses and notes
Будь здоров/а! (Bud' zdorov/a), or more formally Будьте здоровы (Bud'te zdorovy)
Response meaning in English
"(May you) be healthy!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Спасибо, буду (spasibo, budu) or Спасибо (spasibo)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you, I will" or "Thank you"
Serbian
Serbian
Language
Serbian
Usual responses and notes
Наздравље (Nazdravlje)Пис мацо (Pis maco), which is mostly used with children
Response meaning in English
"To your health""Go away kitten" (as the sound of sneezing is said to sound like a cat's cough)
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
ХвалаLess frequently: Истина or Здравље да имаш
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"Less frequently: "It is true" or "Health you have"
Silesian
Silesian
Language
Silesian
Usual responses and notes
Pyrsk!
Response meaning in English
"Cheers"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Sinhala
Sinhala
Language
Sinhala
Usual responses and notes
ආයුබෝවන් (Ayubowan)
Response meaning in English
"Have a long life"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Thank you
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Slovak
Slovak
Language
Slovak
Usual responses and notes
Na zdravie
Response meaning in English
"To your health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Ďakujem
Slovenian
Slovenian
Language
Slovenian
Usual responses and notes
Na zdravje, Res je, or the old-fashioned Bog pomagaj
Response meaning in English
"To your health", "it is true", or "God help to you".It is a folk belief that a sneeze proves the truth of whatever was said just prior to it.
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Hvala
Spanish
Spanish
Language
Spanish
Usual responses and notes
In Latin America, Salud or Dios te bendiga.In Spain, it can also be Jesús after the first, María after the second, and y José after the third.In Latin America, particularly in Venezuela and Colombia, it's replaced by salud after the first, dinero after the second, and amor after the third.
Response meaning in English
"To your health" or "God bless you"."Jesus" after the first, "Mary" after the second, and "and Joseph" after the third in Spain."Health", "money", and "love" in Latin America.
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Gracias
Kiswahili
Kiswahili
Language
Kiswahili
Usual responses and notes
Afya
Response meaning in English
"Health"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Asante
Reply meaning in English
"Already feeling better" or "Thank you"
Swedish
Swedish
Language
Swedish
Usual responses and notes
Prosit
Response meaning in English
From Latin, prōsit. "Må det vara till gagn."
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Tack
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Tajik
Tajik
Language
Tajik
Usual responses and notes
Саломат бошед! (Salomat boshed!)
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy!"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Раҳмат! (Rahmat!), or more formally Ташаккур! (Tashakkur!)
Tamil
Tamil
Language
Tamil
Usual responses and notes
ஆயுசு நூறு (aa-yu-su noo-ru) / ஆயுள் நூறு (aa-yul noo-ru) or நீடு வாழ்க (nee-du vaal-ka).Also, Dheergayusu, Poornayusu, or Sadayusu.
Response meaning in English
"100 year-long life" or "Live long" Different variations of long life after consecutive sneezes; "Live long"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
நன்றி (nan-dri)
Tatar
Tatar
Language
Tatar
Usual responses and notes
Исән булыгыз (ee-sæn boo-lı-ğız) (formal)Исән бул (ee-sæn bool) (informal)
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Рәхмәт (ɾæχ-mæt)
Telugu
Telugu
Language
Telugu
Usual responses and notes
Chiranjeevi bhava / Chiranjeeva, Nurella ayusshu, or దీర్ఘాయుష్మాన్ భవ
Response meaning in English
"May you be blessed with a life without death", "may you live long", or “may you have 100 years of whole life”
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
ధన్యవాద or the sneezer smiles
Turkish
Turkish
Language
Turkish
Usual responses and notes
Çok yaşa (followed by İyi yaşa if a second sneeze occurs, "Bin yaşa" for a third sneeze.)
