This is a list of wars and armed conflicts involving Russia and its predecessors in chronological order, from the 9th to the 21st century.
The Russian military and troops of its predecessor states in Russia took part in a large number of wars and armed clashes in various parts of the world: starting from the princely squads, opposing the raids of nomads, and fighting for the expansion of the territory of Kievan Rus'. Following the disintegration of Kievan Rus', the emergence of the Principality of Moscow and then the centralized Russian state saw a period of significant territorial growth of the state centred in Moscow and then St. Petersburg during the 15th to 20th centuries, marked by wars of conquest in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, the Volga region, Siberia, Central Asia and the Far East, the world wars of the early 20th century, the proxy wars of the Cold War, and today.
The list includes:
external wars
foreign intervention in domestic conflicts
anti-colonial uprisings of the peoples conquered during the Russian expansion
princely feuds
peasant uprisings
revolutions
Legend of results:
Tables
· Kievan Rus'
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
830s
830s
Date
830s
Conflict
Paphlagonian expedition of the Rusʹ
Rus and its allies
Rus' Khaganate
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Victory
860
860
Date
860
Conflict
Siege of Constantinople (860)
Rus and its allies
Rus' Khaganate
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Victory
907
907
Date
907
Conflict
Rus'–Byzantine War (907)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Victory
920–1036
920–1036
Date
920–1036
Conflict
Rus'–Pecheneg campaigns
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Pechenegs
Result
Various results; eventually victory
941
941
Date
941
Conflict
Rus'–Byzantine War (941)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Defeat
944/945
944/945
Date
944/945
Conflict
Rus'-Byzantine War (944/945)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Victory
964–965
964–965
Date
964–965
Conflict
Sviatoslav's campaign against Khazars
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Khazar Khaganate
Result
Victory
Destruction of the Khazar Khaganate
967/968–971
967/968–971
Date
967/968–971
Conflict
Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Defeat
981
981
Date
981
Conflict
Vladimir the Great's campaign on Cherven Cities
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Duchy of Poland
Result
Victory
985
985
Date
985
Conflict
Vladimir the Great's campaign against Volga Bulgaria
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Volga Bulgaria
Result
Military victory, then agreement
987
987
Date
987
Conflict
Rus'–Byzantine War (987)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Military victory and agreement
Baptism of Vladimir and further Christianization of Kievan Rus'
1022
1022
Date
1022
Conflict
Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Duchy of Poland
Result
Defeat
1024
1024
Date
1024
Conflict
Rus'–Byzantine War (1024)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Defeat
1030
1030
Date
1030
Conflict
Yaroslav the Wise's campaign against Chud
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Chud
Result
Victory
Estonian tribes start to pay tribute to Rus'
1030–1031
1030–1031
Date
1030–1031
Conflict
Yaroslav the Wise's campaign on Cherven Cities
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Duchy of Poland
Result
Victory
1042–1228
1042–1228
Date
1042–1228
Conflict
Finnish–Novgorodian wars
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus' (until 1136)
Novgorod Republic
Opponent(s)
Baltic Finnic peoples of Fennoscandia (Yem people)
Result
Various results, mostly victories
The wars' effect on the Finns' society contributed to the eventual Swedish conquest of western Finland circa 1249
1043
1043
Date
1043
Conflict
Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Byzantine Empire
Result
Defeat
1055–1223
1055–1223
Date
1055–1223
Conflict
Rus'–Cuman campaigns
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Cumans
Result
Various results, mostly victories
1061
1061
Date
1061
Conflict
Sosols raid against Pskov
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Sosols
Result
Defeat
Yaroslav the Wise's conquests in Estonia are lost
1132–1445
1132–1445
Date
1132–1445
Conflict
Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus' (until 1136)
Novgorod Republic
Opponent(s)
Kingdom of Sweden
Kingdom of Norway (from 1319)
Result
Stalemate after the Black Death
1147
1147
Date
1147
Conflict
Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians
Rus and its allies
Bolesław IV the CurlyKievan Rus'
Opponent(s)
Old Prussians
Result
Victory
1203–1234
1203–1234
Date
1203–1234
Conflict
Campaigns of Rus princes against the Order of the Sword (see also Livonian Crusade)
Rus and its allies
Kievan Rus'
Vladimir-Suzdal
Principality of Polotsk
Principality of Smolensk
Novgorod Republic
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Baltic peoples
Baltic Finnic peoples
Opponent(s)
Livonian Brothers of the Sword
Baltic Germans
Result
Defeat
The crusaders capture Baltic lands up to the borders of Kievan Rus' and Lithuania
1223–1240
1223–1240
Date
1223–1240
Conflict
Mongol invasion of Rus'(see also List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Rus')
Rus and its allies
mw- .mw- Vladimir-SuzdalKievGalicia-Volhynia Novgorod RepublicSmolenskTurov and PinskRostovChernigovRyazanPereyaslavl
Opponent(s)
Mongol Empire
Result
Decisive defeat
The principalities of the Kievan Rus' became vassals of the Mongol Empire
1240–1242
1240–1242
Date
1240–1242
Conflict
Livonian campaign against Rus' (see also Northern Crusades)
Denmark
Duchy of Estonia
Teutonic Order
Livonian Order
Result
Both sides claim victory
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Location
Rus and its allies
Opponent(s)
Result
830s
Paphlagonian expedition of the Rusʹ
Rus' Khaganate
Byzantine Empire
Victory
860
Siege of Constantinople (860)
Rus' Khaganate
Byzantine Empire
Victory
907
Rus'–Byzantine War (907)
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Victory
920–1036
Rus'–Pecheneg campaigns
Kievan Rus'
Pechenegs
Various results; eventually victory
941
Rus'–Byzantine War (941)
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Defeat
944/945
Rus'-Byzantine War (944/945)
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Victory
964–965
Sviatoslav's campaign against Khazars
Kievan Rus'
Khazar Khaganate
Victory Destruction of the Khazar Khaganate
967/968–971
Sviatoslav's invasion of Bulgaria
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Defeat
981
Vladimir the Great's campaign on Cherven Cities
Kievan Rus'
Duchy of Poland
Victory
985
Vladimir the Great's campaign against Volga Bulgaria
Kievan Rus'
Volga Bulgaria
Military victory, then agreement
987
Rus'–Byzantine War (987)
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Military victory and agreement Baptism of Vladimir and further Christianization of Kievan Rus'
1022
Yaroslav the Wise's attack on Brest
Kievan Rus'
Duchy of Poland
Defeat
1024
Rus'–Byzantine War (1024)
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Defeat
1030
Yaroslav the Wise's campaign against Chud
Kievan Rus'
Chud
Victory Estonian tribes start to pay tribute to Rus'
1030–1031
Yaroslav the Wise's campaign on Cherven Cities
Kievan Rus'
Duchy of Poland
Victory
1042–1228
Finnish–Novgorodian wars
Kievan Rus' (until 1136) Novgorod Republic
Baltic Finnic peoples of Fennoscandia (Yem people)
Various results, mostly victories The wars' effect on the Finns' society contributed to the eventual Swedish conquest of western Finland circa 1249
1043
Rus'–Byzantine War (1043)
Kievan Rus'
Byzantine Empire
Defeat
1055–1223
Rus'–Cuman campaigns
Kievan Rus'
Cumans
Various results, mostly victories
1061
Sosols raid against Pskov
Kievan Rus'
Sosols
Defeat Yaroslav the Wise's conquests in Estonia are lost
1132–1445
Swedish–Novgorodian Wars
Kievan Rus' (until 1136) Novgorod Republic
Kingdom of Sweden Kingdom of Norway (from 1319)
Stalemate after the Black Death
1147
Bolesław IV the Curly's raid on Old Prussians
Bolesław IV the CurlyKievan Rus'
Old Prussians
Victory
1203–1234
Campaigns of Rus princes against the Order of the Sword (see also Livonian Crusade)
Kievan Rus' Vladimir-Suzdal Principality of Polotsk Principality of Smolensk Novgorod Republic Grand Duchy of Lithuania Baltic peoples Baltic Finnic peoples
Livonian Brothers of the Sword Baltic Germans
Defeat The crusaders capture Baltic lands up to the borders of Kievan Rus' and Lithuania
1223–1240
Mongol invasion of Rus'(see also List of Tatar and Mongol raids against Rus')
mw- Vladimir-SuzdalKievGalicia-Volhynia Novgorod RepublicSmolenskTurov and PinskRostovChernigovRyazanPereyaslavl
Mongol Empire
Decisive defeat The principalities of the Kievan Rus' became vassals of the Mongol Empire
1240–1242
Livonian campaign against Rus' (see also Northern Crusades)
Denmark Duchy of Estonia Teutonic Order Livonian Order
Both sides claim victory
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1281–1293/4
1281–1293/4
Date
1281–1293/4
Conflict
Vladimir-Suzdal war of succession (1281–1293) [ru]
Casus belli: death of Alexander Nevsky (1263).
Duden's campaign [ru] (summer–autumn 1293)(part of the Tokhta–Nogai war)
Combatant 1
Nogai forcesDmitry of Pereslavl Mikhail of TverDaniel of Moscow
Combatant 2
Tode Mongke (1281–1287) Tokhta forcesAndrey of Gorodets Theodore the BlackRostov princes
Result
Tokhta victory
Vladimir, Moscow and Tver sacked, countryside devastated
Dmitry of Pereslavl fled, died in 1294
Andrey of Gorodets became indisputed Grand Prince of Vladimir
1296/8–1302
1296/8–1302
Date
1296/8–1302
Conflict
Struggle for Pereslavl-Zalessky
Combatant 1
Daniel of Moscow Mikhail of Tver
Tokhta
Combatant 2
Andrey of Gorodets Theodore the BlackKonstantin of Ryazan
Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru](series of short wars, mixed with other conflicts)
Combatant 1
Principality of Moscow
Combatant 2
Principality of Tver
Result
Victory
Tver annexed by Moscow (1485)
1327
1327
Date
1327
Conflict
Tver Uprising of 1327(part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])
Combatant 1
Golden Horde Ivan I Kalita of MoscowAlexander of Suzdal [uk; ru]
Combatant 2
Principality of Tver Grand Principality of Vladimir
Result
Golden Horde victory
Aleksandr of Tver stripped of land holdings and later executed
1368–1372
1368–1372
Date
1368–1372
Conflict
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–72)(part of the Great Troubles and the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])
Combatant 1
Principality of Moscow
Combatant 2
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Principality of Tver
Result
Inconclusive
Treaty of Lyubutsk
1376
1376
Date
1376
Conflict
Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war(part of the Great Troubles)
Combatant 1
Volga Bulgaria
Combatant 2
Victory
1377
1377
Date
1377
Conflict
Battle on Pyana River(part of the Great Troubles)
Combatant 1
Golden Horde
Combatant 2
Defeat
1378
1378
Date
1378
Conflict
Battle of the Vozha River(part of the Great Troubles)
Combatant 1
Victory
1380
1380
Date
1380
Conflict
Battle of Kulikovo(part of the Great Troubles)
Combatant 1
Rus' principalities:
Principality of Moscow (Dmitri Donskoy)
Principality of Beloozero
Principality of Yaroslavl
Principality of Rostov
Principality of Starodub
Principality of Mologa
Principality of Kashin
Princes from Vyazma and Dorogobuzh
Part of Upper Oka Principalities
Lithuanian princes of Polotsk and Bryansk in exile
Combatant 2
Western part of the Golden Horde
European mercenaries
Result
Victory for the Rus' principalities coalition
Moscow replaced Tver as the most prominent of the northeastern Rus' principalities
1382
1382
Date
1382
Conflict
Siege of Moscow(part of the aftermath of the Great Troubles)
Combatant 1
Principality of Moscow
Combatant 2
Golden Horde
Result
Defeat
Dmitri Donskoy forced to reaffirm allegiance to the Golden Horde, and resumed paying the tribute
1406–1408
1406–1408
Date
1406–1408
Conflict
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1406–1408) [uk](part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars)
Combatant 1
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Combatant 2
Hungarian Treaty [uk] (1 September 1408)
Lithuania receives Principality of Smolensk and Upper Oka Principalities
Muscovy receives the cities of Kozelsk, Lyubutsk and Peremyshl
1425–1453
1425–1453
Date
1425–1453
Conflict
Muscovite War of Succession
Combatant 1
Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1434–9) Boris of Tver (c. 1438) Mäxmüd of Kazan (1445–8)Qasim Khan (1452–3)
Combatant 2
Older Donskoy line Yury Dmitrievich (1425–34) Vasily Kosoy (1434–6) Ulugh of Kazan (1437–45) Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439; 1445–53)Ivan of Mozhaysk [ru; uk] (1447–53)
Result
Vasily II victory
Younger lineage of Dmitry Donskoy gained the Muscovite throne
1437–1445
1437–1445
Date
1437–1445
Conflict
Ulugh Muhammad's campaign (first Russo-Kazan war)(from Battle of Belyov to Battle of Suzdal)(connected with the Muscovite War of Succession)
Combatant 1
Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1437–9)
Combatant 2
Older Donskoy line Ulugh of Kazan Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439)
Result
Ulugh victory
Ulugh captured Vasily II Vasilyevich (1445)
Ulugh's successor Mäxmüd made Vasily II his vassal
Dmitry Shemyaka seized Moscow in Vasily II's absence
1467–1469
1467–1469
Date
1467–1469
Conflict
Qasim War
Combatant 1
Grand Principality of Moscow
Qasim Khanate
Combatant 2
Khanate of Kazan
Result
Victory
Kazan released all ethnic Christian Russians enslaved in the preceding four decades
1471
1471
Date
1471
Conflict
Battle of Shelon
Combatant 1
Grand Principality of Moscow
Combatant 2
Novgorod Republic
Result
Victory
Novgorod Republic annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1478
1478
1478
Date
1478
Conflict
Siege of Kazan
Combatant 1
Khanate of Kazan
Combatant 2
Victory
The Kazan Khan imprisoned and replaced by his half-brother
1480
1480
Date
1480
Conflict
Great Stand on the Ugra River
Combatant 1
Golden Horde
Combatant 2
Debated
Traditional Russian historiography: Muscovite victory, and the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke in Russia
Modern Western scholarly historiography: Insignificant non-battle, embellished in later accounts; Moscow retained formal relations with Tatar khanates and continued paying tribute to the Crimean Khanate for decades
1480–1481
1480–1481
Date
1480–1481
Conflict
Russian-Livonian War (1480-1481)
Combatant 1
Russia
Combatant 2
Livonian Confederation
