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List of papal conclaves

Updated: Wikipedia source

List of papal conclaves

Papal elections since 1276 have taken the form of conclaves, which are elections that follow a set of rules and procedures developed in In nomine Domini (1059), Ubi periculum (1274) and later papal bulls; observance of the conclave varied until 1294, but all papal elections since have followed relatively similar conclave procedures. Although the cardinals have historically gathered at a handful of other locations within Rome and beyond, only five elections since 1455 have been held outside the Apostolic Palace. Twenty-eight papal elections have been held outside Rome, in: Terracina (1088), Cluny (1119), Velletri (1181), Verona (1185), Ferrara (October 1187), Pisa (December 1187), Perugia (1216, 1264–1265, 1285, 1292–1294, 1304–1305), Anagni (1243), Naples (1254, 1294), Viterbo (1261, 1268–1271, July 1276, August–September 1276, 1277, 1281–1282), Arezzo (January 1276), Carpentras/Lyon (1314–1316), Avignon (1334, 1342, 1352, 1362, 1370), Konstanz (1417) and Venice (1799–1800). Three elections moved between locations while in progress: the elections of 1268–1271, 1292–1294, and 1314–1316.

Tables

· Papal elections
1061 papal election
1061 papal election
Election
1061 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Alexander II
Location
San Pietro in Vincoli (Rome)
Eligible electors
6
Electors
6
Duration
1 day
1073 papal election
1073 papal election
Election
1073 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Gregory VII
Location
San Pietro in Vincoli (Rome)
Eligible electors
4
Electors
2
Duration
1 day
1086 papal election
1086 papal election
Election
1086 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Victor III
Location
Santa Lucia in Septisolio (Rome)
Eligible electors
unknown
Electors
Duration
1 day
1088 papal election
1088 papal election
Election
1088 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Urban II
Location
Santi Pietro e Cesareo (Terracina)
Eligible electors
4
Electors
1 day
1099 papal election
1099 papal election
Election
1099 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Paschal II
Location
Basilica di San Clemente (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1118 papal election
1118 papal election
Election
1118 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Gelasius II
Location
Santa Maria in Pallara (Rome)
Eligible electors
4
Electors
1 day
1119 papal election
1119 papal election
Election
1119 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Callixtus II
Location
Cluny Abbey (France)
Eligible electors
4
Electors
1124 papal election
1124 papal election
Election
1124 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Honorius II
Location
San Pancrazio (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1 day
1130 papal election
1130 papal election
Election
1130 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Innocent II
Location
Santi Andrea e Gregorio (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1130 papal election
1130 papal election
Election
1130 papal election
Elected pope
Antipope Anacletus II
Location
San Marco (Rome)
Eligible electors
41
Electors
1143 papal election
1143 papal election
Election
1143 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Celestine II
Location
Basilica of St. John Lateran (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1144 papal election
1144 papal election
Election
1144 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Lucius II
Location
(Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1145 papal election
1145 papal election
Election
1145 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Eugene III
Location
San Cesareo in Palatio (Rome)
Eligible electors
43
Electors
1 day
1153 papal election
1153 papal election
Election
1153 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Anastasius IV
Location
(Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1154 papal election
1154 papal election
Election
1154 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Adrian IV
Location
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1 day
1159 papal election
1159 papal election
Election
1159 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Alexander III
Location
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1159 papal election
1159 papal election
Election
1159 papal election
Elected pope
Antipope Victor IV
Location
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
Eligible electors
5*
Electors
5
Duration
1 day
1181 papal election
1181 papal election
Election
1181 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Lucius III
Location
(Rome)
Eligible electors
unknown
Electors
Duration
1 day
1185 papal election
1185 papal election
