| Congress | Dates | Democratic whip | Democratic leader | Majority | Republican leader | Republican whip |
| 63rd | May 28, 1913 – March 4, 1915 | J. Hamilton Lewis (Illinois) | None | Democratic ← majority | None | None |
| 64th | March 4, 1915 – December 6, 1915 |
| December 6, 1915 – December 13, 1915 | James Wadsworth (New York) |
| December 13, 1915 – March 4, 1917 | Charles Curtis (Kansas) |
| 65th | March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919 |
| 66th | March 4, 1919 – April 27, 1920 | Peter Gerry (Rhode Island) | Republican majority → | Henry Cabot Lodge (Massachusetts, Unofficial) |
| April 27, 1920 – March 4, 1921 | Oscar Underwood (Alabama) |
| 67th | March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923 |
| 68th | March 4, 1923 – December 3, 1923 |
| December 3, 1923 – November 9, 1924 | Joseph T. Robinson (Arkansas) |
| November 9, 1924 – March 4, 1925 | Charles Curtis (Kansas, Acting) | Wesley Jones (Washington, Acting) |
| 69th | March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1927 | Charles Curtis (Kansas) | Wesley Jones (Washington) |
| 70th | March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1929 |
| 71st | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931 | Morris Sheppard (Texas) | James E. Watson (Indiana) | Simeon Fess (Ohio) |
| 72nd | March 4, 1931 – March 4, 1933 |
| 73rd | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935 | J. Hamilton Lewis (Illinois) | Democratic ← majority | Charles L. McNary (Oregon) | Felix Hebert (Rhode Island) |
| 74th | January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1937 | None |
| 75th | January 3, 1937 – July 14, 1937 |
| July 14, 1937 – January 3, 1939 | Alben W. Barkley (Kentucky) |
| 76th | January 3, 1939 – April 9, 1939 |
| April 9, 1939 – January 3, 1940 | Sherman Minton (Indiana) |
| January 3, 1940 – January 3, 1941 | Warren Austin (Vermont, Acting) |
| 77th | January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943 | J. Lister Hill (Alabama) | Charles L. McNary (Oregon) |
| 78th | January 3, 1943 – February 25, 1944 | Kenneth Wherry (Nebraska) |
| February 25, 1944 – January 3, 1945 | Wallace H. White (Maine, Acting) |
| 79th | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 | Wallace H. White (Maine) |
| 80th | January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949 | Scott W. Lucas (Illinois) | Republican majority → |
| 81st | January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951 | Francis Myers (Pennsylvania) | Scott W. Lucas (Illinois) | Democratic ← majority | Kenneth S. Wherry (Nebraska) | Leverett Saltonstall (Massachusetts) |
| 82nd | January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1952 | Lyndon B. Johnson (Texas) | Ernest McFarland (Arizona) |
| January 3, 1952 – January 3, 1953 | Styles Bridges (New Hampshire) |
| 83rd | January 3, 1953 – July 31, 1953 | Earle Clements (Kentucky) | Lyndon B. Johnson (Texas) | Republican majority → | Robert A. Taft (Ohio) |
| August 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955 | William Knowland (California) |
| 84th | January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1957 | Democratic ← majority |
| 85th | January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1959 | Mike Mansfield (Montana) | Everett Dirksen (Illinois) |
| 86th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961 | Everett Dirksen (Illinois) | Thomas Kuchel (California) |
| 87th | January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963 | Hubert Humphrey (Minnesota) | Mike Mansfield (Montana) |
| 88th | January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965 |
| 89th | January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1967 | Russell Long (Louisiana) |
| 90th | January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1969 |
| 91st | January 3, 1969 – September 7, 1969 | Ted Kennedy (Massachusetts) | Hugh Scott (Pennsylvania) |
| September 24, 1969 – January 3, 1971 | Hugh Scott (Pennsylvania) | Robert Griffin (Michigan) |
| 92nd | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973 | Robert Byrd (West Virginia) |
| 93rd | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975 |
| 94th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1977 |
| 95th | January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1979 | Alan Cranston (California) | Robert Byrd (West Virginia) | Howard Baker (Tennessee) | Ted Stevens (Alaska) |
| 96th | January 3, 1979 – November 1, 1979 |
| November 1, 1979 – March 5, 1980 | Ted Stevens (Alaska, Acting) |
| March 5, 1980 – January 3, 1981 | Howard Baker (Tennessee) |
| 97th | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983 | Republican majority → |