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Muhammad Ali

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Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali ( ah-LEE; born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer and activist. A global cultural icon, widely known by the nickname "the Greatest", he is often regarded as the greatest heavyweight boxer of all time. He held the Ring magazine heavyweight title from 1964 to 1970, was the undisputed champion from 1974 to 1978, and was the WBA and Ring heavyweight champion from 1978 to 1979. In 1999, he was named Sportsman of the Century by Sports Illustrated and the Sports Personality of the Century by the BBC. Born in Louisville, Kentucky, he began training as an amateur boxer at age 12. At 18, he won a gold medal in the light heavyweight division at the 1960 Summer Olympics and turned professional later that year. He joined the Nation of Islam in the early 1960s, but later disavowed it in the mid-1970s. He won the world heavyweight championship, defeating Sonny Liston in a major upset on February 25, 1964, at age 22. During that year, he denounced his birth name as a "slave name" and formally changed his name to Muhammad Ali. In 1967, Ali refused to be drafted into the military, owing to his religious beliefs and ethical opposition to the Vietnam War, and was found guilty of draft evasion and stripped of his boxing titles. He stayed out of prison while appealing the decision to the Supreme Court, where his conviction was overturned in 1971. He did not fight for nearly four years and lost a period of peak performance as an athlete. Ali's actions as a conscientious objector to the Vietnam War made him an icon for the larger counterculture of the 1960s generation, and he became a prominent, high-profile figure of racial pride for African Americans during the civil rights movement and throughout his career. Ali fought in several highly publicized boxing matches, including fights with Liston, Joe Frazier (including the Fight of the Century, to that point the biggest boxing event and the Thrilla in Manila), and George Foreman in The Rumble in the Jungle. At a time when many boxers let their managers do the talking, Ali became renowned for his provocative and outlandish persona. He was famous for trash talking, often free-styled with rhyme schemes and spoken word poetry, and is identified as a pioneer in hip-hop. He often predicted in which round he would knock out his opponent. As a boxer, Ali was known for his unorthodox movement, footwork, head movement, and rope-a-dope technique, among others. Outside boxing, Ali performed as a spoken word artist, releasing two studio albums: I Am the Greatest! (1963) and The Adventures of Ali and His Gang vs. Mr. Tooth Decay (1976). Both albums received Grammy Award nominations. He also featured as an actor and writer, releasing two autobiographies. Ali retired from boxing in 1981 and focused on religion, philanthropy, and activism. In 1984, he made public his diagnosis of Parkinson's syndrome, which some reports attributed to boxing-related injuries, though he and his specialist physicians disputed this. He remained an active public figure, but in his later years made fewer public appearances as his condition worsened, and was cared for by his family.

Infobox

Born
Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.(1942-01-17)January 17, 1942Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died
June 3, 2016(2016-06-03) (aged 74)Scottsdale, Arizona, U.S.
Resting place
Cave Hill Cemetery, Louisville
Monuments
mw- Ali Mall Muhammad Ali Boulevard Muhammad Ali Center Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport Muhammad Ali Statue in Lewiston, Maine
Citizenship
United States Bangladesh (honorary)
Education
Central High School (1958)
Occupations
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Spouses
mw- Sonji Roi (m. 1964; div. 1966) Belinda Boyd (m. 1967; div. 1976) Veronica Porché (m. 1977; div. 1986) Yolanda "Lonnie" Williams (m. 1986)
Children
9, including Laila (see below)
Parents
Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. Odessa Grady Clay
Relatives
Rahaman Ali (brother) Archer Alexander (great-great-great grandfather) Nico Ali Walsh (grandson)
Awards
Full list
Nicknames
The Greatest The People's Champion The Louisville Lip
Height
6 ft 3 in (191 cm)
Weight
Heavyweight
Reach
78 in (198 cm)
Stance
Orthodox
Total fights
61
Wins
56
Win by KO
37
Losses
5
Website
muhammadali.com

Tables

· Entertainment career › Television appearances
October 17, 1971
October 17, 1971
Date
October 17, 1971
Broadcast
Parkinson (series 1, episode 14)
Region(s)
United Kingdom
Viewers
12,000,000
Source
[citation needed]
January 25, 1974
January 25, 1974
Date
January 25, 1974
Broadcast
Parkinson (series 3, episode 18)
Region(s)
United Kingdom
Viewers
12,000,000
Source
[citation needed]
December 7, 1974
December 7, 1974
Date
December 7, 1974
Broadcast
Parkinson
Region(s)
United Kingdom
Viewers
12,000,000
Source
[citation needed]
March 28, 1977
March 28, 1977
Date
March 28, 1977
Broadcast
49th Academy Awards
Region(s)
United States
Viewers
39,719,000
December 25, 1978
December 25, 1978
Date
December 25, 1978
Broadcast
This Is Your Life ("Muhammad Ali")
Region(s)
United States
Viewers
60,000,000
October 24, 1979
October 24, 1979
Date
October 24, 1979
Broadcast
Diff'rent Strokes ("Arnold's Hero")
Region(s)
United States
Viewers
41,000,000
January 17, 1981
January 17, 1981
Date
January 17, 1981
Broadcast
Parkinson (series 10, episode 32)
Region(s)
United Kingdom
Viewers
12,000,000
Source
[citation needed]
July 19, 1996
July 19, 1996
Date
July 19, 1996
Broadcast
Atlanta 1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
Region(s)
Worldwide
Viewers
3,500,000,000
United States
United States
Date
United States
Broadcast
209,000,000
September 21, 2001
September 21, 2001
Date
September 21, 2001
Broadcast
America: A Tribute to Heroes
Region(s)
United States
Viewers
60,000,000
January 4, 2007
January 4, 2007
Date
January 4, 2007
Broadcast
Michael Parkinson's Greatest Entertainers
Region(s)
United Kingdom
Viewers
3,630,000
June 9, 2016
June 9, 2016
Date
June 9, 2016
Broadcast
Muhammad Ali memorial service
Region(s)
Worldwide
Viewers
1,000,000,000
Date
Broadcast
Region(s)
Viewers
Source
October 17, 1971
Parkinson (series 1, episode 14)
United Kingdom
12,000,000
[citation needed]
January 25, 1974
Parkinson (series 3, episode 18)
United Kingdom
12,000,000
[citation needed]
December 7, 1974
Parkinson
United Kingdom
12,000,000
[citation needed]
March 28, 1977
49th Academy Awards
United States
39,719,000
December 25, 1978
This Is Your Life ("Muhammad Ali")
United States
60,000,000
October 24, 1979
Diff'rent Strokes ("Arnold's Hero")
United States
41,000,000
January 17, 1981
Parkinson (series 10, episode 32)
United Kingdom
12,000,000
[citation needed]
July 19, 1996
Atlanta 1996 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
Worldwide
3,500,000,000
United States
209,000,000
September 21, 2001
America: A Tribute to Heroes
United States
60,000,000
January 4, 2007
Michael Parkinson's Greatest Entertainers
United Kingdom
3,630,000
June 9, 2016
Muhammad Ali memorial service
Worldwide
1,000,000,000
Total viewership
Worldwide
4,692,349,000
· Professional boxing record
By knockout
By knockout
61 fights
By knockout
56 wins
37
5 losses
1
By decision
By decision
61 fights
By decision
56 wins
19
5 losses
4
61 fights
56 wins
5 losses
By knockout
37
1
By decision
19
4
· Professional boxing record
61
61
No.