Response meaning in English
"Live long", "Live good," "Live a thousand"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Sen de gör, Hep beraber, or 'Siz de görün
Reply meaning in English
"And I hope that you live to see it [my long life]," "All [of us] together" (for when there are more than two witnesses), or "And may you/ y'all witness it [my long life]"
Ukrainian
Ukrainian
Language
Ukrainian
Usual responses and notes
будь здоровий (BООD' zdoh-RO-vyy) to a male sneezer informallyбудь здорова (BООD' zdoh-RO-va) to a female sneezer informallyбудьте здорові (BООD'-te zdoh-RO-vee) (formal)На здоров'я! (na zdoh-RO-v-ia)Правда (pra-vda) if a person sneezes during another person's speech
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy", "To your health!", "It is true"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
дякую (DIA-koo-you)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Urdu
Urdu
Language
Urdu
Usual responses and notes
yar-hum-o-kullah (the person who sneezed first says Alhamdulillah)
Response meaning in English
"May God have mercy on you"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Yah-de-kum-ullah (the person who sneezed first says praise be to God)
Reply meaning in English
"May God guide you to the right path"
Uzbek
Uzbek
Language
Uzbek
Usual responses and notes
Sogʻ boʻling or Salomat boʻling
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Rahmat
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Vietnamese
Vietnamese
Language
Vietnamese
Usual responses and notes
When a child sneezes, an adult might say Cơm muối, which means "salt & cooked rice". These words are believed to expel the evil spirit that's possessing their weak phách (yin soul) at that moment.
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy / Live long"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Cảm ơn / Cám ơn
Vilamovian
Vilamovian
Language
Vilamovian
Usual responses and notes
Gȫthyłf or hyłf Gȫt
Response meaning in English
God help you
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Unknown
Welsh
Welsh
Language
Welsh
Usual responses and notes
Bendith or Bendith (Duw) arnat ti (familiar)Bendith (Duw) arnoch chi (respectful)
Response meaning in English
"(God's) blessing on you."
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Diolch
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Yiddish
Yiddish
Language
Yiddish
Usual responses and notes
זײַ געזונט‎ (zay gezunt), צו געזונט‎ (tsu gezunt), or אסותא‎ (asuse)After a second and third sneeze, צו לעבן‎ (tsu lebn) and צו לאַנגע יאָר‎ (tsu lange yor)If someone is speaking when another sneezes, גענאָסן צום אמת‎ (genosn tsum emes)
Response meaning in English
"Be healthy", "to health", or "health" (Aramaic)"To life" and "for many years""Sneezed on truth"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
A sneezer responds to their own sneeze with חיים‎ (chaim)
Reply meaning in English
"Life"
Yoruba
Yoruba
Language
Yoruba
Usual responses and notes
Pẹ̀lẹ́ (kpeh-leh)
Response meaning in English
"Sorry"
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
O ṣé (oh shay) (informal)Ẹ ṣé (eh shay) (formal)
Reply meaning in English
"Thank you"
Language
Usual responses and notes
Response meaning in English
Sneezer reply and pronunciation
Reply meaning in English
Albanian
Shëndet
"Health!"
Faleminderit
"Thank you"
Shëndet paç
"May you have health"
American Sign Language
BLESS YOU
Interpretation of the English response "Bless you", linguistically similar to CATHOLIC
Unknown
Amharic
ይማርሽ (yimarish) for a femaleይማርህ (yimarih) for a male
"May God forgive you!"
ያኑሪሽ (yanurish) for femaleያኑርህ (yanurih) for male
"May you live for long"
Afrikaans
Gesondheid
"Health!"
Dankie
"Thank you"
Arabic
صحة (ṣaḥḥa), فرج (faraj), or الله فرجك (allāh farajak (m.), allāh farajik (f.))نشوة (nashwa)يرحمكم الله (yarḥamukum ullāh) if the sneezer says الحمدلله (al‐ḥamdulila̅h), as an alternative/religious interaction
"Well-being!" or "Health! Elation!" or "Thrill! God have mercy on you" if the sneezer says "All praise is for God"
علينا و عليك (ʿalayna̅ wa‐ʿalayk)شكراً (shukran) orيهديكم الله و يصلح بالكم (yahdīkum alla̅h wa‐yuṣlaḥ ba̅lakum) after the alternative interaction
"For you and me Thank you! God guide you and set your affairs aright"
Armenian
առողջություն (aroghjutyun)
"Health"
շնորհակալություն (shnorhakalutyun)
"Thank you"
Assamese
No common practice of responding to someone's sneeze.
