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Lok Sabha

Updated: Wikipedia source

Lok Sabha

The Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of India, where the upper house is Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the president of India on the advice of the union council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha chamber of the Parliament House in New Delhi. The maximum membership of the house as allotted by the Constitution of India is 552 before the abolition of Anglo-Indian seats, currently it is 550. As of 2025, the house has 543 elected members. Between 1952 and 2020, two additional members of the Anglo-Indian community were nominated by the president of India on the advice of the Indian government, and the practice was abolished in January 2020 by the 104th amendment to the Indian constitution. The new parliament has a maximum seating capacity for 888 members in Lok Sabha. About 131 seats (24.03%) are reserved for representatives of scheduled castes (84) and scheduled tribes (47). The quorum for the House is 10% of the total membership the house. Unless dissolved sooner, the house continues to operate for five years from the date of its first meeting. However, when a state of emergency in India is declared, this period may be extended by the parliament of India by law or decree. The 18th Lok Sabha is the latest to be elected in May 2024. The Lok Sabha proceedings are televised live on Sansad TV, operating from within the parliament premises. An exercise to redraw the boundaries of the Lok Sabha constituencies is carried out by the delimitation commission. It is carried out every decade based on the census of India, the last of which was conducted in 2011. This provision was temporarily suspended between 1976 and 2001 following a constitutional amendment to incentivize the family planning program which was being implemented. The elections for the seats are conducted by the election commission.

Infobox

Type
Lower house of the Parliament of India
Speaker
Om Birla, BJP since 17 June 2019
Deputy Speaker
Vacant since 23 June 2019
Leader of the House
Narendra Modi, BJP since 26 May 2014
Leader of the Opposition
Rahul Gandhi, INC since 9 June 2024
Secretary General
Utpal Kumar Singh since 30 November 2020
Seats
543
Political groups
Government (293) NDA (293) BJP (240) TDP (16) JD(U) (12) SHS (7) LJP(RV) (5) JD(S) (2) JSP (2) RLD (2) AD(S) (1) AGP (1) AJSU (1) HAM(S) (1) NCP (1) SKM (1) UPPL (1) Opposition (234) INDIA (234) INC (99) SP (37) AITC (28) DMK (22) SS(UBT) (9) NCP-SP (8) CPI(M) (4) RJD (4) IUML (3) JMM (3) CPI (2) CPI(ML)L (2) JKNC (2) VCK (2) BAP (1) KEC (1) MDMK (1) RLP (1) RSP (1) VPP (1) IND (3) Other Opposition (15) YSRCP (4) AAP (3) AD(WPD) (2) AIMIM (1) ASP(KR) (1) SAD (1) ZPM (1) IND (2) Vacant (1)
Length of term
5 years
Voting system
First-past-the-post voting
First election
25 October 1951 – 21 February 1952
Last election
19 April – 1 June 2024
Next election
By April 2029
Term limits
Maximum 5 years

