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President's rule

Updated: 12/11/2025, 1:10:06 PM Wikipedia source

In India, President's rule is the suspension of state government and imposition of direct Union government rule in a state. Under Article 356 of the Constitution of India, if a state government is unable to function according to Constitutional provisions, the Union government can take direct control of the state machinery. Subsequently, executive authority is exercised through the centrally appointed governor, who has the authority to appoint other administrators to assist them. The administrators are usually nonpartisan retired civil servants not native to the state. When a state government is functioning correctly, it is run by an elected Council of Ministers responsible to the state's legislative assembly (Vidhan Sabha). The council is led by the chief minister, who is the chief executive of the state; the Governor is only a constitutional head. However, during President's rule, the Council of Ministers is dissolved, later on vacating the office of Chief Minister. Furthermore, the Vidhan Sabha is either prorogued or dissolved, necessitating a new election. Prior to 2019, the constitution of the state of Jammu and Kashmir had a similar system of Governor's rule, under its Section 92. The state's governor issued a proclamation, after obtaining the consent of the President of India allowing Governor's rule for up to six months after which President's rule under Article 356 of the Constitution of India could be imposed. After the revocation of Article 370, President's rule applies to Jammu and Kashmir under section 73 (since Article 356 of Constitution of India does not apply to union territories) of Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019. Following the 1994 landmark judgment in S. R. Bommai v. Union of India, the Supreme Court of India restricted arbitrary impositions of President's rule. Chhattisgarh and Telangana are the only states where the President's rule has never been imposed so far. Manipur is the state where it has been invoked the most frequently, currently under the rule since February 2025 for the eleventh time. The President's rule in force in Manipur since February was extended for a further six month with effect from 13 August 2025.

Tables

List of instances of President's rule being applied · List of instances
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
1 March 2014
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 June 2014
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
99 days
Duration → 327 days
Political impasse following the resignation of CM Kiran Kumar Reddy and several other congress party legislators from the Government as well as the Party, in protest against Indian Parliament passing Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill to bifurcate united Andhra Pradesh and create a separate Telangana state. President's rule revoked from Telangana areas on 2 June 2014 and bifurcated Andhra Pradesh areas on 8 June 2014. President rule reimposed unlawfully by the President after the two months time limit without taking approval of the Parliament under Article 356.
Andhra State
Andhra State
State → Andhra Pradesh
Andhra State
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
15 November 1954
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
28 March 1955
Duration → 327 days
133 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority.
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
State → Andhra Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
3 November 1979
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
18 January 1980
Duration → 327 days
76 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment during Janata party rule at the centre.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
25 January 2016
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
19 February 2016
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
26 days
Duration → 327 days
21 Congress MLAs joined hands with 11 of the BJP and two Independents, making the contemporary government a minority. Supreme Court declared the imposition of president rule as ultra vires and reinstated the dismissed Congress led government in the state. In a landmark judgement, it found fault with the unconstitutional role played by the Governor by interfering in the activities of legislatures and speaker of the Vidhan Sabha
Assam
Assam
State → Andhra Pradesh
Assam
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
12 December 1979
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
6 December 1980
Duration → 327 days
360 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
'Assam Agitation' against illegal foreign nationals staying in Assam started to take roots under the leadership of the All Assam Students' Union (AASU). The violence fuelled by United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) resulted in breakdown of law and order.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
30 June 1981
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 January 1982
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
197 days
Duration → 327 days
Congress (I) government led by Anwara Taimur representing immigrant minorities collapsed following intensification of 'Assam Agitation' against illegal foreign national staying in Assam.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
19 March 1982
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
27 February 1983
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
345 days
Duration → 327 days
Congress (I) government led by Kesab Gogoi representing ethnic Asom people collapsed following continued violence in Assam.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
28 November 1990
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
30 June 1991
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
214 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of AGP CM Prafulla Mahanta enjoying majority support in Assembly. The dismissal was triggered apparently by the threat to internal security due to banned organisation ULFA's activities. During the president's rule, Operation Bajrang was launched to flush out ULFA militants.