61
Result
Loss
Record
56–5
Opponent
Trevor Berbick
Type
UD
Round, time
10
Date
Dec 11, 1981
Age
39 years, 328 days
Location
Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, Nassau, Bahamas
60
60
No.
60
Result
Loss
Record
56–4
Opponent
Larry Holmes
Type
RTD
Round, time
10 (15), 3:00
Date
Oct 2, 1980
Age
38 years, 259 days
Location
Caesars Palace, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
Notes
For WBC and vacant The Ring heavyweight titles
59
59
No.
59
Result
Win
Record
56–3
Opponent
Leon Spinks
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Sep 15, 1978
Age
36 years, 241 days
Location
Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Notes
Won WBA and The Ring heavyweight titles
58
58
No.
58
Result
Loss
Record
55–3
Opponent
Leon Spinks
Type
SD
Round, time
15
Date
Feb 15, 1978
Age
36 years, 29 days
Location
Las Vegas Hilton, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Notes
Lost WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
57
57
No.
57
Result
Win
Record
55–2
Opponent
Earnie Shavers
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Sep 29, 1977
Age
35 years, 255 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
56
56
No.
56
Result
Win
Record
54–2
Opponent
Alfredo Evangelista
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
May 16, 1977
Age
35 years, 119 days
Location
Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
55
55
No.
55
Result
Win
Record
53–2
Opponent
Ken Norton
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Sep 28, 1976
Age
34 years, 255 days
Location
Yankee Stadium, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
54
54
No.
54
Result
Win
Record
52–2
Opponent
Richard Dunn
Type
TKO
Round, time
5 (15), 2:05
Date
May 24, 1976
Age
34 years, 128 days
Location
Olympiahalle, Munich, West Germany
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
53
53
No.
53
Result
Win
Record
51–2
Opponent
Jimmy Young
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Apr 30, 1976
Age
34 years, 104 days
Location
Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
52
52
No.
52
Result
Win
Record
50–2
Opponent
Jean-Pierre Coopman
Type
KO
Round, time
5 (15), 2:46
Date
Feb 20, 1976
Age
34 years, 34 days
Location
Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
51
51
No.
51
Result
Win
Record
49–2
Opponent
Joe Frazier
Type
RTD
Round, time
14 (15), 3:00
Date
Oct 1, 1975
Age
33 years, 257 days
Location
Philippine Coliseum, Quezon City, Philippines
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
50
50
No.
50
Result
Win
Record
48–2
Opponent
Joe Bugner
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
July 1, 1975
Age
33 years, 164 days
Location
Stadium Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
49
49
No.
49
Result
Win
Record
47–2
Opponent
Ron Lyle
Type
TKO
Round, time
11 (15), 1:08
Date
May 16, 1975
Age
33 years, 119 days
Location
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
48
48
No.
48
Result
Win
Record
46–2
Opponent
Chuck Wepner
Type
TKO
Round, time
15 (15), 2:41
Date
Mar 24, 1975
Age
33 years, 66 days
Location
Coliseum, Richfield, Ohio, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
47
47
No.
47
Result
Win
Record
45–2
Opponent
George Foreman
Type
KO
Round, time
8 (15), 2:58
Date
Oct 30, 1974
Age
32 years, 286 days
Location
Stade du 20 Mai, Kinshasa, Zaire
Notes
Won WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
46
46
No.
46
Result
Win
Record
44–2
Opponent
Joe Frazier
Type
UD
Round, time
12
Date
Jan 28, 1974
Age
32 years, 11 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
Retained NABF heavyweight title
45
45
No.
45
Result
Win
Record
43–2
Opponent
Rudie Lubbers
Type
UD
Round, time
12
Date
Oct 20, 1973
Age
31 years, 276 days
Location
Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Jakarta, Indonesia
44
44
No.
44
Result
Win
Record
42–2
Opponent
Ken Norton
Type
SD
Round, time
12
Date
Sep 10, 1973
Age
31 years, 236 days
Location
The Forum, Inglewood, California, U.S.
Notes
Won NABF heavyweight title
43
43
No.
43
Result
Loss
Record
41–2
Opponent
Ken Norton
Type
SD
Round, time
12
Date
Mar 31, 1973
Age
31 years, 73 days
Location
San Diego Sports Arena, San Diego, California, U.S.
Notes
Lost NABF heavyweight title
42
42
No.
42
Result
Win
Record
41–1
Opponent
Joe Bugner
Type
UD
Round, time
12
Date
Feb 14, 1973
Age
31 years, 28 days
Location
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
41
41
No.
41
Result
Win
Record
40–1
Opponent
Bob Foster
Type
KO
Round, time
8 (12), 0:40
Date
Nov 21, 1972
Age
30 years, 309 days
Location
Sahara Tahoe, Stateline, Nevada, U.S.
Notes
Retained NABF heavyweight title
40
40
No.
40
Result
Win
Record
39–1
Opponent
Floyd Patterson
Type
RTD
Round, time
7 (12), 3:00
Date
Sep 20, 1972
Age
30 years, 247 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
Retained NABF heavyweight title
39
39
No.
39
Result
Win
Record
38–1
Opponent
Alvin Lewis
Type
TKO
Round, time
11 (12), 1:15
Date
Jul 19, 1972
Age
30 years, 184 days
Location
Croke Park, Dublin, Ireland
38
38
No.