Election
1185 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Urban III
Location
(Verona)
Eligible electors
11
Electors
October 1187 papal election
October 1187 papal election
Election
October 1187 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Gregory VIII
Location
(Ferrara)
Eligible electors
Electors
1 day
December 1187 papal election
December 1187 papal election
Election
December 1187 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Clement III
Location
(Pisa)
Eligible electors
8
Electors
1 day
1191 papal election
1191 papal election
Election
1191 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Celestine III
Location
(Rome)
Eligible electors
31
Electors
31
Duration
1198 papal election
1198 papal election
Election
1198 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Innocent III
Location
Septizodium (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
21
Duration
2 ballots
1216 papal election
1216 papal election
Election
1216 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Honorius III
Location
Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
Eligible electors
2
Electors
1227 papal election
1227 papal election
Election
1227 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Gregory IX
Location
Septizodium (Rome)
Eligible electors
18
Electors
1241 papal election
1241 papal election
Election
1241 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Celestine IV
Location
Septizodium (Rome)
Eligible electors
12
Electors
10 (9 after one died)
Duration
1243 papal election
1243 papal election
Election
1243 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Innocent IV
Location
(Anagni)
Eligible electors
10
Electors
8
Duration
1254 papal election
1254 papal election
Election
1254 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Alexander IV
Location
(Naples)
Eligible electors
18
Electors
10
Duration
2 days
1261 papal election
1261 papal election
Election
1261 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Urban IV
Location
Viterbo Cathedral
Eligible electors
8
Electors
8
Duration
95 days
1264–1265 papal election
1264–1265 papal election
Election
1264–1265 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Clement IV
Location
Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
Eligible electors
21
Electors
18 or 19
Duration
116 days
1268–1271 papal election
1268–1271 papal election
Election
1268–1271 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Gregory X
Location
Viterbo Cathedral Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
Eligible electors
20
Electors
19 (16 after two died and one left due to illness)
Duration
1006 days at least 137 ballots
January 1276 conclave
January 1276 conclave
Election
January 1276 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Innocent V
Location
Arezzo Cathedral
Eligible electors
Electors
10
Duration
1 day 1 ballot
July 1276 conclave
July 1276 conclave
Election
July 1276 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Adrian V
Location
Basilica of St. John Lateran (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
14 days
September 1276 papal election
September 1276 papal election
Election
September 1276 papal election
Elected pope
Pope John XXI
Location
Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
Eligible electors
12
Electors
9
Duration
1 day 1 ballot
1277 papal election
1277 papal election
Election
1277 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Nicholas III
Location
Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
Eligible electors
7
Electors
7
Duration
178 days
1280–1281 papal election
1280–1281 papal election
Election
1280–1281 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Martin IV
Location
Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
Eligible electors
Electors
13 (12 after one was imprisoned by a mob)
1285 papal election
1285 papal election
Election
1285 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Honorius IV
Location
Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
Eligible electors
18
Electors
15
1287–1288 papal election
1287–1288 papal election
Election
1287–1288 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Nicholas IV
Location
Santa Sabina (Rome)
Eligible electors
15
Electors
15 (9 after 6 died during an extremely hot summer)
1292–1294 papal election
1292–1294 papal election
Election
1292–1294 papal election
Elected pope
Pope Celestine V
Location
Basilica of St. Mary Major (Rome) Santa Maria sopra Minerva (Rome) Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
Eligible electors
Electors
10 (9 after one died, three others eventually left, leaving 6 who picked Celestine V, though the other 3 were recalled to consent)
1294 conclave
1294 conclave
Election
1294 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Boniface VIII
