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Patagonia

Updated: Wikipedia source

Patagonia

Patagonia (Spanish pronunciation: [pataˈɣonja]) is a geographical region in southern South America that spans parts of Argentina and Chile. It includes the southern portion of the Andes mountain range, featuring lakes, fjords, temperate rainforests, and glaciers in the west, and deserts, tablelands, and steppes toward the east. The region is bounded by the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and several waterways that connect them, including the Strait of Magellan, the Beagle Channel, and the Drake Passage to the south. The northern limit of the region is not precisely defined; the Colorado and Barrancas rivers, which run from the Andes to the Atlantic, are commonly considered the northern limit of Argentine Patagonia; on this basis the extent of Patagonia could be defined as the provinces of Neuquén, Río Negro, Chubut and Santa Cruz, together with Patagones Partido in the far south of Buenos Aires Province. The archipelago of Tierra del Fuego is sometimes considered part of Patagonia. Most geographers and historians locate the northern limit of Chilean Patagonia at Huincul Fault, in Araucanía Region. When Spanish explorers first arrived, Patagonia was inhabited by several indigenous groups. In a small portion of northwestern Patagonia, some communities practiced limited agriculture, while in the remaining territory most peoples lived as hunter-gatherers—travelling on foot in the eastern plains and using dugout canoes and dalcas in the western fjords and channels. During the colonial period, the indigenous groups of northeastern Patagonia adopted a horseback-based nomadic lifestyle following the introduction of the horse. Although Spain claimed Patagonia and conducted early exploration and built a few small coastal settlements, the Spanish Crown was primarily concerned with preventing other European powers from establishing a presence in the region for strategic reasons. After gaining independence, both Chile and Argentina asserted sovereignty over the territories to their south and began to colonize their Patagonian claims throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries. This expansion led to a severe decline in indigenous populations, whose societies were disrupted by settling immigrants from Argentina, the Chiloé Archipelago, mainland Chile, and Europe. Indigenous resistance to the colonization was ultimately crushed by a series of military campaigns carried out by Argentina and Chile. The contemporary economy of Argentine Patagonia is largely based on sheep farming and the extraction of oil and natural gas, while in Chilean Patagonia the economy is dominated by fishing, salmon aquaculture, and tourism.

Infobox

Continent
South America
Country
Argentina Chile
Provinces of Argentina
Neuquén Río Negro Chubut Santa Cruz Tierra del Fuego
Regions of Chile
Los Lagos Palena Aysén Magallanes
• Total
1,999,540
• Density
1.91696/km2 (4.96492/sq mi)
Demonym
Patagonian
• Languages
Spanish (official)

