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Order of the Garter

Updated: Wikipedia source

Order of the Garter

The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by King Edward III of England in 1348. The most senior order of knighthood in the British honours system, it is outranked in precedence only by the decorations of the Victoria Cross and the George Cross. The Order of the Garter is dedicated to the image and arms of Saint George, England's patron saint. Appointments are at the Sovereign's sole discretion, typically made in recognition of national contribution, service to the Crown, or for distinguished personal service to the Monarch. Membership of the order is limited to the sovereign, the Prince of Wales, and no more than 24 living members, or Companions. The order also includes Supernumerary Knights and Ladies (e.g., members of the British royal family and foreign monarchs). The order's emblem is a garter circlet with the motto Honi soit qui mal y pense (Anglo-Norman for "shamed be (the person) who thinks evil of it", in older translations "evil be to him who thinks of evil") in gold script. Members of the order wear it on ceremonial occasions.

Infobox

Type
Dynastic order
Established
1348; 677 years ago (1348)
Motto
Honi soit qui mal y pense(Anglo-Norman for "Shamed be [the person] who thinks evil of it" or "Shame on him who thinks evil of it")
Criteria
At the monarch's pleasure
Status
Currently constituted
Founder
Edward III
Sovereign
Charles III
Chancellor
The Baroness Manningham-Buller
Prelate
The Bishop of Winchester (ex officio)
Classes
mw- Royal Knight/Lady (Companion)Stranger Knight/Lady CompanionKnight/Lady Companion(all abbreviated as KG/LG)
First induction
1348
Total inductees
mw- } Edward III: 62 Richard II: 29 Henry IV: 27 Henry V: 21 Henry VI: 44 Edward IV: 36 Edward V: 0 Richard III: 8 Henry VII: 37 Henry VIII: 53 Edward VI: 13 Mary I & Philip: 9 Elizabeth I: 54 James I: 29 Charles I: 21 Charles II: 47 James II: 7 Mary II & William III: 14 Anne: 14 George I: 21 George II: 32 George III: 75 George IV: 14 William IV: 14 Victoria: 132 Edward VII: 27 George V: 45 Edward VIII: 0 George VI: 31 Elizabeth II: 110 Charles III: 7 Tally: 1,032
Next (higher)
George Cross
Next (lower)
Order of the Thistle

Tables

· Gallery › Armorial
Arms of the Order
Arms of the Order
The Order
Arms of the Order
The Order
Variant with the royal arms and Tudor Crown
The Order
Arms of the Order
Variant with the royal arms and Tudor Crown

