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List of wars by death toll

Updated: Wikipedia source

List of wars by death toll

This list of wars by death toll includes all deaths directly or indirectly caused by the deadliest wars in history. These numbers encompass the deaths of military personnel resulting directly from battles or other wartime actions, as well as wartime or war-related civilian deaths, often caused by war-induced epidemics, famines, or genocides. Due to incomplete records, the destruction of evidence, differing counting methods, and various other factors, the death tolls of wars are often uncertain and highly debated. For this reason, the death tolls in this article typically provide a range of estimates. Compiling such a list is further complicated by the challenge of defining a war. Not every violent conflict constitutes a war; for instance, mass killings and genocides occurring outside of wartime are excluded, as they are not necessarily wars in themselves. This list broadly defines war as an extended conflict between two or more armed political groups. Consequently, it excludes mass death events such as human sacrifices, ethnic cleansing operations, and acts of state terrorism or political repression during peacetime or in contexts unrelated to war.

Tables

· List
World War II
World War II
War
World War II
Deathrange
70–85 million
Date
1939–1945
Combatants
Allied Powers vs. Axis Powers
Location
Global
% of global population (rough estimates)
3.04%–3.69%
Mongol invasions and conquests
Mongol invasions and conquests
War
Mongol invasions and conquests
Deathrange
20–60 million
Date
1206–1368
Combatants
Mongol Empire vs. various states in Eurasia
Location
Asia and Europe
% of global population (rough estimates)
5.55%–13.54%
Three Kingdoms
Three Kingdoms
War
Three Kingdoms
Deathrange
34 million
Date
220–280
Combatants
Multiple sides but predominantly Cao Wei vs Shu Han vs Eastern Wu
Location
China
% of global population (rough estimates)
13.28%–17.89%
World War I
World War I
War
World War I
Deathrange
15–22 million
Date
1914–1918
Combatants
Allied Powers vs. Central Powers
Location
Global
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.85%–1.25%
Conquests of Timur
Conquests of Timur
War
Conquests of Timur
Deathrange
7–17 million
Date
1369–1405
Combatants
Timurid Empire vs. various states in Asia
Location
Central Asia, West Asia, and South Asia
% of global population (rough estimates)
1.94%–5.55%
Spanish conquest of Mexico
Spanish conquest of Mexico
War
Spanish conquest of Mexico
Deathrange
10.5 million
Date
1519–1530
Combatants
Spanish Empire and allies vs. Aztec Empire and allies
Location
Mexico
% of global population (rough estimates)
2.33%
Russian Civil War
Russian Civil War
War
Russian Civil War
Deathrange
7–10 million
Date
1917–1922
Combatants
Multiple sides: Bolsheviks, anti-Bolshevik left, White Movement, Allied and Central Intervention, as well as various separatists
Location
Russia
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.37%–0.53%
Chinese Civil War
Chinese Civil War
War
Chinese Civil War
Deathrange
4–9 million
Date
1927–1949
Combatants
Multiple sides, but predominantly Communists vs. Kuomintang
Location
China
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.19%–0.43%
Thirty Years' War
Thirty Years' War
War
Thirty Years' War
Deathrange
4.5–8 million
Date
1618–1648
Combatants
Anti-Imperial Alliance vs. Imperial Alliance
Location
Europe
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.77%–1.38%
Crusades
Crusades
War
Crusades
Deathrange
1–9 million
Date
1095–1291
Combatants
Originally Byzantine Empire vs. Seljuk Empire, but evolved into Christians vs. Muslims
Location
Europe and the Middle East
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.31%–2.8%
Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
War
Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
Deathrange
7.7 million
Date
1533–1572
Combatants
Spanish Empire vs. Inca Empire
Location
South America
% of global population (rough estimates)
1.71%
Reconquista
Reconquista
War
Reconquista
Deathrange
7 million
Date
718–1492
Combatants
