List of largest bank failures in the United States
Updated: 11/4/2025, 4:29:00 PM Wikipedia source
Since the 1970s, over 90 banks in the United States with US$1 billion or more in assets have failed. The list below is based on assets at the time of failure of banks insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Tables
Nominal
Nominal
Bank
Nominal
City
Inflation-adjusted (2024)
Washington Mutual
Washington Mutual
Bank
Washington Mutual
City
Seattle
State
Washington
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$307 billion
Assets at time of failure
$448 billion
First Republic Bank
First Republic Bank
Bank
First Republic Bank
City
San Francisco
State
California
Year
2023
Assets at time of failure
$229 billion
Assets at time of failure
$229 billion
Silicon Valley Bank
Silicon Valley Bank
Bank
Silicon Valley Bank
City
Santa Clara
State
California
Year
2023
Assets at time of failure
$209 billion
Assets at time of failure
$209 billion
Signature Bank
Signature Bank
Bank
Signature Bank
City
New York
State
New York
Year
2023
Assets at time of failure
$118 billion
Assets at time of failure
$118 billion
Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust
Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust
Bank
Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust
City
Chicago
State
Illinois
Year
1984
Assets at time of failure
$40.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$121 billion
First Republic Bank Corporation
First Republic Bank Corporation
Bank
First Republic Bank Corporation
City
Dallas
State
Texas
Year
1988
Assets at time of failure
$32.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$86 billion
American Savings and Loan
American Savings and Loan
Bank
American Savings and Loan
City
Stockton
State
California
Year
1988
Assets at time of failure
$30.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$80 billion
Bank of New England
Bank of New England
Bank
Bank of New England
City
Boston
State
Massachusetts
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$21.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$50 billion
IndyMac
IndyMac
Bank
IndyMac
City
Pasadena
State
California
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$32.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$47 billion
MCorp
MCorp
Bank
MCorp
City
Dallas
State
Texas
Year
1989
Assets at time of failure
$18.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$47 billion
Gibraltar Savings and Loan
Gibraltar Savings and Loan
Bank
Gibraltar Savings and Loan
City
Simi Valley
State
California
Year
1989
Assets at time of failure
$15.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$38 billion
Colonial Bank
Colonial Bank
Bank
Colonial Bank
City
Montgomery
State
Alabama
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$25.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$37 billion
First City National Bank
First City National Bank
Bank
First City National Bank
City
Houston
State
Texas
Year
1988
Assets at time of failure
$13.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$35 billion
HomeFed Bank
HomeFed Bank
Bank
HomeFed Bank
City
San Diego
State
California
Year
1992
Assets at time of failure
$12.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$27 billion
FBOP Corp banking subsidiaries
FBOP Corp banking subsidiaries
Bank
FBOP Corp banking subsidiaries
City
Oak Park
State
Illinois
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$18.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$27 billion
Southeast Bank
Southeast Bank
Bank
Southeast Bank
City
Miami
State
Florida
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$10.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$24 billion
City Federal Savings and Loan
City Federal Savings and Loan
Bank
City Federal Savings and Loan
City
Elizabeth
State
New Jersey
Year
1989
Assets at time of failure
$9.8 billion
Assets at time of failure
$25 billion
Goldome
Goldome
Bank
Goldome
City
Buffalo
State
New York
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$9.9 billion
Assets at time of failure
$23 billion
Imperial Federal Savings Assoc.
Imperial Federal Savings Assoc.
Bank
Imperial Federal Savings Assoc.
City
San Diego
State
California
Year
1990
Assets at time of failure
$9.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$23 billion
Franklin National Bank
Franklin National Bank
Bank
Franklin National Bank
City
New York
State
New York
Year
1974
Assets at time of failure
$3.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$24 billion
Great American Bank
Great American Bank
Bank
Great American Bank
City
San Diego
State
California
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$9.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$22 billion
CenTrust Bank
CenTrust Bank
Bank
CenTrust Bank
City
Miami
State
Florida
Year
1990
Assets at time of failure
$8.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$20 billion
Empire of America Savings
Empire of America Savings
Bank
Empire of America Savings
City
Buffalo
State
New York
Year
1990
Assets at time of failure
$8.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$20 billion
Guaranty Bank
Guaranty Bank
Bank
Guaranty Bank
City
Austin
State
Texas
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$13.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$19 billion
Downey Savings and Loan
Downey Savings and Loan
Bank
Downey Savings and Loan
City
Newport Beach
State
California
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$12.8 billion
Assets at time of failure
$19 billion
BankUnited FSB
BankUnited FSB
Bank
BankUnited FSB
City
Coral Gables
State
Florida
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$12.8 billion
Assets at time of failure
$19 billion
AmTrust Bank
AmTrust Bank
Bank
AmTrust Bank
City
Cleveland
State
Ohio
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$12.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$18 billion
WesternBank
WesternBank
Bank
WesternBank
City
Mayagüez
State
Puerto Rico
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$11.9 billion
Assets at time of failure
$17 billion
Gibraltar Savings Association
Gibraltar Savings Association
Bank
Gibraltar Savings Association
City
Houston
State
Texas
Year
1988
Assets at time of failure
$6.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$17 billion
United Commercial Bank
United Commercial Bank
Bank
United Commercial Bank
City
San Francisco
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$11.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$16 billion
Crossland Savings Bank
Crossland Savings Bank
Bank
Crossland Savings Bank
City
Brooklyn
State
New York
Year
1992
Assets at time of failure
$7.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$17 billion
The Connecticut Bank & Trust Co.
The Connecticut Bank & Trust Co.
Bank
The Connecticut Bank & Trust Co.
