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Mount Tambora

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Mount Tambora

Mount Tambora, or Tomboro, is an active stratovolcano in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Located on Sumbawa in the Lesser Sunda Islands, volcanism is the result of subduction zones. The 1815 eruption was the largest in recorded history, erupting up to 150 cubic kilometers of volcanic material, making it a VEI-7 on the Volcanic explosivity index. This caused the summer of 1816 to become known as the "Year Without a Summer" due to global cooling from the eruption.

Infobox

Elevation
2,722 m (8,930 ft)
Prominence
2,722 m (8,930 ft)
Listing
Ultras Ribu
Coordinates
mw- 8°15′S 118°0′E / 8.250°S 118.000°E / -8.250; 118.000
Location
Bima and Dompu Regencies, Sanggar peninsula, Sumbawa, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia
Rock age
Late Pleistocene-recent
Mountain type
Trachybasaltic-trachyandesitic stratovolcano
Volcanic arc
Sunda Arc
Last eruption
1967
Easiest route
Southeast: Doro MbohaNorthwest: Pancasila

Tables

Comparison of major volcanic eruptions · History › 1815 eruption › Fatalities
Taupō Volcano
Taupō Volcano
Volcano
Taupō Volcano
Location
New Zealand
Year
181
Columnheight (km)
51
VEI
7
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
?
Fatalities
unlikely
Paektu Mountain
Paektu Mountain
Volcano
Paektu Mountain
Location
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Year
946
Columnheight (km)
25
VEI
7
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
?
Fatalities
?
Mount Samalas
Mount Samalas
Volcano
Mount Samalas
Location
Indonesia
Year
1257
Columnheight (km)
38–43
VEI
7
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−1.2
Fatalities
?
1452/1453 mystery eruption
1452/1453 mystery eruption
Volcano
1452/1453 mystery eruption
Location
Unknown
Year
1452
Columnheight (km)
?
VEI
7
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−0.5
Fatalities
?
Huaynaputina
Huaynaputina
Volcano
Huaynaputina
Location
Peru
Year
1600
Columnheight (km)
46
VEI
6
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−0.8
Fatalities
≈1,400
Mount Tambora
Mount Tambora
Volcano
Mount Tambora
Location
Indonesia
Year
1815
Columnheight (km)
44
VEI
7
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−0.5
Fatalities
>71,000
Krakatoa
Krakatoa
Volcano
Krakatoa
Location
Indonesia
Year
1883
Columnheight (km)
80
VEI
6
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−0.3
Fatalities
36,600
Santa María Volcano
Santa María Volcano
Volcano
Santa María Volcano
Location
Guatemala
Year
1902
Columnheight (km)
34
VEI
6
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
no anomaly
Fatalities
7,000–13,000
Novarupta
Novarupta
Volcano
Novarupta
Location
United States
Year
1912
Columnheight (km)
32
VEI
6
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−0.4
Fatalities
2
Mount St. Helens
Mount St. Helens
Volcano
Mount St. Helens
Location
United States
Year
1980
Columnheight (km)
24
VEI
5
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
no anomaly
Fatalities
57
El Chichón
El Chichón
Volcano
El Chichón
Location
Mexico
Year
1982
Columnheight (km)
32
VEI
5
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
?
Fatalities
>2,000
Nevado del Ruiz
Nevado del Ruiz
Volcano
Nevado del Ruiz
Location
Colombia
Year
1985
Columnheight (km)
27
VEI
3
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
no anomaly
Fatalities
23,000
Mount Pinatubo
Mount Pinatubo
Volcano
Mount Pinatubo
Location
Philippines
Year
1991
Columnheight (km)
34
VEI
6
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
−0.5
Fatalities
1,202
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai
Volcano
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai
Location
Tonga
Year
2022
Columnheight (km)
58
VEI
5–6
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
?
Fatalities
6
Sources: Oppenheimer (2003), and Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
Sources: Oppenheimer (2003), and Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
Volcano
Sources: Oppenheimer (2003), and Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program
Volcano
Location
Year
Columnheight (km)
VEI
N. hemispheresummer anomaly (°C)
Fatalities
Taupō Volcano
New Zealand
181
51
7
?
unlikely
Paektu Mountain
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
946
25
7
?
?
Mount Samalas
Indonesia
1257
38–43
7
−1.2
?
1452/1453 mystery eruption
Unknown
1452
?
7
−0.5
?
Huaynaputina
Peru
1600
46
6
−0.8
≈1,400
Mount Tambora
Indonesia
1815
44
7
−0.5
>71,000
Krakatoa
Indonesia
1883
80
6
−0.3
36,600
Santa María Volcano
Guatemala
1902
34
6
no anomaly
7,000–13,000
Novarupta
United States
1912
32
6
−0.4
2
Mount St. Helens
United States
1980
24
5
no anomaly
57
El Chichón
Mexico
1982
32
5
?
>2,000
Nevado del Ruiz
Colombia
1985
27
3
no anomaly
23,000
Mount Pinatubo
Philippines
1991
34
6
−0.5
1,202
Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai
Tonga
2022
58
5–6
?
6
Sources: Oppenheimer (2003), and Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program

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