Bihar
Bihar
State → Andhra Pradesh
Bihar
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
29 June 1968
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
26 February 1969
Duration → 327 days
242 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
4 July 1969
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
16 February 1970
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
227 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment due to split in ruling Congress party
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
9 January 1972
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
19 March 1972
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
70 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
24 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
55 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Jagannath Mishra enjoying majority support in Assembly.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
112 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Ram Sundar Das enjoying majority support in Assembly.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
28 March 1995
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 April 1995
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
7 days
Duration → 327 days
President's rule imposed for a brief period of one week to facilitate passage of vote on account (to permit day-to-day government expenses in Bihar) by Parliament while awaiting the results of Assembly elections held during the Chief Ministership of Lalu Prasad.
7
7
State → Andhra Pradesh
7
Term → 1
12 February 1999
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 March 1999
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
24 days
Duration → 327 days
Breakdown of law and order, killings of 11 Dalits at Narayanpur. The Vajpayee Government, revoked the president's rule within 26 days since the coalition did not have a majority in the Rajya Sabha.
8
8
State → Andhra Pradesh
8
Term → 1
7 March 2005
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
24 November 2005
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
262 days
Duration → 327 days
Indecisive outcome of elections. In a landmark judgement, Supreme Court ruled that the imposition of the president's rule without giving the chance to the elected legislatures to form new government is unconstitutional and mala fide act by the president.
Delhi
Delhi
State → Andhra Pradesh
Delhi
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
16 February 2014
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
14 February 2015
Duration → 327 days
363 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Arvind Kejriwal resigned as Chief Minister after failing to table the Jan Lokpal Bill in the Delhi Assembly.
Goa
Goa
State → Andhra Pradesh
Goa
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
14 December 1990
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
25 January 1991
Duration → 327 days
42 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
C.M. resigned consequent upon his disqualification by High Court – No other Government found viable.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
10 February 1999
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
9 June 1999
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
119 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority and no alternate claimant to form next government.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
4 March 2005
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
7 June 2005
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
95 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed after controversial confidence vote secured in the Assembly by CM Pratap Sinh Rane.
Goa, Daman and Diu
Goa, Daman and Diu
State → Andhra Pradesh
Goa, Daman and Diu
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
3 December 1966
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
5 April 1967
Duration → 327 days
123 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
The Union Territory of Goa's Assembly was dissolved to conduct an opinion poll to determine whether Goa should be merged with Maharashtra.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
27 April 1979
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
16 January 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
264 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority following split in the ruling MGP Party.
Gujarat
Gujarat
State → Andhra Pradesh
Gujarat
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 May 1971
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
17 March 1972
Duration → 327 days
309 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority following vertical split in Congress during 1969 presidential election.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
9 February 1974
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
18 June 1975
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 129 days
Duration → 327 days
Chimanbhai Patel led Congress government resigned due to Navnirman Movement Anti-Corruption protests. The protesters forced MLA's resignations, forcing dissolution of assembly.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
12 March 1976
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
24 December 1976
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
287 days
Duration → 327 days
"Non-Passage" of budget leading to collapse of government.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
7 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
111 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Babubhai J Patel enjoying majority support in the Assembly
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
19 September 1996
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
23 October 1996
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
34 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed following a controversial confidence vote. The Assembly was placed in suspended animation, which led to subsequent installation of Vaghela government, supported by Congress.
Haryana
Haryana
State → Andhra Pradesh
Haryana
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
2 November 1967
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
21 May 1968
Duration → 327 days
182 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Government dismissed in spite of having a tenuous majority.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
21 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
52 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of B D Gupta enjoying majority support in Assembly.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
6 April 1991
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
23 June 1991
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
78 days
Duration → 327 days
Rebellion in the ruling party.
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
State → Andhra Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
30 April 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
22 June 1977
Duration → 327 days
53 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Government dismissed in spite of Thakur Ram Lal enjoying majority support in Assembly.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
15 December 1992
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
3 December 1993
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
353 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in the aftermath of the destruction of Babri Masjid-Ram Janmasthan in Uttar Pradesh.
Jammu and Kashmir (State)
Jammu and Kashmir (State)
State → Andhra Pradesh
Jammu and Kashmir (State)
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
27 March 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
9 July 1977
Duration → 327 days
104 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Sheikh Abdullah led National Conference government bowed out after being reduced to a minority following withdrawal of support by the Congress Party.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
7 March 1986
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
6 November 1986
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
244 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
19 January 1990
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
9 October 1996
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
6 years, 264 days
Duration → 327 days
Increased Militancy, Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus & breakdown of law & order
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
10 July 2008
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
5 January 2009
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
179 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority following collapse of coalition. CM Gulam Nabi Azad's decision to transfer land for Amarnath pilgrimage led to PDP pulling out of coalition Govt.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
9 January 2015
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
1 March 2015
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
51 days
Duration → 327 days
Failure of Government formation after fractured verdict in Assembly elections. BJP & PDP reached an understanding to form an alliance to form Government in J&K.