38
Result
Win
Record
37–1
Opponent
Jerry Quarry
Type
TKO
Round, time
7 (12), 0:19
Date
Jun 27, 1972
Age
30 years, 162 days
Location
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Notes
Retained NABF heavyweight title
37
37
No.
37
Result
Win
Record
36–1
Opponent
George Chuvalo
Type
UD
Round, time
12
Date
May 1, 1972
Age
30 years, 105 days
Location
Pacific Coliseum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Notes
Retained NABF heavyweight title
36
36
No.
36
Result
Win
Record
35–1
Opponent
Mac Foster
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Apr 1, 1972
Age
30 years, 75 days
Location
Nippon Budokan, Tokyo, Japan
35
35
No.
35
Result
Win
Record
34–1
Opponent
Jürgen Blin
Type
KO
Round, time
7 (12), 2:12
Date
Dec 26, 1971
Age
29 years, 343 days
Location
Hallenstadion, Zürich, Switzerland
34
34
No.
34
Result
Win
Record
33–1
Opponent
Buster Mathis
Type
UD
Round, time
12
Date
Nov 17, 1971
Age
29 years, 304 days
Location
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Notes
Retained NABF heavyweight title
33
33
No.
33
Result
Win
Record
32–1
Opponent
Jimmy Ellis
Type
TKO
Round, time
12 (12), 2:10
Date
Jul 26, 1971
Age
29 years, 190 days
Location
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Notes
Won vacant NABF heavyweight title
32
32
No.
32
Result
Loss
Record
31–1
Opponent
Joe Frazier
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Mar 8, 1971
Age
29 years, 50 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
For WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
31
31
No.
31
Result
Win
Record
31–0
Opponent
Oscar Bonavena
Type
TKO
Round, time
15 (15), 2:03
Date
Dec 7, 1970
Age
28 years, 324 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
Won vacant NABF heavyweight title
30
30
No.
30
Result
Win
Record
30–0
Opponent
Jerry Quarry
Type
RTD
Round, time
3 (15), 3:00
Date
Oct 26, 1970
Age
28 years, 282 days
Location
Municipal Auditorium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
29
29
No.
29
Result
Win
Record
29–0
Opponent
Zora Folley
Type
KO
Round, time
7 (15), 1:48
Date
Mar 22, 1967
Age
25 years, 64 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
28
28
No.
28
Result
Win
Record
28–0
Opponent
Ernie Terrell
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Feb 6, 1967
Age
25 years, 20 days
Location
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles;Won WBA heavyweight title
27
27
No.
27
Result
Win
Record
27–0
Opponent
Cleveland Williams
Type
TKO
Round, time
3 (15), 1:08
Date
Nov 14, 1966
Age
24 years, 301 days
Location
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
26
26
No.
26
Result
Win
Record
26–0
Opponent
Karl Mildenberger
Type
TKO
Round, time
12 (15), 1:30
Date
Sep 10, 1966
Age
24 years, 236 days
Location
Waldstadion, Frankfurt, West Germany
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
25
25
No.
25
Result
Win
Record
25–0
Opponent
Brian London
Type
KO
Round, time
3 (15), 1:40
Date
Aug 6, 1966
Age
24 years, 201 days
Location
Earls Court Exhibition Centre, London, England
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
24
24
No.
24
Result
Win
Record
24–0
Opponent
Henry Cooper
Type
TKO
Round, time
6 (15), 1:38
Date
May 21, 1966
Age
24 years, 124 days
Location
Arsenal Stadium, London, England
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
23
23
No.
23
Result
Win
Record
23–0
Opponent
George Chuvalo
Type
UD
Round, time
15
Date
Mar 29, 1966
Age
24 years, 71 days
Location
Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, Canada
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
22
22
No.
22
Result
Win
Record
22–0
Opponent
Floyd Patterson
Type
TKO
Round, time
12 (15), 2:18
Date
Nov 22, 1965
Age
23 years, 309 days
Location
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
21
21
No.
21
Result
Win
Record
21–0
Opponent
Sonny Liston
Type
KO
Round, time
1 (15), 2:12
Date
May 25, 1965
Age
23 years, 128 days
Location
Civic Center, Lewiston, Maine, U.S.
Notes
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
20
20
No.
20
Result
Win
Record
20–0
Opponent
Sonny Liston
Type
RTD
Round, time
6 (15), 3:00
Date
Feb 25, 1964
Age
22 years, 39 days
Location
Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
Notes
Won WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
19
19
No.
19
Result
Win
Record
19–0
Opponent
Henry Cooper
Type
TKO
Round, time
5 (10), 2:15
Date
Jun 18, 1963
Age
21 years, 152 days
Location
Wembley Stadium, London, England
18
18
No.
18
Result
Win
Record
18–0
Opponent
Doug Jones
Type
UD
Round, time
10
Date
Mar 13, 1963
Age
21 years, 55 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
17
17
No.
17
Result
Win
Record
17–0
Opponent
Charlie Powell
Type
KO
Round, time
3 (10), 2:04
Date
Jan 24, 1963
Age
21 years, 7 days
Location
Civic Arena, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
16
16
No.
16
Result
Win
Record
16–0
Opponent
Archie Moore
Type
TKO
Round, time
4 (10), 1:35
Date
Nov 15, 1962
Age
20 years, 302 days
Location
Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
15
15
No.
15
Result
Win
Record
15–0
Opponent
Alejandro Lavorante
Type
KO
Round, time
5 (10), 1:48
Date
Jul 20, 1962
Age
20 years, 184 days
Location
Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
14
14
No.
14
Result
Win
Record
14–0
Opponent
Billy Daniels
Type
TKO
Round, time
7 (10), 2:21
Date
May 19, 1962
Age
20 years, 122 days
Location
St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
13
13
No.
13
Result
Win
Record
13–0
Opponent
George Logan
Type
TKO
Round, time
4 (10), 1:34
Date
Apr 23, 1962
Age
20 years, 96 days
Location
Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
12
12
No.
12
Result
Win
Record
12–0
Opponent
Don Warner
Type
TKO
Round, time
4 (10), 0:34
Date
Feb 28, 1962
Age
20 years, 70 days
Location
Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
11
11
No.
11
Result
Win
Record
11–0
Opponent
Sonny Banks
Type
TKO
Round, time
4 (10), 0:26
Date
Feb 10, 1962
Age
20 years, 24 days
Location
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
10
10
No.
10
Result
Win
Record
10–0
Opponent
Willi Besmanoff
Type
TKO
Round, time
7 (10), 1:55
Date
Nov 29, 1961
Age
19 years, 316 days
Location
Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
9
9
No.