Unknown
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
shemed alahabrakhmeh
"In God's name Bless you"
baseema raba
"Thank you (very much)"
Azeri
Sağlam ol
"Be healthy"
Sən də Sağ ol
"You too"
Bangla
Alhamdulillah (আল্লাহ তোমার উপর রহম দান করুন) (Bangladesh)
"May God have mercy on you"
"Silence"[clarification needed]
Jibah Jibah (জীবঃ জীবঃ) (India)
"May you live long"
Basque
Doministiku (from the Latin dominus tecum)Ehun urtez!Jainkoak lagun!
"The Lord be with you For a hundred years! May God help you!"
No answerEta zu kondatzaile
No answer"And you there to narrate"
Belarusian
будзь здаровы (Budz zdarovy) for any gender
"Be healthy"
дзякуй (dziakuj)
"Thank you"
будзь здароў (budz zdarou) for a male
будзь здаровая (Budz zdarovaja) for a female
Bosnian
Nazdravlje
"To your good health"
Hvala
Breton
Doue d'ho pennigo
"God will bless you"
Unknown
Bulgarian
Наздраве (Nazdrave)
"To your health" or "Cheers"
Благодаря (Blagodarya)
"Thank you"
Catalan
Jesús or Salut
"Jesus" or "Health!"
Gràcies
Cantonese
大吉利事 (daai6 gat1 lei6 si6) or 好嘅 (hou2 ge3).Sneezing in Southern Chinese culture means that someone is speaking ill behind your back.
"A great fortunate occurrence" or "A good one"
唔好意思 (m4 hou2 ji3 si1)
"Excuse me"
Chechen
Dukha vekhil for a maleDukha yekhil for a female
"Live for a long time"
Dela reze hiyla
"Thank you" (lit. 'I wish God will bless you')
Croatian
Nazdravlje or Istina!
"To your health" or "Truth!"
Hvala
"Thank you"
Czech
Na zdravíPozdrav Pánbůh orJe to pravda
"To your health Bless God" or"It is true"
Ať slouží orDejž to Pánbůh (in reply to Pozdrav Pánbůh)
"May it last" or"May God let it happen (bless you)"
Danish
Prosit
“May it be good”; “To your health” from Latin prōsit
Tak
"Thank you"
Dutch
GezondheidIf the person has sneezed three times: Morgen mooi weerLess commonly used: ProostFlanders old fashioned: God zegent u
"Health"If the person has sneezed three times: "The weather will be nice tomorrow"From the Latin prōsit meaning "May it be good"; "To your health God bless you"
Dank u (wel) (formal) orDank je (wel) (informal)
English
God bless you, Bless you, or Gesundheit
Thank you
Esperanto
Sanon
"Health!"
Dankon
"Thank you"
Estonian
Terviseks
"For health!"
Aitäh
Faroese
Jesuspápi vælsigni teg! This can be shortened to Vælsigni teg!
"May Jesus bless you!" or "Bless you!"
Takk (fyri)!
"Thanks (for [it])!"
Finnish
Terveydeksi
"For health!"
Kiitos
"Thank you"
French
à tes / vos souhaits or SantéOld-fashioned: à tes / vos amours after the second sneeze, and qu'elles durent toujours or à tes / vos rêves after the third. More archaically, one can say Que Dieu te/vous bénisse.
"To your wishes" or "health".Old-fashioned: after the second sneeze, "to your loves", and after the third, "may they last forever".More archaically, the translation is "God bless you".
Merci or Merci, que les tiennes durent toujours (old-fashioned) after the second sneeze
"Thank you" or "Thanks, may yours last forever" after the second sneeze
Gaelic (Scottish)
Dia leat (informal) or Dia leibh (formal)
"God with you"
Mòran taing (or any other variation of thanks)
"Many thanks"
Georgian
ჯანმრთელობა (janmrteloba) or იცოცხლე (itsotskhle)
"Health" or "Live long"
მადლობა (madloba) or გმადლობთ (gmadlobt)
"Thank you"
German
Gesundheit!