Result
Victory
1485
1485
Date
1485
Conflict
Capture of Tver (1485) [ru](part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])
Combatant 1
Grand Principality of Moscow
Combatant 2
Principality of Tver
Result
Victory
Principality of Tver annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow
1487–1494
1487–1494
Date
1487–1494
Conflict
First Muscovite-Lithuanian War
Combatant 1
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Combatant 2
Victory
1495–1497
1495–1497
Date
1495–1497
Conflict
Russo-Swedish War
Combatant 1
Sweden
Combatant 2
Inconclusive
1500–1503
1500–1503
Date
1500–1503
Conflict
Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Combatant 1
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Livonian Order
Combatant 2
Victory
1505–1507
1505–1507
Date
1505–1507
Conflict
Russo-Kazan War
Combatant 1
Khanate of Kazan
Combatant 2
Inconclusive
1507–1508
1507–1508
Date
1507–1508
Conflict
Third Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Combatant 1
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Crimean Khanate
1512–1522
1512–1522
Date
1512–1522
Conflict
Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Combatant 1
Grand Principality of Moscow
Livonian Order
Combatant 2
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Kingdom of Poland
Crimean Khanate
Result
Victory
1534–1537
1534–1537
Date
1534–1537
Conflict
Fifth Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Combatant 1
Grand Principality of Moscow
Combatant 2
Inconclusive
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Combatant 1
Combatant 2
Result
1281–1293/4
Vladimir-Suzdal war of succession (1281–1293) [ru] Casus belli: death of Alexander Nevsky (1263). Duden's campaign [ru] (summer–autumn 1293)(part of the Tokhta–Nogai war)
Nogai forcesDmitry of Pereslavl Mikhail of TverDaniel of Moscow
Tode Mongke (1281–1287) Tokhta forcesAndrey of Gorodets Theodore the BlackRostov princes
Tokhta victory Vladimir, Moscow and Tver sacked, countryside devastated Dmitry of Pereslavl fled, died in 1294 Andrey of Gorodets became indisputed Grand Prince of Vladimir
1296/8–1302
Struggle for Pereslavl-Zalessky
Daniel of Moscow Mikhail of Tver Tokhta
Andrey of Gorodets Theodore the BlackKonstantin of Ryazan
Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru](series of short wars, mixed with other conflicts)
Principality of Moscow
Principality of Tver
Victory Tver annexed by Moscow (1485)
1327
Tver Uprising of 1327(part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])
Golden Horde Ivan I Kalita of MoscowAlexander of Suzdal [uk; ru]
Principality of Tver Grand Principality of Vladimir
Golden Horde victory Aleksandr of Tver stripped of land holdings and later executed
1368–1372
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–72)(part of the Great Troubles and the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])
Principality of Moscow
Grand Duchy of Lithuania Principality of Tver
Inconclusive Treaty of Lyubutsk
1376
Muscovite–Volga Bulgars war(part of the Great Troubles)
Volga Bulgaria
Victory
1377
Battle on Pyana River(part of the Great Troubles)
Golden Horde
Defeat
1378
Battle of the Vozha River(part of the Great Troubles)
Victory
1380
Battle of Kulikovo(part of the Great Troubles)
Rus' principalities: Principality of Moscow (Dmitri Donskoy) Principality of Beloozero Principality of Yaroslavl Principality of Rostov Principality of Starodub Principality of Mologa Principality of Kashin Princes from Vyazma and Dorogobuzh Part of Upper Oka Principalities Lithuanian princes of Polotsk and Bryansk in exile
Western part of the Golden Horde European mercenaries
Victory for the Rus' principalities coalition Moscow replaced Tver as the most prominent of the northeastern Rus' principalities
1382
Siege of Moscow(part of the aftermath of the Great Troubles)
Principality of Moscow
Golden Horde
Defeat Dmitri Donskoy forced to reaffirm allegiance to the Golden Horde, and resumed paying the tribute
1406–1408
Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1406–1408) [uk](part of the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars)
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Hungarian Treaty [uk] (1 September 1408) Lithuania receives Principality of Smolensk and Upper Oka Principalities Muscovy receives the cities of Kozelsk, Lyubutsk and Peremyshl
1425–1453
Muscovite War of Succession
Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1434–9) Boris of Tver (c. 1438) Mäxmüd of Kazan (1445–8)Qasim Khan (1452–3)
Older Donskoy line Yury Dmitrievich (1425–34) Vasily Kosoy (1434–6) Ulugh of Kazan (1437–45) Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439; 1445–53)Ivan of Mozhaysk [ru; uk] (1447–53)
Vasily II victory Younger lineage of Dmitry Donskoy gained the Muscovite throne
1437–1445
Ulugh Muhammad's campaign (first Russo-Kazan war)(from Battle of Belyov to Battle of Suzdal)(connected with the Muscovite War of Succession)
Younger Donskoy line Vasily II Vasilyevich Dmitry II Shemyaka (1437–9)
Older Donskoy line Ulugh of Kazan Dmitry II Shemyaka (1439)
Ulugh victory Ulugh captured Vasily II Vasilyevich (1445) Ulugh's successor Mäxmüd made Vasily II his vassal Dmitry Shemyaka seized Moscow in Vasily II's absence
1467–1469
Qasim War
Grand Principality of Moscow Qasim Khanate
Khanate of Kazan
Victory Kazan released all ethnic Christian Russians enslaved in the preceding four decades
1471
Battle of Shelon
Grand Principality of Moscow
Novgorod Republic
Victory Novgorod Republic annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow in 1478
1478
Siege of Kazan
Khanate of Kazan
Victory The Kazan Khan imprisoned and replaced by his half-brother
1480
Great Stand on the Ugra River
Golden Horde
Debated Traditional Russian historiography: Muscovite victory, and the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke in Russia Modern Western scholarly historiography: Insignificant non-battle, embellished in later accounts; Moscow retained formal relations with Tatar khanates and continued paying tribute to the Crimean Khanate for decades
1480–1481
Russian-Livonian War (1480-1481)
Russia
Livonian Confederation
Victory
1485
Capture of Tver (1485) [ru](part of the Muscovite–Tverian wars [uk; ru])
Grand Principality of Moscow
Principality of Tver
Victory Principality of Tver annexed by the Grand Principality of Moscow
1487–1494
First Muscovite-Lithuanian War
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Victory
1495–1497
Russo-Swedish War
Sweden
Inconclusive
1500–1503
Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Grand Duchy of Lithuania Livonian Order
Victory
1505–1507
Russo-Kazan War
Khanate of Kazan
Inconclusive
1507–1508
Third Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Grand Duchy of Lithuania Crimean Khanate
1512–1522
Fourth Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Grand Principality of Moscow Livonian Order
Grand Duchy of Lithuania Kingdom of Poland Crimean Khanate
Victory
1534–1537
Fifth Muscovite–Lithuanian War
Grand Principality of Moscow
Inconclusive
· Tsardom of Russia (1547–1721)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1552
1552
Date
1552
Conflict
Siege of Kazan
Location
Tatarstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Khanate of Kazan
Result
Victory
The annexation of Kazan into Russia
1552–1556
1552–1556
Date
1552–1556
Conflict
Tatar Rebellion
Location
Tatarstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Tatar rebels
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1554–1557
1554–1557
Date
1554–1557
Conflict
Ivan the Terrible's Swedish War
Location
Karelia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Sweden
Result
Inconclusive
Treaty of Novgorod
1556
1556
Date
1556
Conflict
Russian conquest of Astrakhan
Location
Astrakhan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Astrakhan Khanate
Result
Victory
The annexation of Astrakhan into Russia
1558–1562
1558–1562
Date
1558–1562
Conflict
Ivan the Terrible's Livonian Campaign
Location
Livonia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Livonian Confederation
Result
Victory
Destruction of the Livonian state
Truce with Poland and Lithuania
Victory
The Crimean Tatars burn Moscow in 1571
The Russians defeat the Crimean Tatars at the Battle of Molodi in 1572
The independence of Russia and its conquests in the Volga region preserved
1580–1762
1580–1762
Date
1580–1762
Conflict
Russian conquest of Siberia
Location
Siberia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Cossacks
Pro-Russian native Siberians
Opponent(s)
Khanate of Sibir (until 1598)
Native Siberians
Result
Victory
The start of Russian annexation of Siberia
1590–1595
1590–1595
Date
1590–1595
Conflict
Boris Godunov's Swedish War
Location
Northern Europe
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Sweden
Result
Inconclusive
Treaty of Teusina
Мutual territorial concessions
1605–1618
1605–1618
Date
1605–1618
Conflict
Polish invasions of Russia
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia Sweden (1609–1610)
Opponent(s)
Poland–Lithuania
Result
Defeat
1606–1607
1606–1607
Date
1606–1607
Conflict
Bolotnikov Rebellion
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Rebels under Ivan Bolotnikov
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1610–1617
1610–1617
Date
1610–1617
Conflict
Ingrian War
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Sweden
Result
Defeat
Treaty of Stolbovo
1632–1634
1632–1634
Date
1632–1634
Conflict
Smolensk War
Location
Smolensk
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Poland–Lithuania
Result
Defeat
Treaty of Polyanovka
1651–1653
1651–1653
Date
1651–1653
Conflict
Alexis I's Persian War
Location
North Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Persia
Result
Defeat
1652–1689
1652–1689
Date
1652–1689
Conflict
Sino–Russian border conflicts
Location
Heilongjiang and Amur
Russia and its allies
RussiaCossacks
Opponent(s)
China Korea
Result
Defeat
Treaty of Nerchinsk
1654–1667
1654–1667
Date
1654–1667
Conflict
First Northern War
Location
Eastern Europe
Russia and its allies
Russia
Cossack Hetmanate
Opponent(s)
Poland-Lithuania Crimean Khanate
Result
Victory
Truce of Andrusovo
1656–1658
1656–1658
Date
1656–1658
Conflict
Second Northern War
Location
Northern Europe
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Sweden
Result
Inconclusive
Treaty of Valiesar
Treaty of Cardis
1662–1664
1662–1664
Date
1662–1664
Conflict
First Bashkir Rebellion
Location
Bashkortostan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Bashkir rebels
Result
Inconclusive; political defeat
The Russian government was forced to accept Bashkir demands
1670–1671
1670–1671
Date
1670–1671
Conflict
Razin's Rebellion
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Cossacks under Stepan Razin
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1676–1681
1676–1681
Date
1676–1681
Conflict
Feodor III's Turkish War
Location
Ukraine
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate
Result
Indecisive
Treaty of Bakhchisarai
1683–1700
1683–1700
Date
1683–1700
Conflict
Great Turkish War
Location
Eastern Europe
Russia and its allies
Russia (from 1686)
Austria
Poland–Lithuania Cossack Hetmanate
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate
Result
Victory
Treaty of Constantinople
Russia stops paying regular tribute to Crimea
Victory The Crimean Tatars burn Moscow in 1571 The Russians defeat the Crimean Tatars at the Battle of Molodi in 1572 The independence of Russia and its conquests in the Volga region preserved
1580–1762
Russian conquest of Siberia
Siberia
Russia Cossacks Pro-Russian native Siberians
Khanate of Sibir (until 1598) Native Siberians
Victory The start of Russian annexation of Siberia
1590–1595
Boris Godunov's Swedish War
Northern Europe
Russia
Sweden
Inconclusive Treaty of Teusina Мutual territorial concessions
1605–1618
Polish invasions of Russia
Russia
Russia Sweden (1609–1610)
Poland–Lithuania
Defeat
1606–1607
Bolotnikov Rebellion
Russia
Russia
Rebels under Ivan Bolotnikov
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1610–1617
Ingrian War
Russia
Russia
Sweden
Defeat Treaty of Stolbovo
1632–1634
Smolensk War
Smolensk
Russia
Poland–Lithuania
Defeat Treaty of Polyanovka
1651–1653
Alexis I's Persian War
North Caucasus
Russia
Persia
Defeat
1652–1689
Sino–Russian border conflicts
Heilongjiang and Amur
RussiaCossacks
China Korea
Defeat Treaty of Nerchinsk
1654–1667
First Northern War
Eastern Europe
Russia Cossack Hetmanate
Poland-Lithuania Crimean Khanate
Victory Truce of Andrusovo
1656–1658
Second Northern War
Northern Europe
Russia
Sweden
Inconclusive Treaty of Valiesar Treaty of Cardis
1662–1664
First Bashkir Rebellion
Bashkortostan
Russia
Bashkir rebels
Inconclusive; political defeat The Russian government was forced to accept Bashkir demands
1670–1671
Razin's Rebellion
Russia
Russia
Cossacks under Stepan Razin
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1676–1681
Feodor III's Turkish War
Ukraine
Russia
Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate
Indecisive Treaty of Bakhchisarai
1683–1700
Great Turkish War
Eastern Europe
Russia (from 1686) Austria Poland–Lithuania Cossack Hetmanate
Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate
Victory Treaty of Constantinople Russia stops paying regular tribute to Crimea
Sweden Holstein-Gottorp Poland-Lithuania (1704–1709) Ottoman Empire (1710–1714) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–09) Great Britain (1700, 1719–1921)
Victory against Sweden Treaty of Nystad
Defeat by Ottoman Empire Treaty of the Pruth
1704–1711
Third Bashkir Rebellion
Bashkortostan and Tatarstan
Russia
Bashkir rebels
Military victory, political defeat Russian government forced to accept some Bashkir demands
1707–1708
Bulavin Rebellion
Southern Russia
Russia
Don Cossack rebels
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1717
Peter the Great's Khivan War
Khanate of Khiva
Russia
Khanate of Khiva
Defeat Russian invasion repelled
1717–1731
War with Abulhair
Kazakhstan and Siberia
Russia
Kazakh Khanate
Victory Minor Jüz becomes a Russian vassal
· Russian Empire (1721–1917)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1722–1723
1722–1723
Date
1722–1723
Conflict
Persian Expedition of Peter the Great
Location
Caucasus and northern Iran
Russia and its allies
Russia Cossack HetmanateArmeniaGeorgia
Opponent(s)
Persia
Result
Victory
Treaty of Saint Petersburg
1725–1778
1725–1778
Date
1725–1778
Conflict
Russian conquest of Chukotka
Location
Chukotka
Russia and its allies
RussiaChuvansKoryaksYukagirs
Opponent(s)
Chukchi people
Result
Inconclusive
Attempts to impose a tribute failed in the long run.
The Chukchi accepted the agreement on submission, while maintaining a high degree of autonomy.