Christian peninsular kingdoms vs. Islamic peninsular kingdoms
Location
Iberian Peninsula
% of global population (rough estimates)
1.94%
French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
War
French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
Deathrange
4–7 million
Date
1792–1815
Combatants
French Republic, later French Empire, vs. Coalition forces
Location
Europe
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.49%–0.86%
Conquests of Menelik II
Conquests of Menelik II
War
Conquests of Menelik II
Deathrange
5-6 million
Date
1878–1904
Combatants
Ethiopian Empire vs. Emirate of Harar, Kingdom of Kaffa, Kingdom of Wolaita, and allies
Location
Horn of Africa
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.39%
Mahdist War
Mahdist War
War
Mahdist War
Deathrange
4-6 million
Date
1881-1899
Combatants
Mahdist Sudan vs. United Kingdom and allies
Location
Sudan
Second Congo War
Second Congo War
War
Second Congo War
Deathrange
3–5.4 million
Date
1998–2003
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Democratic Republic of the Congo
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.05%–0.09%
Spanish conquest of New Granada
Spanish conquest of New Granada
War
Spanish conquest of New Granada
Deathrange
5.25 million
Date
1525–1540
Combatants
Spanish Empire vs. Muisca Confederation and other civilizations
Location
South America
% of global population (rough estimates)
1.17%
Deccan wars
Deccan wars
War
Deccan wars
Deathrange
4.6–5 million
Date
1680–1707
Combatants
Mughal Empire vs. Maratha Confederacy
Location
Indian subcontinent
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.75%–0.82%
Northern Wars
Northern Wars
War
Northern Wars
Deathrange
3.57–4.57 million
Date
1554–1721
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Eastern and Northern Europe
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.46%–1.02%
Vietnam War
Vietnam War
War
Vietnam War
Deathrange
1.3–4.2 million
Date
1955–1975
Combatants
North Vietnam and allies vs. South Vietnam and allies
Location
Indochina
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.027%–0.153%
Nigerian Civil War
Nigerian Civil War
War
Nigerian Civil War
Deathrange
3.04–4.1 million
Date
1967–1970
Combatants
Nigeria vs. Biafra
Location
Nigeria
French Wars of Religion
French Wars of Religion
War
French Wars of Religion
Deathrange
2–4 million
Date
1562–1598
Combatants
French catholics vs Huguenots
Location
France
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.40%–0.89%
Korean War
Korean War
War
Korean War
Deathrange
2.5–3.5 million
Date
1950–1953
Combatants
North Korea and allies vs. South Korea and allies
Location
Korean Peninsula
Soviet–Afghan War
Soviet–Afghan War
War
Soviet–Afghan War
Deathrange
1–3 million
Date
1979–1989
Combatants
Soviet Union and Democratic Republic of Afghanistan vs. Afghan mujahideen
Location
Afghanistan
Delhi Conquest of North India
Delhi Conquest of North India
War
Delhi Conquest of North India
Deathrange
0.5–3 million
Date
1300–1310
Combatants
Delhi Sultanate vs. North Indian States
Location
Indian subcontinent
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.14%–0.86%
Bangladesh Liberation War
Bangladesh Liberation War
War
Bangladesh Liberation War
Deathrange
0.3-3 million
Date
1971
Combatants
India and Provisional Government of Bangladesh vs. Pakistan
Location
Indian subcontinent
Mexican Revolution
Mexican Revolution
War
Mexican Revolution
Deathrange
1–2.7 million
Date
1910–1920
Combatants
Anti-government forces vs. Pro-government forces
Location
Mexico
Ethiopian Civil War and Eritrean War of Independence
Ethiopian Civil War and Eritrean War of Independence
War
Ethiopian Civil War and Eritrean War of Independence
Deathrange
1.75–2 million
Date
1961–1991
Combatants
EPRDF, later EPLF, vs. Derg and People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Location
Horn of Africa
Russo-Circassian War and Caucasian War
Russo-Circassian War and Caucasian War
War
Russo-Circassian War and Caucasian War
Deathrange
1.5–2 million
Date
1763–1864
Combatants
Circassian Confederation, Principality of Abkhazia, and Caucasian Imamate vs. Russian Empire
Location
Caucasus
Second Sudanese Civil War
