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Pamir Mountains

Updated: Wikipedia source

Pamir Mountains

The Pamir Mountains are a range of mountains between Central Asia and South Asia. They are located at a junction with other notable mountains, namely the Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, Hindu Kush and the Himalaya mountain ranges. They are among the world's highest mountains. Much of the range lies in the Gorno-Badakhshan region of Tajikistan. Spanning the border parts of four countries, to the south, they border the Hindu Kush mountains along Afghanistan's Wakhan Corridor in Badakhshan Province, Chitral and Gilgit-Baltistan regions of Pakistan. To the north, they join the Tian Shan mountains along the Alay Valley of Kyrgyzstan. To the east, they extend to the range that includes China's Kongur Tagh, in the "Eastern Pamirs", separated by the Yarkand valley from the Kunlun Mountains.

Since the Victorian era, they have been known as the "Roof of the World", presumably a translation from Persian.

Infobox

Peak
Kongur Tagh
Countries
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li TajikistanKyrgyzstanAfghanistanChinaPakistan
Elevation
7,649 m (25,095 ft)
Coordinates
mw- 38°35′39″N 75°18′48″E / 38.59417°N 75.31333°E / 38.59417; 75.31333
States/Provinces
Gorno-BadakhshanOsh RegionWakhanChitralGilgit BaltistanXinjiang[A]
Range coordinates
38°30′N 73°30′E / 38.5°N 73.5°E / 38.5; 73.5