References

  1. Dibdin's 1811 edition of Rastell's 'The Pastime of People, Or, The Chronicles of Divers Realms; and Most Especially of t
  2. See for example the single roses on the collar of the effigy of Robert Willoughby, 1st Baron Willoughby de Broke, KG (di
  3. See image File:Buckingham Palace - 02.jpg.
  4. The Garter is worn over and above the left strap of the dress breeches of men but nowadays it is anachronistically worn
  5. Merriam-Webster
    https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/honi+soit+qui+mal+y+pense
  6. "College of St George – Windsor Castle – The Order of the Garter"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20170715135657/https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/history/the-order-of-the-garter.html
  7. The Royal Family
    https://www.royal.uk/order-garter
  8. Great Britain
  9. William Bruges' Garter Book
    https://web.archive.org/web/20200109222010/http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Stowe_MS_594
  10. Complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant (A to Bo)
  11. Chisholm 1911, pp. 851–867
  12. Rogers 2018, pp. 131–134
  13. Beltz 1841, pp. cxlix–cl
  14. Children's Encyclopedia of British History
  15. Rogers 2018, pp. 126–131
  16. The Annual Register
    http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/cgi-bin/ilej/image1.pl?item=page&seq=1&size=1&id=ar.1774.x.x.17.x.a.145
  17. Rogers 2018, pp. 134–138
  18. Rogers 2018, pp. 139–144
  19. Cotton Nero A.x 128v Archived 13 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine.
    http://contentdm.ucalgary.ca/cdm/singleitem/collection/gawain/id/356/rec/176
  20. The Journal of American Folklore
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2F539521
  21. ELH
    https://archive.org/details/sim_elh_1938-06_5_2/page/146
  22. "The Monarchy Today – Queen and Public – Honours – The Order of the Garter"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090614210437/http://www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Honours/OrderoftheGarter/OrderoftheGarter.aspx
  23. Sixteenth Century Journal
    https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2541800
  24. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/feb/05/queen-wants-camilla-to-be-queen-consort-when-charles-becomes-king
  25. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-61772917
  26. The Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/royal-family/2024/06/13/chancellor-order-garter-manningham-butler-king-charles/
  27. "Honours Standard Note: SN/PC/2832"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20061016235112/http://www.parliament.uk/commons/lib/research/notes/snpc-02832.pdf
  28. "College of St George – Windsor Castle – Orders of Chivalry"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100219220802/http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/royal-connection/orders-of-chivalry.html
  29. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, p. 198
  30. "Select Committee on Public Administration Fifth Report"
    https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200304/cmselect/cmpubadm/212/21204.htm
  31. "Royal Insight: June 2004: Focus: The Order of the Garter"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222251/http://www.royal.gov.uk/OutPut/Page3210.asp
  32. The Most Noble Order of the Garter, its History and Ceremonial
  33. The New York Times
    https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1915/05/14/101926672.pdf
  34. The Pleasures and Treasures of Britain: A Discerning Traveller's Companion
    https://books.google.com/books?id=8jYdEyVnQn4C&dq=Victor+Emmanuel+III+of+Italy+Order+of+the+Garter&pg=PA141
  35. The Japan Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160604025115/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/culture/2005/03/13/books/book-reviews/the-tokyo-envoys-englishmen-in-japan/
  36. SkyNews
    https://news.sky.com/story/andrew-mountbatten-windsor-officially-stripped-of-two-more-titles-13478020
  37. Guide to Windsor
  38. "The origin and history of the various heraldic offices"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100729132925/http://www.college-of-arms.gov.uk/About/06.htm
  39. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, p. 105
  40. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, pp. 109–112
  41. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, p. 116
  42. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, p. 122
  43. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, p. 143
  44. Begent & Chesshyre 1999, p. 132
  45. The Companion – magazine for the College of St George
    https://issuu.com/exposeddesign/docs/companionmagazine-order-of-the-gart
  46. "College of St George – Windsor Castle – Military Knights"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100510013842/http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/whos-who/military-knights.html
  47. Heraldry News, the Journal of Heraldry
    https://web.archive.org/web/20030420201952/http://www.geocities.com/noelcox/Garter_Dress.htm
  48. Robes of the Realm: 300 Years of Ceremonial Dress
  49. www.royalcollection.org.uk
    https://www.royalcollection.org.uk/collection/441498/order-of-the-black-eagle-prussia-george-vs-star-with-garter
  50. "Garter Banner List"
    https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/about-st-georges/history/the-order-of-the-garter/garter-banner-list.html
  51. Encyclopaedia Heraldica Or Complete Dictionary of Heraldry
  52. "Research guides No.1: The Order of the Garter"
    https://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/ResearchGuide1-The-Order-of-the-Garter.pdf
  53. The British Herald, or Cabinet of armorial bearings of the nobility and gentry of Great Britain & Ireland
  54. The Queen's Orders of Chivalry
  55. The Companion: The Magazine for the College of St George
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150922113457/http://www.stgeorges-windsor.org/assets/files/Companion/Companion21-web.pdf
  56. "Precedence"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20080928111704/http://www.burkes-peerage.net/articles/peerage/page62-4.aspx
  57. Forms of Address
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090825170811/http://www.debretts.com/forms-of-address/titles/knight.aspx
  58. Forms of Address
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090821170905/http://www.debretts.com/forms-of-address/titles/knight/ladies-of-the-garter.aspx
  59. Forms of Address
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090807112826/http://www.debretts.com/forms-of-address/titles/dame.aspx
  60. The UK Honours System
    http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20060130194436/honours.gov.uk/honours/wear.asp
  61. "The Armorial Bearings of Sir Winston Churchill"
    http://www.winstonchurchill.org/resources/reference/the-armorial-bearings-of-sir-winston-churchill
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