Second Sudanese Civil War
War
Second Sudanese Civil War
Deathrange
1–2 million
Date
1983–2005
Combatants
Sudan vs. SSPDF
Location
Sudan
Akbar's Conquest of North India
Akbar's Conquest of North India
War
Akbar's Conquest of North India
Deathrange
1–2 million
Date
1556–1605
Combatants
Mughal Empire vs. North Indian States
Location
Indian subcontinent
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Indian Rebellion of 1857
War
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Deathrange
0.8–2 million
Date
1857–1858
Combatants
United Kingdom and allies vs. Indian rebels and allies
Location
Indian subcontinent
Balkan Wars
Balkan Wars
War
Balkan Wars
Deathrange
0.75–1.77 million
Date
1912–1913
Combatants
Ottoman Empire vs. Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro; later Bulgaria vs. Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and Romania
Location
Balkans
Algerian War
Algerian War
War
Algerian War
Deathrange
0.4–1.6 million
Date
1954–1962
Combatants
France vs. Separatists National Liberation Front, Algerian National Movement, and Algerian Communist Party
Location
North Africa
Seven Years' War
Seven Years' War
War
Seven Years' War
Deathrange
1–1.5 million
Date
1756–1763
Combatants
Great Britain, Hanover, Prussia, Portugal, and allies vs. France, Habsburg empire, Saxony, Spain, and allies
Location
Global
Warring States period and Qin's wars of unification
Warring States period and Qin's wars of unification
War
Warring States period and Qin's wars of unification
Deathrange
0.65–1.5 million
Date
475 BCE–221 BCE
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
China
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.35%–1.30%
French conquest of Algeria
French conquest of Algeria
War
French conquest of Algeria
Deathrange
0.98–1.48 million
Date
1830–1903
Combatants
France vs. Regency of Algiers, Emirate of Abdelkader, Kingdom of Beni Abbas, and allies
Location
North Africa
Gallic Wars
Gallic Wars
War
Gallic Wars
Deathrange
0.7–1.47 million
Date
58 BCE–50 BCE
Combatants
Roman Republic vs. Gauls and allies
Location
Gaul
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.37%–1.28%
Jewish–Roman wars
Jewish–Roman wars
War
Jewish–Roman wars
Deathrange
0.35–1.4 million
Date
66–135
Combatants
Roman Empire vs. Judean provisional government
Location
Fertile Crescent
% of global population (rough estimates)
0.17%–0.74%
War of the Spanish Succession
War of the Spanish Succession
War
War of the Spanish Succession
Deathrange
0.4–1.25 million
Date
1701–1714
Combatants
Habsburg Spain, Great Britain, Holy Roman Empire, and allies vs. Bourboun Spain, Kingdom of France, and allies
Location
Global
American Civil War
American Civil War
War
American Civil War
Deathrange
0.6–1 million
Date
1861–1865
Combatants
United States vs. Confederate States
Location
North America
Mozambican Civil War
Mozambican Civil War
War
Mozambican Civil War
Deathrange
0.5–1 million
Date
1977–1992
Combatants
People's Republic of Mozambique, later Republic of Mozambique, and allies vs. RENAMO and allies
Location
Mozambique
First Sudanese Civil War
First Sudanese Civil War
War
First Sudanese Civil War
Deathrange
0.5–1 million
Date
1955–1972
Combatants
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, later Democratic Republic of the Sudan, vs. Sudan Defence Force
Location
Sudan
Somali Civil War
Somali Civil War
War
Somali Civil War
Deathrange
0.35–1 million
Date
1981/1988/1991–present
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Horn of Africa
Burmese–Siamese wars
Burmese–Siamese wars
War
Burmese–Siamese wars
Deathrange
0.26–0.9 million
Date
1547–1855
Combatants
Thailand vs. Myanmar
Location
Southeast Asia
First Indochina War
First Indochina War
War
First Indochina War
Deathrange
0.4–0.84 million
Date
1946–1954
Combatants
Viet Minh, Pathet Lao, and Khmer Issarak vs. French Union
Location
Indochina
Angolan Civil War
Angolan Civil War
War
Angolan Civil War
Deathrange
0.8 million
Date
1975–2002
Combatants
People's Republic of Angola, later Republic of Angola, and allies vs. Democratic People's Republic of Angola and allies
Location
Angola
Burundian Civil War
Burundian Civil War
War
Burundian Civil War
