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Malta

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Malta

Malta, officially the Republic of Malta, is an island country in Southern Europe located in the Mediterranean Sea, between Sicily and North Africa. It consists of an archipelago 80 km (50 mi) south of Italy, 284 km (176 mi) east of Tunisia, and 333 km (207 mi) north of Libya. The two official languages are Maltese and English but Maltese is recognised as the National language. The country's capital is Valletta, which is the smallest capital city in the European Union (EU) by both area and population. With a population of about 574,250 spread over an area of 316 km2 (122 sq mi), Malta is the world's tenth-smallest country by area and the ninth-most densely populated. Various sources consider the country to consist of a single urban region, for which reason it is often described as a city-state. Malta has been inhabited since at least 6500 BC, during the Mesolithic. Its location in the centre of the Mediterranean has historically given it great geostrategic importance, with a succession of powers having ruled the islands and shaped its culture and society. These include the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, and Romans in antiquity; the Arabs, Normans, and Aragonese during the Middle Ages; and the Knights Hospitaller, French, and British in the modern era. Malta came under British rule in the early 19th century and served as the headquarters for the British Mediterranean Fleet. It was besieged by the Axis powers during World War II and was an important Allied base for North Africa and the Mediterranean. Malta achieved independence in 1964, and established its current parliamentary republic in 1974. It has been a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations since independence; it joined the European Union in 2004 and the eurozone monetary union in 2008. Malta's long history of foreign rule and its proximity to both Europe and North Africa have influenced its art, music, cuisine, and architecture. Malta has close historical and cultural ties to Italy and especially Sicily; and while Maltese and English are its official languages, between 62 and 66 percent of Maltese people speak or have significant knowledge of the Italian language, which had official status from 1530 to 1934. Malta was an early centre of Christianity, and Catholicism is the state religion, although the country's constitution guarantees freedom of conscience and religious worship. Malta is a developed country with an advanced, high-income economy. It is heavily reliant on tourism, attracting both travellers and a growing expatriate community with its warm climate, numerous recreational areas, and architectural and historical monuments, including three UNESCO World Heritage Sites: Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum, Valletta, and seven megalithic temples, which are some of the oldest free-standing structures in the world.

Infobox

Capital
Valletta 35°54′N 14°31′E / 35.900°N 14.517°E / 35.900; 14.517
Official languages
mw- .inline, .inline dl, .inline ol, .inline ul, dl dl, dl ol, dl ul, ol dl, ol ol dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd dd , dd dt , dd li , dt dd , dt dt , dt li , li dd dd ol li MalteseEnglish
Other languages
Maltese Sign LanguageItalian
Ethnic groups (2021)
mw- 77.7% Maltese22.3% other ethnic groups
Religion (2021)
mw- li 88.5% Christianity 82.6% Catholicism (official) 5.9% other Christian 5.1% no religion3.9% Islam1.4% Hinduism1.1% other
Demonym
Maltese
Government
Unitary parliamentary republic
• President
Myriam Spiteri Debono
• Prime Minister
Robert Abela
Legislature
Parliament of Malta
• State of Malta
21 September 1964
• Republic
13 December 1974
• Total
$22.737 billion (118th)
• Water (%)
0.001
• 2021 census
519,562
• Density
1,649/km2 (4,270.9/sq mi) (8th)
GDP (PPP)
2024 estimate
• Per capita
$41,738 (25th)
GDP (nominal)
2024 estimate
Gini (2020)
31.4 } }medium inequality
HDI (2023)
0.924very high (24th)
Currency
Euro (€) (EUR)
Time zone
UTC 1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)
UTC 2 (CEST)
Calling code
356
ISO 3166 code
MT
Internet TLD
mt [b]

