Lucy Letby
Updated: 12/11/2025, 8:40:44 AM Wikipedia source
Lucy Letby (born 4 January 1990) is a British former neonatal nurse who was convicted of the murders of seven infants and the attempted murders of seven others between June 2015 and June 2016. Letby came under investigation following a high number of unexpected infant deaths that occurred at the neonatal unit of the Countess of Chester Hospital three years after she began working there. Letby was charged in November 2020 with seven counts of murder and fifteen counts of attempted murder in relation to seventeen babies. Prosecution evidence included Letby's presence at a high number of deaths, two abnormal blood test results and skin discolouration interpreted as diagnostic of insulin poisoning and air embolism, inconsistencies in medical records, her removal of nursing handover sheets from the hospital, and her behaviour and communications, including handwritten notes interpreted as a confession. In August 2023, she was found guilty on seven counts each of murder and attempted murder. She was found not guilty on two counts of attempted murder and the jury could not reach a verdict on the remaining six counts. Letby was sentenced to life imprisonment with a whole life order. An attempted murder charge on which the jury failed to find a verdict was retried in July 2024, and she was found guilty. Management at the Countess of Chester Hospital were criticised for ignoring warnings about Letby. The British government commissioned an independent statutory inquiry into the circumstances surrounding the deaths, which began its hearings in September 2024. Letby has remained under investigation for further cases. Since the conclusion of her trials and the lifting of reporting restrictions, various experts have expressed doubts about the safety of her convictions due to contention over the medical and statistical evidence. Medical professionals have contested the prosecution's interpretation of the infants' records and argued that they instead show each had died or deteriorated due to natural causes. Two applications for permission to appeal have been rejected by the Court of Appeal. The Criminal Cases Review Commission is considering an application to refer her case back to the Court of Appeal.
Infobox
Born
(1990-01-04) 4 January 1990 (age 35)Hereford, England
Education
University of Chester (BSN)
Occupation
Registered Nurse (struck off)
Convictions
Murder (7 counts)Attempted murder (8 counts)
Criminal penalty
Life imprisonment(whole life order)
Country
United Kingdom
Imprisoned at
HM Prison Bronzefield as of January 2024[update]
Tables
Table of charges[48] · 2023 trial › Verdicts and sentencing
1
1
Count
1
Baby
A
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
8 June 2015
Mechanism
Air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
31
Age at Death
24 hours
2
2
Count
2
Baby
B
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
9/10 June 2015
Mechanism
Air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
31
Age at Death
N/A
3
3
Count
3
Baby
C
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
14 June 2015
Mechanism
Air via nasogastric tube
Gestational Age (weeks)
30
Birth Weight (kg)
0.8
Age at Death
N/A
4
4
Count
4
Baby
D
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
22 June 2015
Mechanism
Air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
37
Birth Weight (kg)
3.175
Age at Death
36 hours
5
5
Count
5
Baby
E
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
4 August 2015
Mechanism
Acute bleeding/air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
29
Birth Weight (kg)
1.3
Age at Death
6 days
6
6
Count
6
Baby
F
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
5 August 2015
Mechanism
Insulin poisoning
Gestational Age (weeks)
29
Age at Death
N/A
7
7
Count
7
Baby
G
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
7 September 2015
Mechanism
Overfeeding with milk
Gestational Age (weeks)
"exceptionally premature"
Birth Weight (kg)
0.51
Age at Death
N/A
8
8
Count
8
Baby
G
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
21 September 2015
Mechanism
Overfeeding with milk
Age at Death
N/A
12
12
Count
12
Baby
I
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
23 October 2015
Mechanism
Air via nasogastric tube/air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
27
Birth Weight (kg)
0.97
Age at Death
77 days
15
15
Count
15
Baby
L
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
9/11 April 2016
Mechanism
Insulin poisoning
Gestational Age (weeks)
33
Age at Death
N/A
16
16
Count
16
Baby
M
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
9 April 2016
Mechanism
Air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
33
Age at Death
N/A
17
17
Count
17
Baby
N
Charge
Attempted Murder
Date of death/collapse
3 June 2016
Mechanism
Throat trauma