Deathrange
0.55–0.8 million
Date
1993–2005
Combatants
Burundi vs. Ethnic Hutu vs. Tutsi Militants
Location
Rwanda and Burundi
Second Punic War
Second Punic War
War
Second Punic War
Deathrange
0.77 million
Date
218 BCE–201 BCE
Combatants
Roman Republic vs. Ancient Carthage
Location
Southern Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, and North Africa
War of Austrian Succession
War of Austrian Succession
War
War of Austrian Succession
Deathrange
0.75 million
Date
1740–1748
Combatants
France, Prussia, Spain, and allies vs. Habsburg monarchy, Great Britain, Dutch Republic, and allies
Location
Europe, Americas, and the Indian subcontinent
Third Punic War
Third Punic War
War
Third Punic War
Deathrange
0.75 million
Date
149 BCE–146 BCE
Combatants
Roman Republic vs. Ancient Carthage
Location
North Africa
Iran-Iraq War
Iran-Iraq War
War
Iran-Iraq War
Deathrange
0.45–0.7 million
Date
1980–1988
Combatants
Islamic Republic of Iran vs. Iraqi Republic
Location
Iran and Iraq
Nine Years' War
Nine Years' War
War
Nine Years' War
Deathrange
0.68 million
Date
1688–1697
Combatants
Kingdom of France vs. Grand Alliance
Location
Europe
Crimean War
Crimean War
War
Crimean War
Deathrange
0.61–0.67 million
Date
1853–1856
Combatants
Russian Empire vs. Ottoman Empire, France, and United Kingdom
Location
Crimea, Black Sea, Caucasus, and the Balkans
Syrian civil war
Syrian civil war
War
Syrian civil war
Deathrange
0.58–0.61 million
Date
2011–2024
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Levant
Mexican War of Independence
Mexican War of Independence
War
Mexican War of Independence
Deathrange
0.6 million
Date
1810–1821
Combatants
Mexican patriots vs. Spanish Empire
Location
North and Central America
Bahmani–Vijayanagar Wars
Bahmani–Vijayanagar Wars
War
Bahmani–Vijayanagar Wars
Deathrange
0.6 million
Date
1362–1443
Combatants
Vijayanagara Empire and Musunuri Nayakas vs. Bahmani Sultanate
Location
Indian subcontinent
Turkish War of Independence
Turkish War of Independence
War
Turkish War of Independence
Deathrange
0.4–0.6 million
Date
1919–1923
Combatants
Turkey vs. Greece, France, United Kingdom, and Armenia
Location
Anatolia
Tigray War
Tigray War
War
Tigray War
Deathrange
0.16–0.6 million
Date
2020–2022
Combatants
Ethiopia and Eritrea vs. Tigray People's Liberation Front and allies
Location
Horn of Africa
Roman-Germanic wars
Roman-Germanic wars
War
Roman-Germanic wars
Deathrange
0.54 million
Date
113 BCE–774
Combatants
Roman Republic, later Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire, vs. Germanic tribes
Location
Germania
First Punic War
First Punic War
War
First Punic War
Deathrange
0.4–0.54 million
Date
264 BCE–241 BCE
Combatants
Roman Republic vs. Ancient Carthage
Location
Southern Europe, the Mediterranean Sea, and North Africa
Paraguayan War
Paraguayan War
War
Paraguayan War
Deathrange
0.15–0.5 million
Date
1864–1870
Combatants
Empire of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay vs. Paraguay
Location
South America
Uganda-Tanzania War and Ugandan Bush War
Uganda-Tanzania War and Ugandan Bush War
War
Uganda-Tanzania War and Ugandan Bush War
Deathrange
0.1–0.5 million
Date
1978–1986
Combatants
Uganda vs. Tanzania, National Liberation Front, and National Resistance Movement
Location
Uganda and Tanzania
Papua conflict
Papua conflict
War
Papua conflict
Deathrange
0.1–0.5 million
Date
1962–present
Combatants
Indonesia vs. Free Papua Movement
Location
New Guinea
Eighty Years' War
Eighty Years' War
War
Eighty Years' War
Deathrange
0.1–0.5 million
Date
1566–1648
Combatants
Spanish Empire vs. Separatist Dutch Republic
Location
Low Countries
Russo-Ukrainian War
Russo-Ukrainian War
War
Russo-Ukrainian War
Deathrange
0.35–0.48 million
Date
2014–present
Combatants
Union of People's Republics, later Russia and North Korea vs. Ukraine
Location
Eastern Europe and the Black Sea
Spanish Civil War
Spanish Civil War
War
Spanish Civil War
Deathrange
0.35–0.47 million
Date
1936–1939
Combatants
Nationalists vs. Republicans
Location
Iberian Peninsula
Colombian conflict
Colombian conflict
War
Colombian conflict
Deathrange
0.45 million
Date
1964–present
Combatants
