| Period | Members | Releases |
| Fall 1970 – November 1971 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar, harmonica, piano Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Dave Shogren – bass, organ, guitar, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, percussion, backing vocals | The Doobie Brothers (1971) Toulouse Street (1972) – two tracks |
| December 1971 – September 1973 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar, harmonica Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, percussion, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion | Toulouse Street (1972) – remaining tracks The Captain and Me (1973) What Were Once Vices Are Now Habits (1974) |
| September 1973 – September 1974 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar, harmonica Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, percussion, backing vocals Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals | What Were Once Vices Are Now Habits (1974) – Knudsen's backing vocals |
| September 1974 – April 1975 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar, harmonica Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Jeff Baxter – guitar, pedal steel guitar Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, percussion, backing vocals Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals | Stampede (1975) |
| April 1975 – October 1977 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar, harmonica Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Jeff Baxter – guitar, pedal steel guitar Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards John Hartman – drums, percussion, backing vocals Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals with The Memphis Horns – horns (touring members 1976–77) | Takin' It to the Streets (1976) Livin' on the Fault Line (1977) |
| October 1977 – April 1979 | Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Jeff Baxter – guitar, pedal steel guitar Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, percussion, backing vocals Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals with Norton Buffalo – harmonica (touring member 1977–78) Rosemary Butler – vocals (touring member 1977–78) Maureen McDonald – vocals (touring member 1977–78) | Minute by Minute (1978) |
| May 1979 – August 1980 | Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals Chet McCracken – drums, percussion, vibraphone Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards, vocals | One Step Closer (1980) |
| August 1980 – September 1982 | Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Willie Weeks – bass, backing vocals Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals Chet McCracken – drums, percussion, vibraphone Bobby LaKind – percussion, backing vocals Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards, vocals | Farewell Tour (1983) |
| Band inactive September 1982 – May 1987 |
| May – July 1987 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Jeff Baxter – guitar, pedal steel guitar Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals Chet McCracken – drums, percussion, vibraphone Bobby LaKind – percussion, backing vocals Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards, vocals | none |
| July 1987 – June 1989 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Bobby LaKind – percussion, backing vocals | Cycles (1989) |
| June – September 1989 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Bobby LaKind – percussion, backing vocals Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards with Dale Ockerman – keyboards, vocals (touring member) | none |
| September – December 1989 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards with Dale Ockerman – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Richard Bryant – percussion, vocals (touring member) Jimi Fox – percussion, vocals (touring member) |
| December 1989 – November 1991 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion with Dale Ockerman – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Richard Bryant – percussion, vocals (touring member) Jimi Fox – percussion, vocals (touring member) | Brotherhood (1991) |
| Band inactive November 1991 – October 1992 |
| October 1992(two shows) | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards Jeff Baxter – guitar, pedal steel guitar Tiran Porter – bass, backing vocals John Hartman – drums, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Bobby LaKind – percussion, backing vocals Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards | none |
| Band inactive October 1992 – summer 1993 |
| Summer – fall 1993 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Willie Weeks – bass, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards with Dale Ockerman – keyboards, vocals (touring member) | none |
| Fall 1993 – early 1995 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Dale Ockerman – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Danny Hull – saxophone, keyboards (touring member) |
| Early 1995 – summer 1996 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals Cornelius Bumpus – saxophone, keyboards with Skylark – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Dale Ockerman – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Danny Hull – saxophone, keyboards (touring member) | Rockin' Down the Highway: The WildlifeConcert (1996) |
| Summer 1996 – summer 1998 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals with Skylark – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Guy Allison – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Danny Hull – saxophone, keyboards (touring member) | none |
| Summer 1998 – June 2001 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals with Skylark – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Guy Allison – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | Sibling Rivalry (2000) |
| June 2001 – February 2005 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals with Skylark – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Guy Allison – keyboards, vocals (touring member) M.B. Gordy – percussion, drums (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | Live at Wolf Trap (2004) |
| April 2005 – spring 2010 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion with Skylark – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Guy Allison – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | none |
| Spring 2010 – March 2012 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael Hossack – drums, percussion with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Guy Allison – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Tony Pia – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | World Gone Crazy (2010) |
| March 2012 – November 2015 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals Michael McDonald – keyboards, vocals (studio only, seven tracks on Southbound (2014)) with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Guy Allison – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Tony Pia – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | Southbound (2014) |
| November 2015 – summer 2016 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Bill Payne – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Tony Pia – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | none |
| Summer 2016 – May 2018 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Bill Payne – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) |
| May 2018 – November 2019 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Bill Payne – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Quiñones – percussion, vocals (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | Live from the Beacon Theatre (2019) |
| November 2019 – November 2021 | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards, mandolin John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Bill Payne – keyboards, vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Quiñones – percussion, vocals (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | Liberté (2021) |
| November 2021 – present | Tom Johnston – lead vocals, guitar Patrick Simmons – lead vocals, guitar, banjo Michael McDonald – lead vocals, keyboards, mandolin John McFee – guitar, violin, backing vocals with John Cowan – bass, backing vocals (touring member) Ed Toth – drums, percussion (touring member) Marc Quiñones – percussion, vocals (touring member) Marc Russo – saxophone (touring member) | Walk This Road (2025) |