Tables

Formation of Lok Sabha over time[16][17][18][19] · History › List
First
First
Lok Sabha
First
Commencement Date
13 May 1952
Dissolution Date
4 April 1957
Duration
4 years, 10 months and 22 days
Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru
Deputy Prime Minister
Vacant
Second
Second
Lok Sabha
Second
Commencement Date
10 May 1957
Dissolution Date
31 March 1962
Duration
4 years, 10 months and 21 days
Third
Third
Lok Sabha
Third
Commencement Date
16 April 1962
Dissolution Date
3 March 1967
Duration
4 years, 10 months and 15 days
Prime Minister
Jawaharlal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi
Fourth
Fourth
Lok Sabha
Fourth
Commencement Date
16 March 1967
Dissolution Date
27 December 1970
Duration
3 years, 9 months and 11 days
Prime Minister
Indira Gandhi
Deputy Prime Minister
Moraji Desai (till 1969)
Fifth
Fifth
Lok Sabha
Fifth
Commencement Date
19 March 1971
Dissolution Date
18 January 1977
Duration
5 years, 9 months and 30 days
Prime Minister
Vacant
Sixth
Sixth
Lok Sabha
Sixth
Commencement Date
25 March 1977
Dissolution Date
22 August 1979
Duration
2 years, 4 months and 28 days
Prime Minister
Morarji Desai and Charan Singh
Deputy Prime Minister
Charan Singh, Jagjivan Ram and Yashwantrao Chavan
Seventh
Seventh
Lok Sabha
Seventh
Commencement Date
21 January 1980
Dissolution Date
31 December 1984
Duration
4 years, 11 months and 10 days
Prime Minister
Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi
Deputy Prime Minister
Vacant
Eighth
Eighth
Lok Sabha
Eighth
Commencement Date
15 January 1985
Dissolution Date
27 November 1989
Duration
4 years, 10 months and 12 days
Prime Minister
Rajiv Gandhi
Ninth
Ninth
Lok Sabha
Ninth
Commencement Date
18 December 1989
Dissolution Date
13 March 1991
Duration
1 year, 2 months and 23 days
Prime Minister
V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar
Deputy Prime Minister
Devi Lal
Tenth
Tenth
Lok Sabha
Tenth
Commencement Date
9 July 1991
Dissolution Date
10 May 1996
Duration
4 years, 10 months and 1 day
Prime Minister
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Deputy Prime Minister
Vacant
Eleventh
Eleventh
Lok Sabha
Eleventh
Commencement Date
22 May 1996
Dissolution Date
4 December 1997
Duration
1 year, 6 months and 12 days
Prime Minister
Atal Bihari Vajpayee, H. D. Deve Gowda and I. K. Gujral
Twelfth
Twelfth
Lok Sabha
Twelfth
Commencement Date
23 March 1998
Dissolution Date
26 April 1999
Duration
1 year, 1 month and 3 days
Prime Minister
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Thirteenth
Thirteenth
Lok Sabha
Thirteenth
Commencement Date
20 October 1999
Dissolution Date
6 February 2004
Duration
4 years, 3 months and 17 days
Prime Minister
Lal Krishna Advani
Fourteenth
Fourteenth
Lok Sabha
Fourteenth
Commencement Date
2 June 2004
Dissolution Date
18 May 2009
Duration
4 years, 11 months and 16 days
Prime Minister
Manmohan Singh
Deputy Prime Minister
Vacant
Fifteenth
Fifteenth
Lok Sabha
Fifteenth
Commencement Date
1 June 2009
Dissolution Date
18 May 2014
Duration
4 years, 11 months and 17 days
Sixteenth
Sixteenth
Lok Sabha
Sixteenth
Commencement Date
4 June 2014
Dissolution Date
24 May 2019
Duration
4 years, 11 months and 20 days
Prime Minister
Narendra Modi
Seventeenth
Seventeenth
Lok Sabha
Seventeenth
Commencement Date
17 June 2019
Dissolution Date
5 June 2024
Duration
4 years, 11 months and 19 days
Eighteenth
Eighteenth
Lok Sabha
Eighteenth
Commencement Date
24 June 2024
Dissolution Date
present
Duration
1 year, 5 months and 17 days
Lok Sabha
Commencement Date
Dissolution Date
Duration
Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Minister
First
13 May 1952
4 April 1957
4 years, 10 months and 22 days
Jawaharlal Nehru
Vacant
Second
10 May 1957
31 March 1962
4 years, 10 months and 21 days
Third
16 April 1962
3 March 1967
4 years, 10 months and 15 days
Jawaharlal Nehru, Lal Bahadur Shastri and Indira Gandhi
Fourth
16 March 1967
27 December 1970
3 years, 9 months and 11 days
Indira Gandhi
Moraji Desai (till 1969)
Fifth
19 March 1971
18 January 1977
5 years, 9 months and 30 days
Vacant
Sixth
25 March 1977
22 August 1979
2 years, 4 months and 28 days
Morarji Desai and Charan Singh
Charan Singh, Jagjivan Ram and Yashwantrao Chavan
Seventh
21 January 1980
31 December 1984
4 years, 11 months and 10 days
Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi
Vacant
Eighth
15 January 1985
27 November 1989
4 years, 10 months and 12 days
Rajiv Gandhi
Ninth
18 December 1989
13 March 1991
1 year, 2 months and 23 days
V. P. Singh and Chandra Shekhar
Devi Lal
Tenth
9 July 1991
10 May 1996
4 years, 10 months and 1 day
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Vacant
Eleventh
22 May 1996
4 December 1997
1 year, 6 months and 12 days
Atal Bihari Vajpayee, H. D. Deve Gowda and I. K. Gujral
Twelfth
23 March 1998
26 April 1999
1 year, 1 month and 3 days
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Thirteenth
20 October 1999
6 February 2004
4 years, 3 months and 17 days
Lal Krishna Advani
Fourteenth
2 June 2004
18 May 2009
4 years, 11 months and 16 days
Manmohan Singh
Vacant
Fifteenth
1 June 2009
18 May 2014
4 years, 11 months and 17 days
Sixteenth
4 June 2014
24 May 2019
4 years, 11 months and 20 days
Narendra Modi
Seventeenth
17 June 2019
5 June 2024
4 years, 11 months and 19 days
Eighteenth
24 June 2024
present
1 year, 5 months and 17 days
· Lok Sabha general elections
1st Lok Sabha
1st Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
1st Lok Sabha
General Election
1951–52 Indian general election
2nd Lok Sabha
2nd Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
2nd Lok Sabha
General Election
1957 Indian general election
3rd Lok Sabha
3rd Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
3rd Lok Sabha
General Election
1962 Indian general election
4th Lok Sabha
4th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
4th Lok Sabha
General Election
1967 Indian general election
5th Lok Sabha
5th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
5th Lok Sabha
General Election
1971 Indian general election
6th Lok Sabha
6th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
6th Lok Sabha
General Election
1977 Indian general election
7th Lok Sabha
7th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
7th Lok Sabha
General Election
1980 Indian general election
8th Lok Sabha
8th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
8th Lok Sabha
General Election
1984 Indian general election
9th Lok Sabha
9th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
9th Lok Sabha
General Election
1989 Indian general election
10th Lok Sabha
10th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
10th Lok Sabha
General Election
1991 Indian general election
11th Lok Sabha
11th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
11th Lok Sabha
General Election
1996 Indian general election
12th Lok Sabha
12th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
12th Lok Sabha
General Election
1998 Indian general election
13th Lok Sabha
13th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
13th Lok Sabha
General Election
1999 Indian general election
14th Lok Sabha
14th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
14th Lok Sabha
General Election
2004 Indian general election
15th Lok Sabha
15th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
15th Lok Sabha
General Election
2009 Indian general election
16th Lok Sabha
16th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
16th Lok Sabha
General Election
2014 Indian general election
17th Lok Sabha
17th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
17th Lok Sabha
General Election
2019 Indian general election
18th Lok Sabha
18th Lok Sabha
Lok Sabha
18th Lok Sabha
General Election
2024 Indian general election
Lok Sabha
General Election
1st Lok Sabha
1951–52 Indian general election
2nd Lok Sabha
1957 Indian general election
3rd Lok Sabha
1962 Indian general election
4th Lok Sabha
1967 Indian general election
5th Lok Sabha
1971 Indian general election
6th Lok Sabha
1977 Indian general election
7th Lok Sabha
1980 Indian general election
8th Lok Sabha
1984 Indian general election
9th Lok Sabha
1989 Indian general election
10th Lok Sabha
1991 Indian general election
11th Lok Sabha
1996 Indian general election
12th Lok Sabha
1998 Indian general election
13th Lok Sabha
1999 Indian general election
14th Lok Sabha
2004 Indian general election
15th Lok Sabha
2009 Indian general election
16th Lok Sabha
2014 Indian general election
17th Lok Sabha
2019 Indian general election
18th Lok Sabha
2024 Indian general election
· Statewise representation