Gestational Age (weeks)
34
Birth Weight (kg)
1.633
Age at Death
N/A
20
20
Count
20
Baby
O
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
23 June 2016
Mechanism
Injury to liver/air embolus
Gestational Age (weeks)
33
Age at Death
2 days
21
21
Count
21
Baby
P
Charge
Murder
Date of death/collapse
24 June 2016
Mechanism
Air via nasogastric tube
Gestational Age (weeks)
33
Age at Death
3 days
| Count | Baby | Charge | Date of death/collapse | Mechanism | Gestational Age (weeks) | Birth Weight (kg) | Age at Death |
| 1 | A | Murder | 8 June 2015 | Air embolus | 31 | 24 hours | |
| 2 | B | Attempted Murder | 9/10 June 2015 | Air embolus | 31 | N/A | |
| 3 | C | Murder | 14 June 2015 | Air via nasogastric tube | 30 | 0.8 | N/A |
| 4 | D | Murder | 22 June 2015 | Air embolus | 37 | 3.175 | 36 hours |
| 5 | E | Murder | 4 August 2015 | Acute bleeding/air embolus | 29 | 1.3 | 6 days |
| 6 | F | Attempted Murder | 5 August 2015 | Insulin poisoning | 29 | N/A | |
| 7 | G | Attempted Murder | 7 September 2015 | Overfeeding with milk | "exceptionally premature" | 0.51 | N/A |
| 8 | G | Attempted Murder | 21 September 2015 | Overfeeding with milk | N/A | ||
| 12 | I | Murder | 23 October 2015 | Air via nasogastric tube/air embolus | 27 | 0.97 | 77 days |
| 15 | L | Attempted Murder | 9/11 April 2016 | Insulin poisoning | 33 | N/A | |
| 16 | M | Attempted Murder | 9 April 2016 | Air embolus | 33 | N/A | |
| 17 | N | Attempted Murder | 3 June 2016 | Throat trauma | 34 | 1.633 | N/A |
| 20 | O | Murder | 23 June 2016 | Injury to liver/air embolus | 33 | 2 days | |
| 21 | P | Murder | 24 June 2016 | Air via nasogastric tube | 33 | 3 days |
References
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- "Safety" (of convictions) is a UK legal term equivalent to "integrity" in the US.
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- Nursing and Midwifery Council Investigating Committee Archived 18 August 2023 at the Wayback Machine nmc.org. Retrievedhttps://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/ftpoutcomes/2023/march-2023/reasons-letby-icio-67757-20230313.pdf
- "Killer nurse Lucy Letby found unfit to practise and struck off register"https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-merseyside-67691395
- www.nmc.org.ukhttps://www.nmc.org.uk/news/news-and-updates/nmc-responds-to-verdict-in-lucy-letby-trial/
- Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/dec/12/convicted-child-serial-killer-lucy-letby-struck-off-nursing-register
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/jan/30/child-serial-killer-lucy-letby-loses-initial-attempt-challenge-convictions
- "Lucy Letby renews bid to appeal her convictions"https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-manchester-68233226
- Reutershttps://www.reuters.com/world/uk/british-nurse-lucy-letby-loses-appeal-over-babies-murder-conviction-2024-05-24/
- "Lucy Letby: Judges reserve judgement on appeal bid"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce965klgv01o
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/jul/02/lucy-letby-retrial-scrum-of-spectators-courtroom
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/jul/09/lucy-letby-evidence-experts-question
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/sep/25/lucy-letby-retrial
- "Letby denies trying to harm any baby in her care"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c0dddgn9leyo
- "Lucy Letby guilty of trying to kill baby girl"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c98q74dn91do
- Sky Newshttps://news.sky.com/story/lucy-letby-serial-killer-nurse-found-guilty-of-attempted-murder-of-extremely-premature-baby-13161769
- Reutershttps://www.reuters.com/world/uk/british-nurse-lucy-letby-appeal-conviction-attempting-kill-baby-2024-09-20/
- "Lucy Letby loses bid to appeal against conviction"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cpdvl3v2x7jo
- Sky Newshttps://news.sky.com/story/lucy-letby-more-families-told-their-children-may-be-victims-of-killer-nurse-12931797
- "Lucy Letby interviewed in prison over baby deaths and collapses"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cjwld9gq7pwo
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/jul/02/lucy-letby-alleged-to-have-murdered-or-harmed-more-babies
- Cheshire Policehttps://www.cheshire.police.uk/news/cheshire/news/articles/2023/10/cheshire-constabulary-statement-regarding-countess-of-chester-hospital-4-october-2023/
- BBChttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-merseyside-67006930
- Cheshire Livehttps://www.cheshire-live.co.uk/news/chester-cheshire-news/gross-negligence-manslaughter-arrests-made-31968008
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/aug/18/government-orders-independent-inquiry-lucy-letby-murders
- gov.ukhttps://www.gov.uk/government/news/government-orders-independent-inquiry-following-lucy-letby-verdict
