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Martello tower

Updated: Wikipedia source

Martello tower

A Martello tower is a type of small defensive fort that was built across the British Empire during the 19th century, from the time of the French Revolutionary Wars onwards. Most were for coastal defense. A Martello tower stands up to 40 feet (12 m) high, with two floors and a typical garrison of one officer and 15–25 men. The round structure and thick solid masonry walls made it resistant to cannon fire, while its height made it an ideal platform for a single heavy artillery piece, mounted on the flat roof and able to traverse over a complete 360 degrees. A few towers had moats or other batteries and works attached for extra defence. The Martello tower was used during the first half of the 19th century, but became obsolete with the introduction of powerful rifled artillery. Many have survived to the present day, often preserved as historic monuments.

Tables

· Martello towers around the world › List of Martello towers outside Great Britain
Fort Denison
Fort Denison
Country
Australia
Location
Sydney
Tower name
Fort Denison
Built
1856
Current status
Museum, harbour light station.
River Fort Martello Tower
River Fort Martello Tower
Country
Barbuda
Location
Near Palmetto Point
Tower name
River Fort Martello Tower
Fort Recovery
Fort Recovery
Country
British Virgin Islands
Location
Tortola
Tower name
Fort Recovery
Current status
Private (hotel)
Prince of Wales's Tower
Prince of Wales's Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Point Pleasant Park, Nova Scotia
Tower name
Prince of Wales's Tower
Built
1796
Current status
Open to public
Duke of York's Tower
Duke of York's Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Tower name
Duke of York's Tower
Built
c.1798
Current status
Lower levels still exist. Site partially boarded off, can be visited
Duke of Clarence's Tower
Duke of Clarence's Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Tower name
Duke of Clarence's Tower
Built
c.1798
Current status
Demolished prior to 1900
Fort Frederick
Fort Frederick
Country
Canada
Location
Kingston, Ontario
Tower name
Fort Frederick
Built
1846/7
Current status
Museum
Murney Tower
Murney Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Kingston, Ontario
Tower name
Murney Tower
Built
1846
Current status
Museum
Shoal Tower
Shoal Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Kingston, Ontario
Tower name
Shoal Tower
Built
1846
Current status
Closed to Public
Cathcart Tower
Cathcart Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Kingston, Ontario
Tower name
Cathcart Tower
Built
1846
Current status
Closed to Public
Tower #1
Tower #1
Country
Canada
Location
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower name
Tower #1
Built
1808–1812
Current status
Museum
Tower #2
Tower #2
Country
Canada
Location
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower name
Tower #2
Built
1808–1812
Current status
Open for group activities through National Battlefields Commission
Tower #3
Tower #3
Country
Canada
Location
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower name
Tower #3
Built
1808–1812
Current status
Destroyed
Tower #4
Tower #4
Country
Canada
Location
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower name
Tower #4
Built
1808–1812
Current status
Tourist activity - Escape game
Carleton Martello Tower
Carleton Martello Tower
Country
Canada
Location
Saint John, New Brunswick
Tower name
Carleton Martello Tower
Built
1815
Current status
Museum
Forteca Korčula (Fort Wellington)
Forteca Korčula (Fort Wellington)
Country
Croatia
Location
Korčula
Tower name
Forteca Korčula (Fort Wellington)
Built
1813
Current status
Deserted, accessible to hikers
Hanumant Bastion
Hanumant Bastion
Country
India
Location
Arnala Island
Tower name
Hanumant Bastion
Built
c. 1530s
Current status
Deserted and Dilapidated.
Gabhla Fhranca
Gabhla Fhranca
Country
Ireland
Location
Achill Island
Tower name
Gabhla Fhranca
Built
c. 1803–1815
Current status
Partially collapsed but accessible to hikers
Aughinish Tower
Aughinish Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Aughinish
Tower name
Aughinish Tower
Built
1811
Current status
Private residence
Meelick Martello Tower
Meelick Martello Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Banagher
Tower name
Meelick Martello Tower
Current status
Private residence
Millmount Fort
Millmount Fort
Country
Ireland
Location
Drogheda
Tower name
Millmount Fort
Built
c. 1808
Current status
Extant
North No. 12
North No. 12
Country
Ireland
Location
Balbriggan
Tower name
North No. 12
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 11
North No. 11
Country
Ireland
Location
Skerries, Red Island
Tower name
North No. 11
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 10
North No. 10
Country
Ireland
Location
Skerries, Shenick Island
Tower name
North No. 10
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 9
North No. 9
Country
Ireland
Location
Drumanagh
Tower name
North No. 9
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 8
North No. 8
Country
Ireland
Location
Rush
Tower name
North No. 8
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 7
North No. 7
Country
Ireland
Location
Portrane, Tower Bay
Tower name
North No. 7
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
North No. 6
North No. 6
Country
Ireland
Location
Donabate, Balcarrick
Tower name
North No. 6
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 5, Hicks Tower
North No. 5, Hicks Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Malahide, Robswall
Tower name
North No. 5, Hicks Tower
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
North No. 4
North No. 4
Country
Ireland
Location
Portmarnock, Carrickhill
Tower name
North No. 4
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
North No. 3
North No. 3
Country
Ireland
Location
Ireland's Eye
Tower name
North No. 3
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
North No. 2
North No. 2
Country
Ireland
Location
Howth, Harbour Rd.