Colombia vs. Colombian and Mexican drug cartels, FARC, ELN, and other paramilitary groups
Location
South America
Franco-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War
War
Franco-Prussian War
Deathrange
0.43 million
Date
1870–1871
Combatants
Second French Empire, later Third French Republic vs. North German Confederation
Location
Central Europe
Polish–Ottoman Wars
Polish–Ottoman Wars
War
Polish–Ottoman Wars
Deathrange
0.43 million
Date
1485–1699
Combatants
Poland-Lithuania, Holy League, and allies vs. Ottoman Empire and allies
Location
Central Europe and Balkans
Roman–Greek wars
Roman–Greek wars
War
Roman–Greek wars
Deathrange
0.42 million
Date
280 BCE–30 BCE
Combatants
Roman Republic vs. Greek states, later Greek rebels, and Ptolemaic Kingdom
Location
Peloponnese Peninsula, Balkans, Anatolia, Egypt, and Italian Peninsula
Maratha invasions of Bengal
Maratha invasions of Bengal
War
Maratha invasions of Bengal
Deathrange
0.4 million
Date
1741–1751
Combatants
Maratha Confederacy vs. Bengal Nawab
Location
Indian subcontinent
Colombian War of Independence
Colombian War of Independence
War
Colombian War of Independence
Deathrange
0.4 million
Date
1810–1825
Combatants
Colombian patriots vs. Spanish Empire
Location
South America
Third Indochina War
Third Indochina War
War
Third Indochina War
Deathrange
0.4 million
Date
1975–1991
Combatants
Democratic Kampuchea, China, and Thailand vs. Vietnam, Laos, and People's Republic of Kampuchea vs. Communist Party of Thailand
Location
Indochina
War in Darfur
War in Darfur
War
War in Darfur
Deathrange
0.4 million
Date
2003–2020
Combatants
Sudan vs. SRF and SLM/A
Location
Sudan
Mexican war on drugs
Mexican war on drugs
War
Mexican war on drugs
Deathrange
0.35–0.4 million
Date
2006–present
Combatants
Mexico vs drug cartels
Location
Mexico
Cuban Wars of Independence and Spanish–American War
Cuban Wars of Independence and Spanish–American War
War
Cuban Wars of Independence and Spanish–American War
Deathrange
0.39 million
Date
1868–1898
Combatants
United States, Cuban Revolutionaries, and Philippine Revolutionaries vs. Spanish Empire
Location
Caribbean and the Philippines
South Sudanese Civil War
South Sudanese Civil War
War
South Sudanese Civil War
Deathrange
0.38 million
Date
2013–2020
Combatants
South Sudan vs. SPLM-IO, Nuer White Army, and SSDM
Location
South Sudan
Yemeni civil war
Yemeni civil war
War
Yemeni civil war
Deathrange
0.37 million
Date
2014–present
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Yemen
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
War
War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Deathrange
0.36 million
Date
2001–2021
Combatants
Taliban and allies vs. United States-led coalition and the Afghan Government
Location
Afghanistan
Boko Haram insurgency
Boko Haram insurgency
War
Boko Haram insurgency
Deathrange
0.35 million
Date
2009–present
Combatants
Multinational Joint Task Force vs. Boko Haram
Location
Nigeria
Franco-Dutch War
Franco-Dutch War
War
Franco-Dutch War
Deathrange
0.34 million
Date
1672–1678
Combatants
Kingdom of France vs. Dutch Republic
Location
Western Europe
Ottoman–Venetian wars
Ottoman–Venetian wars
War
Ottoman–Venetian wars
Deathrange
0.34 million
Date
1415–1718
Combatants
Ottoman Empire vs. Holy League
Location
Mediterranean Sea, Greece and Cyprus
Liberian Civil Wars and Sierra Leone Civil War
Liberian Civil Wars and Sierra Leone Civil War
War
Liberian Civil Wars and Sierra Leone Civil War
Deathrange
0.3–0.32 million
Date
1989–2003
Combatants
Liberian government, Revolutionary United Front vs. National Patriotic Front of Liberia, Liberians United for Reconciliation and Democracy, Movement for Democracy in Liberia, Sierra Leone
Location
West Africa
Cambodian Civil War
Cambodian Civil War
War
Cambodian Civil War
Deathrange
0.27–0.31 million
Date
1967–1975
Combatants
Khmer Rouge and allies vs. Kingdom of Cambodia, later the Khmer Republic, and allies
Location
Indochina
Carlist Wars
Carlist Wars
War
Carlist Wars
Deathrange
0.3 million
Date
1833–1876
Combatants
Carlists vs. Liberals and Republicans
Location
Iberian Peninsula
Iraqi conflict
Iraqi conflict
War
Iraqi conflict
Deathrange
0.27–0.3 million