7
7
State → Andhra Pradesh
7
Term → 1
8 January 2016
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 April 2016
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
87 days
Duration → 327 days
Death of chief minister Mufti Mohammad Sayeed.
8
8
State → Andhra Pradesh
8
Term → 1
19 June 2018
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
30 October 2019
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 133 days
Duration → 327 days
Resignation of the Chief Minister following loss of coalition partner. On 31 October 2019, Jammu and Kashmir state was split into two union territories, UT of Jammu and Kashmir and UT of Ladakh.
Jammu and Kashmir(Union Territory)
Jammu and Kashmir(Union Territory)
State → Andhra Pradesh
Jammu and Kashmir(Union Territory)
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
31 October 2019
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
13 October 2024
Duration → 327 days
4 years, 348 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Imposed under section 73 of Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (Article 356 does not apply to Union Territories)
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
State → Andhra Pradesh
Jharkhand
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
19 January 2009
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
30 December 2009
Duration → 327 days
345 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Political instability due to CM Shibu Soren's resignation following defeat in Tamar bypolls.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
1 June 2010
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
11 September 2010
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
102 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
18 January 2013
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 July 2013
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
176 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority BJP's ruling coalition partner JMM withdrew its support to the government pushing it into a minority. Chief Minister Arjun Munda resigned and sought dissolution of the state Assembly.
Karnataka
Karnataka
State → Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
27 March 1971
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
20 March 1972
Duration → 327 days
359 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
31 December 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
27 February 1978
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
58 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Congress CM Devraj Urs enjoying majority support in Assembly.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
21 April 1989
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
30 November 1989
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
223 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority of CM S. R. Bommai, followed by dissolution of Assembly. On an appeal by S. R. Bommai, in a landmark judgement delivered in 1994, the Indian Supreme Court laid out the procedure to be followed before dissolving an elected assembly. The historic ruling in this case reduced the scope for misuse of Article 356 by future central governments and governors.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
10 October 1990
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
17 October 1990
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
7 days
Duration → 327 days
Government of Veerendra Patil dismissed by Prime Minister V. P. Singh and state was placed under president's rule with the assembly placed in suspended animation until next chief Minister was elected.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
9 October 2007
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
12 November 2007
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
34 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
20 November 2007
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
30 May 2008
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
192 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
Kerala
Kerala
State → Andhra Pradesh
Kerala
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
31 July 1959
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
22 February 1960
Duration → 327 days
206 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Government dismissed in spite of Communist CM EMS Namboodiripad enjoying majority support in Assembly.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
10 September 1964
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
6 March 1967
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
2 years, 177 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority followed by indecisive outcome of elections.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
4 August 1970
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
3 October 1970
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
60 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
5 December 1979
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
25 January 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
51 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
21 October 1981
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
28 December 1981
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
68 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority due to withdrawal of support by Congress(S) and Kerala Congress(M).
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
17 March 1982
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
24 May 1982
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
68 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority following defection of Lonappan Nambadan.
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
State → Andhra Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
30 April 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
23 June 1977
Duration → 327 days
54 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Government dismissed in spite of Shyama Charan Shukla enjoying majority support in Assembly.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
9 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
113 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Sundar Lal Patwa enjoying majority support in Assembly.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
15 December 1992
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
7 December 1993
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
357 days
Duration → 327 days
Govt. dismissed in the aftermath of Babri Masjid-Ram Janmasthan destruction in Uttar Pradesh.
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State → Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
17 February 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
9 June 1980
Duration → 327 days
113 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Govt. dismissed in spite of Sharad Pawar enjoying majority support in the Assembly.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
28 September 2014
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
31 October 2014
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
33 days
Duration → 327 days
Govt. dismissed since Congress Separated from its allies NCP and Others.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
12 November 2019
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
23 November 2019
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
11 days
Duration → 327 days
No party could form a government after a fractured election verdict and Shiv Sena broke the pre-poll alliance it had with the BJP. See also: 2019 Maharashtra political crisis.