9
Result
Win
Record
9–0
Opponent
Alex Miteff
Type
TKO
Round, time
6 (10), 1:45
Date
Oct 7, 1961
Age
19 years, 263 days
Location
Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
8
8
No.
8
Result
Win
Record
8–0
Opponent
Alonzo Johnson
Type
UD
Round, time
10
Date
Jul 22, 1961
Age
19 years, 186 days
Location
Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
7
7
No.
7
Result
Win
Record
7–0
Opponent
Duke Sabedong
Type
UD
Round, time
10
Date
Jun 26, 1961
Age
19 years, 160 days
Location
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
6
6
No.
6
Result
Win
Record
6–0
Opponent
LaMar Clark
Type
KO
Round, time
2 (8), 1:27
Date
Apr 19, 1961
Age
19 years, 92 days
Location
Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
5
5
No.
5
Result
Win
Record
5–0
Opponent
Donnie Fleeman
Type
RTD
Round, time
6 (8)
Date
Feb 21, 1961
Age
19 years, 35 days
Location
Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
4
4
No.
4
Result
Win
Record
4–0
Opponent
Jim Robinson
Type
KO
Round, time
1 (8), 1:34
Date
Feb 7, 1961
Age
19 years, 21 days
Location
Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
3
3
No.
3
Result
Win
Record
3–0
Opponent
Tony Esperti
Type
TKO
Round, time
3 (8), 1:30
Date
Jan 17, 1961
Age
19 years, 0 days
Location
Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
2
2
No.
2
Result
Win
Record
2–0
Opponent
Herb Siler
Type
TKO
Round, time
4 (8), 1:00
Date
Dec 27, 1960
Age
18 years, 345 days
Location
Municipal Auditorium, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
1
1
No.
1
Result
Win
Record
1–0
Opponent
Tunney Hunsaker
Type
UD
Round, time
6
Date
Oct 29, 1960
Age
18 years, 286 days
Location
Freedom Hall, Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.
No.
Result
Record
Opponent
Type
Round, time
Date
Age
Location
Notes
61
Loss
56–5
Trevor Berbick
UD
10
Dec 11, 1981
39 years, 328 days
Queen Elizabeth Sports Centre, Nassau, Bahamas
60
Loss
56–4
Larry Holmes
RTD
10 (15), 3:00
Oct 2, 1980
38 years, 259 days
Caesars Palace, Paradise, Nevada, U.S.
For WBC and vacant The Ring heavyweight titles
59
Win
56–3
Leon Spinks
UD
15
Sep 15, 1978
36 years, 241 days
Superdome, New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Won WBA and The Ring heavyweight titles
58
Loss
55–3
Leon Spinks
SD
15
Feb 15, 1978
36 years, 29 days
Las Vegas Hilton, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Lost WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
57
Win
55–2
Earnie Shavers
UD
15
Sep 29, 1977
35 years, 255 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
56
Win
54–2
Alfredo Evangelista
UD
15
May 16, 1977
35 years, 119 days
Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
55
Win
53–2
Ken Norton
UD
15
Sep 28, 1976
34 years, 255 days
Yankee Stadium, New York City, New York, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
54
Win
52–2
Richard Dunn
TKO
5 (15), 2:05
May 24, 1976
34 years, 128 days
Olympiahalle, Munich, West Germany
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
53
Win
51–2
Jimmy Young
UD
15
Apr 30, 1976
34 years, 104 days
Capital Centre, Landover, Maryland, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
52
Win
50–2
Jean-Pierre Coopman
KO
5 (15), 2:46
Feb 20, 1976
34 years, 34 days
Roberto Clemente Coliseum, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
51
Win
49–2
Joe Frazier
RTD
14 (15), 3:00
Oct 1, 1975
33 years, 257 days
Philippine Coliseum, Quezon City, Philippines
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
50
Win
48–2
Joe Bugner
UD
15
July 1, 1975
33 years, 164 days
Stadium Merdeka, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
49
Win
47–2
Ron Lyle
TKO
11 (15), 1:08
May 16, 1975
33 years, 119 days
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
48
Win
46–2
Chuck Wepner
TKO
15 (15), 2:41
Mar 24, 1975
33 years, 66 days
Coliseum, Richfield, Ohio, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
47
Win
45–2
George Foreman
KO
8 (15), 2:58
Oct 30, 1974
32 years, 286 days
Stade du 20 Mai, Kinshasa, Zaire
Won WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
46
Win
44–2
Joe Frazier
UD
12
Jan 28, 1974
32 years, 11 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Retained NABF heavyweight title
45
Win
43–2
Rudie Lubbers
UD
12
Oct 20, 1973
31 years, 276 days
Gelora Bung Karno Stadium, Jakarta, Indonesia
44
Win
42–2
Ken Norton
SD
12
Sep 10, 1973
31 years, 236 days
The Forum, Inglewood, California, U.S.
Won NABF heavyweight title
43
Loss
41–2
Ken Norton
SD
12
Mar 31, 1973
31 years, 73 days
San Diego Sports Arena, San Diego, California, U.S.
Lost NABF heavyweight title
42
Win
41–1
Joe Bugner
UD
12
Feb 14, 1973
31 years, 28 days
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
41
Win
40–1
Bob Foster
KO
8 (12), 0:40
Nov 21, 1972
30 years, 309 days
Sahara Tahoe, Stateline, Nevada, U.S.