- ITV Newshttps://www.itv.com/news/granada/2023-08-18/government-orders-independent-inquiry-into-nurse-who-murdered-babies-at-hospital
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-66547863
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-66553245
- Sky Newshttps://news.sky.com/story/lucy-letbys-refusal-to-appear-in-court-sparks-renewed-calls-for-change-to-law-12943015
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-66562938
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/aug/21/lucy-letby-murders-victims-families-and-experts-call-for-statutory-inquiry
- Rhyl Journalhttps://www.rhyljournal.co.uk/news/national/23733398.babies-saved-hospital-acted-sooner-consultants-say/
- Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsmanhttps://www.ombudsman.org.uk/news-and-blog/news/ombudsman-writes-health-secretary-calling-statutory-inquiry-and-action-patient
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/aug/27/lucy-letby-inquiry-should-be-postponed-changed-experts
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/aug/22/lucy-letby-doctor-stephen-brearey-regulation-nhs-executives-call
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/aug/25/ministers-indicate-support-for-statutory-inquiry-into-lucy-letby-killings
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-66597122
- Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/sep/04/lucy-letby-lady-justice-thirlwall-to-lead-public-inquiry
- GOV.UKhttps://www.gov.uk/government/publications/thirlwall-inquiry-terms-of-reference/thirlwall-inquiry-terms-of-reference
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-merseyside-67488797
- "Lucy Letby inquiry should be live-streamed, say victims' families"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cgxwxdx0xneo
- Chester and District Standardhttps://www.chesterstandard.co.uk/news/24353600.lucy-letby-inquiry-will-not-livestreamed-public/
- Thirlwall Public Inquiryhttps://thirlwall.public-inquiry.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Ruling-on-Livestreaming.pdf
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/10/10/lucy-letby-inquiry-live/
- www.bbc.comhttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cz7jd3jd7qvo
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/jan/09/we-took-too-long-jeremy-hunt-offers-apology-to-families-of-lucy-letby-victims
- BMJhttps://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.r568
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/12/16/lucy-letby-press-conference/
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/dec/16/lucy-letby-lawyer-seeks-fresh-appeal-over-reliability-of-expert-witness
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cz6l0dynz7zo
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/dec/17/expert-witness-condemns-claims-by-lucy-letbys-lawyer
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/10/01/lucy-letby-witness-changed-mind/
- Private Eyehttps://www.private-eye.co.uk/pictures/special_reports/lucy-letby-7.pdf
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/12/17/lucy-letby-evidence-compelling-and-overwhelming-says-expert/
- The Timeshttps://www.thetimes.com/uk/crime/article/lucy-letby-expert-accuses-defence-of-unfounded-inaccurate-claims-cv5rgc0fv
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvgl5yyg1x6o
- The Telegraphhttps://archive.today/20230819205849/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/08/19/doctors-wage-war-on-nhs-managers-after-lucy-letby-murders/
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/uk-66578698
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/aug/27/lucy-letby-case-more-babies-face-harm-defensive-leadership-nhs-ombudsman
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/aug/19/lucy-letby-police-urged-to-investigate-hospital-bosses-for-corporate-manslaughter
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2023/08/18/lucy-letby-trial-jury-verdict-live-updates-baby-deaths/
- england.nhs.ukhttps://www.england.nhs.uk/2023/08/commenting-on-the-verdict-in-the-lucy-letby-trial/
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-66569258
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-66586463
- Evening Standardhttps://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/killer-lucy-letby-nurse-nhs-pension-steve-barclay-b1102409.html
- Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/lucy-letby-nurse-babies-parents-petition-prison-b2397695.html
- The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/lucy-letby-killer-nurse-friends-b2400211.html
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c89l05e97vqo
- The Economisthttps://www.economist.com/britain/2024/08/22/the-trial-of-lucy-letby-has-shocked-british-statisticians
- File on 4https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/m0023vnp
