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Reinhard Heydrich

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Reinhard Heydrich

Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (; German: [ˈʁaɪnhaʁt ˈtʁɪstan ˈʔɔʏɡn̩ ˈhaɪdʁɪç] ; 7 March 1904 – 4 June 1942) was a German high-ranking SS and police official in Nazi Germany as well as one of the principal architects of the Holocaust. He held the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei. Many historians regard Heydrich as one of the most sinister figures within the Nazi regime. Adolf Hitler described him as "the man with the iron heart." Beginning in September 1939, Heydrich was chief of the Reich Security Main Office (including the Gestapo, Kripo, and SD). He was also Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor (Deputy Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. He served as president of the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC, now known as Interpol) and chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference which formalised plans for the "Final Solution to the Jewish question"—the deportation and genocide of all Jews in German-occupied Europe. He was the founding head of the Sicherheitsdienst (Security Service, SD), an intelligence organisation charged with seeking out and neutralising resistance to the Nazi Party via arrests, deportations, and murders. He helped organise Kristallnacht, a series of coordinated attacks against Jews throughout Nazi Germany and parts of Austria on 9–10 November 1938. The attacks were carried out by SA stormtroopers and civilians and presaged the Holocaust. Upon his arrival in Prague, Heydrich sought to eliminate opposition to the Nazi occupation by suppressing Czech culture and deporting and executing members of the Czech resistance. He was directly responsible for the Einsatzgruppen, the special task forces that travelled in the wake of the German armies and murdered more than two million people by mass shooting and gassing including 1.3 million Jews. Heydrich was mortally wounded in Prague on 27 May 1942 as a result of Operation Anthropoid. He was ambushed by a team of Czech and Slovak soldiers who had been sent by the Czechoslovak government-in-exile to kill him; the team was trained by the British Special Operations Executive. Heydrich died from sepsis caused by his injuries on 4 June 1942. Nazi intelligence falsely linked the Czech and Slovak soldiers and resistance partisans to the villages of Lidice and Ležáky. Both villages were razed; the men and boys age 14 and above were shot and most of the women and children were deported and murdered in Nazi concentration camps.

Infobox

Appointed by
Heinrich Himmler
Preceded by
Rudolf Diels
Succeeded by
Heinrich Müller
Protector
mw- Konstantin von Neurath
Secretary-General
Oskar Dressler
mw- 1939–1942
Commander of the Einsatzgruppen
1936–1942
Reichstag Deputy
1936–1939
Director of the Sicherheitspolizei
1934–1942
Member of the Prussian State Council
1931–1942
Director of the Sicherheitsdienst
Born
Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich(1904-03-07)7 March 1904Halle an der Saale, Prussia, German Empire
Died
4 June 1942(1942-06-04) (aged 38)Prague-Libeň, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (now Prague, Czech Republic)
Manner of death
Assassination (sepsis by gunshot wound)
Resting place
Invalidenfriedhof (Invalids' Cemetery), Berlin
Political party
Nazi Party
Spouse
mw- Lina von Osten (m. 1931)
Children
4
Parents
Richard Bruno Heydrich (father) Elisabeth Anna Maria Amalia Krantz (mother)
Relatives
Heinz Heydrich (brother)
Education
Naval Academy Mürwik
Nicknames
The Hangman The Butcher of Prague The Blond Beast Himmler's Evil Genius The Man with the Iron Heart
Allegiance
Weimar RepublicNazi Germany
Branch/service
Reichsmarine Schutzstaffel Luftwaffe
Years of service
1922–1942
Rank
Oberleutnant zur See (Reichsmarine) Major of the Reserve (Luftwaffe) SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei
Battles/wars
World War II
Awards
See service record section
Party
Nazi Party

Tables

· External links
Preceded byKonstantin von Neurath
Preceded byKonstantin von Neurath
Government offices
Preceded byKonstantin von Neurath
Government offices
Deputy Protector of Bohemia and Moravia 29 September 1941 – 4 June 1942
Government offices
Succeeded byKurt Daluege
Preceded byOtto Steinhäusl
Preceded byOtto Steinhäusl
Government offices
Preceded byOtto Steinhäusl
Government offices
President of the ICPC 24 August 1940 – 4 June 1942
Government offices
Succeeded byArthur Nebe
New title
New title
Government offices
New title
Government offices
Director of the Reich Security Main Office 27 September 1939 – 4 June 1942
Government offices
Succeeded byHeinrich HimmlerActing
Preceded byRudolf Diels
Preceded byRudolf Diels
Government offices
Preceded byRudolf Diels
Government offices
Director of the Gestapo 22 April 1934 – 27 September 1939
Government offices
Succeeded byHeinrich Müller
Awards and achievements
Awards and achievements
Government offices
Awards and achievements
Preceded byBoris Shaposhnikov
Preceded byBoris Shaposhnikov
Government offices
Preceded byBoris Shaposhnikov
Government offices
Cover of Time Magazine 23 February 1942
Government offices
Succeeded byTomoyuki Yamashita
Government offices
Preceded byKonstantin von Neurath
Deputy Protector of Bohemia and Moravia 29 September 1941 – 4 June 1942
Succeeded byKurt Daluege
Preceded byOtto Steinhäusl
President of the ICPC 24 August 1940 – 4 June 1942
Succeeded byArthur Nebe
New title
Director of the Reich Security Main Office 27 September 1939 – 4 June 1942
Succeeded byHeinrich HimmlerActing
Preceded byRudolf Diels
Director of the Gestapo 22 April 1934 – 27 September 1939
Succeeded byHeinrich Müller
Awards and achievements
Preceded byBoris Shaposhnikov
Cover of Time Magazine 23 February 1942
Succeeded byTomoyuki Yamashita

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