Retained NABF heavyweight title
40
Win
39–1
Floyd Patterson
RTD
7 (12), 3:00
Sep 20, 1972
30 years, 247 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Retained NABF heavyweight title
39
Win
38–1
Alvin Lewis
TKO
11 (12), 1:15
Jul 19, 1972
30 years, 184 days
Croke Park, Dublin, Ireland
38
Win
37–1
Jerry Quarry
TKO
7 (12), 0:19
Jun 27, 1972
30 years, 162 days
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Retained NABF heavyweight title
37
Win
36–1
George Chuvalo
UD
12
May 1, 1972
30 years, 105 days
Pacific Coliseum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
Retained NABF heavyweight title
36
Win
35–1
Mac Foster
UD
15
Apr 1, 1972
30 years, 75 days
Nippon Budokan, Tokyo, Japan
35
Win
34–1
Jürgen Blin
KO
7 (12), 2:12
Dec 26, 1971
29 years, 343 days
Hallenstadion, Zürich, Switzerland
34
Win
33–1
Buster Mathis
UD
12
Nov 17, 1971
29 years, 304 days
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Retained NABF heavyweight title
33
Win
32–1
Jimmy Ellis
TKO
12 (12), 2:10
Jul 26, 1971
29 years, 190 days
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Won vacant NABF heavyweight title
32
Loss
31–1
Joe Frazier
UD
15
Mar 8, 1971
29 years, 50 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
For WBA, WBC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
31
Win
31–0
Oscar Bonavena
TKO
15 (15), 2:03
Dec 7, 1970
28 years, 324 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Won vacant NABF heavyweight title
30
Win
30–0
Jerry Quarry
RTD
3 (15), 3:00
Oct 26, 1970
28 years, 282 days
Municipal Auditorium, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
29
Win
29–0
Zora Folley
KO
7 (15), 1:48
Mar 22, 1967
25 years, 64 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
Retained WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
28
Win
28–0
Ernie Terrell
UD
15
Feb 6, 1967
25 years, 20 days
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles;Won WBA heavyweight title
27
Win
27–0
Cleveland Williams
TKO
3 (15), 1:08
Nov 14, 1966
24 years, 301 days
Astrodome, Houston, Texas, U.S.
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
26
Win
26–0
Karl Mildenberger
TKO
12 (15), 1:30
Sep 10, 1966
24 years, 236 days
Waldstadion, Frankfurt, West Germany
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
25
Win
25–0
Brian London
KO
3 (15), 1:40
Aug 6, 1966
24 years, 201 days
Earls Court Exhibition Centre, London, England
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
24
Win
24–0
Henry Cooper
TKO
6 (15), 1:38
May 21, 1966
24 years, 124 days
Arsenal Stadium, London, England
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
23
Win
23–0
George Chuvalo
UD
15
Mar 29, 1966
24 years, 71 days
Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, Canada
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
22
Win
22–0
Floyd Patterson
TKO
12 (15), 2:18
Nov 22, 1965
23 years, 309 days
Las Vegas Convention Center, Winchester, Nevada, U.S.
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
21
Win
21–0
Sonny Liston
KO
1 (15), 2:12
May 25, 1965
23 years, 128 days
Civic Center, Lewiston, Maine, U.S.
Retained WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
20
Win
20–0
Sonny Liston
RTD
6 (15), 3:00
Feb 25, 1964
22 years, 39 days
Convention Center, Miami Beach, Florida, U.S.
Won WBA, WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight titles
19
Win
19–0
Henry Cooper
TKO
5 (10), 2:15
Jun 18, 1963
21 years, 152 days
Wembley Stadium, London, England
18
Win
18–0
Doug Jones
UD
10
Mar 13, 1963
21 years, 55 days
Madison Square Garden, New York City, New York, U.S.
17
Win
17–0
Charlie Powell
KO
3 (10), 2:04
Jan 24, 1963
21 years, 7 days
Civic Arena, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.
16
Win
16–0
Archie Moore
TKO
4 (10), 1:35
Nov 15, 1962
20 years, 302 days
Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
15
Win
15–0
Alejandro Lavorante
KO
5 (10), 1:48
Jul 20, 1962
20 years, 184 days
Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
14
Win
14–0
Billy Daniels
TKO
7 (10), 2:21
May 19, 1962
20 years, 122 days
St. Nicholas Arena, New York City, New York, U.S.
13
Win
13–0
George Logan
TKO
4 (10), 1:34
Apr 23, 1962
20 years, 96 days
Memorial Sports Arena, Los Angeles, California, U.S.
· External links
Preceded by Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway
Preceded by Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway
Olympic Games
Preceded by Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway
Olympic Games
Final Olympic torchbearer Atlanta 1996
Olympic Games
Succeeded by Midori Ito
Preceded by Antonio Rebollo
Preceded by Antonio Rebollo
Olympic Games
Preceded by Antonio Rebollo
Olympic Games
Final Summer Olympic torchbearer Atlanta 1996
Olympic Games
Succeeded by Cathy Freeman
Olympic Games
Preceded by Haakon Magnus, Crown Prince of Norway
Final Olympic torchbearer Atlanta 1996
Succeeded by Midori Ito
Preceded by Antonio Rebollo
Final Summer Olympic torchbearer Atlanta 1996
Succeeded by Cathy Freeman

References

  1. "boxing champion and activist"; "one of the country's most recognized anti-war activists" "professional boxer and social
  2. Attributed to multiple references:
  3. Attributed to multiple references:
  4. These records are shared with Joe Louis and José Napoles, respectively. Both these records were eventually beaten by Wla
  5. Some sources claim that Joe Louis has actually defeated 22 fighters for the world heavyweight title; that would make Lou
  6. Sun Journal
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  93. The Austin American
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  94. Ebony
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  96. The Guardian
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  97. Muhammad Ali's Greatest Fight: Cassius Clay vs. the United States of America
    https://archive.org/details/muhammadalisgrea0000bing
  98. Atlanta
    https://www.atlantamagazine.com/great-reads/knockout-oral-history-muhammad-ali-atlanta-fight-nobody-wanted/
  99. The Palm Beach Post
    https://palmbeachpost.newspapers.com/article/the-palm-beach-post/170982339/
  100. Grantland
    http://www.grantland.com/story/_/id/9123674/don-king-faces-end-career
  101. The Best American Sports Writing 2014
    https://books.google.com/books?id=hEyOBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA149
  102. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-boxing-anniversary-ali-frazier-idUKKCN2AX2IS
  103. Los Angeles Times
    https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-01-15-sp-979-story.html
  104. "Achilles Heel Advertising: Repositioning the Competition"
    http://www.cbc.ca/radio/undertheinfluence/achilles-heel-advertising-repositioning-the-competition-1.3473631
  105. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1971/07/27/archives/victor-at-220-12-in-command-of-houston-bout-ali-stops-ellis-using.html
  106. "Muhammad Ali Talks About His Relationship With Elvis!"