Tables

· Geography › Mountain
Qoʻngʻir Tog (Uzbek)قوڭۇر تاغ (Uyghur)Хонгор Таг (Mongolian)ཀོང་གེལ་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)公格尔峰 (Chinese)
Qoʻngʻir Tog (Uzbek)قوڭۇر تاغ (Uyghur)Хонгор Таг (Mongolian)ཀོང་གེལ་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)公格尔峰 (Chinese)
Native name(s)
Qoʻngʻir Tog (Uzbek)قوڭۇر تاغ (Uyghur)Хонгор Таг (Mongolian)ཀོང་གེལ་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)公格尔峰 (Chinese)
Translated name(s)
Kongur (Kungur Tagh)
Height in meters
7,649
Coord.
(38°35′36″N 75°18′45″E / 38.593428°N 75.312560°E / 38.593428; 75.312560 (Kongur))
Sub-range
Kongur Shan
Country
China
مۇزتاغ ئاتا (Uyghur)Muztog Ota (Uzbek)མུཛ་ཏག་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)慕士塔格峰 (Chinese)
مۇزتاغ ئاتا (Uyghur)Muztog Ota (Uzbek)མུཛ་ཏག་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)慕士塔格峰 (Chinese)
Native name(s)
مۇزتاغ ئاتا (Uyghur)Muztog Ota (Uzbek)མུཛ་ཏག་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)慕士塔格峰 (Chinese)
Translated name(s)
Muztagh Ata
Height in meters
7,546
Coord.
(38°16′33″N 75°06′58″E / 38.275855°N 75.1161°E / 38.275855; 75.1161 (Muztagata))
Sub-range
Muztagh Ata Massif
Country
China
قوڭۇر تۆپە (Uyghur)公格尔九别峰 (Chinese)
قوڭۇر تۆپە (Uyghur)公格尔九别峰 (Chinese)
Native name(s)
قوڭۇر تۆپە (Uyghur)公格尔九别峰 (Chinese)
Translated name(s)
Kongur Jiubie (Kungur Tjube Tagh)
Height in meters
7,530
Coord.
(38°36′57″N 75°11′45″E / 38.615833°N 75.195833°E / 38.615833; 75.195833 (Kungur Tjube Tagh))
Sub-range
Kongur Shan
Country
China
Пик Исмои́ла Сомони́ (Russian)Қуллаи Исмоили Сомонӣ (Tajik)
Пик Исмои́ла Сомони́ (Russian)Қуллаи Исмоили Сомонӣ (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Исмои́ла Сомони́ (Russian)Қуллаи Исмоили Сомонӣ (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Ismoil Somoni Peak (formerly Communism Peak, Stalin Peak)
Height in meters
7,495
Coord.
(38°56′36″N 72°00′57″E / 38.943422°N 72.015803°E / 38.943422; 72.015803 (Ismoil Somoni Peak))
Sub-range
Academy of Sciences Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Ленина (Russian)Ленин Чокусу (Kyrgyz)Қуллаи Ленин (former name)Қуллаи Абӯалӣ ибни Сино (Tajik)
Пик Ленина (Russian)Ленин Чокусу (Kyrgyz)Қуллаи Ленин (former name)Қуллаи Абӯалӣ ибни Сино (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Ленина (Russian)Ленин Чокусу (Kyrgyz)Қуллаи Ленин (former name)Қуллаи Абӯалӣ ибни Сино (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Lenin Peak (new name: Abu Ali Ibn Sino Peak; formerly Kaufmann Peak)
Height in meters
7,134
Coord.
(39°20′37″N 72°52′39″E / 39.343724°N 72.877536°E / 39.343724; 72.877536 (Pik Lenin))
Sub-range
Trans-Alay Range
Country
Tajikistan,  Kyrgyzstan
Пик Корженевской/Озоди (Russian)Қуллаи Корженевская/Озоди (Tajik)
Пик Корженевской/Озоди (Russian)Қуллаи Корженевская/Озоди (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Корженевской/Озоди (Russian)Қуллаи Корженевская/Озоди (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Peak Ozodi
Height in meters
7,105
Coord.
(39°03′26″N 72°00′35″E / 39.057317°N 72.00983°E / 39.057317; 72.00983 (Peak Korzhenevskaya))
Sub-range
Academy of Sciences Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Независимости (Russian)Қуллаи Истиқлол (Tajik)
Пик Независимости (Russian)Қуллаи Истиқлол (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Независимости (Russian)Қуллаи Истиқлол (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Independence Peak (also Qullai Istiqlol, formerly Revolution Peak, Dreispitz)
Height in meters
6,940
Coord.
(38°30′36″N 72°21′15″E / 38.51°N 72.354167°E / 38.51; 72.354167 (Independence Peak))