Date
2003–2017
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Levant
Gulf War
Gulf War
War
Gulf War
Deathrange
0.17–0.3 million
Date
1990–1991
Combatants
Kuwait and the United States-led coalition vs. Iraq
Location
Kuwait and Iraq
Social War (91–87 BC)
Social War (91–87 BC)
War
Social War (91–87 BC)
Deathrange
0.1–0.3 million
Date
91 BCE–87 BCE
Combatants
Roman Republic and allies vs. Marsic and Samnite rebels, and allies
Location
Italian Peninsula
Roman conquest of Britain
Roman conquest of Britain
War
Roman conquest of Britain
Deathrange
0.13–0.29 million
Date
43–84
Combatants
Roman Empire vs. Celtic Britons
Location
Great Britain
Philippine–American War
Philippine–American War
War
Philippine–American War
Deathrange
0.21–0.28 million
Date
1899–1913
Combatants
United States vs. Philippine Republic, later Tagalog Republic, Sultanate of Sulu and Sultanate of Maguindanao
Location
Philippines
Kalinga War
Kalinga War
War
Kalinga War
Deathrange
0.25 million
Date
262 BCE–261 BCE
Combatants
Maurya Empire vs. Kalinga
Location
Indian subcontinent
First Congo War
First Congo War
War
First Congo War
Deathrange
0.25 million
Date
1996–1997
Combatants
Zaire vs. AFDL
Location
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Cristero War
Cristero War
War
Cristero War
Deathrange
0.25 million
Date
1926–1929
Combatants
Mexico vs. Cristeros
Location
Mexico
Greek War of Independence
Greek War of Independence
War
Greek War of Independence
Deathrange
0.24 million
Date
1821–1829
Combatants
Ottoman Empire vs. Separatist First Hellenic Republic
Location
Balkans and Peloponnese Peninsula
Myanmar conflict
Myanmar conflict
War
Myanmar conflict
Deathrange
0.23 million
Date
1948–present
Combatants
National Unity Government of Myanmar vs. State Administration Council
Location
Myanmar
American Revolution
American Revolution
War
American Revolution
Deathrange
0.18–0.23 million
Date
1775–1783
Combatants
American Patriots vs. Great Britain
Location
North America
Chechen conflict
Chechen conflict
War
Chechen conflict
Deathrange
0.08–0.23 million
Date
1994–2009
Combatants
Russia vs. Separatist Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
Location
Caucasus
Indian Annexation of Hyderabad
Indian Annexation of Hyderabad
War
Indian Annexation of Hyderabad
Deathrange
0.2 million
Date
1947–1948
Combatants
India vs. Hyderabad
Location
Indian subcontinent
La Violencia
La Violencia
War
La Violencia
Deathrange
0.2 million
Date
1948–1958
Combatants
Colombian Conservative Party vs. Colombian Liberal Party
Location
South America
Greco-Persian Wars
Greco-Persian Wars
War
Greco-Persian Wars
Deathrange
0.2 million
Date
499 BCE–449 BCE
Combatants
Greek city-states vs. Achaemenid Empire
Location
Southeast Europe, West Asia, and Northeast Africa
Arab-Israeli conflict
Arab-Israeli conflict
War
Arab-Israeli conflict
Deathrange
0.2 million
Date
1948–present
Combatants
Israel vs. Arab League, Iran, Hezbollah, Hamas, and the Houthi movement
Location
Levant
Guatemalan Civil War
Guatemalan Civil War
War
Guatemalan Civil War
Deathrange
0.14–0.2 million
Date
1960–1996
Combatants
Government of Guatemala vs. Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity
Location
Central America
North Yemen Civil War
North Yemen Civil War
War
North Yemen Civil War
Deathrange
0.1–0.2 million
Date
1962–1970
Combatants
Kingdom of Yemen vs. Yemen Arab Republic
Location
Yemen
Italo-Senussi Wars
Italo-Senussi Wars
War
Italo-Senussi Wars
Deathrange
0.07-0.2 million
Date
1911–1934
Combatants
Kingdom of Italy vs. Senusiyya, Ottoman Empire
Location
North Africa
Portuguese Colonial War
Portuguese Colonial War
War
Portuguese Colonial War
Deathrange
0.14–0.18 million
Date
1961–1974
Combatants
Estado Novo vs. MPLA, PAIGC, FNLA, among others
Location
Angola, Guinea, and Mozambique
Thousand Days' War
Thousand Days' War
War
Thousand Days' War
Deathrange
0.1–0.18 million
Date
1899–1902
Combatants
Colombian Conservative Party vs. Colombian Liberal Party
Location
South America
Sri Lankan Civil War
Sri Lankan Civil War
War
Sri Lankan Civil War
Deathrange
0.08–0.17 million
Date
1983–2009
Combatants
Sri Lankan government vs. Separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