    https://www.boxingnews24.com/2023/04/muhammad-ali-talks-about-his-relationship-with-elvis/
  107. "The King and The Greatest made beautiful music"
    https://www.commercialappeal.com/story/sports/columnists/geoff-calkins/2016/06/04/the-king-and-the-greatest-made-beautiful-music/90559192/
  108. Sports Illustrated
    https://www.si.com/boxing/2020/03/31/this-day-history-ken-norton-muhammad-ali-broken-jaw
  109. "Muhammad Ali – The Rumble In The Jungle(Interview)"
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1aGHpXt_hMc
  110. "Muhammad Ali Inspirational Speech (Cassius Clay Boxing Motivation)"
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dGk0R63C0eM
  111. ShortList
    http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/sport/george-foreman-on-ali
  112. The Morning Herald
    https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-morning-herald/138782533/
  113. The New York Times
    https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1030.html
  114. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2014/oct/29/rumble-in-the-jungle-muhammad-ali-george-foreman-book-extract
  115. USA Today
    https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/boxing/2014/10/29/muhammad-ali-george-foreman-rumble-in-the-jungle-40th-anniversary/18097587/
  116. Jet
    https://books.google.com/books?id=fTkDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA46
  117. briefly.co.za
    https://briefly.co.za/facts-lifehacks/top/152256-most-watched-television-events-world-top-20-list-ranked/
  118. Forbes
    https://www.forbes.com/2006/08/10/rocky-stallone-settlement-cx_rs_0810autofacescan04.html#34f600e166bd
  119. "History Lesson: Thrilla in Manila"
    https://fight-library.com/2019/05/28/history-lesson-thrilla-in-manila/
  120. Muhammad Ali vs Jimmy Young ABC 1080p 60fps (1976)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MR0Wg_XDSoY
  121. jhoonrhee.com
    https://web.archive.org/web/20190506223915/http://www.jhoonrhee.com/bio7.html
  122. The Paris News
    http://www.newspaperarchive.com/SiteMap/FreePdfPreview.aspx?img=110827611%3Fsec%3DSports
  123. Read Peter Finney's column on Ali vs. Spinks 2 at the Superdome in 1978 Archived April 19, 2018, at the Wayback Machine,
    http://www.nola.com/sports/index.ssf/2016/06/read_peter_finneys_column_from.html
  124. Muhammad Ali, The Glory Years, Felix Dennis and Don Atyeo, p. 258.
  125. The Last Flight of the Butterfly: Remembering Ali vs Spinks II Archived April 19, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, Ringside
    http://ringsidereport.com/?p=63321
  126. CNN
    https://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/21/us/muhammad-ali-fast-facts
  127. Las Vegas Sun
    http://www.lasvegassun.com/muhammad-ali/timeline/
  128. The Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/sports/1980/10/15/ali-faces-ring-suspension/20b7b27d-ce78-485e-9b10-399387218d5a/
  129. The Times
    https://www.thetimes.com/sport/article/failed-drug-test-was-sign-of-the-great-mans-decline-bcrwwbvnj
  130. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/27/arts/television/27muhammad.html
  131. AP Archived November 12, 2020, at the Wayback Machine "Muhammad Ali's doctor doubts boxing led to Parkinson's", Associat
    https://www.cbc.ca/sports/muhammad-ali-doctor-doubts-parkinsons-1.3619442
  132. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/20/sports/change-in-drug-helps-ali-improve.html?sec=health
  133. The Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19810816&id=9_EwAAAAIBAJ&pg=2603,113296&hl=en
  134. Lawrence Journal-World
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2199&dat=19811212&id=XKUyAAAAIBAJ&pg=3700,2405394&hl=en
  135. Sports Illustrated
    https://www.si.com/vault/1981/12/21/826243/not-with-a-bang-but-a-whisper-after-losing-to-trevor-berbick-a-subdued-muhammad-ali-softly-admitted-that-his-illustrious-career-had-come-to-an-end
  136. The Sweet Science
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120221001501/http://www.thesweetscience.com/news/articles/1716-the-joke-that-almost-ended-ali-s-career
  137. The New York Times
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120823203212/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/14/sports/michael-dokes-larger-than-life-heavyweight-boxer-dies-at-54.html
  138. LasVegasSun.com
    https://lasvegassun.com/photos/galleries/2014/may/24/0524_sammy_davis/537957/
  139. Boxing Hall of Fame
    http://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-footballs-lyle-alzado/
  140. Greatesthockeylegends.com
    http://www.greatesthockeylegends.com/2008/01/ali-vs-semenko-it-really-happened.html
  141. Doncholito.org
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150706181727/http://www.doncholito.org/filantropia.html
  142. Muhammad Ali Center
    https://alicenter.org/rahaman-ali-younger-brother-of-muhammad-ali-dies-at-82/
  143. Muhammad Ali: "I Am the Greatest"
    https://books.google.com/books?id=wjeaQAmQ0FMC&pg=PA54
  144. Ali: A Life
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  145. Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times
  146. Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times
  147. nbcmiami.com
    https://www.nbcmiami.com/news/local/the-secrets-of-ali-former-wife-of-boxing-champ-tells-all/126869/
  148. Jet
    https://books.google.com/books?id=L7QDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA38
  149. "Muhammad Ali's son shut off from dad, living in poverty"
    https://nypost.com/2014/01/26/muhammad-alis-son-shut-off-dad-living-in-poverty-in-chicago/
  150. Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2021/12/10/nico-ali-walsh-muhammad-ali-grandson/
  151. ESPN
    https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00014057.html
  152. The Philadelphia Inquirer
    https://www.inquirer.com/philly/news/local/20091025_Charity_mission_to_commemorate_a_memorable_fight.html
  153. New York Daily News
    https://web.archive.org/web/20161018225647/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/gossip/ali-daughter-tosses-book-ring-article-1.906525
  154. UPI
    http://www.upi.com/Archives/1986/01/28/Former-three-time-heavyweight-boxing-champion-Muhammad-Ali-agreed-Tuesday/9145507272400/
