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Matilda of Flanders

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Matilda of Flanders

Matilda of Flanders (French: Mathilde; Dutch: Machteld; German: Mechtild) (c. 1031 – 2 November 1083) was Queen of England and Duchess of Normandy by marriage to William the Conqueror, and regent of Normandy during his absences from the duchy. She was the mother of at least nine children who survived to adulthood, including two kings, William II and Henry I.

Infobox

Tenure
25 December 1066 – 2 November 1083
Coronation
11 May 1068
Born
c. 1031
Died
2 November 1083 (aged c. 52)
Burial
l'Abbaye aux Dames Caen, Normandy
Spouse
William I of England (m. 1051/2)
IssueDetail
mw- Robert II, Duke of Normandy Richard of Normandy Adeliza Cecilia William II, King of England Constance, Duchess of Brittany Adela, Countess of Blois Henry I, King of England
House
Flanders
Father
Baldwin V, Count of Flanders
Mother
Adela of France

Tables

· Issue
Robert
Robert
Child
Robert
Birth – Death
c. 1053 – 10 February 1134
Notes
Duke of Normandy; married Sybil of Conversano, daughter of Geoffrey of Conversano.
Richard
Richard
Child
Richard
Birth – Death
c. 1055 – c. 1069–74
Notes
Died young.
Adeliza (or Adelida/Adelaide)
Adeliza (or Adelida/Adelaide)
Child
Adeliza (or Adelida/Adelaide)
Birth – Death
c. 1057 – c. 1073
Notes
Betrothed to Harold Godwinson; later a nun at St Léger, Préaux.
Cecilia (or Cecily)
Cecilia (or Cecily)
Child
Cecilia (or Cecily)
Birth – Death
c. 1058 – 1127
Notes
Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen.
William Rufus
William Rufus
Child
William Rufus
Birth – Death
c. 1060 – 2 August 1100
Notes
King of England; killed in the New Forest.
Matilda
Matilda
Child
Matilda
Birth – Death
c. 1061 – c. 1086
Notes
Possibly identical to Matilda d’Aincourt.
Constance
Constance
Child
Constance
Birth – Death
c. 1062 – 1090
Notes
Married Alan IV Fergent, Duke of Brittany.
Adela
Adela
Child
Adela
Birth – Death
c. 1067 – 1137
Notes
Married Stephen, Count of Blois; mother of King Stephen of England.
Henry
Henry
Child
Henry
Birth – Death
late 1068 – 1 December 1135
Notes
King of England; married Matilda of Scotland and later Adeliza of Louvain.
Agatha
Agatha
Child
Agatha
Birth – Death
—
Notes
Betrothed to Harold Godwinson, Alfonso VI of Castile, and possibly Herbert I, Count of Maine, but died unmarried.
Child
Birth – Death
Notes
Robert
c. 1053 – 10 February 1134
Duke of Normandy; married Sybil of Conversano, daughter of Geoffrey of Conversano.
Richard
c. 1055 – c. 1069–74
Died young.
Adeliza (or Adelida/Adelaide)
c. 1057 – c. 1073
Betrothed to Harold Godwinson; later a nun at St Léger, Préaux.
Cecilia (or Cecily)
c. 1058 – 1127
Abbess of Holy Trinity, Caen.
William Rufus
c. 1060 – 2 August 1100
King of England; killed in the New Forest.
Matilda
c. 1061 – c. 1086
Possibly identical to Matilda d’Aincourt.
Constance
c. 1062 – 1090
Married Alan IV Fergent, Duke of Brittany.
Adela
c. 1067 – 1137
Married Stephen, Count of Blois; mother of King Stephen of England.
Henry
late 1068 – 1 December 1135
King of England; married Matilda of Scotland and later Adeliza of Louvain.
Agatha
—
Betrothed to Harold Godwinson, Alfonso VI of Castile, and possibly Herbert I, Count of Maine, but died unmarried.
· References › Sources
Royal titles
Royal titles
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
Royal titles
Preceded byAdela of France
Preceded byAdela of France
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
Preceded byAdela of France
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
Duchess consort of Normandy 1053 – 2 November 1083
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
VacantTitle next held bySybilla of Conversano
VacantTitle last held byEdith of Mercia
VacantTitle last held byEdith of Mercia
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
VacantTitle last held byEdith of Mercia
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
Queen consort of England 25 December 1066 – 2 November 1083
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
VacantTitle next held byMatilda of Scotland
Matilda of Flanders House of FlandersBorn: c. 1031 Died: 2 November 1083
Royal titles
Preceded byAdela of France
Duchess consort of Normandy 1053 – 2 November 1083
VacantTitle next held bySybilla of Conversano
VacantTitle last held byEdith of Mercia
Queen consort of England 25 December 1066 – 2 November 1083
VacantTitle next held byMatilda of Scotland

References

  1. Matilda's principal attribute was her descent from Charlemagne and her many royal ancestors, her closest being her grand
  2. It is not certain Adeliza and Agatha were distinct daughters, but if they were, William of Jumièges likely confused them
  3. van Houts 2004b.
  4. Gathagan 2016.
  5. Oksanen 2012, p. 6.
  6. Thorn, Thorn & Morris 1985, Part 2 (notes), 24,21, quoting Freeman 1871, Appendix, note 0.
  7. Freeman 1871, pp. 761–764.
  8. Schwennicke 1984, Tafeln 5, 11, 81.
  9. HistoryExtra
    https://www.historyextra.com/period/norman/matilda-william-the-conquerors-queen/
  10. Chicago Tribune
    https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1985-05-12-8501300010-story.html
  11. Lives of the Queens of England
  12. The Queens of England and Their Times
  13. Hilliam 2004, p. 20.
  14. Hilton 2010, p. 17.
  15. Douglas 1964, p. 79.
  16. Gillingham 1975, p. 26.
  17. Keats-Rohan 1999, p. 495.
  18. Morris 2012, p. 67.
  19. Hilton 2010, p. 18.
  20. Bates 1982, p. 199.
  21. Douglas 1964, p. 393.
  22. Gathagan 1999.
  23. van Houts 1988, p. 166.
  24. Hilton 2010, pp. 31–32.
  25. Borman 2011.
  26. Huneycutt 2003, p. 50.
  27. Gathagan 2020, p. 90.
  28. Hilton 2010, p. 35.
  29. Hilton 2010, p. 33.
  30. Huneycutt 2003, p. 51.
  31. Gathagan 1999, p. 37.
  32. Norton 2001, p. 3.
  33. Given-Wilson & Curteis 1984, p. 59.
  34. Hilton 2010, p. 29.
  35. Hilton 2010, p. 37.
  36. Epistolae: Medieval Women's Latin Letters
    https://epistolae.ctl.columbia.edu/woman/18.html
  37. Huneycutt 2003, p. 10.
  38. Hilton 2010, p. 39.
  39. ThoughtCo
    https://www.thoughtco.com/matilda-of-flanders-3529626
  40. Hilliam 2004, p. 91.
  41. Hilliam 2011, p. 172.
  42. Douglas 1964, p. 362.
  43. Dewhurst 1981, pp. 271–272.
  44. Douglas 1964, p. 370.
  45. Medieval Prosopography
    https://www.jstor.org/stable/45048108
  46. Douglas 1964, p. 394.
  47. Thompson 2004.
  48. van Houts 2004a.
  49. Fryde et al. 1996, p. 35.
  50. Gathagan 2017, p. 841.
  51. Sharpe 2007, pp. 1–27.
  52. Nottingham Medieval Studies 36: 42–78.
  53. Douglas 1964, p. 395.
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