Location
Castel Nuovo (Naples)
Eligible electors
Electors
1 day 3 ballots
1303 conclave
1303 conclave
Election
1303 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Benedict XI
Location
Basilica of St. John Lateran (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1 day 1 ballot
1304–1305 conclave
1304–1305 conclave
Election
1304–1305 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Clement V
Location
Perugia Cathedral
Eligible electors
19 (15 after four left due to illness)
1314–1316 conclave
1314–1316 conclave
Election
1314–1316 conclave
Elected pope
Pope John XXII
Location
Carpentras Cathedral Dominican house in Lyon
Eligible electors
23
1334 conclave
1334 conclave
Election
1334 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Benedict XII
Location
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
Eligible electors
24
1342 conclave
1342 conclave
Election
1342 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Clement VI
Location
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
Eligible electors
19
Electors
4 days
1352 conclave
1352 conclave
Election
1352 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Innocent VI
Location
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
Eligible electors
28
Electors
25
Duration
2 days
1362 conclave
1362 conclave
Election
1362 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Urban V
Location
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
Eligible electors
Electors
20
Duration
7 days
1370 conclave
1370 conclave
Election
1370 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Gregory XI
Location
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
Eligible electors
19
1378 conclave
1378 conclave
Election
1378 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Urban VI
Location
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
Eligible electors
22
Electors
16
1378 Avignon conclave
1378 Avignon conclave
Election
1378 Avignon conclave
Elected pope
Antipope Clement VII
Location
(Fondi)
Eligible electors
22
Electors
21
1389 conclave
1389 conclave
Election
1389 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Boniface IX
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
21
1394 Avignon conclave
1394 Avignon conclave
Election
1394 Avignon conclave
Elected pope
Antipope Benedict XIII
Location
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
Eligible electors
14
1404 conclave
1404 conclave
Election
1404 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Innocent VII
Location
(Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1406 conclave
1406 conclave
Election
1406 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Gregory XII
Location
(Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
1409 Council of Pisa
1409 Council of Pisa
Election
1409 Council of Pisa
Elected pope
Antipope Alexander V
Location
(Pisa)
Eligible electors
26
Electors
11 days
1410 Pisan conclave
1410 Pisan conclave
Election
1410 Pisan conclave
Elected pope
Antipope John XXIII
Location
San Petronio Basilica (Bologna)
Eligible electors
17
Electors
3 days
1417 Council of Constance
1417 Council of Constance
Election
1417 Council of Constance
Elected pope
Pope Martin V
Location
Konstanz Minster
Eligible electors
31 (cardinals)
Electors
23 (53 including 30 prelates)
Duration
2 days 2 ballots
1423 Avignon conclave
1423 Avignon conclave
Election
1423 Avignon conclave
Elected pope
Antipope Clement VIII
Location
(Peñíscola)
Eligible electors
Electors
Duration
1431 conclave
1431 conclave
Election
1431 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Eugene IV
Location
Santa Maria sopra Minerva (Rome)
Eligible electors
20
Electors
19
Duration
1439 Council of Florence
1439 Council of Florence
Election
1439 Council of Florence
Elected pope
Antipope Felix V
Location
Basel Münster
Eligible electors
Electors
32 (among them only 1 cardinal)
Duration
1447 conclave
1447 conclave
Election
1447 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Nicholas V
Location
Santa Maria sopra Minerva (Rome)
Eligible electors
24
Electors
18
Duration
3 ballots
1455 conclave
1455 conclave
Election
1455 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Callixtus III
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
20
Electors
15
Duration
1458 conclave
1458 conclave
Election
1458 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Pius II
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
18 (the favorite, Domenico Capranica, Cardinal of Fermo died shortly before the start of the conclave)
Duration
4 days 2 ballots
1464 conclave
1464 conclave
Election
1464 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Paul II
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
20
Duration
1 day 1 ballot
1471 conclave
1471 conclave
Election