Manipur
Manipur
State → Andhra Pradesh
Manipur
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
25 October 1967
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
19 February 1968
Duration → 327 days
117 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Short lived ministry collapsed following resignation of speaker, resulting in neither ruling nor opposition congress having a clear majority in the assembly. Assembly kept in suspended animation.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
16 October 1969
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
20 March 1972
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
2 years, 156 days
Duration → 327 days
Violent secessionist insurgency and statehood demands resulted in breakdown of law and order.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
28 March 1973
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 March 1974
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
341 days
Duration → 327 days
President's rule was imposed even though the opposition had a "tenuous" majority and could have formed a government.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
16 May 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
26 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
41 days
Duration → 327 days
Collapse of Government following defections.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
14 November 1979
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 January 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
60 days
Duration → 327 days
Discontent within Janata Party Government and corruption charges led to dismissal of government and dissolution of Assembly.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
28 February 1981
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
19 June 1981
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
111 days
Duration → 327 days
Incumbent Government fell following defections. Governor did not permit an alternate government to be formed by People's Democratic Front on the basis of his assessment regarding stability of the proposed ministry.
7
7
State → Andhra Pradesh
7
Term → 1
7 January 1992
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 April 1992
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
92 days
Duration → 327 days
Incumbent coalition Government fell following defections. president's rule imposed keeping assembly in suspension.
8
8
State → Andhra Pradesh
8
Term → 1
31 December 1993
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 December 1994
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
347 days
Duration → 327 days
1000 persons died in Naga-Kuki clashes and continued violence.
9
9
State → Andhra Pradesh
9
Term → 1
2 June 2001
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
5 March 2002
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
276 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority.
10
10
State → Andhra Pradesh
10
Term → 1
13 February 2025
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
Ongoing‡
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
301 days
Duration → 327 days
Chief Minister N. Biren Singh resigned following the 2023–2025 Manipur violence amidst a crisis of possible no-confidence motion. Assembly put under suspended animation.
Meghalaya
Meghalaya
State → Andhra Pradesh
Meghalaya
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
11 October 1991
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
5 February 1992
Duration → 327 days
117 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
The Centre imposed president's rule in Meghalaya in the wake of a political crisis after the then Speaker PR Kyndiah suspended five MLAs, mostly independents, on grounds of defection.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
19 March 2009
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 May 2009
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
56 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed after controversial confidence vote secured in the Assembly by CM Donkupar Roy.
Mizoram
Mizoram
State → Andhra Pradesh
Mizoram
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
11 May 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
2 June 1978
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 22 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Mizo Union Ministry led by Chief Minister Chhunga resigned in May 1977, ostensibly to facilitate the progress of peace talks.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
11 November 1978
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 May 1979
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
178 days
Duration → 327 days
Chief Minister Sailo's refusal to grant undue favours caused dissension in his party which led to the fall of his government and imposition of president's rule.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
7 September 1988
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
24 January 1989
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
139 days
Duration → 327 days
Defections reduced the Government to minority.
Nagaland
Nagaland
State → Andhra Pradesh
Nagaland
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
22 March 1975
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
25 November 1977
Duration → 327 days
2 years, 248 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Defections and counter defections led to imposition of president's rule.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
7 August 1988
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
25 January 1989
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
171 days
Duration → 327 days
The state was under a brief spell of central rule again after the Hokishe Sema-led Congress government was reduced to a minority. The decision was challenged in the Supreme Court in held to be invalid in 1994.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
2 April 1992
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
22 February 1993
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
326 days
Duration → 327 days
Fluid party position and deteriorating law and order situation.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
3 January 2008
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
12 March 2008
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
69 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed after controversial confidence vote secured in the Assembly by CM Neiphiu Rio.
Odisha
Odisha
State → Andhra Pradesh
Odisha
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
25 February 1961
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
23 June 1961
Duration → 327 days
118 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Harekrishna Mahtab led Congress-Gantantra Parishad Minority Government resigned on 21 February 1961 due to differences in the Congress Party. President's rule was imposed on 25 February 1961.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
11 January 1971
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
3 April 1971
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
82 days
Duration → 327 days
Break-up of coalition.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
3 March 1973
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
6 March 1974
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 3 days
Duration → 327 days
Facing imminent collapse of government, incumbent chief minister recommended dissolution of assembly and fresh elections.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
16 December 1976
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
29 December 1976
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
13 days
Duration → 327 days
Chief Minister Nandini Satpathy was forced out and assembly placed under suspended animation. A new Congress government was sworn in after revocation of president's rule.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
26 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
57 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Binayak Acharya enjoying majority support in Assembly.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
9 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
113 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Nilamani Routray enjoying majority support in Assembly.