Tower name
North No. 2
Built
1804–05
Current status
Ye Olde Hurdy Gurdy Museum of Vintage Radio
North No. 1
North No. 1
Country
Ireland
Location
Sutton South
Tower name
North No. 1
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
South No. 16
South No. 16
Country
Ireland
Location
Sandymount
Tower name
South No. 16
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
South No. 15
South No. 15
Country
Ireland
Location
Williamstown
Tower name
South No. 15
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
South No. 14
South No. 14
Country
Ireland
Location
Seapoint
Tower name
South No. 14
Built
1804–05
Current status
Restored. Exhibition on the history of Dublin's Martello Towers. Guided tours during the summer months
South No. 13
South No. 13
Country
Ireland
Location
Kingstown Harbour, West Pier
Tower name
South No. 13
Built
1804–05
Current status
Tower & battery, both demolished 1836 during extension of Dublin & Kingstown Railway
South No. 12
South No. 12
Country
Ireland
Location
Dún Laoghaire, site of present-day Peoples Park
Tower name
South No. 12
Built
1804–05
South No. 11, James Joyce's Martello tower
South No. 11, James Joyce's Martello tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Sandycove
Tower name
South No. 11, James Joyce's Martello tower
Built
1804–05
Current status
James Joyce Tower and Museum
South No. 10
South No. 10
Country
Ireland
Location
Bulloch Harbour
Tower name
South No. 10
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
South No. 9
South No. 9
Country
Ireland
Location
Dalkey Island
Tower name
South No. 9
Built
1804–05
Current status
Extant
South No. 8
South No. 8
Country
Ireland
Location
Killiney, south end of Strathmore Road
Tower name
South No. 8
Built
1804–05
Current status
Site of battery, not tower
South No. 7
South No. 7
Country
Ireland
Location
Killiney, Tara Hill
Tower name
South No. 7
Built
1804–05
Current status
Fully restored
South No. 6, Enoch's Tower
South No. 6, Enoch's Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Killiney, beach
Tower name
South No. 6, Enoch's Tower
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
South No. 5
South No. 5
Country
Ireland
Location
Shanganagh
Tower name
South No. 5
Built
1804–05
Current status
Site of battery, not tower
South No. 4
South No. 4
Country
Ireland
Location
Shanganagh, Mahera Point
Tower name
South No. 4
Built
1804–05
Current status
Lost to coastal erosion
South No. 3
South No. 3
Country
Ireland
Location
Bray, Corke Abbey
Tower name
South No. 3
Built
1804–05
Current status
Lost to coastal erosion
South No. 2
South No. 2
Country
Ireland
Location
Bray harbour
Tower name
South No. 2
Built
1804–05
Current status
Private residence
South No. 1
South No. 1
Country
Ireland
Location
Bray beach
Tower name
South No. 1
Built
1804–05
Current status
Demolished 1884, when Esplanade constructed
Finavarra Tower
Finavarra Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Finavarra
Tower name
Finavarra Tower
Built
1816
Current status
Open to public
Monning Tower
Monning Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Fota Island, Cork Harbour
Tower name
Monning Tower
Macamish Tower
Macamish Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Lough Swilly
Tower name
Macamish Tower
Greencastle Tower
Greencastle Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Lough Foyle
Tower name
Greencastle Tower
Current status
Extended to a Fort completed in 1812. Restaurant
Magilligan Tower
Magilligan Tower
Country
Ireland
Location
Lough Foyle
Tower name
Magilligan Tower
Current status
Restored
Cariddi's Tower or Tower of Ganzirri
Cariddi's Tower or Tower of Ganzirri
Country
Italy
Location
Messina
Tower name
Cariddi's Tower or Tower of Ganzirri
Built
1810?