1471 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Sixtus IV
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
18 (2 in pectore cardinals were not admitted to the conclave)
Duration
3 days 3 ballots
1484 conclave
1484 conclave
Election
1484 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Innocent VIII
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome), Sistine Chapel
Eligible electors
25
Electors
25
Duration
1492 conclave
1492 conclave
Election
1492 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Alexander VI
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome), Sistine Chapel
Eligible electors
23
Electors
19
Duration
4 days
September 1503 conclave
September 1503 conclave
Election
September 1503 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Pius III
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
45 or 47
Electors
39 (list)
Duration
2 days 2 ballots
October 1503 conclave
October 1503 conclave
Election
October 1503 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Julius II
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
44
Electors
38 (list)
Duration
1 day 1 ballot
1513 conclave
1513 conclave
Election
1513 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Leo X
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome), Niccoline Chapel
Eligible electors
31
Electors
25
Duration
2 days
1521–1522 conclave
1521–1522 conclave
Election
1521–1522 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Adrian VI
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
49
Electors
39
Duration
11 days 12 ballots
1523 conclave
1523 conclave
Election
1523 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Clement VII
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
41
Electors
38
Duration
48 days
1534 conclave
1534 conclave
Election
1534 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Paul III
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome), Cappella Parva
Eligible electors
Electors
35
Duration
2 days 2 ballots
1549–1550 conclave
1549–1550 conclave
Election
1549–1550 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Julius III
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome), Cappella Paolina
Eligible electors
54
Electors
49 (down to 45 at the end, including one death)
Duration
72 days 61 ballots
April 1555 conclave
April 1555 conclave
Election
April 1555 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Marcellus II
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
57
Electors
40 (37 at the beginning)
Duration
5 days 1 ballot
May 1555 conclave
May 1555 conclave
Election
May 1555 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Paul IV
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
56
Electors
45 (43 at the beginning)
Duration
9 days 3 ballots
1559 conclave
1559 conclave
Election
1559 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Pius IV
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome), Cappella Paolina
Eligible electors
55
Electors
48 (40 at the beginning. 51 participated in total, but because of illness no more than 48 ever voted at once. 2 died during conclave.)
Duration
103 days
1565–1566 conclave
1565–1566 conclave
Election
1565–1566 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Pius V
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
53 (48 at the beginning)
Duration
20 days
1572 conclave
1572 conclave
Election
1572 conclave
Elected pope
Pope Gregory XIII
Location
Apostolic Palace (Rome)
Eligible electors
Electors
51
Duration
2 days
Election
Elected pope
Location
Eligible electors
Electors
Duration
Ref.
1061 papal election
Pope Alexander II
San Pietro in Vincoli (Rome)
6
6
1 day
1073 papal election
Pope Gregory VII
San Pietro in Vincoli (Rome)
4
2
1 day
1086 papal election
Pope Victor III
Santa Lucia in Septisolio (Rome)
unknown
1 day
1088 papal election
Pope Urban II
Santi Pietro e Cesareo (Terracina)
4
1 day
1099 papal election
Pope Paschal II
Basilica di San Clemente (Rome)
1118 papal election
Pope Gelasius II
Santa Maria in Pallara (Rome)
4
1 day
1119 papal election
Pope Callixtus II
Cluny Abbey (France)
4
1124 papal election
Pope Honorius II
San Pancrazio (Rome)
1 day
1130 papal election
Pope Innocent II
Santi Andrea e Gregorio (Rome)
1130 papal election
Antipope Anacletus II
San Marco (Rome)
41
1143 papal election
Pope Celestine II
Basilica of St. John Lateran (Rome)
1144 papal election
Pope Lucius II
(Rome)
1145 papal election
Pope Eugene III
San Cesareo in Palatio (Rome)
43
1 day
1153 papal election
Pope Anastasius IV
(Rome)
1154 papal election
Pope Adrian IV
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
1 day
1159 papal election
Pope Alexander III
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
1159 papal election
Antipope Victor IV
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