Patiala and East Punjab States Union
Patiala and East Punjab States Union
State → Andhra Pradesh
Patiala and East Punjab States Union
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 March 1953
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
7 March 1954
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 3 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
President's rule was invoked in the erstwhile PEPSU (Patiala and East Punjab States Union ) State when the Akali Dal government, led by Gian Singh Rarewala, was dismissed.
Puducherry
Puducherry
State → Andhra Pradesh
Puducherry
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
18 September 1968
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
17 March 1969
Duration → 327 days
180 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Assembly was dissolved and president's rule imposed as opposition parties had a chance to form a government after the fall of the Congress government.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
3 January 1974
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
6 March 1974
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
62 days
Duration → 327 days
Assembly dissolved after fall of DMK government following decision of two ministers to join newly formed AIADMK.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
28 March 1974
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
2 July 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
3 years, 96 days
Duration → 327 days
Fall of coalition government of AIADMK, Congress(O) following division of votes by Congress(R) and DMK. The Assembly was dissolved.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
12 November 1978
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
16 January 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 65 days
Duration → 327 days
Fall of government due to political instability.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
24 June 1983
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
16 March 1985
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 265 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed following withdrawal of Congress(I) from coalition government. In spite of incumbent chief minister asking for an opportunity to prove his majority on the floor of the house, the assembly was dissolved.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
12 January 1991
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 July 1991
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
173 days
Duration → 327 days
DMK Government dismissed in spite of having a majority in the Assembly.
7
7
State → Andhra Pradesh
7
Term → 1
25 February 2021
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
7 May 2021
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
71 days
Duration → 327 days
Congress Government resigned due to loss of majority and no alternate claimant to form next government.
Punjab
Punjab
State → Andhra Pradesh
Punjab
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
20 June 1951
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
17 April 1952
Duration → 327 days
302 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru kept the Punjab Assembly in suspension for nine months and 28 days to help the state Congress government get its act together.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
5 July 1966
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
1 November 1966
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
119 days
Duration → 327 days
State administration was taken over, ostensibly to facilitate bifurcation of Punjab state into two, Punjab and Haryana.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
23 August 1968
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
17 February 1969
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
178 days
Duration → 327 days
Break-up of coalition.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
15 June 1971
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
17 March 1972
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
276 days
Duration → 327 days
Following poor performance in March, 1971 Lok Sabha Elections, incumbent Chief Minister advised dissolving state assembly and holding fresh elections to state legislature.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
20 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
51 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Giani Zail Singh enjoying majority support in Assembly.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
7 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
111 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Parkash Singh Badal enjoying majority support in Assembly.
7
7
State → Andhra Pradesh
7
Term → 1
6 October 1983
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
29 September 1985
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 358 days
Duration → 327 days
Many Khalistani separatist groups announced the creation of Khalistan.
8
8
State → Andhra Pradesh
8
Term → 1
11 May 1987
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
23 February 1992
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
4 years, 288 days
Duration → 327 days
Breakdown of law and order by several militant groups.
Rajasthan
Rajasthan
State → Andhra Pradesh
Rajasthan
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
13 March 1967
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
26 April 1967
Duration → 327 days
44 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Indecisive outcome of elections.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
22 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
53 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Hari Dev Joshi enjoying majority support in Assembly.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
5 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
109 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Bhairon Singh Shekhawat enjoying majority support in Assembly.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
15 December 1992
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 December 1993
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
354 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Bhairon Singh Shekhawat enjoying majority support in Assembly.
Sikkim
Sikkim
State → Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
18 August 1978
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
17 October 1979
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 60 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority following split in Kazi Lhendup Dorji led Janata Party government. The central government imposed president's rule and followed up with electoral reforms before ordering fresh elections.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
25 May 1984
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 March 1985
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
287 days
Duration → 327 days
Congress Government formed following induced collapse of Nar Bahadur Bhandari Sikkim Janata Parishad Government was dismissed as it did not enjoy a majority in the Assembly.