Current status
Closed to public
Mazzone's Tower or Tower of British Fort
Mazzone's Tower or Tower of British Fort
Country
Italy
Tower name
Mazzone's Tower or Tower of British Fort
Built
1810?
Torre di Magnisi
Torre di Magnisi
Country
Italy
Location
Priolo Gargallo
Tower name
Torre di Magnisi
Built
1810?
Current status
Can be visited
Castello Maniace
Castello Maniace
Country
Italy
Location
Syracuse
Tower name
Castello Maniace
Built
1810?
Current status
Open to public
Fort Nugent
Fort Nugent
Country
Jamaica
Location
Kingston
Tower name
Fort Nugent
Built
1808–11?
Fort Stockton
Fort Stockton
Country
Liberia
Location
Monrovia
Tower name
Fort Stockton
Built
1822
Current status
since 1822, August under construction, later named as coast battery Fort Hill
Madliena Tower
Madliena Tower
Country
Malta
Location
Madliena, Pembroke
Tower name
Madliena Tower
Built
1658
Current status
Intact, recently restored
Pointe aux Sables
Pointe aux Sables
Country
Mauritius
Location
Grand River North West
Tower name
Pointe aux Sables
Built
1832–35
Current status
abandoned but no fences, entrance still on second story
Fort Victoria
Fort Victoria
Country
Mauritius
Location
Grand River North West
Tower name
Fort Victoria
Built
1832–35
Current status
Last mentioned 1880
L'Harmonie
L'Harmonie
Country
Mauritius
Location
Grande-Rivière-Noire
Tower name
L'Harmonie
Built
1832–35
Current status
Ruined (now a national monument)
La Preneuse
La Preneuse
Country
Mauritius
Location
Black River
Tower name
La Preneuse
Built
1832–35
Current status
Museum
Cunningham Tower
Cunningham Tower
Country
Mauritius
Location
Fort George, Port Louis
Tower name
Cunningham Tower
Built
1832–35
Current status
Disappeared after 1914.
Tower Hill Martello Tower
Tower Hill Martello Tower
Country
Sierra Leone
Location
Freetown
Tower name
Tower Hill Martello Tower
Built
1805
Current status
Part of Parliament Buildings
Craig's Tower
Craig's Tower
Country
South Africa
Location
Cape Town
Tower name
Craig's Tower
Built
1795/6
Current status
Demolished late 19th century
Fort Picton
Fort Picton
Country
Trinidad and Tobago
Location
Port of Spain
Tower name
Fort Picton
Built
1801
Current status
Abandoned by 1810.
Tower Dupre
Tower Dupre
Country
United States
Location
Lake Borgne, Louisiana
Tower name
Tower Dupre
Built
1830?
Current status
Hexagonal; originally built on shore, 150 ft (46 m) from water, near Bayou Dupre's entrance to Lake Borgne; for much of the twentieth century was private fishing camp; photo at Wikimedia Commons; destroyed in 2005 by Hurricane Katrina
Fort Johnson
Fort Johnson
Country
United States
Location
Charleston, South Carolina
Tower name
Fort Johnson
Walbach Tower
Walbach Tower
Country
United States
Location
Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Tower name
Walbach Tower
Built
1814
Current status
Incorporated into Fort Constitution; ruined
Country
Location
Tower name
Built
Current status
Australia
Sydney
Fort Denison
1856
Museum, harbour light station.
Barbuda
Near Palmetto Point
River Fort Martello Tower
Bermuda
Ferry Reach
1823–1828
Can be visited
British Virgin Islands
Tortola
Fort Recovery
Private (hotel)
Canada
Point Pleasant Park, Nova Scotia
Prince of Wales's Tower
1796
Open to public
Canada
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Duke of York's Tower
c.1798
Lower levels still exist. Site partially boarded off, can be visited
Canada
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Duke of Clarence's Tower
c.1798
Demolished prior to 1900
Canada
Kingston, Ontario
Fort Frederick
1846/7
Museum
Canada
Kingston, Ontario
Murney Tower
1846
Museum
Canada
Kingston, Ontario
Shoal Tower
1846
Closed to Public
Canada
Kingston, Ontario
Cathcart Tower
1846
Closed to Public
Canada
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower
1808–1812
Museum
Canada
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower
1808–1812
Open for group activities through National Battlefields Commission
Canada
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower
1808–1812
Destroyed
Canada
Quebec City, Quebec
Tower
1808–1812
Tourist activity - Escape game
Canada
Saint John, New Brunswick
Carleton Martello Tower
1815
Museum
Croatia
Korčula
Forteca Korčula (Fort Wellington)
1813
Deserted, accessible to hikers
India
Arnala Island
Hanumant Bastion
c. 1530s
Deserted and Dilapidated.