5*
5
1 day
1181 papal election
Pope Lucius III
(Rome)
unknown
1 day
1185 papal election
Pope Urban III
(Verona)
11
October 1187 papal election
Pope Gregory VIII
(Ferrara)
1 day
December 1187 papal election
Pope Clement III
(Pisa)
8
1 day
1191 papal election
Pope Celestine III
(Rome)
31
31
1198 papal election
Pope Innocent III
Septizodium (Rome)
21
2 ballots
1216 papal election
Pope Honorius III
Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
2
1227 papal election
Pope Gregory IX
Septizodium (Rome)
18
1241 papal election
Pope Celestine IV
Septizodium (Rome)
12
10 (9 after one died)
1243 papal election
Pope Innocent IV
(Anagni)
10
8
1254 papal election
Pope Alexander IV
(Naples)
18
10
2 days
1261 papal election
Pope Urban IV
Viterbo Cathedral
8
8
95 days
1264–1265 papal election
Pope Clement IV
Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
21
18 or 19
116 days
1268–1271 papal election
Pope Gregory X
Viterbo Cathedral Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
20
19 (16 after two died and one left due to illness)
1006 days at least 137 ballots
January 1276 conclave
Pope Innocent V
Arezzo Cathedral
10
1 day 1 ballot
July 1276 conclave
Pope Adrian V
Basilica of St. John Lateran (Rome)
14 days
September 1276 papal election
Pope John XXI
Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
12
9
1 day 1 ballot
1277 papal election
Pope Nicholas III
Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
7
7
178 days
1280–1281 papal election
Pope Martin IV
Palace of the Popes in Viterbo
13 (12 after one was imprisoned by a mob)
1285 papal election
Pope Honorius IV
Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
18
15
1287–1288 papal election
Pope Nicholas IV
Santa Sabina (Rome)
15
15 (9 after 6 died during an extremely hot summer)
1292–1294 papal election
Pope Celestine V
Basilica of St. Mary Major (Rome) Santa Maria sopra Minerva (Rome) Palazzo delle Canoniche (Perugia)
10 (9 after one died, three others eventually left, leaving 6 who picked Celestine V, though the other 3 were recalled to consent)
1294 conclave
Pope Boniface VIII
Castel Nuovo (Naples)
1 day 3 ballots
1303 conclave
Pope Benedict XI
Basilica of St. John Lateran (Rome)
1 day 1 ballot
1304–1305 conclave
Pope Clement V
Perugia Cathedral
19 (15 after four left due to illness)
1314–1316 conclave
Pope John XXII
Carpentras Cathedral Dominican house in Lyon
23
1334 conclave
Pope Benedict XII
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
24
1342 conclave
Pope Clement VI
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
19
4 days
1352 conclave
Pope Innocent VI
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
28
25
2 days
1362 conclave
Pope Urban V
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
20
7 days
1370 conclave
Pope Gregory XI
Palais des Papes (Avignon)
19
1378 conclave
Pope Urban VI
Old St. Peter's Basilica (Rome)
22
16

References

  1. In the early days of the College of Cardinals, a total of seven cardinal-bishop positions existed, assuming all position
  2. According to the official protocol, Gregory was selected by an assembly in St. Peter that included cardinals and priests
  3. The election took place on 24 May 1086. However, the newly elected Desiderius initially refused the position, only accep
  4. Probably the first conclave that closely followed the 1059 rules. The group that elected Urban II was larger than that w
  5. The first election under the 1059 rules for which a detailed account exists. Four cadinal-bishops along with 45 other no
  6. Gelasius II was accompanied by 4 cardinal-bishops to France, where Gelasius died. The 4 cardinals elected his chosen suc
  7. Following the death of Callixtus, the Pierleoni and Frangipani families fought over the papal election. The cardinals in
  8. Innocent II was elected by a small group of cardinals supporting Haimeric, the cardinal instrumental in the election of
  9. Anacletus was chosen by a majority of the 41 cardinals opposed to Haimeric. This marks a departure from the previous ele
  10. elected "entirely consistent with the decree of 1059". Unclear if that means that only the small group of cardinal-bisho
  11. elected unanimously
  12. elected unanimously
  13. Alexander III received a majority of votes which was opposed by at least 5 other cardinals that went on to elect Victor
  14. Victor IV was chosen by a group of five cardinals loyal to the Holy Roman Emperor who objected to the election of Alexan
  15. elected unanimously
  16. The first conclave following the Third Lateran Council, which declared that all cardinals, not just the 6 (previously 7)
  17. elected unanimously
  18. elected unanimously
  19. elected unanimously
  20. elected unanimously
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