Sub-range
Yazgulem Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Россия (Russian)Қуллаи Россия (Tajik)
Пик Россия (Russian)Қуллаи Россия (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Россия (Russian)Қуллаи Россия (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Russia Peak
Height in meters
6,875
Coord.
(38°53′46″N 72°01′44″E / 38.896°N 72.029°E / 38.896; 72.029 (Russia Peak))
Sub-range
Academy of Sciences Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Москва (Russian)Қуллаи Москва (Tajik)
Пик Москва (Russian)Қуллаи Москва (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Москва (Russian)Қуллаи Москва (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Moscow Peak
Height in meters
6,785
Coord.
(38°56′55″N 71°50′04″E / 38.948563°N 71.8344°E / 38.948563; 71.8344 (Moscow Peak))
Sub-range
Peter I Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Карла Маркса (Russian)Қуллаи Карл Маркс (Tajik)
Пик Карла Маркса (Russian)Қуллаи Карл Маркс (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Карла Маркса (Russian)Қуллаи Карл Маркс (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Karl Marx Peak
Height in meters
6,723
Coord.
(37°09′45″N 72°28′54″E / 37.1625°N 72.481667°E / 37.1625; 72.481667 (Karl Marx Peak))
Sub-range
Shakhdara Range
Country
Tajikistan
Курумды (Russian)Курумды (Tajik)
Курумды (Russian)Курумды (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Курумды (Russian)Курумды (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Kurumdy Mountain
Height in meters
6,614
Coord.
(39°27′21″N 73°34′01″E / 39.455812°N 73.566978°E / 39.455812; 73.566978 (Gora Kurumdy))
Sub-range
Trans-Alay Range
Country
Tajikistan,  Kyrgyzstan
Пик Гармо (Russian)Қуллаи Гармо (Tajik)
Пик Гармо (Russian)Қуллаи Гармо (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Гармо (Russian)Қуллаи Гармо (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Mount Garmo
Height in meters
6,595
Coord.
(38°48′39″N 72°04′20″E / 38.810955°N 72.072344°E / 38.810955; 72.072344 (Mount Garmo))
Sub-range
Academy of Sciences Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Энгельса (Russian)Қуллаи Энгельс (Tajik)
Пик Энгельса (Russian)Қуллаи Энгельс (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Энгельса (Russian)Қуллаи Энгельс (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Engels Peak
Height in meters
6,510
Coord.
(37°10′18″N 72°31′22″E / 37.171671°N 72.522898°E / 37.171671; 72.522898 (Engels Peak))
Sub-range
Shakhdara Range
Country
Tajikistan
Коҳи Памир
Коҳи Памир
Native name(s)
Коҳи Памир
Translated name(s)
Kohi Pamir
Height in meters
6,320
Coord.
(37°09′N 73°13′E / 37.15°N 73.21°E / 37.15; 73.21 (Koh-e Pamir))
Sub-range
Wakhan Range
Country
Afghanistan
Пик советских офицеров
Пик советских офицеров
Native name(s)
Пик советских офицеров
Translated name(s)
Peak of the Soviet Officers
Height in meters
6,233
Coord.
(38°25′26″N 73°18′07″E / 38.424°N 73.302°E / 38.424; 73.302 (Peak of the Soviet Officers))
Sub-range
Muzkol Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Маяковского (Russian)Қуллаи Маяковский (Tajik)
Пик Маяковского (Russian)Қуллаи Маяковский (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Маяковского (Russian)Қуллаи Маяковский (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Mayakovsky Peak
Height in meters
6,096
Coord.
(37°01′16″N 71°42′54″E / 37.021092°N 71.715138°E / 37.021092; 71.715138 (Mayakovskiy Peak))
Sub-range
Shakhdara Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Патхур (Russian)Қуллаи Паххор (Tajik)
Пик Патхур (Russian)Қуллаи Паххор (Tajik)
Native name(s)
Пик Патхур (Russian)Қуллаи Паххор (Tajik)