Location
Sri Lanka
Civil conflict in the Philippines
Civil conflict in the Philippines
War
Civil conflict in the Philippines
Deathrange
0.16 million
Date
1968–present
Combatants
Filipino government vs. Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters, Communist Party of the Philippines, and Abu Sayyaf
Location
Philippines
Russo-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
War
Russo-Japanese War
Deathrange
0.12–0.16 million
Date
1904–1905
Combatants
Empire of Japan vs. Russian Empire
Location
East Asia
Sudanese civil war (2023–present)
Sudanese civil war (2023–present)
War
Sudanese civil war (2023–present)
Deathrange
0.15 million
Date
2023–present
Combatants
Sudan and allies vs. Rapid Support Forces and allies
Location
Sudan
Algerian Civil War
Algerian Civil War
War
Algerian Civil War
Deathrange
0.15 million
Date
1992–2002
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
North Africa
Lebanese Civil War
Lebanese Civil War
War
Lebanese Civil War
Deathrange
0.12–0.15 million
Date
1975–1990
Combatants
Multiple sides
Location
Levant
Greek Civil War
Greek Civil War
War
Greek Civil War
Deathrange
0.08–0.15 million
Date
1946–1949
Combatants
Kingdom of Greece vs. Provisional Democratic Government
Location
Balkans and Peloponnese Peninsula
Yugoslav Wars
Yugoslav Wars
War
Yugoslav Wars
Deathrange
0.13–0.14 million
Date
1991–2001
Combatants
Separatist forces and NATO vs. Yugoslavia, later Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Location
Balkans
Irish Nine Years' War
Irish Nine Years' War
War
Irish Nine Years' War
Deathrange
0.13 million
Date
1593–1603
Combatants
Kingdom of England vs. Irish rebels
Location
Ireland
Chaco War
Chaco War
War
Chaco War
Deathrange
0.08–0.13 million
Date
1932–1935
Combatants
Paraguay vs. Bolivia
Location
South America
Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Kurdish–Turkish conflict
War
Kurdish–Turkish conflict
Deathrange
0.12 million
Date
1921–2025
Combatants
Turkey vs. Kurdish Republic of Ararat, later Kurdistan Worker's Party
Location
Middle East
Nanda–Mauryan War
Nanda–Mauryan War
War
Nanda–Mauryan War
Deathrange
0.1 million
Date
323 BCE–321 BCE
Combatants
Maurya Empire vs. Nanda Empire
Location
Indian subcontinent
Federal War
Federal War
War
Federal War
Deathrange
0.1 million
Date
1859–1863
Combatants
Federal Venezuelan rebels vs. Conservative Venezuelan government
Location
South America
War
Deathrange
Date
Combatants
Location
% of global population (rough estimates)
World War II
70–85 million
1939–1945
Allied Powers vs. Axis Powers
Global
3.04%–3.69%
Mongol invasions and conquests
20–60 million
1206–1368
Mongol Empire vs. various states in Eurasia
Asia and Europe
5.55%–13.54%
Three Kingdoms
34 million
220–280
Multiple sides but predominantly Cao Wei vs Shu Han vs Eastern Wu
China
13.28%–17.89%
Taiping Rebellion
20–30 million
1850–1864
Qing Dynasty vs. Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
China
1.42%–2.65%
Manchu Conquest of China
25 million
1618–1683
Manchu vs. Ming Dynasty
China
4.16%–5.31%
World War I
15–22 million
1914–1918
Allied Powers vs. Central Powers
Global
0.85%–1.25%
Conquests of Timur
7–17 million
1369–1405
Timurid Empire vs. various states in Asia
Central Asia, West Asia, and South Asia
1.94%–5.55%
An Lushan rebellion
13 million
754–763
Tang Dynasty and Uyghur Khaganate vs. Yan Dynasty
China
6.04%
Spanish conquest of Mexico
million
1519–1530
Spanish Empire and allies vs. Aztec Empire and allies
Mexico
2.33%
Russian Civil War
7–10 million
1917–1922
Multiple sides: Bolsheviks, anti-Bolshevik left, White Movement, Allied and Central Intervention, as well as various separatists
Russia
0.37%–0.53%
Chinese Civil War
4–9 million
1927–1949
Multiple sides, but predominantly Communists vs. Kuomintang
China
0.19%–0.43%
Thirty Years' War
million
1618–1648
Anti-Imperial Alliance vs. Imperial Alliance
Europe
0.77%–1.38%
Crusades
1–9 million
1095–1291
Originally Byzantine Empire vs. Seljuk Empire, but evolved into Christians vs. Muslims
Europe and the Middle East
0.31%–2.8%
Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire
million
1533–1572
Spanish Empire vs. Inca Empire
