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Pope Gregory I

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Pope Gregory I

Pope Gregory I (Latin: Gregorius I; Gregorio I; c. 540 – 12 March 604), commonly known as Saint Gregory the Great (Latin: Sanctus Gregorius Magnus; Italian: San Gregorio Magno), was the 64th Bishop of Rome from 3 September 590 until his death on 12 March 604. He is known for instituting the first recorded large-scale mission from Rome, the Gregorian mission, to convert the then largely pagan Anglo-Saxons to Christianity. Gregory is also well known for his writings, which were more prolific than those of any of the previous popes. The epithet Saint Gregory the Dialogist has been attached to him in Eastern Christianity because of his Dialogues. English translations of Eastern texts sometimes list him as Gregory "Dialogos" from the Greek διάλογος (dialogos, conversation), or the Anglo-Latinate equivalent "Dialogus". He is the second of the three Popes listed in the Annuario Pontificio with the title "the Great", alongside Popes Leo I and Nicholas I. A Roman senator's son, and himself the prefect of Rome at 30, Gregory lived in a monastery that he established on his family estate before becoming a papal ambassador and then pope. Before becoming Pope, he challenged the theological views of Patriarch Eutychius of Constantinople before the emperor Tiberius II. Although he was the first pope from a monastic background, his prior political experiences may have helped him to be a talented administrator. During his papacy, his administration greatly surpassed that of the emperors Maurice and Theodosius in improving the welfare of the people of Rome. Gregory regained papal authority in Spain and France and sent missionaries to England, including Augustine of Canterbury and Paulinus of York. The realignment of barbarian allegiance to Rome from their Arian Christian alliances shaped medieval Europe. Gregory saw Franks, Lombards, and Visigoths align with Rome in religion. He also combated the Donatist heresy, popular particularly in North Africa at the time. Throughout the Middle Ages, he was known as "the Father of Christian Worship" because of his exceptional efforts in revising the Roman worship of his day. His contributions to the development of the Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts, still in use in the Byzantine Rite, were so significant that he is generally recognized as its de facto author. Gregory is honored, along with Augustine, Jerome and Ambrose, as one of the four Great Latin Church Fathers, and is a Doctor of the Church. He is considered a saint in the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, various Lutheran denominations, and other Protestant denominations. Immediately after his death, Gregory was canonized by popular acclaim. John Calvin, a Protestant reformer, admired Gregory greatly, and declared in his Institutes that Gregory was the last good pope. Gregory is the patron saint of musicians and teachers.

Infobox

Church
Chalcedonian Christianity
Papacy began
3 September 590
Papacy ended
12 March 604
Predecessor
Pelagius II
Successor
Sabinian
Consecration
3 September 590
Born
c. 540Rome, Italy, Eastern Roman Empire
Died
12 March 604 (aged 63–64)Rome, Italy, Eastern Roman Empire
Buried
St. Peter's Basilica (1606)
Residence
Rome
Parents
GordianusSilvia
Feast day
mw- 3 September (Latin Church)12 March (Eastern Orthodox Church, Latin Church pre-1969, Eastern Churches, Anglicanism, Lutheranism)
Venerated in
Catholic ChurchEastern Orthodox ChurchAnglicanismLutheranism
Canonized
12 March 604
Attributes
Papal tiaraPapal vestmentsPapal crossbookquill
Patronage
Musicians, singers, students, and teachers

Tables

· External links
Preceded byPelagius II
Preceded byPelagius II
Catholic Church titles
Preceded byPelagius II
Catholic Church titles
Pope 590–604
Catholic Church titles
Succeeded bySabinian
Catholic Church titles
Preceded byPelagius II
Pope 590–604
Succeeded bySabinian

References

  1. Gregory had come to be known as 'the Great' by the late ninth century, a title which is still applied to him. See Moorhe
  2. Gregory mentions in Dialogue 3.2 that he was alive when Totila attempted to murder Carbonius, Bishop of Populonia, proba
  3. The translator goes on to state that "Paulus Diaconus, who first writ the life of St. Gregory, and is followed by all th
  4. The name is biblical, derived from New Testament contexts: grēgorein is a present, continuous aspect, meaning to be watc
  5. Whether III or IV depends on whether Antipope Felix II is to be considered pope.
  6. The dictionary account is apparently based on Bede, Book II, Chapter 1, who used the expression "...impalpable, of finer
  7. "Palpate et videte, quia spiritus carnem et ossa non-habet, sicut me videtis habere, or "touch me, and look; a spirit ha
    https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%2024:39&version=nrsv
  8. Later these deacons became cardinals and from the oratories attached to the buildings grew churches.
  9. "Hanc vero quam Lucas peccatricem mulierem, Ioannes Mariam nominat, illam esse Mariam credimus de qua Marcus septem daem
  10. For the various literary accounts, see Anonymous Monk of Whitby 1985, p. 157, n. 110
  11. The earliest life written a generation earlier than Bede at Whitby relates the same story but in it the English are mere
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  15. Ekonomou, 2007, p. 22.
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  21. Cross & Livingstone 2005, p. 710.
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  75. Cantor (1993) page 157.
  76. John 12:1–8
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  77. Luke 7:36–50; Matthew 26:6–13; Mark 14:3–9
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  78. Luke 7:37
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  79. John 12:3
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