1733–1738
1733–1738
Date
1733–1738
Conflict
War of the Polish Succession Rhineland
Location
Poland
Russia and its allies
Poland under
Augustus III Russia Austria Saxony Prussia
Opponent(s)
Poland–Lithuania under Stanisław Leszczyński France Spain Sardinia
Result
Indecisive
Treaty of Vienna
1735–1739
1735–1739
Date
1735–1739
Conflict
Russo-Austro-Turkish War
Location
Eastern Europe
Russia and its allies
Russia
Cossack Hetmanate
Austria
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Crimea
Result
Victory
Russian victory
Austrian defeat
Treaty of Niš
1735–1740
1735–1740
Date
1735–1740
Conflict
Fourth Bashkir Rebellion
Location
Bashkortostan
Russia and its allies
Russia
pro-Russian Bashkirs
Opponent(s)
Bashkir rebels
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
Establishment of Orenburg
1740–1748
1740–1748
Date
1740–1748
Conflict
War of the Austrian Succession
Location
Europe
Russia and its allies
Austria Great Britain Hanover Russia (1741–1743, 1748) Dutch Republic Saxony (1743–1745) Sardinia
Opponent(s)
Prussia (1740–1742, 1744–45) Spain (1740–1746) France Bavaria (1741–1745) Saxony (1741–42) Naples Genoa Sweden (1741–1743)
Result
Inconclusive
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
Victory against Sweden
Treaty of Åbo
Victory against Sweden
Treaty of Åbo
Date
Victory against Sweden
Treaty of Åbo
1756–1763
1756–1763
Date
1756–1763
Conflict
Seven Years' War
Location
Europe and North America
Russia and its allies
France Austria Spain Sweden Russia (1756–1762) Saxony
Opponent(s)
Prussia Britain Hanover Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Portugal Hesse-Kassel Schaumburg-LippeIroquois Confederacy
Result
White peace
Treaty of Saint Petersburg
Defeat of Russia's former allies
1768–1769
1768–1769
Date
1768–1769
Conflict
Koliivshchyna Rebellion
Location
Ukraine
Russia and its allies
Russia
Poland-Lithuania
Opponent(s)
Haidamaky
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1768–1772
1768–1772
Date
1768–1772
Conflict
War of the Bar Confederation
Location
Poland
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
France Bar Confederation
Result
Victory
Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji
First Partition of Poland
1768–1774
1768–1774
Date
1768–1774
Conflict
Catherine the Great's First Turkish War
Location
Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Mediterranean
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Crimea
Result
Victory
Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
1773–1775
1773–1775
Date
1773–1775
Conflict
Pugachev's Rebellion
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Rebels under Yemelyan Pugachev Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1787–1792
1787–1792
Date
1787–1792
Conflict
Catherine the Great's Second Turkish War
Location
Eastern Europe
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
Treaty of Jassy
1783–1797
1783–1797
Date
1783–1797
Conflict
Syrym Datuly's rebellion
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Kazakhs
Result
Victory
1788–1790
1788–1790
Date
1788–1790
Conflict
Catherine the Great's Swedish War
Location
Finland, western Sweden, and the Baltic Sea
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Sweden
Result
Inconclusive
1792
1792
Date
1792
Conflict
Catherine the Great's Polish War
Location
Poland
Russia and its allies
Russia
Targowica Confederation
Opponent(s)
Poland–Lithuania
Result
Victory
Second Partition of Poland
1794
1794
Date
1794
Conflict
Kościuszko Uprising
Location
Poland
Russia and its allies
Russia Prussia
Opponent(s)
Poland–Lithuania
Result
Victory
The uprising is crushed
Third Partition of Poland; Poland ceases to exist as an independent country
1796
1796
Date
1796
Conflict
Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great
Location
North Caucasus and South Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Persia
Result
Victory
1799–1802
1799–1802
Date
1799–1802
Conflict
War of the Second Coalition
Location
Europe
Russia and its allies
Austria Holy Roman Empire Great Britain (United Kingdom from 1801) Russia (until 1799) French Royalists Portugal Two Sicilies Ottoman Empire
Opponent(s)
French First Republic Spain Denmark–Norway Polish LegionsFrench client states
Result
Withdrawal in 1799
French victory in 1802
1803–1806
1803–1806
Date
1803–1806
Conflict
War of the Third Coalition
Location
Europe
Russia and its allies
Austria Russia United Kingdom Sicily Naples Portugal Sweden
Opponent(s)
FranceFrench client states
Result
Defeat
Peace of Pressburg
1804–1813
1804–1813
Date
1804–1813
Conflict
Alexander I's Persian War
Location
North Caucasus, South Caucasus and northern Iran
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Persia
Result
Victory
Treaty of Gulistan
1806–1807
1806–1807
Date
1806–1807
Conflict
War of the Fourth Coalition
Location
Eastern and Central Europe
Russia and its allies
Prussia
United Kingdom
Saxony
Sweden
Russia
Naples
Opponent(s)
France
French client states
Spain
Confederation of the Rhine
Bavaria
Württemberg
Italy
Naples
Polish Legions
Result
Defeat
Treaties of Tilsit
1806–1812
1806–1812
Date
1806–1812
Conflict
Alexander I's Turkish War
Location
Romania, Moldova, Caucasus and Black Sea
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
Treaty of Bucharest
1807–1812
1807–1812
Date
1807–1812
Conflict
Anglo-Russian War
Location
Baltic Sea and Barents Sea
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
United Kingdom
Result
Inconclusive
Treaty of Orebro
1808–1809
1808–1809
Date
1808–1809
Conflict
Finnish War
Location
Finland and Sweden
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Sweden
Result
Victory
Treaty of Fredrikshamn
1809
1809
Date
1809
Conflict
War of the Fifth Coalition
Location
Central Europe
Russia and its allies
FranceConfederation of the Rhine Italy Spain Duchy of Warsaw Russia
Opponent(s)
Austria United Kingdom Naples Sardinia
Result
Victory (limited involvement)
Treaty of Schönbrunn
1812
1812
Date
1812
Conflict
French invasion of Russia
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
FranceFrench client states
Result
Victory
The French invasion is repelled
Napoleon's Grand Army is destroyed and forced to retreat
1813–1814
1813–1814
Date
1813–1814
Conflict
War of the Sixth Coalition
Location
Europe
Russia and its allies
Austria Prussia United Kingdom Sweden Russia Spain Portugal Naples Sardinia
Opponent(s)
FranceFrench client states
Result
Victory
Treaty of Fontainebleau
Treaty of Paris
1815
1815
Date
1815
Conflict
War of the Seventh Coalition
Location
Europe
Russia and its allies
Austria Prussia United Kingdom Russia Hanover Nassau Brunswick Sweden United Netherlands Spain Portugal Sardinia Two Sicilies Tuscany Switzerland French Royalists
Opponent(s)
First French Empire Naples
Result
Victory
Treaty of Paris
1817–1864
1817–1864
Date
1817–1864
Conflict
Caucasian War
Location
Caucasus
Russia and its allies
RussiaMingrelia Guria
Opponent(s)
Caucasian Imamate Circassia Big Kabarda (until 1825) Abkhazian insurgentsKazi-KumukhDagestan free people Avaria (1829–1859) Svaneti
Result
Victory
Annexation of North Caucasus into Russia
Surrender of Imam Shamil
1825
1825
Date
1825
Conflict
Decembrist revolt
Location
Saint Petersburg
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Decembrist rebels
Result
Victory
The revolt is crushed
1826–1836
1826–1836
Date
1826–1836
Conflict
Uprising of Sarzhan Kasimov [ru]
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Kazakhs
Result
Victory
1826–1828
1826–1828
Date
1826–1828
Conflict
Nicholas I's Persian War
Location
South Caucasus and northern Iran
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Persia
Result
Victory
Treaty of Turkmenchay
1827
1827
Date
1827
Conflict
Greek War of Independence
Location
Greece
Russia and its allies
United Kingdom France Russia
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
1828–1829
1828–1829
Date
1828–1829
Conflict
Nicholas I's Turkish War
Location
Balkans and Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
Treaty of Adrianople
1830–1831
1830–1831
Date
1830–1831
Conflict
November uprising
Location
Poland
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Poland
Result
Victory
The uprising is crushed
1836–1838
1836–1838
Date
1836–1838
Conflict
Bukey Horde uprising
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Kazakhs
Result
Victory
1837–1847
1837–1847
Date
1837–1847
Conflict
Kenesary's Rebellion
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Kazakhs
Result
Victory
Fall of Kazakh Khanate
1839–1841
1839–1841
Date
1839–1841
Conflict
Second Turko-Egyptian War
Location
Syria and Lebanon
Russia and its allies
United Kingdom Austria Russia Ottoman Empire
Opponent(s)
Egypt France Spain
Result
Victory
Egypt renounces its claim to Syria
1839–1840
1839–1840
Date
1839–1840
Conflict
Khivan campaign of 1839
Location
Central Asia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Khanate of Khiva
Result
Defeat
1841
1841
Date
1841
Conflict
Gurian rebellion
Location
Georgia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Gurian rebels
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1842
1842
Date
1842
Conflict
Shoorcha rebellion
Location
Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Tatar, Mari and Chuvash peasants
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1842–1868
1842–1868
Date
1842–1868
Conflict
Russian conquest of Bukhara
Location
Central Asia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Emirate of Bukhara
Result
Victory
1848–1849
1848–1849
Date
1848–1849
Conflict
Hungarian Revolution of 1848
Location
Hungary
Russia and its allies
Austria
Croatia
Serbian Vojvodina
Serbian volunteers
Pro-Habsburg Hungarians
Slovak National Council
Transylvanian Romanians
Chief Rus' Council [uk]
Czech volunteers
Bohemian and Moravian volunteers
Transylvanian Saxons
Russia
Opponent(s)
Hungary
Hungarian Slovenes
Pro-Hungarian Slovaks
Rusyns
Zipser Germans
Hungarian Germans
Croats from Western Hungary and Međimurje
Šokac and Bunjevac people
Banat Bulgarians
Polish legions
German legion
Viennese legion
Italian legion
Result
Victory
The revolution is crushed
1850–1868
1850–1868
Date
1850–1868
Conflict
Russian conquest of Kokand Khanate
Location
Central Asia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Khanate of Kokand
Result
Victory
1853–1856
1853–1856
Date
1853–1856
Conflict
Crimean War
Location
Crimea, Balkans, Caucasus, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, White Sea and Far East
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
France Ottoman Empire United Kingdom Sardinia
Result
Defeat
Treaty of Paris
1858
1858
Date
1858
Conflict
Mahtra Rebellion
Location
Estonia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Estonian peasants
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1861
1861
Date
1861
Conflict
Bezdna Revolt
Location
Tatarstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Peasants
Result
Victory
The revolt is crushed
1863–1864
1863–1864
Date
1863–1864
Conflict
January Uprising
Location
Poland
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Polish, Lithuanian and Ukrainian insurgents
Result
Victory
The uprising is crushed
1866
1866
Date
1866
Conflict
Polish rebellion in Siberia
Location
Siberia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Polish political exiles
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1868–1869
1868–1869
Date
1868–1869
Conflict
Uprising in the Ural and Turgai Oblasts
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Kazakhs
Result
Victory
1870
1870
Date
1870
Conflict
Adai Rebellion
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Kazakhs
Result
Victory
1873
1873
Date
1873
Conflict
Khivan campaign of 1873
Location
Central Asia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Khanate of Khiva
Result
Victory
1877–1878
1877–1878
Date
1877–1878
Conflict
Russo-Turkish War
Location
Balkans and Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Russia Romania Bulgarian volunteers Serbia Montenegro
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
Treaty of San Stefano
Treaty of Berlin
Reestablishment of the Bulgarian state
De jure independence of Romania, Serbia and Montenegro from the Ottoman Empire
The annexation of Kars and Batum into Russia
1897–1898
1897–1898
Date
1897–1898
Conflict
Cretan Revolt (1897–1898)
Location
Crete
Russia and its allies
Cretan revolutionaries Greece United Kingdom France Italy Russia Austria–Hungary (until April 12, 1898) German Empire (until March 16, 1898)
Opponent(s)
Ottoman Empire
Result
Victory
Establishment of the Cretan State
Withdrawal of Ottoman forces from Crete
1902–1906
1902–1906
Date
1902–1906
Conflict
Rebellion in Guria
Location
Georgia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Gurian Republic
Result
Victory
The rebellion is crushed
1904–1905
1904–1905
Date
1904–1905
Conflict
Russo-Japanese War
Location
Manchuria, Korean Peninsula and Yellow Sea
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Japan
Result
Defeat
Treaty of Portsmouth
1905–1907
1905–1907
Date
1905–1907
Conflict
Russian Revolution of 1905
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Revolutionaries
Supported by:
Saint Petersburg Soviet
Moscow City Duma
Chita Republic
Party of Socialist Revolutionaries
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Kagal
Result
Victory
Revolutionaries defeated
Nicholas II retains the throne
October Manifesto
Constitution enacted
Establishment of the State Duma
1905–1911
1905–1911
Date
1905–1911
Conflict
Persian Constitutional Revolution
Location
Iran
Russia and its allies
Persia Russia (from 1906)
Opponent(s)
Iranian constitutionalists
Result
Victory
Russian occupation of Northern Iran until 1917
1911
1911
Date
1911
Conflict
Mongolian Revolution of 1911
Location
Mongol heartland
Russia and its allies
Mongolian nationalists
Supported by: Russia
Opponent(s)
China
Result
Victory
Establishment of Bogd Khanate of Mongolia as independent of China.
Tuva becomes a Russian protectorated called Uryankhay Krai
1914–1917
1914–1917
Date
1914–1917
Conflict
World War I
Location
Europe and Asia
Russia and its allies
Allied Powers (see list)
Opponent(s)
Central Powers:
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Result
Defeat, later allied victory
Separate peace at Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russian Civil War
Paris Peace Conference
1917
1917
Date
1917
Conflict
February Revolution
Location
Petrograd, Russian Empire
Russia and its allies
Government:
Petrograd Police
Gendarmes
Ministry of Internal Affairs
Petrograd Garrison
Monarchists:
Russian Assembly
Monarchist Union
Union of the Russian Nation
Opponent(s)
Socialists:
Socialist Revolutionary Party
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
Bolsheviks
Mensheviks
Dashnaks
Liberals:
Kadets
Octobrists
Progressive Party
Result
Revolutionary victory:
End of the monarchy
Period of dual power between the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet
Proclamation of the Republic
October Revolution and start of the Russian Civil War
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Location
Russia and its allies
Opponent(s)
Result
1722–1723
Persian Expedition of Peter the Great
Caucasus and northern Iran
Russia Cossack HetmanateArmeniaGeorgia
Persia
Victory Treaty of Saint Petersburg
1725–1778
Russian conquest of Chukotka
Chukotka
RussiaChuvansKoryaksYukagirs
Chukchi people
Inconclusive Attempts to impose a tribute failed in the long run. The Chukchi accepted the agreement on submission, while maintaining a high degree of autonomy.