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
State → Andhra Pradesh
Tamil Nadu
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
31 January 1976
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
30 June 1977
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 150 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
The government headed by former chief minister M. Karunanidhi was dismissed by former prime minister Indira Gandhi in spite enjoying majority in the legislative assembly, due to charges of corruption while the Sarkaria Commission was set up to probe the allegations.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
9 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
113 days
Duration → 327 days
The government headed by former chief minister M. G. Ramachandran was dismissed by former prime minister Indira Gandhi in spite enjoying majority in the legislative assembly.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
30 January 1988
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
27 January 1989
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
363 days
Duration → 327 days
The government headed by former chief minister V. N. Janaki Ramachandran was dismissed by former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi after controversial confidence vote secured by her in the legislative assembly.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
30 January 1991
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
24 June 1991
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
145 days
Duration → 327 days
The government headed by former chief minister M. Karunanidhi was dismissed by former prime minister Chandra Shekhar on charges of supporting anti-national activities, in spite of the governor Surjit Singh Barnala's report and enjoying majority in the legislative assembly.
Travancore-Cochin
Travancore-Cochin
State → Andhra Pradesh
Travancore-Cochin
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
23 March 1956
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
5 April 1957
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 13 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority following split in Congress Party.
Tripura
Tripura
State → Andhra Pradesh
Tripura
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
1 November 1971
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
20 March 1972
Duration → 327 days
140 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
In the backdrop of refugee influx due to Bangladesh Liberation War, split in the Congress and Communist agitation for Tripura to become a full-fledged state, president's rule was imposed. On 1 January 1972 Tripura became a State and assembly elections held subsequently.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
5 November 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 January 1978
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
60 days
Duration → 327 days
Collapse of short lived government in a fluid political environment.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
11 March 1993
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
10 April 1993
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
30 days
Duration → 327 days
Elections postponed from 15 February 1993 to 3 April 1993 on account of deteriorating law and order situation. Caretaker CM resigns.
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
State → Andhra Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
25 February 1968
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
26 February 1969
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 1 day
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Loss of majority following withdrawal of support by Congress (R) led by Indira Gandhi.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
1 October 1970
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
18 October 1970
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
17 days
Duration → 327 days
Charan Singh Ministry supported by Congress collapsed following split in Congress party.
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
13 June 1973
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
8 November 1973
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
148 days
Duration → 327 days
Chief Minister resigned as a result of the 1973 Provincial Armed Constabulary revolt.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
30 November 1975
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
21 January 1976
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
52 days
Duration → 327 days
Congress Government of H N Bahuguna tendered resignation due to infighting within the party.
5
5
State → Andhra Pradesh
5
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
23 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
54 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of N D Tiwari enjoying majority support in Assembly.
6
6
State → Andhra Pradesh
6
Term → 1
17 February 1980
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
9 June 1980
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
113 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Banarasi Das enjoying majority support in Assembly.
7
7
State → Andhra Pradesh
7
Term → 1
6 December 1992
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
4 December 1993
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
363 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in the aftermath of the destruction of Babri Masjid-Ram Janmasthan.
8
8
State → Andhra Pradesh
8
Term → 1
18 October 1995
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
21 March 1997
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 154 days
Duration → 327 days
Loss of majority following collapse of coalition followed by indecisive outcome of fresh elections.
9
9
State → Andhra Pradesh
9
Term → 1
8 March 2002
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
3 May 2002
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
56 days
Duration → 327 days
Indecisive outcome of elections.
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand
State → Andhra Pradesh
Uttarakhand
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
27 March 2016
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
21 April 2016
Duration → 327 days
25 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
Collapse of CM Harish Rawat's ministry following a split in the state unit of Congress party. In the hearing of related case, Uttarakhand High Court declared the president's rule imposition by the President unconstitutional and restored the Harish Rawat's led government in the state.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
22 April 2016
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
11 May 2016
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
19 days
Duration → 327 days
Supreme Court of India held the stay on Uttarakhand High Court's verdict thus reinstating the president's rule in the state.
West Bengal
West Bengal
State → Andhra Pradesh
West Bengal
Term → 1
1
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
20 February 1968
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
25 February 1969
Duration → 327 days
1 year, 5 days
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule → Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
State placed under president's rule following collapse of two successive short lived coalition governments.
2
2
State → Andhra Pradesh
2
Term → 1
19 March 1970
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
2 April 1971
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
1 year, 14 days
Duration → 327 days
Collapse of United Front Coalition between Bangla Congress and CPI(M).
3
3
State → Andhra Pradesh
3
Term → 1
29 June 1971
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
20 March 1972
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
265 days
Duration → 327 days
Collapse of Democratic Coalition following split in Bangla Congress.