Translated name(s)
Patkhor Peak
Height in meters
6,083
Coord.
(37°53′21″N 72°11′21″E / 37.889167°N 72.189167°E / 37.889167; 72.189167 (Patkhor Peak))
Sub-range
Rushan Range
Country
Tajikistan
Пик Лейпциг
Пик Лейпциг
Native name(s)
Пик Лейпциг
Translated name(s)
Leipzig Peak
Height in meters
5,725
Coord.
(39°20′53″N 72°28′37″E / 39.348°N 72.477°E / 39.348; 72.477 (Leipzig Peak))
Sub-range
Trans-Alay Range
Country
Tajikistan,  Kyrgyzstan
Пик Скалистый
Пик Скалистый
Native name(s)
Пик Скалистый
Translated name(s)
Skalisty Peak (Schugnan Range)
Height in meters
5,707
Coord.
(37°36′02″N 72°13′37″E / 37.6005°N 72.227°E / 37.6005; 72.227 (Skalisty Peak))
Sub-range
Schugnan Range
Country
Tajikistan
Кызылдангы
Кызылдангы
Native name(s)
Кызылдангы
Translated name(s)
Kysyldangi Peak
Height in meters
5,704
Coord.
(37°24′02″N 72°50′37″E / 37.4006°N 72.8435°E / 37.4006; 72.8435 (Kysyldangi Peak))
Sub-range
Southern Alitschur Range
Country
Tajikistan
Native name(s)
Translated name(s)
Height in meters
Coord.
Sub-range
Country
Qoʻngʻir Tog (Uzbek)قوڭۇر تاغ (Uyghur)Хонгор Таг (Mongolian)ཀོང་གེལ་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)公格尔峰 (Chinese)
Kongur (Kungur Tagh)
7,649
Kongur))
Kongur Shan
China
مۇزتاغ ئاتا (Uyghur)Muztog Ota (Uzbek)མུཛ་ཏག་རི་རྩེ། (Standard Tibetan)慕士塔格峰 (Chinese)
Muztagh Ata
7,546
Muztagata))
Muztagh Ata Massif
China
قوڭۇر تۆپە (Uyghur)公格尔九别峰 (Chinese)
Kongur Jiubie (Kungur Tjube Tagh)
7,530
Kungur Tjube Tagh))
Kongur Shan
China
Пик Исмои́ла Сомони́ (Russian)Қуллаи Исмоили Сомонӣ (Tajik)
Ismoil Somoni Peak (formerly Communism Peak, Stalin Peak)
7,495
Ismoil Somoni Peak))
Academy of Sciences Range
Tajikistan
Пик Ленина (Russian)Ленин Чокусу (Kyrgyz)Қуллаи Ленин (former name)Қуллаи Абӯалӣ ибни Сино (Tajik)
Lenin Peak (new name: Abu Ali Ibn Sino Peak; formerly Kaufmann Peak)
7,134
Pik Lenin))
Trans-Alay Range
Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan
Пик Корженевской/Озоди (Russian)Қуллаи Корженевская/Озоди (Tajik)
Peak Ozodi
7,105
Peak Korzhenevskaya))
Academy of Sciences Range
Tajikistan
Пик Независимости (Russian)Қуллаи Истиқлол (Tajik)
Independence Peak (also Qullai Istiqlol, formerly Revolution Peak, Dreispitz)
6,940
Independence Peak))
Yazgulem Range
Tajikistan
Пик Россия (Russian)Қуллаи Россия (Tajik)
Russia Peak
6,875
Russia Peak))
Academy of Sciences Range
Tajikistan
Пик Москва (Russian)Қуллаи Москва (Tajik)
Moscow Peak
6,785
Moscow Peak))
Peter I Range
Tajikistan
Пик Карла Маркса (Russian)Қуллаи Карл Маркс (Tajik)
Karl Marx Peak
6,723
Karl Marx Peak))
Shakhdara Range
Tajikistan
Курумды (Russian)Курумды (Tajik)
Kurumdy Mountain
6,614
Gora Kurumdy))
Trans-Alay Range
Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan
Пик Гармо (Russian)Қуллаи Гармо (Tajik)
Mount Garmo
6,595
Mount Garmo))
Academy of Sciences Range
Tajikistan
Пик Энгельса (Russian)Қуллаи Энгельс (Tajik)
Engels Peak
6,510
Engels Peak))
Shakhdara Range
Tajikistan
Коҳи Памир
Kohi Pamir
6,320
Koh-e Pamir))
Wakhan Range
Afghanistan
Пик советских офицеров
Peak of the Soviet Officers
6,233
Peak of the Soviet Officers))
Muzkol Range
Tajikistan
Пик Маяковского (Russian)Қуллаи Маяковский (Tajik)
Mayakovsky Peak
6,096
Mayakovskiy Peak))
Shakhdara Range
Tajikistan
Пик Патхур (Russian)Қуллаи Паххор (Tajik)
Patkhor Peak
6,083
Patkhor Peak))
Rushan Range
Tajikistan
Пик Лейпциг
Leipzig Peak
5,725
Leipzig Peak))
Trans-Alay Range
Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan
Пик Скалистый
Skalisty Peak (Schugnan Range)
5,707
Skalisty Peak))
Schugnan Range
Tajikistan
Кызылдангы
Kysyldangi Peak
5,704
Kysyldangi Peak))
Southern Alitschur Range
Tajikistan