Tables

· Population and land area › Argentine Patagonia
Tierra del Fuego Province
Tierra del Fuego Province
Name
Tierra del Fuego Province
Capital
Ushuaia
Area (km2)
21,571
Census 1991
69,369
Census 2000
101,079
Census 2010
127,205
Census 2022
185,732
Santa Cruz Province
Santa Cruz Province
Name
Santa Cruz Province
Capital
Río Gallegos
Area (km2)
243,943
Census 1991
159,839
Census 2000
196,958
Census 2010
273,964
Census 2022
337,226
Chubut Province
Chubut Province
Name
Chubut Province
Capital
Rawson
Area (km2)
224,686
Census 1991
357,189
Census 2000
413,237
Census 2010
509,108
Census 2022
592,621
Neuquén Province
Neuquén Province
Name
Neuquén Province
Capital
Neuquén
Area (km2)
94,078
Census 1991
388,833
Census 2000
474,155
Census 2010
551,266
Census 2022
710,814
Río Negro Province
Río Negro Province
Name
Río Negro Province
Capital
Viedma
Area (km2)
203,013
Census 1991
506,772
Census 2000
552,822
Census 2010
638,645
Census 2022
750,768
Patagones Partido (of Buenos Aires Province)
Patagones Partido (of Buenos Aires Province)
Name
Patagones Partido (of Buenos Aires Province)
Capital
Carmen de Patagones
Area (km2)
13,600
Census 1991
27,469
Census 2000
27,938
Census 2010
30,207
Census 2022
37,646
Totals
Totals
Name
Totals
Area (km2)
800,891
Census 1991
1,479,471
Census 2000
1,766,189
Census 2010
2,130,395
Census 2022
2,614,807
Name
Capital
Area (km2)
Census 1991
Census 2000
Census 2010
Census 2022
Tierra del Fuego Province
Ushuaia
21,571
69,369
101,079
127,205
185,732
Santa Cruz Province
Río Gallegos
243,943
159,839
196,958
273,964
337,226
Chubut Province
Rawson
224,686
357,189
413,237
509,108
592,621
Neuquén Province
Neuquén
94,078
388,833
474,155
551,266
710,814
Río Negro Province
Viedma
203,013
506,772
552,822
638,645
750,768
Patagones Partido (of Buenos Aires Province)
Carmen de Patagones
13,600
27,469
27,938
30,207
37,646
Totals
800,891
1,479,471
1,766,189
2,130,395
2,614,807
· Population and land area › Chilean Patagonia
Los Ríos Region
Los Ríos Region
Name
Los Ríos Region
Capital
Valdivia
Area (km2)
18,430
Census 1991
328,479
Census 2000
354,271
Census 2010
384,837
Census 2022
398,230
Los Lagos Region
Los Lagos Region
Name
Los Lagos Region
Capital
Puerto Montt
Area (km2)
48,584
Census 1991
616,682
Census 2000
712,039
Census 2010
828,708
Census 2022
890,284
Aysén Region (a)
Aysén Region (a)
Name
Aysén Region (a)
Capital
Coihaique
Area (km2)
108,494
Census 1991
78,666
Census 2000
89,986
Census 2010
103,158
Census 2022
100,745
Magallanes Region (b)
Magallanes Region (b)
Name
Magallanes Region (b)
Capital
Punta Arenas
Area (km2)
132,297
Census 1991
141,818
Census 2000
147,533
Census 2010
166,533
Census 2022
166,537
Totals
Totals
Name
Totals
Area (km2)
307,805
Census 1991
1,165,645
Census 2000
1,303,829
Census 2010
1,483,236
Census 2022
1,555,796
Name
Capital
Area (km2)
Census 1991
Census 2000
Census 2010
Census 2022
Los Ríos Region
Valdivia
18,430
328,479
354,271
384,837
398,230
Los Lagos Region
Puerto Montt
48,584
616,682
712,039
828,708
890,284
Aysén Region (a)
Coihaique
108,494
78,666
89,986
103,158
100,745
Magallanes Region (b)
Punta Arenas
132,297
141,818
147,533
166,533
166,537
Totals
307,805
1,165,645
1,303,829
1,483,236
1,555,796
· Population and land area › Largest cities
Neuquén
Neuquén
City
Neuquén
Population of city
287,787
Population of agglomeration
500,336 (a)
Province / Region
Neuquén Province
Country
Argentina
Comodoro Rivadavia
Comodoro Rivadavia
City
Comodoro Rivadavia
Population of city
201,854
Province / Region
Chubut Province
Puerto Montt
Puerto Montt
City
Puerto Montt
Population of city
171,136
Province / Region
Los Lagos Region
Country
Chile
Valdivia
Valdivia
City
Valdivia
Population of city
150,727
Province / Region
Los Ríos Region
Osorno
Osorno
City
Osorno
Population of city
147,826
Province / Region
Los Lagos Region
San Carlos de Bariloche
San Carlos de Bariloche
City
San Carlos de Bariloche
Population of city
134,978
Province / Region
Río Negro Province
Country
Argentina
Punta Arenas
Punta Arenas
City
Punta Arenas
Population of city
125,932
Province / Region
Magallanes Region
Country
Chile
Río Gallegos
Río Gallegos
City
Río Gallegos
Population of city
115,524
Province / Region
Santa Cruz Province
Country
Argentina
Trelew
Trelew
City
Trelew
Population of city
104,657
Province / Region
Chubut Province
General Roca
General Roca
City
General Roca
Population of city
102,750
Province / Region
Río Negro Province
Puerto Madryn
Puerto Madryn
City
Puerto Madryn
Population of city
97,625
Province / Region
Chubut Province
Río Grande
Río Grande
City
Río Grande
Population of city
97,611
Province / Region
Tierra del Fuego Province
Cipolletti
Cipolletti
City
Cipolletti
Population of city
95,524
Population of agglomeration
500,336 (a)
Province / Region
Río Negro Province
Ushuaia
Ushuaia
City
Ushuaia
Population of city
79,409
Province / Region
Tierra del Fuego Province
Viedma
Viedma
City
Viedma
Population of city
57,341
Population of agglomeration
83,323
Province / Region
Río Negro Province
Caleta Olivia
Caleta Olivia
City
Caleta Olivia
Population of city
56,310
Province / Region
Santa Cruz Province
Plottier
Plottier
City
Plottier
Population of city
52,291
Population of agglomeration
500,336 (a)
Province / Region
Neuquén Province
Coyhaique
Coyhaique
City
Coyhaique
Population of city
49,968
Province / Region
Aysén Region
Country
Chile
Cutral Có
Cutral Có
City
Cutral Có
Population of city
40,305
Population of agglomeration
56,225
Province / Region
Neuquén Province
Country
Argentina
Esquel
Esquel
City
Esquel
Population of city
36,624
Province / Region
Chubut Province
City
Population of city
Population of agglomeration
Province / Region
Country
Neuquén
287,787
500,336 (a)
Neuquén Province
Argentina
Comodoro Rivadavia
201,854
Chubut Province
Puerto Montt
171,136
Los Lagos Region
Chile
Valdivia
150,727
Los Ríos Region
Osorno
147,826
Los Lagos Region
San Carlos de Bariloche
134,978
Río Negro Province
Argentina
Punta Arenas
125,932
Magallanes Region
Chile
Río Gallegos
115,524
Santa Cruz Province
Argentina
Trelew
104,657
Chubut Province
General Roca
102,750
Río Negro Province
Puerto Madryn
97,625
Chubut Province
Río Grande
97,611
Tierra del Fuego Province
Cipolletti
95,524
500,336 (a)
Río Negro Province
Ushuaia
79,409
Tierra del Fuego Province
Viedma
57,341
83,323
Río Negro Province
Caleta Olivia
56,310
Santa Cruz Province
Plottier
52,291
500,336 (a)
Neuquén Province
Coyhaique
49,968
Aysén Region
Chile
Cutral Có
40,305
56,225
Neuquén Province
Argentina
Esquel
36,624
Chubut Province

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