1733–1738
War of the Polish Succession Rhineland
Poland
Poland under Augustus III Russia Austria Saxony Prussia
Poland–Lithuania under Stanisław Leszczyński France Spain Sardinia
Indecisive Treaty of Vienna
1735–1739
Russo-Austro-Turkish War
Eastern Europe
Russia Cossack Hetmanate Austria
Ottoman Empire Crimea
Victory Russian victory Austrian defeat Treaty of Niš
1735–1740
Fourth Bashkir Rebellion
Bashkortostan
Russia pro-Russian Bashkirs
Bashkir rebels
Victory The rebellion is crushed Establishment of Orenburg
1740–1748
War of the Austrian Succession
Europe
Austria Great Britain Hanover Russia (1741–1743, 1748) Dutch Republic Saxony (1743–1745) Sardinia
Prussia (1740–1742, 1744–45) Spain (1740–1746) France Bavaria (1741–1745) Saxony (1741–42) Naples Genoa Sweden (1741–1743)
Inconclusive Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
Victory against Sweden Treaty of Åbo
1756–1763
Seven Years' War
Europe and North America
France Austria Spain Sweden Russia (1756–1762) Saxony
Prussia Britain Hanover Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Portugal Hesse-Kassel Schaumburg-LippeIroquois Confederacy
White peace Treaty of Saint Petersburg Defeat of Russia's former allies
1768–1769
Koliivshchyna Rebellion
Ukraine
Russia Poland-Lithuania
Haidamaky
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1768–1772
War of the Bar Confederation
Poland
Russia
France Bar Confederation
Victory Treaty of Kuçuk Kainarji First Partition of Poland
1768–1774
Catherine the Great's First Turkish War
Eastern Europe, Caucasus and Mediterranean
Russia
Ottoman Empire Crimea
Victory Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
1773–1775
Pugachev's Rebellion
Russia
Russia
Rebels under Yemelyan Pugachev Ottoman Empire
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1787–1792
Catherine the Great's Second Turkish War
Eastern Europe
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Victory Treaty of Jassy
1783–1797
Syrym Datuly's rebellion
Kazakhstan
Russia
Kazakhs
Victory
1788–1790
Catherine the Great's Swedish War
Finland, western Sweden, and the Baltic Sea
Russia
Sweden
Inconclusive
1792
Catherine the Great's Polish War
Poland
Russia Targowica Confederation
Poland–Lithuania
Victory Second Partition of Poland
1794
Kościuszko Uprising
Poland
Russia Prussia
Poland–Lithuania
Victory The uprising is crushed Third Partition of Poland; Poland ceases to exist as an independent country
1796
Persian Expedition of Catherine the Great
North Caucasus and South Caucasus
Russia
Persia
Victory
1799–1802
War of the Second Coalition
Europe
Austria Holy Roman Empire Great Britain (United Kingdom from 1801) Russia (until 1799) French Royalists Portugal Two Sicilies Ottoman Empire
French First Republic Spain Denmark–Norway Polish LegionsFrench client states
Withdrawal in 1799 French victory in 1802
1803–1806
War of the Third Coalition
Europe
Austria Russia United Kingdom Sicily Naples Portugal Sweden
FranceFrench client states
Defeat Peace of Pressburg
1804–1813
Alexander I's Persian War
North Caucasus, South Caucasus and northern Iran
Russia
Persia
Victory Treaty of Gulistan
1806–1807
War of the Fourth Coalition
Eastern and Central Europe
Prussia United Kingdom Saxony Sweden Russia Naples
France French client states Spain Confederation of the Rhine Bavaria Württemberg Italy Naples Polish Legions
Defeat Treaties of Tilsit
1806–1812
Alexander I's Turkish War
Romania, Moldova, Caucasus and Black Sea
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Victory Treaty of Bucharest
1807–1812
Anglo-Russian War
Baltic Sea and Barents Sea
Russia
United Kingdom
Inconclusive Treaty of Orebro
1808–1809
Finnish War
Finland and Sweden
Russia
Sweden
Victory Treaty of Fredrikshamn
1809
War of the Fifth Coalition
Central Europe
FranceConfederation of the Rhine Italy Spain Duchy of Warsaw Russia
Austria United Kingdom Naples Sardinia
Victory (limited involvement) Treaty of Schönbrunn
1812
French invasion of Russia
Russia
Russia
FranceFrench client states
Victory The French invasion is repelled Napoleon's Grand Army is destroyed and forced to retreat
1813–1814
War of the Sixth Coalition
Europe
Austria Prussia United Kingdom Sweden Russia Spain Portugal Naples Sardinia
FranceFrench client states
Victory Treaty of Fontainebleau Treaty of Paris
1815
War of the Seventh Coalition
Europe
Austria Prussia United Kingdom Russia Hanover Nassau Brunswick Sweden United Netherlands Spain Portugal Sardinia Two Sicilies Tuscany Switzerland French Royalists
First French Empire Naples
Victory Treaty of Paris
1817–1864
Caucasian War
Caucasus
RussiaMingrelia Guria
Caucasian Imamate Circassia Big Kabarda (until 1825) Abkhazian insurgentsKazi-KumukhDagestan free people Avaria (1829–1859) Svaneti
Victory Annexation of North Caucasus into Russia Surrender of Imam Shamil
1825
Decembrist revolt
Saint Petersburg
Russia
Decembrist rebels
Victory The revolt is crushed
1826–1836
Uprising of Sarzhan Kasimov [ru]
Kazakhstan
Russia
Kazakhs
Victory
1826–1828
Nicholas I's Persian War
South Caucasus and northern Iran
Russia
Persia
Victory Treaty of Turkmenchay
1827
Greek War of Independence
Greece
United Kingdom France Russia
Ottoman Empire
Victory
1828–1829
Nicholas I's Turkish War
Balkans and Caucasus
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Victory Treaty of Adrianople
1830–1831
November uprising
Poland
Russia
Poland
Victory The uprising is crushed
1836–1838
Bukey Horde uprising
Kazakhstan
Russia
Kazakhs
Victory
1837–1847
Kenesary's Rebellion
Kazakhstan
Russia
Kazakhs
Victory Fall of Kazakh Khanate
1839–1841
Second Turko-Egyptian War
Syria and Lebanon
United Kingdom Austria Russia Ottoman Empire
Egypt France Spain
Victory Egypt renounces its claim to Syria
1839–1840
Khivan campaign of 1839
Central Asia
Russia
Khanate of Khiva
Defeat
1841
Gurian rebellion
Georgia
Russia
Gurian rebels
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1842
Shoorcha rebellion
Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk
Russia
Tatar, Mari and Chuvash peasants
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1842–1868
Russian conquest of Bukhara
Central Asia
Russia
Emirate of Bukhara
Victory
1848–1849
Hungarian Revolution of 1848
Hungary
Austria Croatia Serbian Vojvodina Serbian volunteers Pro-Habsburg Hungarians Slovak National Council Transylvanian Romanians Chief Rus' Council [uk] Czech volunteers Bohemian and Moravian volunteers Transylvanian Saxons Russia
Hungary Hungarian Slovenes Pro-Hungarian Slovaks Rusyns Zipser Germans Hungarian Germans Croats from Western Hungary and Međimurje Šokac and Bunjevac people Banat Bulgarians Polish legions German legion Viennese legion Italian legion
Victory The revolution is crushed
1850–1868
Russian conquest of Kokand Khanate
Central Asia
Russia
Khanate of Kokand
Victory
1853–1856
Crimean War
Crimea, Balkans, Caucasus, Black Sea, Baltic Sea, White Sea and Far East
Russia
France Ottoman Empire United Kingdom Sardinia
Defeat Treaty of Paris
1858
Mahtra Rebellion
Estonia
Russia
Estonian peasants
Victory The rebellion is crushed
1861
Bezdna Revolt
Tatarstan
Russia
Peasants
Victory The revolt is crushed
1863–1864
January Uprising
Poland
Russia
Polish, Lithuanian and Ukrainian insurgents
Victory The uprising is crushed
· Russian Republic (1917)
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World heat map
1917
1917
Date
1917
Conflict
October Revolution
Location
Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Opponent(s)
Bolsheviks Petrograd Soviet Left SRs Red Guards
Result
Revolution succeeds
Dissolution of the Russian Provisional Government
The Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets proclaims itself the supreme governing body in the country
Constituent Assembly election held under heavy Bolshevik pressure
Beginning of the Russian Civil War
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Location
Russia and its allies
Opponent(s)
Result
1917
October Revolution
Russia
Russia
Bolsheviks Petrograd Soviet Left SRs Red Guards
Revolution succeeds Dissolution of the Russian Provisional Government The Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets proclaims itself the supreme governing body in the country Constituent Assembly election held under heavy Bolshevik pressure Beginning of the Russian Civil War
· Russian SFSR (1917–1922)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1917–1922
1917–1922
Date
1917–1922
Conflict
Russian Civil War
Location
Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Far East
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Mongolian Communists Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies
Opponent(s)
White Movement Mountain Republic Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies Britain Japan Czechoslovakia Greece United States France Serbia Romania Italy China Mongolia
Result
Victory of Bolshevik forces in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia; incorporation of those territories into the Soviet Union
Victory for independence movements in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces from those territories
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War withdraw from 1920 to 1925.
1917–1921
1917–1921
Date
1917–1921
Conflict
Ukrainian-Soviet War (Ukrainian War of Independence)
Location
Ukraine and Eastern Poland
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Makhnovshchina
Opponent(s)
Ukrainian People's Republic West Ukrainian People's Republic German Empire (1918) Poland (1920–1921) Hetmanate of Ukraine White Movement German Empire (1917–1918) Romania (1918) Poland (1918–1919) France (1919) Greece (1919)
Result
Victory
Formation of the Ukrainian SSR and its incorporation into the Soviet Union
Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1917–1920
1917–1920
Date
1917–1920
Conflict
Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War
Operation Faustschlag
Crimea Operation (1918)
German Caucasus expedition
Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
Location
Eastern Europe and Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Bolsheviks:
Russian SFSR Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic Commune of Estonia Lithuanian SSRLatvia
Iskolat
Latvian SSR
Ukrainian Soviet Republics
* Taurida SSR
Crimean SSR
Odessa SR
DK SR
Ukrainian SR
Rumcherod Baku Commune
Makhnovshchina
Opponent(s)
Central .mw- .mw- .mw- .mw-parser-output .treeview li Finland Georgia Crimea Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Azerbaijan Ukrainian State Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus Landeswehr Freikorps Bermontians Non-aligned Separatists: Estonia Latvia Lithuania Directorate of Ukraine Czechoslovak Legion Transcaucasian Republic Supported by: Allied Powers: United Kingdom France and others
Result
Pirric Victory
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is annulled, putting an end to German Mitteleuropa and Lebensraum, and Ottoman Pan-Turkist aspirations, against Russian economic independence.
Planned German client states, such as United Baltic Duchy, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, Kingdom of Lithuania and Kingdom of Poland, still fights for their independence and joins the Allies.
Start of Finnish Civil War and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
1917–1920
1917–1920
Date
1917–1920
Conflict
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
North Russia intervention
British campaign in the Baltic (1918–1919)
Southern Russia intervention
Siberian intervention
Chinese occupation of Mongolia
North Persia Force campaign
Malleson mission
Location
Northwest Russia, Southern Russia, Russian Central Asia and Siberia
Russia and its allies
Bolsheviks:
Soviet Russia Far Eastern Republic (1920–1922) Latvian SSR (1918–1920) Ukrainian SSR (1922–1925) Mongolian People's PartyPersian Socialist Soviet Republic
Central Powers (until 1918):
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Opponent(s)
Allied Powers:
White movement Czechoslovak Legion (1918–1919) Belgium (1918–1919) United Kingdom (1918–1920)
Canada (1918–1919)
Australia (1918–1919)
India
South Africa
United States (1918–1920) France (1918–1920) Japan (1918–1922) China (1919–1921) Poland Greece Estonia Latvia Serbia Italy Romania Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1921) Mongolia Qajar Persia (1918–1920)
Result
Stalemate
Allied victory against Central Powers, taking advantage of former German and Ottoman Puppet states.
Bolshevik pirric victory against Allied Powers incursions to support the White movement and some separatists movements, although loosing territories of former Russian Empire.
Japanese war in Siberia continues alone until 1922.
1917–1918
1917–1918
Date
1917–1918
Conflict
Belarusian-Soviet conflict
Location
Belarus
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Belarusian communists
Opponent(s)
Belarus German Empire Poland
Result
Temporary defeat
After German retreat, Soviet reconquest of Belarus and Polish–Soviet War.
1917–1920
1917–1920
Date
1917–1920
Conflict
Kazakhstan Campaign
Location
Kazakhstan
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Opponent(s)
Alash Autonomy
White Movement
Result
Victory
Overthrow of the Alash Autonomy; incorporation of Kazakhstan into the Soviet Union
1918
1918
Date
1918
Conflict
Romanian intervention in Bessarabia
Location
Moldavia and Bessarabia
Russia and its allies
Rumcherod
(19–30 January)
Odessa SR
(30 January–8 March)
Romanian Revolutionary Military Committee
(Feb.)
Moldavian Democratic Republic (pro-Bolshevik factions)
Supported by:
Soviet Russia
Soviet Ukraine
Odessa Committee for the Salvation of Bessarabia [ro]
Opponent(s)
Kingdom of Romania
Transylvanians-Bukovinians
Moldavian Democratic Republic (anti-Bolshevik factions)
Russian Republic
Ukrainian People's Republic
German Empire
Austria-Hungary
Result
Defeat
Start of Bessarabian question after Union of Bessarabia with Romania.