Andaman and Nicobar Islands*
Andaman and Nicobar Islands*
State/ UT*
Andaman and Nicobar Islands*
Seats
1
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh
State/ UT*
Andhra Pradesh
Seats
25
Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh
State/ UT*
Arunachal Pradesh
Seats
2
Assam
Assam
State/ UT*
Assam
Seats
14
Bihar
Bihar
State/ UT*
Bihar
Seats
40
Chandigarh*
Chandigarh*
State/ UT*
Chandigarh*
Seats
1
Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh
State/ UT*
Chhattisgarh
Seats
11
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu*
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu*
State/ UT*
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu*
Seats
2
Delhi (NCT)*
Delhi (NCT)*
State/ UT*
Delhi (NCT)*
Seats
7
Goa
Goa
State/ UT*
Goa
Seats
2
Gujarat
Gujarat
State/ UT*
Gujarat
Seats
26
Haryana
Haryana
State/ UT*
Haryana
Seats
10
Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh
State/ UT*
Himachal Pradesh
Seats
4
Jammu and Kashmir*
Jammu and Kashmir*
State/ UT*
Jammu and Kashmir*
Seats
5
Jharkhand
Jharkhand
State/ UT*
Jharkhand
Seats
14
Karnataka
Karnataka
State/ UT*
Karnataka
Seats
28
Kerala
Kerala
State/ UT*
Kerala
Seats
20
Ladakh*
Ladakh*
State/ UT*
Ladakh*
Seats
1
Lakshadweep*
Lakshadweep*
State/ UT*
Lakshadweep*
Seats
1
Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
State/ UT*
Madhya Pradesh
Seats
29
Maharashtra
Maharashtra
State/ UT*
Maharashtra
Seats
48
Manipur
Manipur
State/ UT*
Manipur
Seats
2
Meghalaya
Meghalaya
State/ UT*
Meghalaya
Seats
2
Mizoram
Mizoram
State/ UT*
Mizoram
Seats
1
Nagaland
Nagaland
State/ UT*
Nagaland
Seats
1
Odisha
Odisha
State/ UT*
Odisha
Seats
21
Puducherry*
Puducherry*
State/ UT*
Puducherry*
Seats
1
Punjab
Punjab
State/ UT*
Punjab
Seats
13
Rajasthan
Rajasthan
State/ UT*
Rajasthan
Seats
25
Sikkim
Sikkim
State/ UT*
Sikkim
Seats
1
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
State/ UT*
Tamil Nadu
Seats
39
Telangana
Telangana
State/ UT*
Telangana
Seats
17
Tripura
Tripura
State/ UT*
Tripura
Seats
2
Uttarakhand
Uttarakhand
State/ UT*
Uttarakhand
Seats
5
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
State/ UT*
Uttar Pradesh
Seats
80
West Bengal
West Bengal
State/ UT*
West Bengal
Seats
42
Total
Total
State/ UT*
Total
Seats
543
State/ UT*
Seats
Andaman and Nicobar Islands*
1
Andhra Pradesh
25
Arunachal Pradesh
2
Assam
14
Bihar
40
Chandigarh*
1
Chhattisgarh
11
Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu*
2
Delhi (NCT)*
7
Goa
2
Gujarat
26
Haryana
10
Himachal Pradesh
4
Jammu and Kashmir*
5
Jharkhand
14
Karnataka
28
Kerala
20
Ladakh*
1
Lakshadweep*
1
Madhya Pradesh
29
Maharashtra
48
Manipur
2
Meghalaya
2
Mizoram
1
Nagaland
1
Odisha
21
Puducherry*
1
Punjab
13
Rajasthan
25
Sikkim
1
Tamil Nadu
39
Telangana
17
Tripura
2
Uttarakhand
5
Uttar Pradesh
80
West Bengal
42
Total
543
· Membership by party
Vacant
Vacant
Alliance
Vacant
Alliance
1
Party
Basirhat
Total
Total
Alliance
Total
Alliance
543
Alliance
Party
No. of MPs
Leader of the Party
GovernmentNDASeats: 293
BJP
240
Narendra Modi(Leader of the House)
TDP
16
Lavu Sri Krishna Devarayalu
JD(U)
12
Dileshwar Kamait
SHS
7
Shrikant Shinde
LJP(RV)
5
Chirag Paswan
JD(S)
2
M. Mallesh Babu
JSP
2
Vallabhaneni Balashowry
RLD
2
Rajkumar Sangwan
AD(S)
1
Anupriya Patel
AGP
1
Phani Bhusan Choudhury
AJSU
1
Chandra Prakash Choudhary
HAM(S)
1
Jitan Ram Manjhi
NCP
1
Sunil Tatkare
SKM
1
Indra Hang Subba
UPPL
1
Joyanta Basumatary
INDIASeats: 234
INC
99
Rahul Gandhi(Leader of the Opposition)
SP
37
Akhilesh Yadav
AITC
28
Abhishek Banerjee
DMK
22
T. R. Baalu
SS(UBT)
9
Arvind Sawant
NCP-SP
8
Supriya Sule
CPI(M)
4
K. Radhakrishnan
RJD
4
Abhay Kumar Sinha
IUML
3
E. T. Mohammed Basheer
JMM
3
Joba Majhi
CPI
2
K. Subbarayan
CPI(ML)L
2
Raja Ram Singh
JKNC
2
Mian Altaf Ahmed
VCK
2
Thol. Thirumavalavan
BAP
1
Rajkumar Roat
KEC
1
Francis George
MDMK
1
Durai Vaiko
RLP
1
Hanuman Beniwal
RSP
1
N. K. Premachandran
VPP
1
Ricky AJ Syngkon
Independent
3
Pappu Yadav Mohmad Haneefa Vishal Patil
UnalignedSeats: 15
YSRCP
4
P. V. Midhun Reddy
AAP
3
Gurmeet Singh Meet Hayer
AIMIM
1
Asaduddin Owaisi
ASP(KR)
1
Chandrashekhar Azad
SAD
1
Harsimrat Kaur Badal
ZPM
1
Richard Vanlalhmangaiha
Independent
4
Amritpal Singh Sarabjeet Singh Khalsa Sheikh Abdul Rashid Umeshbhai Patel
Vacant
1
Basirhat
Total
543