Ireland
Achill Island
Gabhla Fhranca
c. 1803–1815
Partially collapsed but accessible to hikers
Ireland
Aughinish
Aughinish Tower
1811
Private residence
Ireland
Banagher
Meelick Martello Tower
Private residence
Ireland
Drogheda
Millmount Fort
c. 1808
Extant
Ireland
Balbriggan
North No. 12
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Skerries, Red Island
North No. 11
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Skerries, Shenick Island
North No. 10
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Drumanagh
North No. 9
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Rush
North No. 8
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Portrane, Tower Bay
North No. 7
1804–05
Private residence
Ireland
Donabate, Balcarrick
North No. 6
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Malahide, Robswall
North No. 5, Hicks Tower
1804–05
Private residence
Ireland
Portmarnock, Carrickhill
North No. 4
1804–05
Private residence
Ireland
Ireland's Eye
North No. 3
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Howth, Harbour Rd.
North No. 2
1804–05
Ye Olde Hurdy Gurdy Museum of Vintage Radio
Ireland
Sutton South
North No. 1
1804–05
Private residence
Ireland
Sandymount
South No. 16
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Williamstown
South No. 15
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Seapoint
South No. 14
1804–05
Restored. Exhibition on the history of Dublin's Martello Towers. Guided tours during the summer months
Ireland
Kingstown Harbour, West Pier
South No. 13
1804–05
Tower & battery, both demolished 1836 during extension of Dublin & Kingstown Railway
Ireland
Dún Laoghaire, site of present-day Peoples Park
South No. 12
1804–05
Ireland
Sandycove
South No. 11, James Joyce's Martello tower
1804–05
James Joyce Tower and Museum
Ireland
Bulloch Harbour
South No. 10
1804–05
Private residence
Ireland
Dalkey Island
South No. 9
1804–05
Extant
Ireland
Killiney, south end of Strathmore Road
South No. 8
1804–05
Site of battery, not tower
Ireland
Killiney, Tara Hill
South No. 7
1804–05
Fully restored
Ireland
Killiney, beach
South No. 6, Enoch's Tower
1804–05
Private residence
Ireland
Shanganagh
South No. 5
1804–05
Site of battery, not tower
Ireland
Shanganagh, Mahera Point
South No. 4
1804–05
Lost to coastal erosion
Ireland
Bray, Corke Abbey
South No. 3
1804–05
Lost to coastal erosion
Ireland
Bray harbour
South No. 2
1804–05
Private residence

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  61. "NIAH"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20160312174930/http://buildingsofireland.ie/niah/search.jsp?checkbox1=true&checkbox2=true&checkbox3=true&checkbox4=true&checkbox5=true&classification=martello+tower&county=fi&datefrom=0&dateto=2000&name=&page=1&town=&townland=&type=advanced
  62. www.buildingsofireland.ie
    http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/niah/search.jsp?type=record&county=WI&regno=16301084
  63. "als Digitalisat"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20151129011042/http://www.scribd.com/doc/33792837/1913-Liberia-Description-History-Problems
  64. Codman Parkerson, New Orleans, America's Most Fortified City. The Quest, 1990
  65. "English: Tower Dupre was a hexagonal 2 story fortified tower (a Martello Tower or Martello Castle) built in Lake Borgne (Louisiana) from 1827 to 1830. It guarded the entrance to Bayou Dupre and was part of the harbor defense of the Mississippi River. It was destroyed by Hurricane Katrina in 2005 although the ruins are still a popular fishing spot. For more information on its history, see fortwiki.com"
    https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Martello_Castle_Tower_Dupre_1974.jpg
  66. "On the Trail of Codman Parkerson: Tower Dupre, 1828 (CP No. 34) N29 56.709 W89 50.123 04.26.2015"
    http://nolaforts.blogspot.com/2015/04/tower-dupre-1828-cp-no-34-n29-56709-w89.html
  67. South Carolina Encyclopedia
    https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/fort-johnson/
  68. "SeacoastNH.com – The Forgotten Walbach Tower"
    http://seacoastnh.com/Places-&-Events/Historic-Portsmouth/The-Forgotten-Walbach-Tower/
  69. "davenporthousemuseum.org – Davenport House Museum"
    http://www.davenporthousemuseum.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/June2015NL.pdf/
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