References

  1. Also claimed by the Republic of China on Taiwan as part of Sinkiang Province.
  2. The snow line that separates the snow above from the firn (1 yr old snow) or bare glacier ice below is the equilibrium l
  3. According to the Big Soviet Encyclopedia "The question of the natural boundaries of Pamir is debatable. Normally Pamir i
    http://bse.sci-lib.com/article086489.html
  4. Encyclopædia Britannica
    https://www.britannica.com/summary/Pamirs
  5. Tectonics
    https://doi.org/10.1029%2F93TC00767
  6. Social and Economic Change in the Pamirs (Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan): Translated from German by Nicola Pacult and Sonia Guss with support of Tim Sharp
    https://books.google.com/books?id=IEyTC-_VtAQC
  7. 水經注
    https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E6%B0%B4%E7%B6%93%E6%B3%A8/02
  8. "The origin of the Chinese name "Onion Range" for Pamir"
    http://depts.washington.edu/silkroad/texts/weilue/notes1_3.html
  9. This section is based on the book by R. Middleton and H. Thomas: Robert Middleton and Huw Thomas, 'Tajikistan and the Hi
  10. "Aga Khan Development Network (2010): Wakhan and the Afghan Pamir"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20111225230336/http://www.akdn.org/publications/2010_akf_wakhan.pdf
  11. Tajikistan: 15 Years of Independence, statistical yearbook, Dushanbe, 2006, p. 8, in Russian.
  12. www.8000ers.com
    https://www.8000ers.com/cms/en/download.html?func=select&id=3
  13. In the Karakoram Mountains, Siachen Glacier is 76 km long, Biafo Glacier is 67 km long, and Baltoro is 63 km long. The
  14. Water
    https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fw9060422
  15. University of Alaska Southeast
    https://web.archive.org/web/20151208142907/http://www.uas.alaska.edu/arts_sciences/naturalsciences/envs/faculty_staff/pubs/mendenhall_glacier_facts_2010.pdf
  16. Kuhle, M. (1997):New findings concerning the Ice Age (LGM) glacier cover of the East Pamir, of the Nanga Parbat up to th
  17. Kuhle, M. (2004):The High Glacial (Last Ice Age and LGM) glacier cover in High- and Central Asia. Accompanying text to t
  18. Science Advances
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6561734
  19. "Official Website of Pamir Travel"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070928082214/http://www.travel-pamir.com/gp3.html
  20. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2009/12/20/travel/20091220-pamir-slideshow_index.html
  21. The New York Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140811052521/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/20/travel/20Pamir.html
  22. Silk Road, North China
    http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=18006
  23. The Hindu
    https://web.archive.org/web/20071210192920/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/11/11/stories/2003111101861200.htm
  24. "The West Is Red"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090211183420/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1218611-1,00.html
  25. "Huge Market Potential at China-Pakistan Border"
    http://www.china.org.cn/english/2005/Jun/132201.h
  26. "China's Territorial and Boundary Affairs"
    http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjb_663304/zzjg_663340/tyfls_665260/tyfl_665264/2626_665266/t22820.shtml
  27. The Geopolitics of South Asia: From Early Empires to the Nuclear Age
    https://books.google.com/books?id=DgbHSGqO2-4C
  28. George Nathaniel Curzon; The Hindu World: An Encyclopedic Survey of Hinduism, 1968, p 184
  29. Benjamin Walker - Hinduism; Ancient Indian Tradition & Mythology: Purāṇas in Translation, 1969, p 56
  30. Jagdish Lal Shastri, Arnold Kunst, G. P. Bhatt, Ganesh Vasudeo Tagare - Oriental literature; Journal of the K.R. Cama Or
  31. Bernice Glatzer Rosenthal - History; Geographical Concepts in Ancient India, 1967, p 50
  32. Bechan Dube - India; Geographical Data in the Early Purāṇas: A Critical Study, 1972, p 2
  33. Dr M. R. Singh - India; Studies in the Proto-history of India, 1971, p 17
  34. India through the ages
    https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada
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