"Health!" (meaning I wish you good health or I wish that you don't get sick)
Danke (schön)
"Thank you (very much)"
Helf Gott!, Helfgott!, or Helf dir Gott! (Southern Germany/Austria/Transylvanian-Saxon; archaic/mostly used by more or less religious elderly)Gott helfe
"May God help you!"
Vergelt's Gott
"May God reward it" (i.e. your good wishes)
Großwachsen! (Transylvanian-Saxon; from Romanian "Să creşti mare!"; used solely for children, usually after the usual "Gesundheit" for the first and/or second response)
"You shall grow tall!"
Danke (schön)
"Thank you (very much)"
Zum Wohl! (Southern Germany/Austria)
"To your well-being!"
Greek
γείτσες (gítses) or με την υγεία σου (me tin igía su)
"Healths!" or "With your health!"
Ευχαριστώ (Efharistó)
"Thank you"
Gujarati
In Gujarati, there is no set phrases to acknowledge a sneeze. Most commonly, people would invoke the name of a god, say a phrase meaning "live long"/"good health", or just use the English expression: ગોડ બ્લેસ યુ (goḍ bles yu).
"God!" or "God bless you" (using English)
આભાર (ābhār) or થૅન્ક યુ (thenk yu) (using English)
Hawaiian
Kihe, a mauli ola, or simply Ola
"Sneeze, and you shall live", or simply "live"
Mahalo
Hebrew
לבריאות (livri'oot or labri'oot)
"To health!"
תודה (todah)
Hungarian
Egészségedre! / Egészségére!
"To your health! (True)"
Köszönöm
Igbo
Ndo
"Sorry"
Daalu
Icelandic
Guð hjálpi þér! or Guð blessi þigThere is also a custom to respond three times to three sneezes: Guð hjálpi þér ("God help you"), styrki þig ("strengthen you"), og styðji ("and support").
"God help you!" or "God bless you"
Takk fyrir, Takk, Ég þakka, or Afsakið
"Thank you", "Thanks", "I thank", or "excuse me"
Indonesian
Tuhan berkati
"God bless"
Terima kasih
"Thank you"
Irish
Dia linnDia leatDeiseal, which may be a form of Dia seal
“God be with us”"God be with you May it go right", which might be a form of "God with us for a while".
Gabh mo leithscéal
"Excuse me"
Italian
Salute!
"Health!"
Grazie
"Thank you"
(ironic) Che se ne va
"That is going away"

References

  1. Duden
    http://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/Gott
  2. helfgott
    http://www.duden.de/rechtschreibung/helfgott
  3. Ons volksleven - Volume 5
    https://books.google.com/books?id=fxpGAQAAMAAJ&q=%22niezen%22+%22gesundheit%22
  4. Siebenbürgisches Wörterbuch zwischen Ajuria und Ziweben
    https://books.google.com/books?id=KhAbBgAAQBAJ&q=%22Gro%C3%9Fwachsen%21%22+niesen&pg=PA145
  5. de.wiktionary.org
    https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/zum_Wohl
  6. Visindavefur
    http://visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=6044
  7. interesnoe.me
    https://interesnoe.me/view/content/upd/24555638
  8. "Say Cheers in 50 Different Languages"
    http://noteworthywines.ca/say-cheers-in-50-different-languages/
  9. dict.leo.org
    https://dict.leo.org/forum/viewGeneraldiscussion.php?idThread=843563#followup20
  10. Sök i tre ordböcker på en gång
    https://svenska.se/tre/?sok=prosit&pz=2
  11. The Village Україна
    https://www.the-village.com.ua/village/business/business-ethics/290101-chhati-ya-hotiv-chi-potribno-kazati-lyudyam-bud-zdoroviy
  12. Comprehensive English-Yiddish Dictionary
  13. A Way With Words
    https://www.waywordradio.org/tag/meaning/page/4/
  14. From Latin where it means "I wish it will benefit you"
  15. It is somewhat known to say Schönheit, "beauty", after a second or third sneeze and Klugheit, "prudence" after another,
  16. From Latin where it means "May it be good"
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