4
4
State → Andhra Pradesh
4
Term → 1
30 April 1977
Date of imposition → 18 January 1973
21 June 1977
Date of revocation → 10 December 1973
52 days
Duration → 327 days
Government dismissed in spite of Siddhartha Shankar Ray enjoying majority support in Assembly.
State
Term
Date of imposition
Date of revocation
Duration
Reason(s) to impose the President's rule
Andhra Pradesh
1
18 January 1973
10 December 1973
327 days
Breakdown of law & order due to Jai Andhra Agitation, in CM P. V. Narasimha Rao's tenure.
2
1 March 2014
8 June 2014
99 days
Political impasse following the resignation of CM Kiran Kumar Reddy and several other congress party legislators from the Government as well as the Party, in protest against Indian Parliament passing Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill to bifurcate united Andhra Pradesh and create a separate Telangana state. President's rule revoked from Telangana areas on 2 June 2014 and bifurcated Andhra Pradesh areas on 8 June 2014. President rule reimposed unlawfully by the President after the two months time limit without taking approval of the Parliament under Article 356.
Andhra State
1
15 November 1954
28 March 1955
133 days
Loss of majority.
Arunachal Pradesh
1
3 November 1979
18 January 1980
76 days
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment during Janata party rule at the centre.
2
25 January 2016
19 February 2016
26 days
21 Congress MLAs joined hands with 11 of the BJP and two Independents, making the contemporary government a minority. Supreme Court declared the imposition of president rule as ultra vires and reinstated the dismissed Congress led government in the state. In a landmark judgement, it found fault with the unconstitutional role played by the Governor by interfering in the activities of legislatures and speaker of the Vidhan Sabha
Assam
1
12 December 1979
6 December 1980
360 days
'Assam Agitation' against illegal foreign nationals staying in Assam started to take roots under the leadership of the All Assam Students' Union (AASU). The violence fuelled by United Liberation Front of Asom (ULFA) resulted in breakdown of law and order.
2
30 June 1981
13 January 1982
197 days
Congress (I) government led by Anwara Taimur representing immigrant minorities collapsed following intensification of 'Assam Agitation' against illegal foreign national staying in Assam.
3
19 March 1982
27 February 1983
345 days
Congress (I) government led by Kesab Gogoi representing ethnic Asom people collapsed following continued violence in Assam.
4
28 November 1990
30 June 1991
214 days
Government dismissed in spite of AGP CM Prafulla Mahanta enjoying majority support in Assembly. The dismissal was triggered apparently by the threat to internal security due to banned organisation ULFA's activities. During the president's rule, Operation Bajrang was launched to flush out ULFA militants.
Bihar
1
29 June 1968
26 February 1969
242 days
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment.
2
4 July 1969
16 February 1970
227 days
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment due to split in ruling Congress party
3
9 January 1972
19 March 1972
70 days
Loss of majority following defections in a fluid political environment.
4
30 April 1977
24 June 1977
55 days
Government dismissed in spite of Jagannath Mishra enjoying majority support in Assembly.
5
17 February 1980
8 June 1980
112 days
Government dismissed in spite of Ram Sundar Das enjoying majority support in Assembly.
6
28 March 1995
4 April 1995
7 days
President's rule imposed for a brief period of one week to facilitate passage of vote on account (to permit day-to-day government expenses in Bihar) by Parliament while awaiting the results of Assembly elections held during the Chief Ministership of Lalu Prasad.
7
12 February 1999
8 March 1999
24 days
Breakdown of law and order, killings of 11 Dalits at Narayanpur. The Vajpayee Government, revoked the president's rule within 26 days since the coalition did not have a majority in the Rajya Sabha.
8
7 March 2005
24 November 2005
262 days
Indecisive outcome of elections. In a landmark judgement, Supreme Court ruled that the imposition of the president's rule without giving the chance to the elected legislatures to form new government is unconstitutional and mala fide act by the president.
Delhi
1
16 February 2014
14 February 2015
363 days
Arvind Kejriwal resigned as Chief Minister after failing to table the Jan Lokpal Bill in the Delhi Assembly.
Goa
1
14 December 1990
25 January 1991
42 days
resigned consequent upon his disqualification by High Court – No other Government found viable.
2
10 February 1999
9 June 1999
119 days
Loss of majority and no alternate claimant to form next government.
3
4 March 2005
7 June 2005
95 days
Government dismissed after controversial confidence vote secured in the Assembly by CM Pratap Sinh Rane.
