Pound sterling

References

1. Scotland and Northern Ireland only
2. Historically, 'sterling' was the name of the currency and the pound (or, for centuries, the silver penny) were its units
3. "Anglo-Saxon King Offa is credited with introducing the system of money to central and southern England in the latter ha
4. For example, Vitalis records that sometime after 1078, the Archbishop of Canterbury sent "XL libras sterilensium" [forty
5. £50 in 1966 is about £1176 in 2023.
6. The full‑stop here is not a decimal point, but a unit separator like the full‑stops separating the pound, shilling, and
7. "Our banknotes"
   https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/banknotes
8. "Inflation and price indices"
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10. Canadian Oxford Dictionary
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52. The British Museum
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53. The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England
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55. BBC News
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56. The Royal Mint Museum
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57. "Coins of the Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain"
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61. MA-Shops
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62. The History of Currency, 1252–1894: Being an Account of the Gold and Silver Moneys and Monetary Standards of Europe and America, Together with an Examination of the Effects of Currency and Exchange Phenomena on Commercial and National Progress and Well-being
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63. "The Vierlander, a precursor of the Euro. A first step towards monetary unification"
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64. "Burgundian Double Patards In Late Medieval England"
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65. "A medieval silver coin; a double petard of Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, Count of Flanders (1467–1477)"
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66. One problem cited was the importation of the galley halfpence or Venetian soldino whose silver content was 0.3 gram or o
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67. "The big problem of large bills: The Bank of Amsterdam and the origins of central banking (Working Paper, No. 2005-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA)"
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70. The Fall of the Asante Empire: The Hundred-Year War For Africa's Gold Coast
71. British Numismatic Journal
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72. Journal of World History
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73. British Numismatic Journal
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74. "William and Mary, 1694: An Act for granting to theire Majesties severall Rates and Duties upon Tunnage of Shipps and Vessells and upon Beere Ale and other Liquors... [Chapter XX. Rot. Parl. pt. 4. nu. 3.]"
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75. Rampant Scotland
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76. "Early banknotes"
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77. www.lloydsbankinggroup.com
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78. Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies
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79. Coin
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80. The relevant enabling acts were the Coinage Act, 1926 Archived 8 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine and the Currency A
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81. "The Central Bank of Barbados: Students' Centre – Money: Bits and Pieces"
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82. Around the World in Seventy-Two Days
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83. "Investment - World Gold Council"
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84. MeasuringWorth
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85. The Economic World
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86. The lights that failed : European international history, 1919–1933
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87. The pound sterling : A history of English money
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88. The Board of Trade Journal, 7 January 1932
89. A History of the Canadian Dollar Archived 27 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine, p. 51.
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90. Spokesman-Review
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91. Spokesman-Review
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95. Hansard Parliamentary Papers, HC Deb, 5 April 1853, vol 125, cc595–96
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97. Hansard Parliamentary Papers, HC Deb, 12 June 1855, vol 138, cc1867–909
98. Hansard Parliamentary Papers, HC Deb, 23 July 1857, vol 147, cc304–29
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100. Ma Tak Wo 2004, Illustrated Catalogue of Hong Kong Currency, Ma Tak Wo Numismatic Co., Ltd. Kowloon, Hong Kong.ISBN 962-
101. Howard M. Berlin, The Coins and Banknotes of Palestine Under the British Mandate, 1927–1947 (Jefferson: McFarland, 2001)
102. Hansard Parliamentary Papers, HL, Deb 10 March 1966, vol 273, cc1211–16
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104. Economic Affairs
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105. "The Cabinet Papers – Global oil shortage"
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106. The Wall Street Journal
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107. Goodbye, Great Britain: The 1976 IMF Crisis
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108. "GBP Forecast to See Support at 1.40 v US Dollar, But 1983 Lows a Step Too Far"
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109. The Observer
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110. An Exchange Rate History of the United Kingdom: 1945–1992
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111. Making a Modern Central Bank: The Bank of England 1979–2003
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114. BBC News
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115. The Times
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116. The Times
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117. The Daily Telegraph
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118. BBC News
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119. "ECB welcomes ratification of agreement on orderly UK withdrawal from European Union"
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120. "ECB's subscribed capital to remain steady after Bank of England leaves the European System of Central Banks"
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121. BBC News
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122. FXGraph: Graphical Display of Currency Rates Archived 7 July 2006 at the Wayback Machine OANDA.COM
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123. "GBPUSD=X: Basic Chart for GBP/USD – Yahoo! Finance"
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124. "ECB ratings: Pound sterling in Euros"
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125. BBC News
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126. "Historical rates"
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128. CNN
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129. The Times
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130. "Bank of England, Asset Purchase Facility – Results"
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131. Exchange Rates UK – Live Coverage of the British Pound & Other G10 Currencies
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135. BBC News
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136. The Guardian
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137. "Inflation and price indices"
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138. The New Pound Coin
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139. "Notes recently withdrawn from circulation"
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140. Wired UK
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141. BBC News
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142. "Security by Design – A closer look at Bank of England notes"
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144. "Scottish and Northern Ireland banknotes"
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145. "Act of Parliament gives devolved responsibility to the MPC with reserve powers for the Treasury"
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146. Royal Mint
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147. The Royal Mint Museum
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148. The Guardian
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149. www.discoveringireland.com
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150. "Foreign travel advice: Gibraltar"
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151. "100 Falkland Island Pounds to GBP"
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152. "Foreign travel advice: Falkland Islands"
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153. Liverpool Echo
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154. "British Royal Mint – What are the legal tender amounts acceptable for the United Kingdom coins?"
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155. "Other British Islands' Notes"
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156. "Can I use coinage from United Kingdom Overseas Territories?"
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157. Inflation: the value of the pound 1750–2005
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158. Economic Trends
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159. "Measuring Worth – Purchasing Power of Money in the United Kingdom from 1971 to 2009"
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