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Month
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Jan
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Feb
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Mar
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Apr
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
May
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Jun
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Jul
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Aug
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Sep
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Oct
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Nov
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Dec
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
15.7(60.3)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
15.7(60.3)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
17.4(63.3)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
20.0(68.0)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
24.2(75.6)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
28.7(83.7)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
31.7(89.1)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
32.0(89.6)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
28.6(83.5)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
25.0(77.0)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
20.8(69.4)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
17.2(63.0)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
23.1(73.6)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Daily mean °C (°F)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
12.9(55.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
12.6(54.7)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
14.1(57.4)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
16.4(61.5)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
20.1(68.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
24.2(75.6)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
26.9(80.4)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
27.5(81.5)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
24.9(76.8)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
21.8(71.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
17.9(64.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
14.5(58.1)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
19.5(67.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
10.1(50.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
9.5(49.1)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
10.9(51.6)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
12.8(55.0)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
15.8(60.4)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
19.6(67.3)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
22.1(71.8)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
23.0(73.4)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
21.2(70.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
18.4(65.1)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
14.9(58.8)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
11.8(53.2)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
15.9(60.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
79.3(3.12)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
73.2(2.88)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
45.3(1.78)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
20.7(0.81)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
11.0(0.43)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
6.2(0.24)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
0.2(0.01)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
17.0(0.67)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
60.7(2.39)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
81.8(3.22)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
91.0(3.58)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
93.7(3.69)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
580.7(22.86)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
10.0
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
8.2
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
6.1
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
3.8
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
1.5
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
0.8
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
0.0
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
1.0
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
4.3
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
6.6
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
8.7
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
10.0
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
61
Mean monthly sunshine hours
Mean monthly sunshine hours
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Mean monthly sunshine hours
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
169.3
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
178.1
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
227.2
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
253.8
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
309.7
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
336.9
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
376.7
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
352.2
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
270.0
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
223.8
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
195.0
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
161.2
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
3,054
Source: Meteo Climate (1991–2020 Data), MaltaWeather.com (Sun data)
Source: Meteo Climate (1991–2020 Data), MaltaWeather.com (Sun data)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Source: Meteo Climate (1991–2020 Data), MaltaWeather.com (Sun data)
Climate data for Malta (Luqa in the south-east part of main island, 1991–2020)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
15.7(60.3)
15.7(60.3)
17.4(63.3)
20.0(68.0)
24.2(75.6)
28.7(83.7)
31.7(89.1)
32.0(89.6)
28.6(83.5)
25.0(77.0)
20.8(69.4)
17.2(63.0)
23.1(73.6)
Daily mean °C (°F)
12.9(55.2)
12.6(54.7)
14.1(57.4)
16.4(61.5)
20.1(68.2)
24.2(75.6)
26.9(80.4)
27.5(81.5)
24.9(76.8)
21.8(71.2)
17.9(64.2)
14.5(58.1)
19.5(67.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
10.1(50.2)
9.5(49.1)
10.9(51.6)
12.8(55.0)
15.8(60.4)
19.6(67.3)
22.1(71.8)
23.0(73.4)
21.2(70.2)
18.4(65.1)
14.9(58.8)
11.8(53.2)
15.9(60.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
79.3(3.12)
73.2(2.88)
45.3(1.78)
20.7(0.81)
11.0(0.43)
6.2(0.24)
0.2(0.01)
17.0(0.67)
60.7(2.39)
81.8(3.22)
91.0(3.58)
93.7(3.69)
580.7(22.86)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm)
10.0
8.2
6.1
3.8
1.5
0.8
0.0
1.0
4.3
6.6
8.7
10.0
61
Mean monthly sunshine hours
169.3
178.1
227.2
253.8
309.7
336.9
376.7
352.2
270.0
223.8
195.0
161.2
3,054
Source: Meteo Climate (1991–2020 Data), MaltaWeather.com (Sun data)
· Demographics › Languages
absolute
absolute
Citizenship
absolute
Maltese
%
Maltese
absolute
English
%
English
absolute
Italian
%
Italian
absolute
German
%
German
absolute
French
%
French
absolute
Arabic
%
Arabic
absolute
Other
%
Other
absolute
Total
%
Total
Total
Citizenship
Total
Maltese
352,346
Maltese
70.9
English
50,242
English
10.1
Italian
13,397
Italian
2.7
German
10,427
German
2.1
French
4,521
French
0.9
Arabic
8,514
Arabic
1.7
Other
57,818
Other
11.6
Total
497,265
Total
100.0
Maltese
Maltese
Citizenship
Maltese
Maltese
351,356
Maltese
91.0
English
29,930
English
7.8
Italian
1,037
Italian
0.3
German
255
German
0.1
French
183
French
0.0
Arabic
1,053
Arabic
0.3
Other
2,277
Other
0.6
Total
386,091
Total
100.0
Non‐Maltese
Non‐Maltese
Citizenship
Non‐Maltese
Maltese
990
Maltese
0.9
English
20,312
English
18.3
Italian
12,360
Italian
11.1
German
10,172
German
9.1
French
4,338
French
3.9
Arabic
7,461
Arabic
6.7
Other
55,541
Other
50.0
Total
111,174
Total
100.0
Citizenship
Maltese
English
Italian
German
French
Arabic
Other
Total
absolute
%
absolute
%
absolute
%
absolute
%
absolute
%
absolute
%
absolute
%
absolute
%
Total
352,346
70.9
50,242
10.1
13,397
2.7
10,427
2.1
4,521
0.9
8,514
1.7
57,818
11.6
497,265
100.0
Maltese
351,356
91.0
29,930
7.8
1,037
0.3
255
0.1
183
0.0
1,053
0.3
2,277
0.6
386,091
100.0
Non‐Maltese
990
0.9
20,312
18.3
12,360
11.1
10,172
9.1
4,338
3.9
7,461
6.7
55,541
50.0
111,174
100.0

References

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