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Nepali Army

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Nepali Army

The Nepali Army (Nepali: नेपाली सेना, romanized: Nēpālī Sēnā), also referred to as the Gorkhali Army (गोरखाली सेना, Gōrakhālī Sēnā; see Gorkhas), formerly known as "Royal Nepal Army" is the land service branch of the Nepali Armed Forces. After the Gorkha Kingdom was founded in 1559, its army was established in 1560, and initially became known as the Gorkhali Army. Later it was known as the Royal Nepali Army (RNA) following the Unification of Nepal, when the Gorkha Kingdom expanded its territory to include the whole country, by conquering and annexing the other states in the region, resulting in the establishment of a single united Hindu monarchy over all of Nepal. It was officially renamed simply to the Nepali Army on 28 May 2008, upon the abolition of the 240-year-old Nepalese monarchy, and of the 449-year-old rule of the Shah dynasty, shortly after the end of the Maoist insurgency. The Nepali Army has participated in various conflicts throughout its history, going as far back as the Nepali unification campaign launched by Prithvi Narayan Shah of the Gorkha Kingdom. It has engaged in an extensive number of battles within South Asia, and continues to take part in global conflicts as part of United Nations peacekeeping coalitions. The Nepali Army is headquartered in Kathmandu and the incumbent Chief of Army Staff is General Ashok Raj Sigdel.

Infobox

Founded
1560; 465 years ago (1560)
Country
Nepal
Type
Army
Role
Land warfare
Size
mw- 97,500
Part of
Nepalese Armed Forces
Army Headquarters
Jangi Adda, Bhadrakali, Kathmandu, Bagmati Province
Nickname
Gorkhali Army
Motto
Better to die than to be a coward
Anniversaries
Maha Shivaratri
Engagements
See list: In the Indian subcontinent 1763 Mughal Bengal Subah invasion of Nepal Battle of Sindhuli Battle of Kirtipur Battle of Kathmandu Battle of Bhaktapur Sino−Nepalese War Gurkha−Sikh War Anglo−Nepalese War Nepalese−Tibetan War Indian Rebellion of 1857 First Waziristan Campaign Second Waziristan Campaign Third Waziristan Campaign Nepalese Civil War (1996–2006) Outside of the Indian subcontinent World War I (see Nepalese casualties) Third Anglo−Afghan War World War II (see Nepalese casualties) Somali Civil War Second Sudanese Civil War Sierra Leone Civil War Eritrean−Ethiopian War 1999 East Timorese crisis Syrian Civil War
Website
nepalarmy.mil.np
Supreme Commander-in-chief
President of Nepal
Chief of Army Staff
General Ashok Raj Sigdel
Vice Chief of the Army Staff
Lieutenant General Pradeep Jung KC
Assistant Chief of the Army Staff
Lieutenant General Ganesh Kumar Shrestha
Notablecommanders
Kalu Pande Ram Krishna Kunwar Vamsharaj Pande Abhiman Singh Basnyat Damodar Pande Amar Singh Thapa