- Private Eyehttps://www.private-eye.co.uk/pictures/special_reports/lucy-letby.pdf
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/feb/04/lucy-letby-conviction-challenge-to-evidence
- BMJhttps://www.bmj.com/content/388/bmj.r250
- Lucy Letby: Murder or Mistake - episode 2https://www.channel4.com/programmes/lucy-letby-murder-or-mistake/on-demand/77294-002
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/feb/07/strong-reasonable-doubt-over-lucy-letby-insulin-convictions-experts-say
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2025/feb/04/lucy-letby-convictions-what-did-the-expert-panel-find
- Archives of Disease in Childhoodhttps://adc.bmj.com/content/64/4_Spec_No/507
- The Timeshttps://www.thetimes.com/uk/crime/article/lucy-letby-evidence-conviction-0mqwglpbq
- The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/lucy-letby-appeal-ccrc-medical-evidence-b2691998.html
- The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/lucy-letby-killer-nurse-conviction-evidence-appeal-baby-deaths-b2665201.html
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cj0y9673rjno
- International Expert Panel Summary Reporthttps://drive.google.com/file/d/1aV4zwwdBYw8Z_E-Tpe9_-iPR7n8cZdFk/view
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/10/25/lucy-letby-convicted-killing-baby-breathing-tubes-falling/
- Lucy Letby: Beyond Reasonable Doubt?https://www.itv.com/watch/lucy-letby-beyond-reasonable-doubt/10a6860a0001B
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/oct/10/lucy-letby-police-cps-handling-case-raises-new-concerns-about-convictions
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/09/20/letby-shift-data-scientifically-worthless-statisticians/
- The Telegraphhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240905202514/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/08/31/lucy-letby-spike-baby-deaths-explicable/
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/sep/08/a-superbug-doctor-shortages-and-a-neonatal-unit-out-of-its-depth-failures-at-lucy-letby-hospital-revealed
- The Telegraphhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240906194224/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/09/06/spike-in-deaths-at-letby-hospital-could-be-explained/
- Washington Posthttps://www.washingtonpost.com/style/media/2024/05/16/lucy-letby-new-yorker-story-blocked/
- New York Timeshttps://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/16/world/europe/new-yorker-story-murder-letby-britain.html
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/article/2024/may/15/mp-uses-parliamentary-privilege-to-ask-why-lucy-letby-story-blocked-in-uk
- Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)https://hansard.parliament.uk/Commons/2024-05-14/debates/CD985C17-1A75-43F8-94AD-2F85BDBC0B02/TopicalQuestions?highlight=%22lucy%20letby%22#contribution-6C110CCF-9216-49B0-B241-11B3988411F5
- Press Gazettehttps://pressgazette.co.uk/media_law/new-yorker-lucy-letby-reporting-restrictions-contempt-of-court/
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/08/03/countess-of-chester-hospital-lucy-letby-bacteria-outbreak/
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2024/08/16/we-made-mistakes-over-letby-admits-cps/
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c3g3z2z886eo
- The Independenthttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/lucy-letby-dewi-evans-murder-b2575820.html
- "Lucy Letby: Courtroom drama, a failed appeal, and battles over the truth"https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c727jgdm7r4o
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/may/05/lucy-letby-stunned-by-death-of-baby-she-is-accused-of-murdering
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/may/02/lucy-letby-trial-nurse-devastated-to-hear-she-was-accused-of-murdering-babies
- The Guardianhttps://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/apr/25/lucy-letby-cried-when-telling-police-about-deaths-of-two-triplets-court-hears
- The Sunday Timeshttps://www.thetimes.com/uk/crime/article/lucy-letby-panorama-documentary-tft592w5r
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cvgwx9xprwqo
- AP Newshttps://apnews.com/article/lucy-letby-babies-murder-evidence-c9f554f3f06358c195fa722acf5e7541
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2025/02/06/lucy-letby-release-house-arrest-medical-review/
- The BMJhttps://www.bmj.com/content/388/bmj.r250
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2025/02/04/lucy-letby-new-medical-evidence-live/
- LIVE: Panel says it has new evidence in Lucy Letby murder casehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N0nmoGes3IU
- BBC Newshttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvgl5yyg1x6o
- The Telegraphhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2025/02/06/lucy-letby-release-house-arrest-medical-review/