1918
1918
Date
1918
Conflict
Finnish Civil War
Location
Finland
Russia and its allies
Russian SSR Red Guard
Opponent(s)
White Guard Germany
Result
Defeat
Victory of the White Guard in Finland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces and Finnish independence
1918–1929
1918–1929
Date
1918–1929
Conflict
Heimosodat
Location
Finland, Karelia, Estonia and Northern Russia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Finnish Red Guards
Commune of Estonia
United Kingdom
(Viena expedition and Petsamo expeditions)
Opponent(s)
Finnish White Guard
Estonia
Uhtua
Forest Guerrillas
North Ingria
United Kingdom (Estonian War of Independence)
Result
Stalemate
Finnish victory in Estonia and Petsamo Province
Soviet victory in East Karelia and Northern Russia.
1918–1920
1918–1920
Date
1918–1920
Conflict
Armenian–Azerbaijani war
Location
Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Azerbaijani communists
Armenian communists
Turkish revolutionaries
Opponent(s)
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Ottoman Empire
Republic of Aras (1918–1919)
Result
Stalemate
Start of Soviet invasion of Armenia and of Azerbaijan, along Turkish–Armenian War.
End of Russo-Turkish wars in Caucassus.
1918
1918
Date
1918
Conflict
German Caucasus expedition
Location
Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSRBaku Commune
Centrocaspian Dictatorship
Armenian Revolutionary Federation
United Kingdom
Opponent(s)
German Empire
Georgia
Ottoman Empire
Azerbaijan
Result
Inconclussive due to end of Caucasus campaign.
1918–1919
1918–1919
Date
1918–1919
Conflict
Sochi conflict
Location
Georgia–Russia border
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Armed Forces of South Russia Ottoman Empire
Opponent(s)
Georgia
Result
Indecisive
Sochi and Tuapse transferred to the Russian SFSR
Gagra transferred to Georgia
1918:
German Empire
Imperial Army
1918–1919:
Weimar Republic
Freikorps
Reichswehr
Der Stahlhelm
SPD
Result
Defeat
Russian Bolsheviks didn't reach Germany after the Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the intervention on Hungarian Revolution of 1919.
Victory of non-communists in Germany.
1918–1919
1918–1919
Date
1918–1919
Conflict
Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919
Location
Baltic region, East Slavic states, Southeast Europe and Central Europe
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Soviet Estonia
Soviet Latvia
Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR
Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee
Ukrainian SSR
Finnish Red Guards
Opponent(s)
White Movement
Estonia
Latvia
Lithuania
Belarus
Ukraine
Poland
Romania
France
United Kingdom
Ober Ost
Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers
Result
Stalemate
Soviet victory on Belarus and occupation of Baltic states (start of Wars of Independence in Baltic States).
Soviet defeat on Romania and Finland.
Soviet inconclusive tie on Poland and Ukraine (start of Polish–Soviet War and 2nd phase of Ukrainian–Soviet War)
1918–1920
1918–1920
Date
1918–1920
Conflict
Latvian War of Independence
Location
Latvia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Latvian SSR
Opponent(s)
Latvian Army Estonia Lieven Poland Lithuania
Supported by the Allied Powers
VI Reserve Corps:
Baltische Landeswehr
Freikorps
merged into the West Russian Volunteer Army in September 1919
Result
Defeat
Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Latvia; Latvian independence
1918–1920
1918–1920
Date
1918–1920
Conflict
Estonian War of Independence
Location
Estonia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Commune of Estonia
Opponent(s)
Estonia Latvia United Kingdom White Movement
Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers Baltische Landeswehr
Result
Defeat
Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Estonia; Estonian independence
Treaty of Tartu
1918–1919
1918–1919
Date
1918–1919
Conflict
Lithuanian–Soviet War
Location
Lithuania
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Lithuanian–Belorussian SSR
Opponent(s)
Republic of Lithuania Saxon volunteers
Result
Defeat
Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Lithuania; Lithuanian independence
1918–1920
1918–1920
Date
1918–1920
Conflict
Georgian-Ossetian Conflict
Location
Georgia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Ossetian rebels
Opponent(s)
Transcaucasian Federation Georgia
Result
Defeat
The Ossetian rebellion is crushed
1918–1922
1918–1922
Date
1918–1922
Conflict
Siberian intervention
Location
Siberia, Sakhalin and Northern China
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Far Eastern Republic
Mongolian Communists
Supported by:
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Opponent(s)
Russian State
Zelenyi Klyn
Allied Powers:
Japan Czechoslovakia Poland United States Italy United Kingdom
Canada
China
France Mongolia
Result
Victory
Bolshevik forces consolidates control over Russian Far East.
Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention
1918–20
1918–20
Date
1918–20
Conflict
Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
Location
Hungary, Slovakia, Romania and Croatia
Russia and its allies
Hungarian Republic
Hungarian SR Slovak SR
Supported by:
Soviet Russia
Opponent(s)
Kingdom of Hungary
Czechoslovakia Romania State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Republic of Prekmurje Hutsul Republic
Supported by: France
Result
Defeat
Victory of Counter-Revolutionaries in Hungary. Fall of Hungarian Soviet Republic
Victory of Anti-Hungarian separatists. Cordon sanitaire backed by France is stablished against Bolshevik Russia and Weimar Germany.
1918–19
1918–19
Date
1918–19
Conflict
Hungarian–Romanian War
Location
Transylvania and Bessarabia
Russia and its allies
Kingdom of Hungary (13 November 1918 – 16 November 1918)
Hungarian Republic (16 November 1918 – 21 March 1919)
Soviet Hungary (from 21 March 1919)
Supported by:
Soviet Russia
Opponent(s)
Romania
Supported by:
France
Result
Defeat
Union of Bessarabia with Romania is consolidated
Union of Transylvania with Romania is consolidated.
1918–19
1918–19
Date
1918–19
Conflict
Hungarian–Czechoslovak War
Location
Hungary–Slovakia border
Russia and its allies
Hungarian Republic (until 21 March 1919)
Soviet Hungary (from 21 March 1919)
Slovak SR
Supported by:
Soviet Russia
Bessarabian SSR
Opponent(s)
Czechoslovakia
Hungarian anti-communists
Supported by:
France
Romania
Result
Defeat
Dissolution of the short-lived Slovak Soviet Republic
1919
1919
Date
1919
Conflict
Khotyn Uprising
Location
Bessarabia
Russia and its allies
Committee for the Salvation of Bessarabia
Ukrainian and Moldovan insurgents
Ukrainian SSR
Red Guard
Opponent(s)
Romania
Ukraine
Result
Defeat
1919
1919
Date
1919
Conflict
Bender Uprising
Location
Bessarabia
Russia and its allies
Ukrainian SSR Red Guard
Opponent(s)
Romania France
Result
Defeat
1919–1921
1919–1921
Date
1919–1921
Conflict
Polish–Soviet War
Location
Poland, Vilnius,Western Belorussia and Ukraine
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR Polrewkom
Defeat
Bolshevik forces expelled from Poland
Peace of Riga
Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1919–1923
1919–1923
Date
1919–1923
Conflict
Turkish War of Independence
Location
Turkey and Caucasus
Russia and its allies
Turkey Russian SFSR
Opponent(s)
Greece United Kingdom Armenia
Result
Victory
Overthrow of the Ottoman sultanate
Establishment of the Republic of Turkey
1920
1920
Date
1920
Conflict
Invasion of Azerbaijan
Location
Azerbaijan
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Azerbaijan SSR
Opponent(s)
Azerbaijan
Result
Victory
Overthrow of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic government; incorporation of Azerbaijan into the Soviet Union
1920
1920
Date
1920
Conflict
Invasion of Armenia
Location
Armenia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Opponent(s)
Armenia
Result
Victory
Overthrow of the First Republic of Armenia; incorporation of Armenia into the Soviet Union
1915–1921
1915–1921
Date
1915–1921
Conflict
Jungle Movement insurrection on Gilan
Anzali Operation
Location
Iran
Russia and its allies
Persian SSR
Jungle revolutionaries
Supported by:
Soviet Russia (since 1920)
Opponent(s)
Qajar Iran
Persian Cossack Brigade
Russian Empire (1915–1917)
White movement (since 1920)
British Empire
Result
Defeat
Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement forces the retreat of Bolsheviks and Soviet Caspian Flotilla from northern Iran.
1921
1921
Date
1921
Conflict
Invasion of Georgia
Location
Georgia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Azerbaijan SSR Turkey
Opponent(s)
Georgia
Result
Victory
Overthrow of the Democratic Republic of Georgia; incorporation of Georgia into the Soviet Union
1921
1921
Date
1921
Conflict
Red army incursion on Altay
Location
Xinjiang (Chinese Turkestan)
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party
China
Opponent(s)
White Movement
Orenburg Cossacks
Result
Victory
Andrei Bakich anti-bolshevik resistance fled to Mongolia, starting Soviet intervention in Mongolia.
1921
1921
Date
1921
Conflict
Soviet intervention in Mongolia
Location
Mongolia, Tuva and Northern China
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party
Opponent(s)
Mongolia
Supported by:
White Movement
Asiatic Cavalry Division
China
Anhui clique
Supported by:
Japan
Result
Victory
Mongolian Revolution of 1921 success in overthrown the Bogd Khan.
Provisional People's Republic of Mongolia established as a protectorate. End of Chinese occupation of Mongolia.
1921
1921
Date
1921
Conflict
Free City Incident
Location
Russian Far East
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Far Eastern Republic
Korean Revolutionary Military Government Council
Irkutsk Faction (Korean Communist Party)
Opponent(s)
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Shanghai Faction (Korean Communist Party)
Result
Victory
Korean Independence Army is dismantled due to Japanese pression
Qajar Iran
Persian Cossack Brigade
Supported by:
United Kingdom
Result
Defeat
Suppression of Colonel Pessian's revolt and dissolution of the Autonomous Government of Khorasan
Dissolution of the Republic of Gilan after Mirza Kuchik Khan lost support from Vladimir Lenin.
Russo-Persian Treaty of Friendship (1921)
White Russian counter-revolutionary forces who fled to Iran, along Communist Party of Persia, are repressed by Persian Monarchy
1921–1922
1921–1922
Date
1921–1922
Conflict
East Karelian Uprising
Location
East Karelia
Russia and its allies
Russian SFSR
Opponent(s)
Forest Guerrillas Finnish volunteers
Result
Victory
The uprising is crushed
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Location
Russia and its allies
Opponent(s)
Result
1917–1922
Russian Civil War
Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Far East
Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Mongolian Communists Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies
White Movement Mountain Republic Makhnovshchina Left SR Green armies Britain Japan Czechoslovakia Greece United States France Serbia Romania Italy China Mongolia
Victory of Bolshevik forces in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, South Caucasus, Central Asia, Tuva, and Mongolia; incorporation of those territories into the Soviet Union Victory for independence movements in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces from those territories Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War withdraw from 1920 to 1925.
1917–1921
Ukrainian-Soviet War (Ukrainian War of Independence)
Ukraine and Eastern Poland
Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Makhnovshchina
Ukrainian People's Republic West Ukrainian People's Republic German Empire (1918) Poland (1920–1921) Hetmanate of Ukraine White Movement German Empire (1917–1918) Romania (1918) Poland (1918–1919) France (1919) Greece (1919)
Victory Formation of the Ukrainian SSR and its incorporation into the Soviet Union Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1917–1920
Central Powers intervention in the Russian Civil War Operation Faustschlag Crimea Operation (1918) German Caucasus expedition Armenian–Azerbaijani war (1918–1920)
Eastern Europe and Caucasus
Bolsheviks: Russian SFSR Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic Commune of Estonia Lithuanian SSRLatvia Iskolat Latvian SSR Ukrainian Soviet Republics * Taurida SSR Crimean SSR Odessa SR DK SR Ukrainian SR Rumcherod Baku Commune Makhnovshchina
Central .mw- treeview li Finland Georgia Crimea Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Azerbaijan Ukrainian State Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus Landeswehr Freikorps Bermontians Non-aligned Separatists: Estonia Latvia Lithuania Directorate of Ukraine Czechoslovak Legion Transcaucasian Republic Supported by: Allied Powers: United Kingdom France and others
Pirric Victory Treaty of Brest-Litovsk is annulled, putting an end to German Mitteleuropa and Lebensraum, and Ottoman Pan-Turkist aspirations, against Russian economic independence. Planned German client states, such as United Baltic Duchy, Duchy of Courland and Semigallia, Kingdom of Lithuania and Kingdom of Poland, still fights for their independence and joins the Allies. Start of Finnish Civil War and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
1917–1920
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War North Russia intervention British campaign in the Baltic (1918–1919) Southern Russia intervention Siberian intervention Chinese occupation of Mongolia North Persia Force campaign Malleson mission
Northwest Russia, Southern Russia, Russian Central Asia and Siberia
Bolsheviks: Soviet Russia Far Eastern Republic (1920–1922) Latvian SSR (1918–1920) Ukrainian SSR (1922–1925) Mongolian People's PartyPersian Socialist Soviet Republic Central Powers (until 1918): Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Bulgaria
Allied Powers: White movement Czechoslovak Legion (1918–1919) Belgium (1918–1919) United Kingdom (1918–1920) Canada (1918–1919) Australia (1918–1919) India South Africa United States (1918–1920) France (1918–1920) Japan (1918–1922) China (1919–1921) Poland Greece Estonia Latvia Serbia Italy Romania Ukrainian People's Republic (1918–1921) Mongolia Qajar Persia (1918–1920)
Stalemate Allied victory against Central Powers, taking advantage of former German and Ottoman Puppet states. Bolshevik pirric victory against Allied Powers incursions to support the White movement and some separatists movements, although loosing territories of former Russian Empire. Japanese war in Siberia continues alone until 1922.
1917–1918
Belarusian-Soviet conflict
Belarus
Russian SFSR Belarusian communists
Belarus German Empire Poland
Temporary defeat After German retreat, Soviet reconquest of Belarus and Polish–Soviet War.
1917–1920
Kazakhstan Campaign
Kazakhstan
Russian SFSR
Alash Autonomy White Movement
Victory Overthrow of the Alash Autonomy; incorporation of Kazakhstan into the Soviet Union
1918
Romanian intervention in Bessarabia
Moldavia and Bessarabia
Rumcherod (19–30 January) Odessa SR (30 January–8 March) Romanian Revolutionary Military Committee (Feb.) Moldavian Democratic Republic (pro-Bolshevik factions) Supported by: Soviet Russia Soviet Ukraine Odessa Committee for the Salvation of Bessarabia [ro]
Kingdom of Romania Transylvanians-Bukovinians Moldavian Democratic Republic (anti-Bolshevik factions) Russian Republic Ukrainian People's Republic German Empire Austria-Hungary
Defeat Start of Bessarabian question after Union of Bessarabia with Romania.