Tables

· Equipment › Small arms
Pistols
Pistols
Weapon
Pistols
Browning Hi-Power
Browning Hi-Power
Weapon
Browning Hi-Power
Origin
Belgium United States
Type
Semi-automatic pistol
Calibre
9×19mm Parabellum
Notes
FN P-35 variant.
Submachine guns
Submachine guns
Weapon
Submachine guns
Heckler & Koch MP5
Heckler & Koch MP5
Weapon
Heckler & Koch MP5
Origin
West Germany
Type
Submachine gun
Calibre
9×19mm Parabellum
Sten
Sten
Weapon
Sten
Origin
United Kingdom
Sterling
Sterling
Weapon
Sterling
Uzi
Uzi
Weapon
Uzi
Origin
Israel
Rifles and Carbines
Rifles and Carbines
Weapon
Rifles and Carbines
INSAS
INSAS
Weapon
INSAS
Origin
India
Type
Assault rifle
Calibre
5.56×45mm
Notes
The Nepali Army had about 25,000 INSAS rifles in 2006.
Heckler & Koch G36
Heckler & Koch G36
Weapon
Heckler & Koch G36
Origin
Germany
M16
M16
Weapon
M16
Origin
United States
Type
Standard service rifle of the Nepali Army.
CAR-15
CAR-15
Weapon
CAR-15
Origin
Carbine
M4 carbine
M4 carbine
Weapon
M4 carbine
Daewoo K2
Daewoo K2
Weapon
Daewoo K2
Origin
South Korea
Type
Assault rifle
IMI Galil
IMI Galil
Weapon
IMI Galil
Origin
Israel
IWI Tavor
IWI Tavor
Weapon
IWI Tavor
Origin
Used by Army Special Forces, Ranger Battalion.
IWI Tavor X95
IWI Tavor X95
Weapon
IWI Tavor X95
Origin
Used by Army Special Forces, Ranger Battalion. Often seen with GL40 UBGL, shown to be OTB compatible.
IWI Galil ACE
IWI Galil ACE
Weapon
IWI Galil ACE
Origin
7.62×39mm
Type
Limited use by Military Police.
AKM
AKM
Weapon
AKM
Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Confiscated from Maoist guerrillas during insurgency.
Type 56
Type 56
Weapon
Type 56
Origin
China
Type
300 purchased from China in 2010.
L1A1 SLR
L1A1 SLR
Weapon
L1A1 SLR
Origin
United Kingdom
Type
Battle rifle
Calibre
7.62×51mm
Notes
Unlicensed Indian variant designated 1A1.
FN FAL
FN FAL
Weapon
FN FAL
Origin
Belgium
Heckler & Koch PSG1
Heckler & Koch PSG1
Weapon
Heckler & Koch PSG1
Origin
West Germany/ Germany
Type
Sniper rifle
Ishapore 2A1
Ishapore 2A1
Weapon
Ishapore 2A1
Origin
India
Type
Bolt-action rifle
Calibre
Indian licensed copy of the No. III Enfield, modified for use with 7.62 NATO. New production action and barrel, recycled buttstock from No. III Enfields.[failed verification]
Machine guns
Machine guns
Weapon
Machine guns
FN Minimi
FN Minimi
Weapon
FN Minimi
Origin
Belgium
Type
Light machine gun
Calibre
5.56×45mm
Notes
5,500 purchased from Belgium in 2002. Principal LMG/SAW
M249
M249
Weapon
M249
Origin
Belgium United States
Type
300 supplied as military aid from the US. Functionally identical to FN Minimi
Bren L4A4
Bren L4A4
Weapon
Bren L4A4
Origin
First Czechoslovak Republic (design) United Kingdom
Type
7.62×51mm
Calibre
Used in outposts and basic automatic fire training
FN MAG
FN MAG
Weapon
FN MAG
Origin
Belgium
Type
General-purpose machine gun
Calibre
Principal GPMG, used on vehicle mounts.
Weapon
Image
Origin
Type
Calibre
Notes
Pistols
Browning Hi-Power
Belgium United States
Semi-automatic pistol
9×19mm Parabellum
FN P-35 variant.
Submachine guns
Heckler & Koch MP5
West Germany
Submachine gun
9×19mm Parabellum
Sten
United Kingdom
Sterling
Uzi
Israel
Rifles and Carbines
INSAS
India
Assault rifle
5.56×45mm
The Nepali Army had about 25,000 INSAS rifles in 2006.
Heckler & Koch G36
Germany
M16
United States
Standard service rifle of the Nepali Army.
CAR-15
Carbine
M4 carbine
Daewoo K2
South Korea
Assault rifle
IMI Galil
Israel
IWI Tavor
Used by Army Special Forces, Ranger Battalion.
IWI Tavor X95
Used by Army Special Forces, Ranger Battalion. Often seen with GL40 UBGL, shown to be OTB compatible.
IWI Galil ACE
7.62×39mm
Limited use by Military Police.
AKM
Soviet Union
Confiscated from Maoist guerrillas during insurgency.
Type 56
China
300 purchased from China in 2010.
L1A1 SLR
United Kingdom
Battle rifle
7.62×51mm
Unlicensed Indian variant designated 1A1.
FN FAL
Belgium
Heckler & Koch PSG1
West Germany/ Germany
Sniper rifle
Ishapore 2A1
India
Bolt-action rifle
Indian licensed copy of the No. III Enfield, modified for use with 7.62 NATO. New production action and barrel, recycled buttstock from No. III Enfields.[failed verification]
Machine guns
FN Minimi
Belgium
Light machine gun
5.56×45mm
5,500 purchased from Belgium in 2002. Principal LMG/SAW
M249
Belgium United States
300 supplied as military aid from the US. Functionally identical to FN Minimi
Bren L4A4
First Czechoslovak Republic (design) United Kingdom
7.62×51mm
Used in outposts and basic automatic fire training
FN MAG
Belgium
General-purpose machine gun
Principal GPMG, used on vehicle mounts.
· Equipment › Heavy weapons
Air defence
Air defence
Weapon
Air defence
Bofors L/70
Bofors L/70
Weapon
Bofors L/70
Origin
Sweden
Type
Anti-aircraft gun
Calibre
40mm
QF 3.7-inch AA gun
QF 3.7-inch AA gun
Weapon
QF 3.7-inch AA gun
Origin
United Kingdom
Type
94mm
Calibre
45 in service.
Artillery
Artillery
Weapon
Artillery
OTO Melara Mod 56
OTO Melara Mod 56
Weapon
OTO Melara Mod 56
Origin
Italy
Type
Pack howitzer
Calibre
105mm
Notes
14 in service.
Mortar
Mortar
Weapon
Mortar
120-PM-43
120-PM-43
Weapon
120-PM-43
Origin
Soviet Union
Type
Mortar
Calibre
120mm
Notes
70 in service
M 29
M 29
Weapon
M 29
Origin
United States
Type
Mortar
Calibre
81mm
Weapon
Image
Origin
Type
Calibre
Notes
Air defence
Bofors L/70
Sweden
Anti-aircraft gun
40mm
inch AA gun
United Kingdom
94mm
45 in service.
Artillery
OTO Melara Mod 56
Italy
Pack howitzer
105mm
14 in service.
Mortar
120-PM-43
Soviet Union
Mortar
120mm
70 in service
M 29
United States
Mortar
81mm
· Equipment › Vehicles
Armoured cars
Armoured cars
Vehicle
Armoured cars
Daimler Ferret
Daimler Ferret
Vehicle
Daimler Ferret
Origin
United Kingdom
Type
Scout car
Quantity
40
Notes
Ferret Mk4 variant.
Armoured personnel carriers
Armoured personnel carriers
Vehicle
Armoured personnel carriers
Casspir
Casspir
Vehicle
Casspir
Origin
South Africa
Type
MRAP
Quantity
37
Aditya
Aditya
Vehicle
Aditya
Origin
India
Type
~124
VN-4
VN-4
Vehicle
VN-4
Origin
China
Type
63
OT-64
OT-64
Vehicle
OT-64
Origin
Czechoslovakia
Type
Armoured personnel carrier
Quantity
8
WZ551
WZ551
Vehicle
WZ551
Origin
China
Type
Infantry fighting vehicle
Quantity
5
Notes
Acquired from China in 2005.
Vehicle
Image
Origin
Type
Quantity
Notes
Armoured cars
Daimler Ferret
United Kingdom
Scout car
40
Ferret Mk4 variant.
Armoured personnel carriers
Casspir
South Africa
MRAP
37
Aditya
India
~124
VN-4
China
63
OT-64
Czechoslovakia
Armoured personnel carrier
8
WZ551
China
Infantry fighting vehicle
5
Acquired from China in 2005.

