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Machu Picchu

Updated: Wikipedia source

Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel located in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru on a mountain ridge at 2,430 meters (7,970 ft). It is situated in the Machupicchu District of Urubamba Province about 80 kilometers (50 miles) northwest of Cusco, above the Sacred Valley and along the Urubamba River, which forms a deep canyon with a subtropical mountain climate. Often referred to as the "Lost City of the Incas", Machu Picchu is one of the most iconic symbols of the Inca civilization and a major archaeological site in the Americas. Built around 1450, it is believed to have served as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti, though no contemporary written records exist to confirm this. The site was abandoned roughly a century later, likely during the Spanish conquest. Modern radiocarbon dating places its occupation between c. 1420 and 1530. Machu Picchu was constructed in the classical Inca style, featuring finely crafted dry-stone walls. Notable structures include the Temple of the Sun, the Temple of the Three Windows, and the Intihuatana ritual stone. Although the site was known locally and reached in the early 20th century by Peruvian explorer Agustín Lizárraga, it was brought to international attention in 1911 by American historian Hiram Bingham III. The original Inca name of the site may have been Huayna Picchu, after the mountain on which part of the complex stands. Designated a National Historic Sanctuary by Peru in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, Machu Picchu was also named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007. As of 2024, the site receives over 1.5 million visitors annually, making it Peru's most visited international tourist destination.

Infobox

Alternative name
Machupicchu
Location
Latin America and the Caribbean
Region
Andes
Coordinates
mw- 13°09′48″S 72°32′44″W / 13.16333°S 72.54556°W / -13.16333; -72.54556
Altitude
2,430 m (7,972 ft)
Type
Settlement
Founded
c. 1450 – c. 1470
Abandoned
c. 1532 – c. 1565
Cultures
Inca civilization
Discovered
Agustín Lizárraga (1902)Hiram Bingham (1911)
Condition
Preserved
Ownership
Peruvian Government
Management
Peruvian Ministry of Culture
Public access
Yes
Website
machupicchu.gob.pe
Official name
Historic Sanctuary of Machu Picchu
Criteria
Mixed: i, iii, vii, ix
Reference
274
Inscription
1983 (7th Session)
Area
38,160.87 ha (94,297.6 acres)

Tables

Month
Month
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Month
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Jan
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Feb
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Mar
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Apr
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
May
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Jun
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Jul
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Aug
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Sep
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Oct
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Nov
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Dec
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
20.6(69.1)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
20.6(69.1)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
21.0(69.8)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
21.5(70.7)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
21.9(71.4)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
22.0(71.6)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
22.1(71.8)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
23.1(73.6)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
23.4(74.1)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
22.8(73.0)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
22.8(73.0)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
21.2(70.2)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
21.9(71.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.8(53.2)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.9(53.4)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.9(53.4)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.7(53.1)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
10.8(51.4)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
10.0(50.0)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
9.4(48.9)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
10.0(50.0)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.1(52.0)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.5(52.7)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
12.0(53.6)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
12.0(53.6)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
11.2(52.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
340.7(13.41)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
324.5(12.78)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
340.6(13.41)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
184.1(7.25)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
73.4(2.89)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
50.8(2.00)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
54.2(2.13)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
60.6(2.39)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
76.2(3.00)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
163.0(6.42)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
172.5(6.79)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
275.4(10.84)
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
2,116(83.31)
Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru
Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru
Climate data for Machu Picchu (elevation 2,399 m (7,871 ft), 1991–2020 normals)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
20.6(69.1)
20.6(69.1)
21.0(69.8)
21.5(70.7)
21.9(71.4)
22.0(71.6)
22.1(71.8)
23.1(73.6)
23.4(74.1)
22.8(73.0)
22.8(73.0)
21.2(70.2)
21.9(71.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
11.8(53.2)
11.9(53.4)
11.9(53.4)
11.7(53.1)
10.8(51.4)
10.0(50.0)
9.4(48.9)
10.0(50.0)
11.1(52.0)
11.5(52.7)
12.0(53.6)
12.0(53.6)
11.2(52.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
340.7(13.41)
324.5(12.78)
340.6(13.41)
184.1(7.25)
73.4(2.89)
50.8(2.00)
54.2(2.13)
60.6(2.39)
76.2(3.00)
163.0(6.42)
172.5(6.79)
275.4(10.84)
2,116(83.31)
Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru

References

  1. For most English or Spanish speakers, the first 'c' in Picchu is silent. In English, the name is pronounced /ˌmɑːtʃuː ˈp
  2. Pikchu may also refer to a "portion of coca that is chewed".
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  161. Herzog & Cronin 2002.
  162. Ancient Americas Appropriated
    https://aaa.digital.uic.edu/s/ancientamericasappropriated/page/the-motorcycle-diaries-book-1993-and-film-2004
  163. PBS
    https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/machupicchu/wright.html
  164. Groening 2010, pp. 960–961.
  165. National Museum of Women in the Arts
    https://nmwa.org/blog/nmwa-exhibitions/artist-spotlight-kimsoojas-threads-of-culture-and-landscape/
  166. Variety
    https://variety.com/2023/film/news/peru-transformers-rise-of-the-beasts-1235618700/
  167. Andina
    https://andina.pe/ingles/noticia-what-places-in-peru-will-appear-in-the-film-transformers-rise-of-the-beasts-942340.aspx
  168. The Wall Street Journal
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150120104833/https://blogs.wsj.com/indiarealtime/2010/10/01/machu-picchu-welcomes-rajnikanth-and-india/
  169. The Hindu
    https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/your-hunt-stops-here/article804495.ece
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