References

  1. Lok Sabha
    https://loksabha.nic.in/ls.htm
  2. Live law
    https://www.livelaw.in/news-updates/constitution-104th-amendment-act-to-come-into-force-151919
  3. The Gazette of India Extraordinary
    https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/consti.104amend.pdf
  4. The Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198067726.003.0008
  5. Parliament of India
    https://web.archive.org/web/20150601044824/http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/introls.html
  6. Government of India
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130124033538/http://india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf
  7. NDTV
    https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/election-results-2019-at-evening-meet-pm-modi-to-chalk-out-action-plan-for-next-few-days-2042484
  8. Sansad TV
    https://sansadtv.nic.in/
  9. "A decade from now, three states will contribute a third of Lok Sabha MPs"
    http://scroll.in/article/807644/a-decade-from-now-three-states-will-contribute-a-third-of-lok-sabha-mps
  10. Election Commission of India
    https://web.archive.org/web/20070105005609/http://www.eci.gov.in/ElectoralSystem/electoral_system.asp
  11. "Indian Freedom Struggle (1857–1947) – Culture and Heritage – Know India: National Portal of India"
    http://www.archive.india.gov.in/knowindia/culture_heritage.php?id=4
  12. The Journal of Parliamentary Information, Volume 46 (2000), pg. 400
  13. encyclopedia.com
    https://www.encyclopedia.com/international/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/government-india-act-1935
  14. Part V—The Union. Article 79. p. 38 Archived 24 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
    http://india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf
  15. The Indian Express
    https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/india-first-general-election-nehru-9265134/
  16. Press Information Bureau
    https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1572570
  17. Press Information Bureau
    https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1573018
  18. Press Information Bureau
    https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2022888
  19. Press Information Bureau
    https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2024630
  20. Part V—The Union. Article 81. p. 41 Archived 24 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
    http://india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf
  21. Part V—The Union. Article 81. pp. 46, 47 Archived 24 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
    http://india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf
  22. india.gov.in
    https://web.archive.org/web/20210328123059/https://www.india.gov.in/sites/upload_files/npi/files/coi_part_full.pdf
  23. "Lok Sabha"
    https://web.archive.org/web/20130530124125/http://164.100.47.132/LssNew/Secretariat/JRC.aspx
  24. India Today
    https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/om-birla-appointed-lok-sabha-speaker-1551719-2019-06-19
  25. "Secretariat- as in Constitution"
    https://rajyasabha.nic.in/rsnew/rss_recruitment/rssecretariat.asp
  26. "Set-up of the Secretariat"
    http://loksabhaph.nic.in/Secretariat/Functioning.aspx
  27. NDTV
    https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/senior-ias-officer-utpal-kumar-singh-appointed-lok-sabha-secretary-general-2332131
  28. "Members : Lok Sabha"
    http://164.100.47.194/Loksabha/Members/StatewiseList.aspx
  29. "Lok Sabha Introduction"
    http://parliamentofindia.nic.in/ls/intro/introls.htm
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