References

  1. www.nepalarmy.mil.np
    https://www.nepalarmy.mil.np/viewnews/266
  2. myRepublica
    http://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/60424/
  3. BBC News
    http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/4998666.stm
  4. "Thapa to take charge of Nepali Army as acting CoAS"
    https://thehimalayantimes.com/kathmandu/lieutenant-general-purna-chandra-thapa-to-take-charge-of-nepali-army-as-acting-chief-of-army-staff/
  5. kathmandupost.com
    https://kathmandupost.com/national/2018/08/10/new-chief-faces-daunting-task-rebuilding-nepal-armys-image
  6. Adhikari 2015, p. 154.
  7. Adhikari 2015, p. 153.
  8. Adhikari 2015, p. 155.
  9. Pradhan 2012, p. 149.
  10. Acharya 2012, p. 215.
  11. Nepal 2007, p. 105.
  12. Nepal 2007, p. 106.
  13. Acharya 2012, p. 160.
  14. Oldfield 1880, p. 311.
  15. Nepal 2007, p. 109.
  16. Pradhan 2012, p. 164.
  17. Australian Institute of International Affairs
    https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/nepalese-military-history-of-aid-to-british-india-and-independent-india/
  18. "In a first, NA peacekeepers to dispose explosives under UN mission"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20141023142905/http://www.myrepublica.com/portal/index.php?action=news_details&news_id=68719
  19. "NA to deploy 140 soldiers to Mali for peacekeeping – News – :: The Kathmandu Post ::"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20141023135319/http://www.ekantipur.com/the-kathmandu-post/2014/01/28/news/na-to-deploy-140-soldiers-to-mali-for-peacekeeping/258634.html
  20. Nepal Army DayThe Kathmandu Post 9 March 2013 Archived 23 September 2018 at the Wayback Machine
    http://kathmandupost.ekantipur.com/printedition/news/2013-03-09/nepal-army-day-five-nepal-army-battalions-mark-250-years-of-combat-history.html
  21. Nepali Senama Mahila Sahabhagita - Episode 405
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9Baj_IO_Ag
  22. "Legacies of War in the Company of Peace: Firearms in Nepal"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140708052928/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/G-Issue-briefs/NAVA-IB2-Legacies-of-War.pdf
  23. Small Arms Survey 2003: Development Denied
  24. Jane's Infantry Weapons
  25. Nepal in Transition: A Way Forward
  26. The Economic Times
    http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/wikileaks-news-why-nepal-king-gyanendra-shed-power/articleshow/9881252.cms
  27. DVIDS
    https://www.dvidshub.net/image/3282313/exercise-shanti-prayas-iii-closing-ceremony
  28. Jane's Weapon Systems, 1983–84
  29. Jane's Armour and Artillery
  30. "Trade Registers"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php
  31. "South African Arms Exports"
    http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=11274:-fact-file-south-african-arms-exports&catid=79:fact-files&Itemid=159
  32. Nepalarmy.mil.np
    https://www.nepalarmy.mil.np/page/ranks
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