1918
Finnish Civil War
Finland
Russian SSR Red Guard
White Guard Germany
Defeat Victory of the White Guard in Finland; expulsion of Bolshevik forces and Finnish independence
1918–1929
Heimosodat
Finland, Karelia, Estonia and Northern Russia
Russian SFSR Finnish Red Guards Commune of Estonia United Kingdom (Viena expedition and Petsamo expeditions)
Finnish White Guard Estonia Uhtua Forest Guerrillas North Ingria United Kingdom (Estonian War of Independence)
Stalemate Finnish victory in Estonia and Petsamo Province Soviet victory in East Karelia and Northern Russia.
1918–1920
Armenian–Azerbaijani war
Caucasus
Russian SFSR Azerbaijani communists Armenian communists Turkish revolutionaries
Armenia Azerbaijan Ottoman Empire Republic of Aras (1918–1919)
Stalemate Start of Soviet invasion of Armenia and of Azerbaijan, along Turkish–Armenian War. End of Russo-Turkish wars in Caucassus.
1918
German Caucasus expedition
Caucasus
Russian SFSRBaku Commune Centrocaspian Dictatorship Armenian Revolutionary Federation United Kingdom
German Empire Georgia Ottoman Empire Azerbaijan
Inconclussive due to end of Caucasus campaign.
1918–1919
Sochi conflict
Georgia–Russia border
Russian SFSR Armed Forces of South Russia Ottoman Empire
Georgia
Indecisive Sochi and Tuapse transferred to the Russian SFSR Gagra transferred to Georgia
1918: German Empire Imperial Army 1918–1919: Weimar Republic Freikorps Reichswehr Der Stahlhelm SPD
Defeat Russian Bolsheviks didn't reach Germany after the Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 and the intervention on Hungarian Revolution of 1919. Victory of non-communists in Germany.
1918–1919
Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919
Baltic region, East Slavic states, Southeast Europe and Central Europe
Russian SFSR Soviet Estonia Soviet Latvia Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee Ukrainian SSR Finnish Red Guards
White Movement Estonia Latvia Lithuania Belarus Ukraine Poland Romania France United Kingdom Ober Ost Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers
Stalemate Soviet victory on Belarus and occupation of Baltic states (start of Wars of Independence in Baltic States). Soviet defeat on Romania and Finland. Soviet inconclusive tie on Poland and Ukraine (start of Polish–Soviet War and 2nd phase of Ukrainian–Soviet War)
1918–1920
Latvian War of Independence
Latvia
Russian SFSR Latvian SSR
Latvian Army Estonia Lieven Poland Lithuania Supported by the Allied Powers VI Reserve Corps: Baltische Landeswehr Freikorps merged into the West Russian Volunteer Army in September 1919
Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Latvia; Latvian independence
1918–1920
Estonian War of Independence
Estonia
Russian SFSR Commune of Estonia
Estonia Latvia United Kingdom White Movement Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers Baltische Landeswehr
Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Estonia; Estonian independence Treaty of Tartu
1918–1919
Lithuanian–Soviet War
Lithuania
Russian SFSR Lithuanian–Belorussian SSR
Republic of Lithuania Saxon volunteers
Defeat Expulsion of Bolshevik forces from Lithuania; Lithuanian independence
1918–1920
Georgian-Ossetian Conflict
Georgia
Russian SFSR Ossetian rebels
Transcaucasian Federation Georgia
Defeat The Ossetian rebellion is crushed
1918–1922
Siberian intervention
Siberia, Sakhalin and Northern China
Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Mongolian Communists Supported by: Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea
Russian State Zelenyi Klyn Allied Powers: Japan Czechoslovakia Poland United States Italy United Kingdom Canada China France Mongolia
Victory Bolshevik forces consolidates control over Russian Far East. Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention
1918–20
Revolutions and interventions in Hungary
Hungary, Slovakia, Romania and Croatia
Hungarian Republic Hungarian SR Slovak SR Supported by: Soviet Russia
Kingdom of Hungary Czechoslovakia Romania State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Republic of Prekmurje Hutsul Republic Supported by: France
Defeat Victory of Counter-Revolutionaries in Hungary. Fall of Hungarian Soviet Republic Victory of Anti-Hungarian separatists. Cordon sanitaire backed by France is stablished against Bolshevik Russia and Weimar Germany.
1918–19
Hungarian–Romanian War
Transylvania and Bessarabia
Kingdom of Hungary (13 November 1918 – 16 November 1918) Hungarian Republic (16 November 1918 – 21 March 1919) Soviet Hungary (from 21 March 1919) Supported by: Soviet Russia
Romania Supported by: France
Defeat Union of Bessarabia with Romania is consolidated Union of Transylvania with Romania is consolidated.
1918–19
Hungarian–Czechoslovak War
Hungary–Slovakia border
Hungarian Republic (until 21 March 1919) Soviet Hungary (from 21 March 1919) Slovak SR Supported by: Soviet Russia Bessarabian SSR
Czechoslovakia Hungarian anti-communists Supported by: France Romania
Defeat Dissolution of the short-lived Slovak Soviet Republic
1919
Khotyn Uprising
Bessarabia
Committee for the Salvation of Bessarabia Ukrainian and Moldovan insurgents Ukrainian SSR Red Guard
Romania Ukraine
Defeat
1919
Bender Uprising
Bessarabia
Ukrainian SSR Red Guard
Romania France
Defeat
1919–1921
Polish–Soviet War
Poland, Vilnius,Western Belorussia and Ukraine
Russian SFSR Ukrainian SSR Byelorussian SSR Polrewkom
Defeat Bolshevik forces expelled from Poland Peace of Riga Destruction of the Ukrainian People's Republic
1919–1923
Turkish War of Independence
Turkey and Caucasus
Turkey Russian SFSR
Greece United Kingdom Armenia
Victory Overthrow of the Ottoman sultanate Establishment of the Republic of Turkey
1920
Invasion of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Russian SFSR Azerbaijan SSR
Azerbaijan
Victory Overthrow of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic government; incorporation of Azerbaijan into the Soviet Union
1920
Invasion of Armenia
Armenia
Russian SFSR
Armenia
Victory Overthrow of the First Republic of Armenia; incorporation of Armenia into the Soviet Union
1915–1921
Jungle Movement insurrection on Gilan Anzali Operation
Iran
Persian SSR Jungle revolutionaries Supported by: Soviet Russia (since 1920)
Qajar Iran Persian Cossack Brigade Russian Empire (1915–1917) White movement (since 1920) British Empire
Defeat Anglo-Soviet Trade Agreement forces the retreat of Bolsheviks and Soviet Caspian Flotilla from northern Iran.
1921
Invasion of Georgia
Georgia
Russian SFSR Azerbaijan SSR Turkey
Georgia
Victory Overthrow of the Democratic Republic of Georgia; incorporation of Georgia into the Soviet Union
1921
Red army incursion on Altay
Xinjiang (Chinese Turkestan)
Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party China
White Movement Orenburg Cossacks
Victory Andrei Bakich anti-bolshevik resistance fled to Mongolia, starting Soviet intervention in Mongolia.
1921
Soviet intervention in Mongolia
Mongolia, Tuva and Northern China
Russian SFSR Mongolian People's Party
Mongolia Supported by: White Movement Asiatic Cavalry Division China Anhui clique Supported by: Japan
Victory Mongolian Revolution of 1921 success in overthrown the Bogd Khan. Provisional People's Republic of Mongolia established as a protectorate. End of Chinese occupation of Mongolia.
1921
Free City Incident
Russian Far East
Russian SFSR Far Eastern Republic Korean Revolutionary Military Government Council Irkutsk Faction (Korean Communist Party)
Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea Shanghai Faction (Korean Communist Party)
Victory Korean Independence Army is dismantled due to Japanese pression
Qajar Iran Persian Cossack Brigade Supported by: United Kingdom
Defeat Suppression of Colonel Pessian's revolt and dissolution of the Autonomous Government of Khorasan Dissolution of the Republic of Gilan after Mirza Kuchik Khan lost support from Vladimir Lenin. Russo-Persian Treaty of Friendship (1921) White Russian counter-revolutionary forces who fled to Iran, along Communist Party of Persia, are repressed by Persian Monarchy
1921–1922
East Karelian Uprising
East Karelia
Russian SFSR
Forest Guerrillas Finnish volunteers
Victory The uprising is crushed
· Russia and the Soviet Union (1916–1934)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1916–1934
1916–1934
Date
1916–1934
Conflict
Central Asian Revolt
Location
Russian Turkestan
Russia and its allies
Russian Republic (1917)
Russian SFSR
Turkestan ASSR
Kirghiz ASSR
Khorezm PSR
Bukharan PSR
Soviet Union (from December 30, 1922)
In cooperation with:
Amanullah loyalists (1929)
Afghanistan (1930)
Opponent(s)
Basmachi movement
Khanate of Khiva (1918–20)
White Army
Alash Autonomy (1919–20)
Emirate of Bukhara (1920)
Supported by:
Afghanistan (until mid-1922)
Saqqawists (1929)
Emirate of Afghanistan (1929)
Result
Soviet-Afghan victory
Turkestan incorporated into the Soviet Union
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Location
Russia and its allies
Opponent(s)
Result
1916–1934
Central Asian Revolt
Russian Turkestan
Russian Republic (1917) Russian SFSR Turkestan ASSR Kirghiz ASSR Khorezm PSR Bukharan PSR Soviet Union (from December 30, 1922) In cooperation with: Amanullah loyalists (1929) Afghanistan (1930)
Basmachi movement Khanate of Khiva (1918–20) White Army Alash Autonomy (1919–20) Emirate of Bukhara (1920) Supported by: Afghanistan (until mid-1922) Saqqawists (1929) Emirate of Afghanistan (1929)
Soviet-Afghan victory Turkestan incorporated into the Soviet Union
Victory
The uprising is suppressed
Consolidation of Soviet rule in the Georgian SSR
1925–1926
1925–1926
Date
1925–1926
Conflict
Urtatagai conflict
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Emirate of Afghanistan
Result
Defeat
Peace Treaty
Urtatagui is seized back to Afghanistan
Afghanistan agreement to restrain Basmachi border raids
1929
1929
Date
1929
Conflict
Sino-Soviet conflict
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
China
Result
Victory
The provisions of the 1924 agreement are upheld
1929
1929
Date
1929
Conflict
Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929)
Part of the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Kingdom of Afghanistan
Combatant 2
Emirate of Afghanistan
Saqqawists
Basmachi
Result
Defeat
The Soviet Union failed to change the situation in the country
Red Army withdrawal from Afghanistan back to the USSR
Civil war in Afghanistan continues
1930
1930
Date
1930
Conflict
Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Basmachi
Result
Victory
1932
1932
Date
1932
Conflict
Chechen uprising of 1932 [ru][citation needed]
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Chechen rebels
Result
Victory
The uprising is suppressed
1932–1941
1932–1941
Date
1932–1941
Conflict
Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Mongolia
Combatant 2
Japan
Manchukuo
Result
Victory
Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
1934
1934
Date
1934
Conflict
Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
Combatant 1
Soviet Union Xinjiang clique White MovementTorgut Mongols
Combatant 2
China
Result
Stalemate
Xinjiang divided in two
1936–1939
1936–1939
Date
1936–1939
Conflict
Spanish Civil War
Location
Spain
Combatant 1
Spain
People's Army
Popular Front
UGT
CNT-FAI
Generalitat de Catalunya
Euzko Gudarostea
Supported by: Soviet Union Mexico
Volunteers International Brigades
Combatant 2
Nationalist faction
FET y de las JONS
FE de las JONS
Requetés/CT
CEDA
Renovación Española
Army of Africa
Supported by: Italy Germany Portugal
Result
Defeat
Nationalist faction victory
Fall of the Second Spanish Republic
Beginning of Franco's regime
1937
1937
Date
1937
Conflict
Islamic Rebellion in Xinjiang[citation needed]
Combatant 1
Xinjiang
Soviet Union
White Movement
Combatant 2
China
Result
Victory
Rebellion is suppressed
Establishment of the rule of Sheng Shicai's Soviet puppet regime over the whole territory of Xinjiang province
1939
1939
Date
1939
Conflict
Soviet invasion of Poland (Part of World War II)
Combatant 1
Germany
Soviet Union
Slovakia
Combatant 2
Poland
Result
Victory
Occupation of Polish territory by Nazi Germany, Soviet Union and Slovakia
Annexation of Soviet-occupied territory into the Belarussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR (except for part of the Vilnius Region)
1939–1940
1939–1940
Date
1939–1940
Conflict
Winter War (Part of World War II)
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Finland
Result
Inconclusive
Soviet invasion of Finland repelled and the planned conquest of Finland fails
Moscow Peace Treaty
Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands, Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla, and Rybachy Peninsula, and lease of Hanko to the Soviet Union
Expulsion of the Soviet Union from the League of Nations
1940
1940
Date
1940
Conflict
Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states (Part of World War II)
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Estonia Latvia Lithuania
Result
Victory
Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union
1940
1940
Date
1940
Conflict
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina (part of World War II)
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Romania
Result
Victory
Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region annexed into the Soviet Union; formation of the Moldavian SSR
1941–1945
1941–1945
Date
1941–1945
Conflict
World War II
Combatant 1
Allied Powers:
Soviet Union
United States
United Kingdom
China
France
Poland
Canada
Australia
New Zealand
India
South Africa
Yugoslavia
Greece
Denmark
Norway
Netherlands
Belgium
Luxembourg
Czechoslovakia
Brazil
Mexico
Combatant 2
Axis Powers:
Germany
Japan
Italy
Hungary
Romania
Bulgaria
Slovakia
Croatia
Thailand
Manchukuo
Mengjiang
Wang Jingwei regime
Result
Victory
Debellation of the Third Reich
Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires
Creation of the United Nations
Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as rival superpowers
Beginning of the Cold War
1944–1960s
1944–1960s
Date
1944–1960s
Conflict
Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe[citation needed]
Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953)
Guerrilla war in Ukraine (Part of World War II from 1944 to 1945)
Guerrilla war in the Baltic states
Hungarian Revolution of 1956
Uprising of 1953 in East Germany
Combatant 1
Soviet Union East Germany Polish People's Republic Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Hungarian People's Republic Socialist Republic of Romania People's Republic of Bulgaria Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Combatant 2
Ukrainian insurgents Polish insurgents Estonian insurgents Latvian insurgents Lithuanian insurgents Bulgarian insurgents Serbian insurgents Croatian insurgents Romanian insurgents German insurgents Hungarian insurgents
Result
Victory
The insurgencies are suppressed
Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe preserved
1945
1945
Date
1945
Conflict
Soviet–Japanese War (Part of World War II)
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Mongolia
Combatant 2
Japan
Manchukuo
Result
Victory
Karafuto Prefecture annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian SFSR
The Kuril Islands annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Russian SFSR
The liberation of Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, and northern Korea, and the collapse of the Japanese puppet states therein
The partition of the Korean Peninsula; the Soviet Union occupies North Korea
Manchuria and Inner Mongolia returned to China
1946–1954
1946–1954
Date
1946–1954
Conflict
First Indochina War
Combatant 1
France
State of Vietnam
Kingdom of Laos
Cambodia
Combatant 2
Viet Minh
Khmer Issarak
Pathet Lao
Japan Japanese holdout
Supported by: Soviet Union China
Result
Victory
Withdrawal of French forces from Indochina
Democratic Republic of Vietnam independence recognized
State of Vietnam, Kingdom of Laos and Kingdom of Cambodia achieve independence
Vietnam was partitioned between North (controlled by the Việt Minh) and South (controlled by the State of Vietnam)