South America
1.71%
Reconquista
7 million
718–1492
Christian peninsular kingdoms vs. Islamic peninsular kingdoms
Iberian Peninsula
1.94%
French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars
4–7 million
1792–1815
French Republic, later French Empire, vs. Coalition forces
Europe
0.49%–0.86%
Conquests of Menelik II
5-6 million
1878–1904
Ethiopian Empire vs. Emirate of Harar, Kingdom of Kaffa, Kingdom of Wolaita, and allies
Horn of Africa
0.39%
Mahdist War
4-6 million
1881-1899
Mahdist Sudan vs. United Kingdom and allies
Sudan
Second Congo War
million
1998–2003
Multiple sides
Democratic Republic of the Congo
0.05%–0.09%
Spanish conquest of New Granada
million
1525–1540
Spanish Empire vs. Muisca Confederation and other civilizations
South America
1.17%
Deccan wars
million
1680–1707
Mughal Empire vs. Maratha Confederacy
Indian subcontinent
0.75%–0.82%
Northern Wars
million
1554–1721
Multiple sides
Eastern and Northern Europe
0.46%–1.02%
Vietnam War
million
1955–1975
North Vietnam and allies vs. South Vietnam and allies
Indochina
0.027%–0.153%
Nigerian Civil War
million
1967–1970
Nigeria vs. Biafra
Nigeria
French Wars of Religion
2–4 million
1562–1598
French catholics vs Huguenots
France
0.40%–0.89%
Korean War
million
1950–1953
North Korea and allies vs. South Korea and allies
Korean Peninsula
Hundred Years' War
million
1337–1453
House of Valois vs. House of Plantagenet
Western Europe
0.51%–1.00%
Soviet–Afghan War
1–3 million
1979–1989
Soviet Union and Democratic Republic of Afghanistan vs. Afghan mujahideen
Afghanistan
Delhi Conquest of North India
million
1300–1310
Delhi Sultanate vs. North Indian States
Indian subcontinent
0.14%–0.86%
Bangladesh Liberation War
million
1971
India and Provisional Government of Bangladesh vs. Pakistan
Indian subcontinent
Mexican Revolution
million
1910–1920
Anti-government forces vs. Pro-government forces
Mexico
Fang La Rebellion
2 million
1120–1122
Song Dynasty vs. Fang La rebels
China
0.56%–0.63%
Ethiopian Civil War and Eritrean War of Independence
million
1961–1991
EPRDF, later EPLF, vs. Derg and People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Horn of Africa
Russo-Circassian War and Caucasian War
million
1763–1864
Circassian Confederation, Principality of Abkhazia, and Caucasian Imamate vs. Russian Empire
Caucasus
Second Sudanese Civil War
1–2 million
1983–2005
Sudan vs. SSPDF
Sudan
Tây Sơn wars
1–2 million
1771–1802
Tây Sơn dynasty vs. Nguyễn lords, Kingdom of Cambodia, Rattanakosin Kingdom, and Kingdom of France
Indochina
Akbar's Conquest of North India
1–2 million
1556–1605
Mughal Empire vs. North Indian States
Indian subcontinent
Indian Rebellion of 1857
million
1857–1858
United Kingdom and allies vs. Indian rebels and allies
Indian subcontinent
Balkan Wars
million
1912–1913
Ottoman Empire vs. Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro; later Bulgaria vs. Serbia, Greece, Montenegro, and Romania
Balkans
Algerian War
million
1954–1962
France vs. Separatists National Liberation Front, Algerian National Movement, and Algerian Communist Party
North Africa
Seven Years' War
million
1756–1763
Great Britain, Hanover, Prussia, Portugal, and allies vs. France, Habsburg empire, Saxony, Spain, and allies
Global
Warring States period and Qin's wars of unification
million
475 BCE–221 BCE
Multiple sides
China
0.35%–1.30%
French conquest of Algeria
million
1830–1903
France vs. Regency of Algiers, Emirate of Abdelkader, Kingdom of Beni Abbas, and allies
North Africa
Gallic Wars
million
58 BCE–50 BCE
Roman Republic vs. Gauls and allies
Gaul
0.37%–1.28%
Jewish–Roman wars
million
66–135
Roman Empire vs. Judean provisional government
Fertile Crescent
0.17%–0.74%
War of the Spanish Succession
million
1701–1714
Habsburg Spain, Great Britain, Holy Roman Empire, and allies vs. Bourboun Spain, Kingdom of France, and allies
Global
Japanese invasions of Korea
1 million
1592–1598
Joseon and Ming dynasty vs. Japan
Korean Peninsula
Panthay Rebellion
1 million
1856–1873
Qing Dynasty vs. Pingnan Guo
China
American Civil War
million
1861–1865
United States vs. Confederate States
North America

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