  155. "Muhammed Ali Biography (sic)"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150404103321/http://www.lifetimetv.co.uk/biography/biography-muhammed-ali
  156. USA Today
    http://ftw.usatoday.com/2014/10/muhammad-alis-ex-wife-reveals-details-about-their-secret-wedding
  157. "Laila Ali expecting a baby"
    http://sandrarose.com/2008/03/laila-ali-expecting-a-baby
  158. People
    https://people.com/sports/muhammad-alis-ex-wives-forgave-his-infidelity/
  159. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/10/sports/muhammad-ali-wife-lonnie-ali.html
  160. Allen, Nick (June 5, 2016), "Could Muhammad Ali's $80m fortune become subject of bitter legal battle?" Archived June 20,
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/05/could-muhammad-alis-80m-fortune-become-subject-of-bitter-legal-b/
  161. United Press International
    https://web.archive.org/web/20140813104029/http://www.upi.com/Sports_News/2013/02/04/Brother-Muhammad-Alis-health-failing/UPI-72601359961200/
  162. The Herald-Palladium
    https://www.heraldpalladium.com/news/when-ali-was-king/article_b2f9f7b8-6988-57e1-a73f-78c2fdf67312.html
  163. The Courier-Journal
    https://web.archive.org/web/20090325161651/http://www.greaterlouisville.com/content/community/FYI/pdf/files/ali%20will%20return%20home,%20buys%20louisville%20house.pdf
  164. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
    https://web.archive.org/web/20120118060129/http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/07337/838655-129.stm
  165. "Laila Ali"
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  166. "Boxing- Muhammad Ali"
    http://www.womenboxing.com/ali.htm
  167. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/12/sports/othersports/laila-ali-with-her-father-watching-stays-undefeated.html
  168. Fox Sports
    http://www.foxsports.com/ufc/story/kevin-casey-will-fight-at-ufc-199-despite-passing-of-legendary-father-in-law-muhammad-ali-060416
  169. You Magazine
    https://www.you.co.uk/hana-ali-my-dad-the-greatest/
  170. Jet
    https://books.google.com/books?id=LjsDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA32
  171. The Seattle Times
    https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19930912/1720560/still-larger-than-life----to-millions-muhammad-ali-will-always-be-the-champ
  172. Entertainment Celebrities
    https://books.google.com/books?id=mzTW9Nitee4C
  173. "Angels draft boxing legend Ali's son"
    http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20090611&content_id=5270622&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb
  174. Daily Mirror
    https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/muhammad-alis-secret-daughter-begs-4256662
  175. sic
    http://omgvoice.com/news/kiiursti-mensah-ali/
  176. The Daily Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/06/04/muhammad-alis-tangled-love-life-leaves-troubled-legacy/
  177. The Daily Express
    http://www.express.co.uk/celebrity-news/157579/Ali-s-alleged-lovechild-talks-to-tabloids
  178. United Press International
    https://www.upi.com/Archives/1981/04/24/An-18-year-old-woman-has-filed-suit-seeking-3-million/3454356936400/
  179. Temica Williams a/k/a Rebecca Jean Holloway, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Muhammad Ali, Defendant-Appellee
    https://web.archive.org/web/20161019000108/http://www.allcourtdata.com/law/case/williams-v-ali/cw3BaicI?page=1
  180. Ali: A Life: Shortlisted for the William Hill Sports Book of the Year 2017
    https://books.google.com/books?id=JzjeDQAAQBAJ&q=veronica%2Beveryone%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bcamp%2Bgirl%2Bveronica%2Btemica%2Bali&pg=PR55
  181. Ali: A Life
    https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/968294310
  182. The Ring
    https://www.ringtv.com/518783-ali-life-biography-thats-not-greatest/
  183. The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2016/jun/04/muhammad-ali-key-chapters
  184. The Pittsburgh Press
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19640207&id=XF4bAAAAIBAJ&pg=5091,2145696
  185. ESPN
    https://www.espn.com/sportscentury/features/00014063.html
  186. Chicago Sun-Times
    http://chicago.suntimes.com/sports/steinberg-for-a-time-ali-called-chicago-home
  187. "History website, Muhammad Ali: "Cassius Clay is my slave name""
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p014mvdx
  188. Yale News
    https://news.yale.edu/2016/06/09/muhammad-ali-originally-named-ardent-abolitionist-and-yale-alumnus-cassius-clay
  189. The New York Times
    https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/98/10/25/specials/ali-heritage.html?_r=1
  190. 9News
    http://www.9news.com.au/world/2016/06/05/06/23/muhammad-ali-s-other-fight-for-civil-rights
  191. The New York Times
    https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F07E6DA1230E033A2575AC0A9659C946591D6CF
  192. National Review
    https://www.nationalreview.com/nrd/articles/431161/champ-and-mr-x
  193. The Soul of a Butterfly: Reflections on Life's Journey
    https://books.google.com/books?id=h6G-Cy5c0GgC
  194. "'Trials of Muhammad Ali' highlights boxer's anti-war opposition"
    http://thegrio.com/2013/09/06/trials-of-muhammad-ali-highlights-boxers-anti-war-opposition/
  195. Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times
    https://books.google.com/books?id=6aaV0p8jaeUC&q=beget
  196. The Soul of a Butterfly
  197. sic
    http://www.emel.com/article?id=109&a_id=1722&c=32
  198. Mashable
    http://mashable.com/2016/06/04/muhammad-ali-retirement-video/
  199. The Times of India
    http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kozhikode/Muhammad-Alis-visit-was-Kozhikodes-knockout-moment/articleshow/52597630.cms
  200. "Muhammad Ali: The face of 'real Islam'"
    http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/06/muhammad-ali-face-real-islam-160606040559103.html
  201. CNN
    https://edition.cnn.com/2016/04/28/sport/muhammad-ali-five-things-boxing/
  202. The Telegraph
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/boxing/2016/03/02/family-faith-and-magic-tricks-my-40-year-friendship-with-muhamma/
  203. On Being
    https://web.archive.org/web/20161220165249/http://www.onbeing.org/blog/omid-safi-muhammad-ali-unapologetically-black-unapologetically-muslim/8735
  204. Beliefnet
    http://www.beliefnet.com/faiths/islam/2005/02/muhammad-alis-new-spiritual-quest.aspx?