1950–1953
1950–1953
Date
1950–1953
Conflict
Korean War
Combatant 1
North Korea
China
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
United Nations
South Korea
United States
United Kingdom
Australia
Belgium
Canada
France
Philippines
Colombia
Ethiopia
Greece
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
South Africa
Thailand
Turkey
Result
Ceasefire
Establishment of the Korean DMZ
Minor territorial changes
1955–1975
1955–1975
Date
1955–1975
Conflict
Vietnam War
Combatant 1
North Vietnam
Viet Cong and PRG
Pathet Lao
GRUNK (1970–1975)
Khmer Rouge
China
Soviet Union
North Korea
Combatant 2
South Vietnam
United States
South Korea
Australia
New Zealand
Laos
Cambodia (1967–1970)
Khmer Republic (1970–1975)
Thailand
Philippines
Result
Victory
Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina
North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam
Dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam
South Vietnam annexed by North Vietnam
Soviet-aligned communist governments take power in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
1961
1961
Date
1961
Conflict
Vlora incident[citation needed]
Combatant 1
Soviet Union Warsaw Pact: Bulgaria Czechoslovakia East Germany Hungary Poland
Combatant 2
Albania
Result
Soviet-Warsaw Pact defeat
Withdrawal of Soviet Naval Infantry and technicians
Warsaw Pact capture of Pasha Liman Base failed
1968
1968
Date
1968
Conflict
Invasion of Czechoslovakia[citation needed]
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Bulgaria
East Germany
Hungary
Poland
Combatant 2
Czechoslovakia
Result
Victory
The Prague Spring is suppressed
Moscow Protocol
Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia until 1991
1969
1969
Date
1969
Conflict
Sino-Soviet border conflict
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
China
Result
Victory (status quo ante bellum)
Tactical Soviet victory
Strategic Soviet victory: ceasefire agreement signed
1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement
1967–1970
1967–1970
Date
1967–1970
Conflict
War of Attrition
Combatant 1
Egypt Soviet Union Kuwait
PLO Jordan
Syria Cuba
Combatant 2
Israel
Result
Inconclusive
1975–1991
1975–1991
Date
1975–1991
Conflict
Angolan Civil War
Combatant 1
MPLA
Cuba
Brazil
Soviet Union
SWAPO
MK
Combatant 2
South Africa
UNITA
FNLA
FLEC
Result
Victory
Three Powers Accord
Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola
Independence of Namibia
1977–1978
1977–1978
Date
1977–1978
Conflict
Ethio-Somali War
Combatant 1
Ethiopia
Cuba
South Yemen
Soviet Union
Combatant 2
Somalia
WSLF
Result
Victory
Somalia breaks all ties with the Soviet Bloc
1979–1989
1979–1989
Date
1979–1989
Conflict
Soviet–Afghan War
Combatant 1
Soviet Union
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
Combatant 2
Afghan Mujahideen
Result
Defeat
Failure to suppress the Afghan mujahideen insurgency
Geneva Accords of 1988
Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan
Beginning of the Afghan Civil War
Victory The uprising is suppressed Consolidation of Soviet rule in the Georgian SSR
1925–1926
Urtatagai conflict
Soviet Union
Emirate of Afghanistan
Defeat Peace Treaty Urtatagui is seized back to Afghanistan Afghanistan agreement to restrain Basmachi border raids
1929
Sino-Soviet conflict
Soviet Union
China
Victory The provisions of the 1924 agreement are upheld
1929
Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929) Part of the Afghan Civil War (1928–1929)
Soviet Union Kingdom of Afghanistan
Emirate of Afghanistan Saqqawists Basmachi
Defeat The Soviet Union failed to change the situation in the country Red Army withdrawal from Afghanistan back to the USSR Civil war in Afghanistan continues
1930
Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1930)
Soviet Union
Basmachi
Victory
1932
Chechen uprising of 1932 [ru][citation needed]
Soviet Union
Chechen rebels
Victory The uprising is suppressed
1932–1941
Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
Soviet Union Mongolia
Japan Manchukuo
Victory Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
1934
Soviet invasion of Xinjiang
Soviet Union Xinjiang clique White MovementTorgut Mongols
China
Stalemate Xinjiang divided in two
1936–1939
Spanish Civil War
Spain
Spain People's Army Popular Front UGT CNT-FAI Generalitat de Catalunya Euzko Gudarostea Supported by: Soviet Union Mexico Volunteers International Brigades
Nationalist faction FET y de las JONS FE de las JONS Requetés/CT CEDA Renovación Española Army of Africa Supported by: Italy Germany Portugal
Defeat Nationalist faction victory Fall of the Second Spanish Republic Beginning of Franco's regime
1937
Islamic Rebellion in Xinjiang[citation needed]
Xinjiang Soviet Union White Movement
China
Victory Rebellion is suppressed Establishment of the rule of Sheng Shicai's Soviet puppet regime over the whole territory of Xinjiang province
1939
Soviet invasion of Poland (Part of World War II)
Germany Soviet Union Slovakia
Poland
Victory Occupation of Polish territory by Nazi Germany, Soviet Union and Slovakia Annexation of Soviet-occupied territory into the Belarussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR (except for part of the Vilnius Region)
1939–1940
Winter War (Part of World War II)
Soviet Union
Finland
Inconclusive Soviet invasion of Finland repelled and the planned conquest of Finland fails Moscow Peace Treaty Cession of the Gulf of Finland islands, Karelian Isthmus, Ladoga Karelia, Salla, and Rybachy Peninsula, and lease of Hanko to the Soviet Union Expulsion of the Soviet Union from the League of Nations
1940
Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states (Part of World War II)
Soviet Union
Estonia Latvia Lithuania
Victory Occupation and annexation of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union
1940
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina (part of World War II)
Soviet Union
Romania
Victory Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region annexed into the Soviet Union; formation of the Moldavian SSR
1941–1945
World War II
Allied Powers: Soviet Union United States United Kingdom China France Poland Canada Australia New Zealand India South Africa Yugoslavia Greece Denmark Norway Netherlands Belgium Luxembourg Czechoslovakia Brazil Mexico
Axis Powers: Germany Japan Italy Hungary Romania Bulgaria Slovakia Croatia Thailand Manchukuo Mengjiang Wang Jingwei regime
Victory Debellation of the Third Reich Fall of Japanese and Italian Empires Creation of the United Nations Emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as rival superpowers Beginning of the Cold War
1944–1960s
Anti-communist insurgencies in Central and Eastern Europe[citation needed] Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1953) Guerrilla war in Ukraine (Part of World War II from 1944 to 1945) Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Uprising of 1953 in East Germany
Soviet Union East Germany Polish People's Republic Czechoslovak Socialist Republic Hungarian People's Republic Socialist Republic of Romania People's Republic of Bulgaria Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Ukrainian insurgents Polish insurgents Estonian insurgents Latvian insurgents Lithuanian insurgents Bulgarian insurgents Serbian insurgents Croatian insurgents Romanian insurgents German insurgents Hungarian insurgents
Victory The insurgencies are suppressed Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe preserved
1945
Soviet–Japanese War (Part of World War II)
Soviet Union Mongolia
Japan Manchukuo
Victory Karafuto Prefecture annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Sakhalin Oblast of the Russian SFSR The Kuril Islands annexed into the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Russian SFSR The liberation of Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, and northern Korea, and the collapse of the Japanese puppet states therein The partition of the Korean Peninsula; the Soviet Union occupies North Korea Manchuria and Inner Mongolia returned to China
1946–1954
First Indochina War
France State of Vietnam Kingdom of Laos Cambodia
Viet Minh Khmer Issarak Pathet Lao Japan Japanese holdout Supported by: Soviet Union China
Victory Withdrawal of French forces from Indochina Democratic Republic of Vietnam independence recognized State of Vietnam, Kingdom of Laos and Kingdom of Cambodia achieve independence Vietnam was partitioned between North (controlled by the Việt Minh) and South (controlled by the State of Vietnam)
1950–1953
Korean War
North Korea China Soviet Union
United Nations South Korea United States United Kingdom Australia Belgium Canada France Philippines Colombia Ethiopia Greece Luxembourg Netherlands New Zealand South Africa Thailand Turkey
Ceasefire Establishment of the Korean DMZ Minor territorial changes
1955–1975
Vietnam War
North Vietnam Viet Cong and PRG Pathet Lao GRUNK (1970–1975) Khmer Rouge China Soviet Union North Korea
South Vietnam United States South Korea Australia New Zealand Laos Cambodia (1967–1970) Khmer Republic (1970–1975) Thailand Philippines
Victory Withdrawal of American forces from Indochina North Vietnamese victory over South Vietnam Dissolution of the Republic of Vietnam South Vietnam annexed by North Vietnam Soviet-aligned communist governments take power in South Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia
1961
Vlora incident[citation needed]
Soviet Union Warsaw Pact: Bulgaria Czechoslovakia East Germany Hungary Poland
Albania
Soviet-Warsaw Pact defeat Withdrawal of Soviet Naval Infantry and technicians Warsaw Pact capture of Pasha Liman Base failed
1968
Invasion of Czechoslovakia[citation needed]
Soviet Union Bulgaria East Germany Hungary Poland
Czechoslovakia
Victory The Prague Spring is suppressed Moscow Protocol Soviet military presence in Czechoslovakia until 1991
1969
Sino-Soviet border conflict
Soviet Union
China
Victory (status quo ante bellum) Tactical Soviet victory Strategic Soviet victory: ceasefire agreement signed 1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement
1967–1970
War of Attrition
Egypt Soviet Union Kuwait PLO Jordan Syria Cuba
Israel
Inconclusive
1975–1991
Angolan Civil War
MPLA Cuba Brazil Soviet Union SWAPO MK
South Africa UNITA FNLA FLEC
Victory Three Powers Accord Withdrawal of all foreign forces from Angola Independence of Namibia
1977–1978
Ethio-Somali War
Ethiopia Cuba South Yemen Soviet Union
Somalia WSLF
Victory Somalia breaks all ties with the Soviet Bloc
1979–1989
Soviet–Afghan War
Soviet Union Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
Afghan Mujahideen
Defeat Failure to suppress the Afghan mujahideen insurgency Geneva Accords of 1988 Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan Beginning of the Afghan Civil War
· Russian Federation (1991–present)
Multi-metric bars
World heat map
1991–1993
1991–1993
Date
1991–1993
Conflict
Georgian Civil War
Location
Georgia (mainly in Tbilisi and Western Georgia)
Russia and its allies
mw- Pro-Shevardnadze forces 22 December 1991 – 6 January 1992 Rebel factions of the National Guard MkhedrioniTetri ArtsiviMerab Kostava SocietyUnion of Afghans 2 January 1992 – 10 March 1992 Military Council Interim Government 10 March 1992 – October 1992 State Council Interim Government October 1992 – 31 December 1993 Government of Georgia Georgian Armed Forces Internal Troops of Georgia National Guard of Georgia Supported by: Russia
Opponent(s)
Pro-Gamsakhurdia forces
22 December 1991 – 6 January 1992
Government of Georgia
National Guard of Georgia
6 January 1992 – March 1992
National Disobedience Committee
March 1992 – September 1993
Gamsakhurdia's government-in-exile
Partisans
Units of the National Guard
2 September 1993 – 6 November 1993
Zugdidi-based government
6 November 1993 – 31 December 1993
Partisans
Supported by:
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Result for Russia
Pro-Shevardnadzist victory
Exile and death of the first President of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia
Georgia joins the Commonwealth of Independent States
1991–1992
1991–1992
Date
1991–1992
Conflict
South Ossetian War
Location
Tskhinvali Region, Georgia
Russia and its allies
South Ossetia Russia (1992)
Opponent(s)
Georgia
Result for Russia
South Ossetian victory, see aftermath
Division of South Ossetia into zones controlled by Georgians and Ossetians
1992–1993
1992–1993
Date
1992–1993
Conflict
War in Abkhazia
Location
Abkhazia, Western Georgia
Russia and its allies
Abkhazia Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus
Supported by: Russia
Opponent(s)
Georgia
Result for Russia
Russian and abkhaz victory
Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia
Abkhazia becomes a de-facto independent republic
1990–1992
1990–1992
Date
1990–1992
Conflict
Transnistria War
Location
Transnistria, Moldova
Russia and its allies
Transnistria
Russia
Supported by:
Ukraine
Opponent(s)
/ MoldovaSupported by: Romania
Result for Russia
Russian–Transnistrian victory
Transnistria is a de facto independent state, but remains internationally recognized as part of Moldova
1992–1997
1992–1997
Date
1992–1997
Conflict
Tajikistani Civil War
Location
Tajikistan
Russia and its allies
/ Tajikistan
Popular Front of Tajikistan
Communist Party of Tajikistan
Socialist Party of Tajikistan
/ Russia
Uzbekistan
/ Kazakhstan
/ Kyrgyzstan
Supported by:
Belarus (weapons supplies)
UNMOT
Austria
Bangladesh
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Denmark
Ghana
Hungary
Indonesia
Jordan
Nepal
Nigeria
Poland
Switzerland
Ukraine
Uruguay
Opponent(s)
United Tajik Opposition
Islamic Renaissance Party
Tajik Democratic Party
Party of People's Unity
Rastokhez Popular Movement
Lali Badakhshan
Afghanistan (until 1996)
Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996)Supported by
Al-Qaeda
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
Taliban
Iran (alleged, denied by Iran)
Result for Russia
Armistice
1994–1996
1994–1996
Date
1994–1996
Conflict
First Chechen War
Location
Chechnya and parts of Ingushetia, Stavropol Krai and Dagestan
Russia and its allies
Russia
Loyalist opposition
Opponent(s)
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Chechen Mujahideen
Result for Russia
Defeat
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria becomes an independent state
1999
1999
Date
1999
Conflict
War of Dagestan
Location
Dagestan, Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Armed Forces
Army
Navy
Air Force
VDV
Spetsnaz GRU
FSB
MVD
Militsiya
Internal Troops
OMON
Dagestan
Dagestani police and local militia
Opponent(s)
Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan
CPID
Chechnya
IIPB
SPIR
Religious Police
Result for Russia
Russian victory
1999–2009
1999–2009
Date
1999–2009
Conflict
Second Chechen War
Location
North Caucasus, mainly Chechnya, Dagestan and IngushetiaSpillovers in Georgia, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, and Karachay-CherkessiaSuicide attacks in Russia
Russia and its allies
Russia
Provisional Council (until 2000)
Chechen Republic (from 2000)
Opponent(s)
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1999–2007)
Caucasian Front (2005–2007)
Caucasus Emirate (2007–2009)
North Caucasian volunteers
Mujahideen
Grey Wolves
Result for Russia
Russian victory
Fall and exile of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Establishment of the Chechen Republic
Beginning of the insurgency in the North Caucasus
Chechnya reincorporated into Russia
2008
2008
Date
2008
Conflict
Russo-Georgian War
Location
Georgia
Russia and its allies
Russia
South Ossetia
Abkhazia
Opponent(s)
Georgia
Result for Russia
Russian, South Ossetian and Abkhaz victory
Ethnic cleansing of Georgians from South Ossetia and the Kodori Gorge in Abkhazia
Recognition of South Ossetia and Abkhazia by Russia
Russian military bases established in Abkhazia and South Ossetia
Severance of Georgia–Russia relations
Georgia loses control of Kodori Valley in Abkhazia, as well as Akhalgori Municipality and parts of the Tskhinvali District in South Ossetia.
