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U.S. Senate: Party Divisions
https://www.senate.gov/history/partydiv.htm -
The Anti-Administration Party was not a formal political party but rather a faction opposed to the policies of Treasury
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The Pro-Administration Party was not a formal political party but rather a faction supportive of the policies of Treasur
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Though Washington never formally joined a party, he was broadly sympathetic to what was later called the “Pro-Administra
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Washington disapproved of formal political parties and refused to join either party, though he became a symbol of the Fe
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Congressional Record
https://www.congress.gov/senate-journal/congress-7-special-1.pdf -
The Democratic-Republican Party broke up into two competing parties during the 1820s, but there is no official date of d
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Adams won election as a Democratic-Republican, but he sought re-election as a National Republican.
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Jacksonian control of the Senate was through plurality.
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Jackson had a trifecta through a Senate that was controlled by plurality.
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In the first congressional session the Senate remained under control of “National Republicans” for one year; before the
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Jackson did not have a trifecta during the first congressional session when the Senate remained under control of “Nation
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Whig president William Henry Harrison died April 4, 1841, one month into his term, and was succeeded by John Tyler, who
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Whigs held their only trifecta from March 4, 1841, until later that year when the Whigs expelled Tyler from the party on
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Whigs controlled the House through a plurality in the 2nd half of the 1st congressional session; for the remainder of th
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The Democrats held the House through a plurality.
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President Taylor died July 9, 1850, about one year and four months into the term, and was succeeded by Millard Fillmore,
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The "Opposition Party" was the congressional coalition formed by former Whigs and members of the nascent Republican Part
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The Republicans controlled the House through a coalition with other Opposition parties.
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President Lincoln was assassinated and died April 15, 1865, about a month after beginning his second term as president.
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The Republicans controlled the House through a coalition with Unconditional Unionists.
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The Republicans held a trifecta by controlling the House through a coalition with Unconditional Unionists.
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Johnson was elected as vice president on the National Union ticket, but was a Democrat prior to the 1864 election.
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Republicans held a trifecta until Lincoln's assassination on April 15, 1685, after which the former War Democrat Andrew
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Republicans controlled the Senate through the tie-breaking vice president.
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Democrats controlled the House through a coalition with Independent Democrats.
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Senate.gov
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Senate_Deadlock_1881.htm -
Republicans controlled the House through a plurality that eventually became a majority in the middle of the first congre
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James A. Garfield died September 23, 1881, roughly six months into his term. He was succeeded by Chester Arthur, who ser
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Republicans controlled the Senate through a caucus with Readjusters.
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Republicans controlled the Senate through a continued caucus with Readjusters.
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Democrats controlled the Senate through a plurality.
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Democrats held a trifecta by controlling the Senate through a plurality.
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Republicans controlled the Senate through a plurality.
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McKinley died September 14, 1901, about six months into his second term, and was succeeded by Theodore Roosevelt. Roosev
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Republicans held a trifecta by controlling the Senate through a plurality.
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The Democratic Party controlled the House in coalition with the Progressive Party and the Socialist Party. The lone cong
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Democrats held a trifecta through a coalition-led House majority with Progressive members and a Socialist member.
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President Harding died August 2, 1923, about two years and five months after becoming president, and was succeeded by vi
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At the end of the first month of the first session of Congress, Republicans gained control of the Senate through a VP-ti
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Republicans controlled a trifecta through a VP-tie-breaking majority in the Senate that began at the end of the first mo
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Republicans controlled the Senate through a VP-tie-breaking majority.
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Before Congress’ first session, Democrats gained the House majority, and they held that majority for the entire remainde
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Roosevelt died April 12, 1945, about three months into his fourth term as president, and was succeeded by Harry S. Truma
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Republicans controlled the Senate for the first congressional session through a VP-tie-breaking majority (1953), then co
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According to the 20th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the new session of Congress begins on the 3rd of January, whil
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Republicans held a trifecta by controlling the Senate for the first congressional session through a VP-tie-breaking majo
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Democrats controlled the Senate for one year through a caucus with an independent, before the independent joined the Dem
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Kennedy died November 22, 1963, about two years and ten months into the term, and was succeeded by Lyndon B. Johnson. Jo
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According to the 20th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the new session of Congress begins on the 3rd of January, whil
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Nixon resigned August 9, 1974, about a year and seven months into his second term as president, and was succeeded by Ger
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According to the 20th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the new session of Congress begins on the 3rd of January, whil
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In the 96th, 97th, and 98th Congresses, the only Conservative member of the House, William Carney of New York, caucused
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Carney was elected as a Conservative but caucused with Republicans until October 1985, when he joined the Republican Par
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In the 102nd through 109th Congresses, Independent Bernie Sanders of Vermont's at-large congressional district caucused
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In the 102nd through 109th Congresses, Independent Bernie Sanders of Vermont caucused with the Democratic Party. Indepen
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The Democratic Party controlled the Senate in the 107th Congress from January 3 to January 20, 2001 (50-50 tie with Demo
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The Republican Party controlled the Senate in the 107th Congress from January 20, 2001 (50-50 tie with Republican vice p
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In the 107th Congress (after May 24, 2001), and in the 108th Congress and 109th Congress, Independent Jim Jeffords of Ve
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In the 102nd through 109th Congresses, Independent Bernie Sanders of Vermont caucused with the Democratic Party. Indepen
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Republicans only held a trifecta from January 20 until May 24, 2001, when Senator Jim Jeffords left the Republican Party
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Two independent members of the Senate caucused with the Democratic Party, and thus are considered to be a part of the Se
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From January 27 to April 28, 2009, when Senator Arlen Specter (R-Pennsylvania) joined the Democratic caucus, there were
https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CDIR-2011-12-01/html/CDIR-2011-12-01-STATISTICALINFORMATION-5.htm -
From January 3 to April 28, 2009, prior to Senator Arlen Specter's switch to the Democratic Party, there were 41 Republi
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Two independent members of the Senate caucused with the Democratic Party, and thus are considered to be a part of the Se
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The Democratic Party took control of the Senate in the 117th Congress with the swearing in of Democratic senators Raphae
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The Republican Party controlled the Senate in the 117th Congress from January 3 to January 20, 2021.
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In the 117th Congress, Angus King and Bernie Sanders continued to serve as Independent Democrats, and Democratic senator
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Due to Democrats Jon Ossoff and Raphael Warnock (who defeated Republicans David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler in the Georgia
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In the 118th Congress, Angus King, Bernie Sanders, and Kyrsten Sinema continued to serve as Independent Democrats, and D
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During the 118th Congress, George Santos (R-NY3) was expelled by a vote of 311 to 114 on the first of December, 2023.
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Fox News
https://www.foxnews.com/politics/matt-gaetz-resigns-from-congress-over-trump-nod-attorney-general-johnson-says -
NBC News
https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/jd-vance/vance-resign-senate-seat-inauguration-trump-rcna187036 -
The beginning of Lincoln's second term and of George W. Bush's first term began with a trifecta for the Republican Party
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The beginning of William Harrison's term began as a trifecta for the Whigs. It continued after Harrison's death when Tyl
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The Democrats and Republicans shared control of the Senate in the 47th United States Congress. In the middle of the 107t
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During the 27th Congress, the Whigs expelled the sitting president, John Tyler, from their party. Tyler governed as an i