  205. On Being
    https://uwaterloo.ca/studies-in-islam/people-profiles/timothy-gianotti-0
  206. On Being
    https://uwaterloo.ca/studies-in-islam/news/prof-gianotti-plans-muhammad-alis-funeral-and-memorial
  207. King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero
    https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA93
  208. King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero
    https://books.google.com/books?id=vkvoAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA135
  209. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/28/theater/muhammad-ali-broadway-buck-white.html
  210. Buck White
    https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/buck-white-3305
  211. Andscape
    https://andscape.com/features/black-rodeo-cowboys-paraded-through-harlem-with-muhammad-ali/
  212. The Greatest: My Own Story
    https://books.google.com/books?id=EkfhAAAAMAAJ
  213. Reuters
    https://www.reuters.com/article/us-people-ali-quotes-factbox-idUSKCN0YQ082
  214. Stand By Me
    https://web.archive.org/web/20131022125127/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTlN6pU01K0
  215. "Different versions of 'Stand By Me'"
    http://www.secondhandsongs.com/performance/80810
  216. Andscape
    https://andscape.com/features/muhammad-ali-i-am-the-greatest-album/
  217. Rolling Stone
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180515184644/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/muhammad-ali-worlds-greatest-boxer-was-also-hip-hop-pioneer-20160604
  218. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/09/opinion/muhammad-ali-the-political-poet.html
  219. Rolling Stone
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180515184644/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/muhammad-ali-worlds-greatest-boxer-was-also-hip-hop-pioneer-20160604
  220. Rolling Stone
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180515185135/https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/news/muhammad-ali-4-ways-he-changed-america-20160605
  221. Awards & Shows
    http://www.awardsandshows.com/features/grammy-awards-1964-216.html
  222. "Muhammad Ali Boxing a Monsoon – Boxing Hall of Fame"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150916221053/http://boxinghalloffame.com/muhammad-ali-boxing-a-monsoon/
  223. PWI 2007 Wrestling Almanac & Book of facts
  224. NK News
    https://www.nknews.org/2020/04/collision-in-korea-pyongyangs-historic-socialism-and-spandex-spectacular/
  225. wwe.com
    https://www.wwe.com/article/muhammad-ali-to-be-inducted-into-wwe-hall-of-fame-class-of-2024
  226. WrestleZone
    https://www.yahoo.com/entertainment/undertaker-inducts-muhammad-ali-wwe-041142029.html
  227. TV by the Numbers
    https://web.archive.org/web/20161008211435/http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/reference/academy-awards-show-ratings/
  228. Muhammad Ali: His Life and Times
    https://books.google.com/books?id=7K6-AgAAQBAJ&pg=PT431
  229. Sitcoms Online
    http://www.sitcomsonline.com/diffrentstrokesseason2dvdreview.html
  230. Ali: The Official Portrait of "The Greatest" of All Time
    https://books.google.com/books?id=6ClZDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA293
  231. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/26/arts/26arts-OLYMPICSRATI_BRF.html
  232. billboard.com
    https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/78313/heroes-telethon-raises-150-million/
  233. "Weekly top 30 programmes"
    https://www.barb.co.uk/viewing-data/weekly-top-30/
  234. "Annual Report 2016"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20201203175252/https://alicenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/2016-Annual-Report-FINAL_spreads.pdf
  235. Washington Post
    https://www.washingtonpost.com/sports/2021/10/06/muhammad-ali-art-auction-sells-boxing/
  236. ARTnews.com
    https://www.artnews.com/art-news/market/muhammad-ali-bonhams-sale-1234605878/
  237. The Wall Street Journal
    https://www.wsj.com/articles/boxing-legend-muhammad-alis-art-sells-for-nearly-1-million-in-auction-11633532646
  238. The Economist
    https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21730621-downfall-tragic-rebellious-hero-new-biography-muhammad-ali
  239. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/22/sports/sports-people-ali-leaves-hospital-vowing-take-better-care-himself-get-more-sleep.html
  240. Southern Medical Journal
    https://doi.org/10.1097%2F00007611-198905000-00002
  241. "WrestleMania I: Celebrities"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110605013012/http://www.wwe.com/shows/wrestlemania/history/wm1/celebrities/
  242. "Happy Birthday to 'The Greatest'"
    http://www.wwe.com/inside/news/archive/alibday
  243. Sky News
    https://news.sky.com/story/muhammad-ali-handed-humanitarian-honour-10470033
  244. Biography.com
    https://www.biography.com/people/muhammad-ali-9181165
  245. Greatest Sports Heroes of All Times: North American Edition
    https://books.google.com/books?id=81mybCXNstAC&pg=PA20
  246. BBC News
    https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-36469288
  247. The Nation
    http://www.thenation.com/article/andrew-cuomo-would-have-blacklisted-muhammad-ali/
  248. Sports Politika
    https://www.sportspolitika.news/p/muhammad-ali-palestine-israel-activism
  249. The New Inquiry
    https://thenewinquiry.com/muhammad-ali-we-still-love-you/
  250. Gulf Times
    http://www.gulf-times.com/story/497055/Muhammad-Ali-s-forgotten-land-in-Bangladesh
  251. The New Inquiry
    https://thenewinquiry.com/muhammad-ali-we-still-love-you/
  252. "'The Greatest' Muhammad Ali Walks On"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160821134332/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/06/04/greatest-muhammad-ali-walks-164692
  253. What's My Name: Muhammad Ali
  254. Hauser 2004, p. 397
  255. Politico Magazine
    https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2016/06/muhammad-ali-diplomat-213941/
  256. "Muhammad Ali: Africa remembers the boxing legend"
    http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-09/muhummad-ali-is-remembered-by-africa/7495452
  257. Slate
    http://www.slate.com/articles/sports/sports_nut/2016/06/the_time_muhammad_ali_stopped_a_man_from_leaping_to_his_death.html
  258. "Ali Talks Would-Be Jumper Off Ninth-Floor Fire Escape"
    https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19810119&id=CRJPAAAAIBAJ&pg=6956,2319132&hl=en
  259. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1984/10/03/us/campaign-notes-muhammad-ali-switches-his-support-to-reagan.html
  260. Jewish Telegraphic Agency
    http://archive.jta.org/1985/06/28/archive/muhammad-ali-steps-into-ring
  261. "Muhammad Ali 2012 Liberty Medal Ceremony"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20180118064736/https://constitutioncenter.org/calendar/muhammad-ali-2012-liberty-medal-ceremony
  262. "How Muhammad Ali became a sporting hero to the Arab world"
    http://english.alarabiya.net/en/sports/2016/06/04/How-Muhammad-Ali-became-a-sporting-hero-to-the-Arab-world.html
  263. Politico
    https://www.politico.com/story/2016/06/muhammad-ali-orrin-hatch-224132
  264. The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/1990/11/27/world/mideast-tensions-at-baghdad-s-bazaar-everyone-wants-hostages.html
  265. "I was with Muhammad Ali on his hostage-release trip to Iraq — and the media has it all wrong"
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  278. ""I'm blessed and thankful to God that I understand he's trying me. This is a trial from God. He gave me this illness to remind me that I am not number one; He is." – #MuhammadAli reflecting on having Parkinson's disease. . #Giving #Strength #Blessed #God"
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  377. "OK – just finished watching the eight hour rough cut of Ken Burns' forthcoming documentary about Muhammad Ali. It is utterly outstanding. Not sure when it will be released, but the footage they found will blow minds and the great Ali will come alive for a new generation. https://t.co/KnizgnK07H"
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