2014–present
2014–present
Date
2014–present
Conflict
Russo-Ukrainian War
Location
Ukraine, Russia, and Black Sea (spillover into Romania, Poland, Moldova, and Belarus)
Russia and its allies
Russia
Donetsk PR
Luhansk PR
North Korea
Belarus
Supplied by: For details, see Russian military suppliers
Opponent(s)
UkraineSupplied by:For details, see military aid to Ukraine
Result for Russia
Ongoing
Russian annexation of Crimea and parts of four southeast Ukrainian oblasts in 2014 and 2022, respectively
Russian occupation of more than 18% of Ukrainian territory as of March 2024[needs update]
Ukrainian occupation of parts of Russia's Kursk Oblast since 2024
2015–2024
2015–2024
Date
2015–2024
Conflict
Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War
Location
Syria
Russia and its allies
Russia Iran Syrian Arab RepublicHumanitarian support: Armenia Syrian Democratic Forces (2016–2017)
Opponent(s)
Syrian opposition
Syrian Salvation Government
Tahrir al-Sham (2017–2025)
Syrian Interim Government
Free Syrian Army
Syrian National Army
Supported by:
Turkey
Qatar
Ukraine
United States(2015–2017)
Syrian Democratic Forces (2017–present)
Islamic State
Al-Qaeda
Al-Nusra Front (2013–2016)
Jabhat Fath al-Sham (2016–2017)
Jund al-Aqsa (2017–2018)
Guardians of Religion (2018–2025)
Result for Russia
Syrian opposition victory
Russian forces fail to prevent the fall of the Assad regime
Russian forces begin withdrawal after the 2024 opposition offensives
Continued Russian presence at Khmeimim Air Base
Islamic State loses all territory in Syria
2018–present
2018–present
Date
2018–present
Conflict
Central African Republic Civil War
Location
Central African Republic(with possible spillover into East Region, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and South Sudan)
Russia and its allies
Central African Republic
Central African Armed Forces
MINUSCA
EUTM-RCA Rwanda (since 2020)
Russia (since 2018)
Wagner Group
Russian Imperial Movement
Black Russians
Azande Ani Kpi Gbe
Formerly: France (2013–2021)
Opponent(s)
Coalition of Patriots for Change (since 2020)
Anti-balaka
FPRC
MPC elements
MPC PRNC CMSPR (since 2024)
Support:
Chad (alleged)
RSF
Defunct groups: RJ (until 2018) MNLC (until–2019) MLCJ (until 2022) RPRC (until 2022)
UPC (until 2025) 3R (until 2025)
Result for Russia
Ongoing
Fighting between Ex-Séléka factions FPRC and UPC.
Ex-president Bozizé merges all rebel groups and forms the Coalition of Patriots for Change.
Elections in 2021 with Touadéra being re-elected as president.
As of July 2021 the government controls more territory than at any point since the war began.
2021–present
2021–present
Date
2021–present
Conflict
Mali War
Location
Mali
Russia and its allies
Russia Mali
Opponent(s)
Al-Qaeda Islamic State
Result for Russia
Ongoing
2024–present
2024–present
Date
2024–present
Conflict
Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso
Location
Burkina Faso
Russia and its allies
Burkina Faso
Armed Forces
Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland
Koglweogos (civilian militias)
Russia (since 2024)
Wagner Group
Supported by:
Mali
United States
Opponent(s)
Al-Qaeda
JNIM
Ansar ul Islam
Islamic State
Sahel Province
Result for Russia
Ongoing
Around 40% of the country controlled by Jihadist forces
Ranked list
Date
Conflict
Location
Russia and its allies
Opponent(s)
Result for Russia
1991–1993
Georgian Civil War
Georgia (mainly in Tbilisi and Western Georgia)
mw- Pro-Shevardnadze forces 22 December 1991 – 6 January 1992 Rebel factions of the National Guard MkhedrioniTetri ArtsiviMerab Kostava SocietyUnion of Afghans 2 January 1992 – 10 March 1992 Military Council Interim Government 10 March 1992 – October 1992 State Council Interim Government October 1992 – 31 December 1993 Government of Georgia Georgian Armed Forces Internal Troops of Georgia National Guard of Georgia Supported by: Russia
Pro-Gamsakhurdia forces 22 December 1991 – 6 January 1992 Government of Georgia National Guard of Georgia 6 January 1992 – March 1992 National Disobedience Committee March 1992 – September 1993 Gamsakhurdia's government-in-exile Partisans Units of the National Guard 2 September 1993 – 6 November 1993 Zugdidi-based government 6 November 1993 – 31 December 1993 Partisans Supported by: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Pro-Shevardnadzist victory Exile and death of the first President of Georgia, Zviad Gamsakhurdia Georgia joins the Commonwealth of Independent States
1991–1992
South Ossetian War
Tskhinvali Region, Georgia
South Ossetia Russia (1992)
Georgia
South Ossetian victory, see aftermath Division of South Ossetia into zones controlled by Georgians and Ossetians
1992–1993
War in Abkhazia
Abkhazia, Western Georgia
Abkhazia Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus Supported by: Russia
Georgia
Russian and abkhaz victory Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia Abkhazia becomes a de-facto independent republic
1990–1992
Transnistria War
Transnistria, Moldova
Transnistria Russia Supported by: Ukraine
/ MoldovaSupported by: Romania
Russian–Transnistrian victory Transnistria is a de facto independent state, but remains internationally recognized as part of Moldova
1992–1997
Tajikistani Civil War
Tajikistan
/ Tajikistan Popular Front of Tajikistan Communist Party of Tajikistan Socialist Party of Tajikistan / Russia Uzbekistan / Kazakhstan / Kyrgyzstan Supported by: Belarus (weapons supplies) UNMOT Austria Bangladesh Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Ghana Hungary Indonesia Jordan Nepal Nigeria Poland Switzerland Ukraine Uruguay
United Tajik Opposition Islamic Renaissance Party Tajik Democratic Party Party of People's Unity Rastokhez Popular Movement Lali Badakhshan Afghanistan (until 1996) Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996)Supported by Al-Qaeda Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Taliban Iran (alleged, denied by Iran)
Armistice
1994–1996
First Chechen War
Chechnya and parts of Ingushetia, Stavropol Krai and Dagestan
Russia Loyalist opposition
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Chechen Mujahideen
Defeat Chechen Republic of Ichkeria becomes an independent state
1999
War of Dagestan
Dagestan, Russia
Russia Armed Forces Army Navy Air Force VDV Spetsnaz GRU FSB MVD Militsiya Internal Troops OMON Dagestan Dagestani police and local militia
Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan CPID Chechnya IIPB SPIR Religious Police
Russian victory
1999–2009
Second Chechen War
North Caucasus, mainly Chechnya, Dagestan and IngushetiaSpillovers in Georgia, North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, and Karachay-CherkessiaSuicide attacks in Russia
Russia Provisional Council (until 2000) Chechen Republic (from 2000)
Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1999–2007) Caucasian Front (2005–2007) Caucasus Emirate (2007–2009) North Caucasian volunteers Mujahideen Grey Wolves
Russian victory Fall and exile of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Establishment of the Chechen Republic Beginning of the insurgency in the North Caucasus Chechnya reincorporated into Russia
2008
Russo-Georgian War
Georgia
Russia South Ossetia Abkhazia
Georgia
Russian, South Ossetian and Abkhaz victory Ethnic cleansing of Georgians from South Ossetia and the Kodori Gorge in Abkhazia Recognition of South Ossetia and Abkhazia by Russia Russian military bases established in Abkhazia and South Ossetia Severance of Georgia–Russia relations Georgia loses control of Kodori Valley in Abkhazia, as well as Akhalgori Municipality and parts of the Tskhinvali District in South Ossetia.
2014–present
Russo-Ukrainian War
Ukraine, Russia, and Black Sea (spillover into Romania, Poland, Moldova, and Belarus)
Russia Donetsk PR Luhansk PR North Korea Belarus Supplied by: For details, see Russian military suppliers
UkraineSupplied by:For details, see military aid to Ukraine
Ongoing Russian annexation of Crimea and parts of four southeast Ukrainian oblasts in 2014 and 2022, respectively Russian occupation of more than 18% of Ukrainian territory as of March 2024[needs update] Ukrainian occupation of parts of Russia's Kursk Oblast since 2024
2015–2024
Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War
Syria
Russia Iran Syrian Arab RepublicHumanitarian support: Armenia Syrian Democratic Forces (2016–2017)
Syrian opposition Syrian Salvation Government Tahrir al-Sham (2017–2025) Syrian Interim Government Free Syrian Army Syrian National Army Supported by: Turkey Qatar Ukraine United States(2015–2017) Syrian Democratic Forces (2017–present) Islamic State Al-Qaeda Al-Nusra Front (2013–2016) Jabhat Fath al-Sham (2016–2017) Jund al-Aqsa (2017–2018) Guardians of Religion (2018–2025)
Syrian opposition victory Russian forces fail to prevent the fall of the Assad regime Russian forces begin withdrawal after the 2024 opposition offensives Continued Russian presence at Khmeimim Air Base Islamic State loses all territory in Syria
2018–present
Central African Republic Civil War
Central African Republic(with possible spillover into East Region, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and South Sudan)
Central African Republic Central African Armed Forces MINUSCA EUTM-RCA Rwanda (since 2020) Russia (since 2018) Wagner Group Russian Imperial Movement Black Russians Azande Ani Kpi Gbe Formerly: France (2013–2021)
Coalition of Patriots for Change (since 2020) Anti-balaka FPRC MPC elements MPC PRNC CMSPR (since 2024) Support: Chad (alleged) RSF Defunct groups: RJ (until 2018) MNLC (until–2019) MLCJ (until 2022) RPRC (until 2022) UPC (until 2025) 3R (until 2025)
Ongoing Fighting between Ex-Séléka factions FPRC and UPC. Ex-president Bozizé merges all rebel groups and forms the Coalition of Patriots for Change. Elections in 2021 with Touadéra being re-elected as president. As of July 2021 the government controls more territory than at any point since the war began.
2021–present
Mali War
Mali
Russia Mali
Al-Qaeda Islamic State
Ongoing
2024–present
Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso
Burkina Faso Armed Forces Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland Koglweogos (civilian militias) Russia (since 2024) Wagner Group Supported by: Mali United States
Al-Qaeda JNIM Ansar ul Islam Islamic State Sahel Province
Ongoing Around 40% of the country controlled by Jihadist forces
References
The veracity of this conflict is in doubt.
The title 'Grand Prince of Vladimir' was mostly titular by the early 14th century.
1917–1918
1918–1920
1918
1919
1918–19
The only party under Francisco Franco from 1937 onward, a merger of the other factions on the Nationalist side.
1936–1937, then merged into FET y de las JONS
Ceasefire agreement was signed on 1 December 1993, although fighting continued during 1994.
See Russia's role in the conflict section for more details
Soviet Socialist Republic of Moldova until 23 May 1991. Constituent republic of the Soviet Union until 27 August 1991.
South Ossetia's status is disputed. It considers itself to be an independent state, but this is recognised by only a f
The political status of Abkhazia is disputed. Having unilaterally declared independence from Georgia in 1992, Abkhazia i
The Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic were Russian puppet states that declared their independe
In 2022, Belarus allowed Russia to use its territory to launch the invasion and to launch missiles into Ukraine. .mw- Se
Despite Mahamat al-Khatim's November 2023 announcement to leave CPC, some members of the group chose to stay in the coal
Janet Martin (2004). Treasure of the Land of Darkness: The Fur Trade and Its Significance for Medieval Russia. Cambridge
Vilhelm Ludvig Peter Thomsen (2010). The Relations Between Ancient Russia and Scandinavia, and the Origin of the Russian
Saqqawists had fought only in northern Afghanistan.
"'Shqiptarët tentuan t'i merrnin të 12 nëndetëset!' – Zbardhet dokumenti sekret i arkivave sovjetike: Si dështoi plani që baza t'i kalonte Traktatit të Varshavës"
Letter dated 18 May 2023 from the Panel of Experts on the Central African Republic extended pursuant to Security Council resolution 2648 (2022) addressed to the President of the Security Council
Letter dated 27 January 2021 from the Panel of Experts on the Central African Republic extended pursuant to resolution 2536 (2020) addressed to the President of the Security Council
"Letter dated 13 June 2025 from the Panel of Experts pursuant to Security Council resolution 2745 (2024) addressed to the President of the Security Council"
