-
The question of how many natural elements there are is quite complicated and is not fully resolved. The heaviest element
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Some isotopes currently considered stable are theoretically expected to be radioactive with extremely long half-lives: f
-
The half-life of plutonium's most stable isotope is just long enough that it should also be a primordial element. A 1971
-
Tiny traces of plutonium are also continually brought to Earth via cosmic rays.
-
See for example the periodic table poster sold by Sigma-Aldrich.
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Strictly speaking, one cannot draw an orbital such that the electron is guaranteed to be inside it, but it can be drawn
-
Authors differ on whether the n + ℓ rule has yet been derived from quantum mechanics. Scerri claims that it has not, des
-
Once two to four electrons are removed, the d and f orbitals usually become lower in energy than the s ones:
1s ≪ 2s < 2
-
In fact, electron configurations represent a first-order approximation: an atom really exists in a superposition of mult
-
Compounds that would use the 6d orbitals of nihonium as valence orbitals have been theoretically investigated, but they
-
Properties of the p-block elements nevertheless do affect the succeeding s-block elements. The 3s shell in sodium is abo
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There are many lower oxides as well: for example, phosphorus in group 15 forms two oxides, P2O3 and P2O5.
-
The normally "forbidden" intermediate oxidation states may be stabilized by forming dimers, as in [Cl3Ga–GaCl3]2− (galli
-
The boundary between dispersion forces and metallic bonding is gradual, like that between ionic and covalent bonding. Ch
-
All this describes the situation at standard pressure. Under sufficiently high pressure, the band gaps of any solid drop
-
Descriptions of the structures formed by the elements can be found throughout Greenwood and Earnshaw. There are two bord
-
See melting points of the elements (data page). The same is probably true of francium, but due to its extreme instabilit
-
See lists of metalloids. For example, a periodic table used by the American Chemical Society includes polonium as a meta
-
Demkov and Ostrovsky consider the potential
U
1
-
For example, the early actinides continue to behave more like the d-block transition metals in their propensity towards
-
Technetium, promethium, astatine, neptunium, and plutonium were eventually discovered to occur in nature as well, albeit
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