Goa, Daman and Diu
1
3 December 1966
5 April 1967
123 days
The Union Territory of Goa's Assembly was dissolved to conduct an opinion poll to determine whether Goa should be merged with Maharashtra.
2
27 April 1979
16 January 1980
264 days
Loss of majority following split in the ruling MGP Party.
Gujarat
1
13 May 1971
17 March 1972
309 days
Loss of majority following vertical split in Congress during 1969 presidential election.
2
9 February 1974
18 June 1975
1 year, 129 days
Chimanbhai Patel led Congress government resigned due to Navnirman Movement Anti-Corruption protests. The protesters forced MLA's resignations, forcing dissolution of assembly.
3
12 March 1976
24 December 1976
287 days
"Non-Passage" of budget leading to collapse of government.
4
17 February 1980
7 June 1980
111 days
Government dismissed in spite of Babubhai J Patel enjoying majority support in the Assembly
5
19 September 1996
23 October 1996
34 days
Government dismissed following a controversial confidence vote. The Assembly was placed in suspended animation, which led to subsequent installation of Vaghela government, supported by Congress.
Haryana
1
2 November 1967
21 May 1968
182 days
Government dismissed in spite of having a tenuous majority.
2
30 April 1977
21 June 1977
52 days
Government dismissed in spite of B D Gupta enjoying majority support in Assembly.
3
6 April 1991
23 June 1991
78 days
Rebellion in the ruling party.
Himachal Pradesh
1
30 April 1977
22 June 1977
53 days
Government dismissed in spite of Thakur Ram Lal enjoying majority support in Assembly.
2
15 December 1992
3 December 1993
353 days
Government dismissed in the aftermath of the destruction of Babri Masjid-Ram Janmasthan in Uttar Pradesh.
Jammu and Kashmir (State)
1
27 March 1977
9 July 1977
104 days
Sheikh Abdullah led National Conference government bowed out after being reduced to a minority following withdrawal of support by the Congress Party.
2
7 March 1986
6 November 1986
244 days
Loss of majority.
3
19 January 1990
9 October 1996
6 years, 264 days
Increased Militancy, Exodus of Kashmiri Hindus & breakdown of law & order
5
10 July 2008
5 January 2009
179 days
Loss of majority following collapse of coalition. CM Gulam Nabi Azad's decision to transfer land for Amarnath pilgrimage led to PDP pulling out of coalition Govt.
6
9 January 2015
1 March 2015
51 days
Failure of Government formation after fractured verdict in Assembly elections. BJP & PDP reached an understanding to form an alliance to form Government in J&K.
7
8 January 2016
4 April 2016
87 days
Death of chief minister Mufti Mohammad Sayeed.
8
19 June 2018
30 October 2019
1 year, 133 days
Resignation of the Chief Minister following loss of coalition partner. On 31 October 2019, Jammu and Kashmir state was split into two union territories, UT of Jammu and Kashmir and UT of Ladakh.
Jammu and Kashmir(Union Territory)
1
31 October 2019
13 October 2024
4 years, 348 days
Imposed under section 73 of Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019 (Article 356 does not apply to Union Territories)
Jharkhand
1
19 January 2009
30 December 2009
345 days
Political instability due to CM Shibu Soren's resignation following defeat in Tamar bypolls.
2
1 June 2010
11 September 2010
102 days
Loss of majority.
3
18 January 2013
13 July 2013
176 days
Loss of majority BJP's ruling coalition partner JMM withdrew its support to the government pushing it into a minority. Chief Minister Arjun Munda resigned and sought dissolution of the state Assembly.
Karnataka
1
27 March 1971
20 March 1972
359 days
Loss of majority.
2
31 December 1977
27 February 1978
58 days
Government dismissed in spite of Congress CM Devraj Urs enjoying majority support in Assembly.
3
21 April 1989
30 November 1989
223 days
Loss of majority of CM S. R. Bommai, followed by dissolution of Assembly. On an appeal by S. R. Bommai, in a landmark judgement delivered in 1994, the Indian Supreme Court laid out the procedure to be followed before dissolving an elected assembly. The historic ruling in this case reduced the scope for misuse of Article 356 by future central governments and governors.
4
10 October 1990
17 October 1990
7 days
Government of Veerendra Patil dismissed by Prime Minister V. P. Singh and state was placed under president's rule with the assembly placed in suspended animation until next chief Minister was elected.
5
9 October 2007
12 November 2007
34 days
Loss of majority.

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