City
Hartford
State
Connecticut
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$7.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$17 billion
MeraBank
MeraBank
Bank
MeraBank
City
Phoenix
State
Arizona
Year
1990
Assets at time of failure
$6.3 billion
Assets at time of failure
$15 billion
Sunbelt Savings
Sunbelt Savings
Bank
Sunbelt Savings
City
Irving
State
Texas
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$6.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$14 billion
Western Savings and Loan
Western Savings and Loan
Bank
Western Savings and Loan
City
Phoenix
State
Arizona
Year
1989
Assets at time of failure
$5.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$14 billion
Columbia Savings & Loan Assn.
Columbia Savings & Loan Assn.
Bank
Columbia Savings & Loan Assn.
City
Beverly Hills
State
California
Year
1991
Assets at time of failure
$5.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$12 billion
Lincoln Savings and Loan Association
Lincoln Savings and Loan Association
Bank
Lincoln Savings and Loan Association
City
Irvine
State
California
Year
1989
Assets at time of failure
$4.9 billion
Assets at time of failure
$12 billion
California National Bank
California National Bank
Bank
California National Bank
City
Los Angeles
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$7.8 billion
Assets at time of failure
$11.4 billion
Corus Bank
Corus Bank
Bank
Corus Bank
City
Chicago
State
Illinois
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$7.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$10.3 billion
United States National Bank
United States National Bank
Bank
United States National Bank
City
San Diego
State
California
Year
1973
Assets at time of failure
$1.3 billion
Assets at time of failure
$9.2 billion
First Federal Bank of California
First Federal Bank of California
Bank
First Federal Bank of California
City
Santa Monica
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$6.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$8.9 billion
R-G Premier Bank of Puerto Rico
R-G Premier Bank of Puerto Rico
Bank
R-G Premier Bank of Puerto Rico
City
Hato Rey
State
Puerto Rico
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$5.9 billion
Assets at time of failure
$8.5 billion
Doral Bank
Doral Bank
Bank
Doral Bank
City
San Juan
State
Puerto Rico
Year
2015
Assets at time of failure
$5.9 billion
Assets at time of failure
$7.8 billion
Franklin Bank
Franklin Bank
Bank
Franklin Bank
City
Houston
State
Texas
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$5.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$7.4 billion
Silverton Bank
Silverton Bank
Bank
Silverton Bank
City
Atlanta
State
Georgia
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$4.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$6 billion
Imperial Capital Bank
Imperial Capital Bank
Bank
Imperial Capital Bank
City
La Jolla
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$4.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$5.9 billion
PFF Bank & Trust
PFF Bank & Trust
Bank
PFF Bank & Trust
City
Pomona
State
California
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$3.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$5.4 billion
La Jolla Bank
La Jolla Bank
Bank
La Jolla Bank
City
La Jolla
State
California
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$3.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$5.2 billion
Frontier Bank
Frontier Bank
Bank
Frontier Bank
City
Everett
State
Washington
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$3.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$5 billion
First National Bank of Nevada
First National Bank of Nevada
Bank
First National Bank of Nevada
City
Reno
State
Nevada
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$3.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$5 billion
Amcore Bank
Amcore Bank
Bank
Amcore Bank
City
Rockford
State
Illinois
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$3.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4.9 billion
Riverside National Bank of Florida
Riverside National Bank of Florida
Bank
Riverside National Bank of Florida
City
Fort Pierce
State
Florida
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$3.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4.9 billion
Midwest Bank and Trust Company
Midwest Bank and Trust Company
Bank
Midwest Bank and Trust Company
City
Elmwood Park
State
Illinois
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$3.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4.6 billion
First National Bank, also operating as The National Bank of El Paso
First National Bank, also operating as The National Bank of El Paso
Bank
First National Bank, also operating as The National Bank of El Paso
City
Edinburg
State
Texas
Year
2013
Assets at time of failure
$3.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4.2 billion
Superior Bank
Superior Bank
Bank
Superior Bank
City
Birmingham
State
Alabama
Year
2011
Assets at time of failure
$3.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4.2 billion
TierOne Bank
TierOne Bank
Bank
TierOne Bank
City
Lincoln
State
Nebraska
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$2.8 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4 billion
Irwin Union Bank and Trust Company
Irwin Union Bank and Trust Company
Bank
Irwin Union Bank and Trust Company
City
Columbus
State
Indiana
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$2.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4 billion
Orion Bank
Orion Bank
Bank
Orion Bank
City
Naples
State
Florida
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$2.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$4 billion
EuroBank
EuroBank
Bank
EuroBank
City
San Juan
State
Puerto Rico
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$2.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$3.7 billion
First Community Bank
First Community Bank
Bank
First Community Bank
City
Taos
State
New Mexico
Year
2011
Assets at time of failure
$2.3 billion
Assets at time of failure
$3.2 billion
Integra Bank, N.A.
Integra Bank, N.A.
Bank
Integra Bank, N.A.
City
Evansville
State
Indiana
Year
2011
Assets at time of failure
$2.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$3.1 billion
ANB Financial
ANB Financial
Bank
ANB Financial
City
Bentonville
State
Arkansas
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$2.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$3.1 billion
First Regional Bank
First Regional Bank
Bank
First Regional Bank
City
Los Angeles
State
California
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$2.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$3 billion
ShoreBank
ShoreBank
Bank
ShoreBank
City
Chicago
State
Illinois
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$2.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$3 billion
Silver State Bank
Silver State Bank
Bank
Silver State Bank
City
Henderson
State
Nevada
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$2.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.9 billion
New Frontier Bank
New Frontier Bank
Bank
New Frontier Bank
City
Greeley
State
Colorado
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$2.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.9 billion
Georgian Bank
Georgian Bank
Bank
Georgian Bank
City
Atlanta
State
Georgia
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$2.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.9 billion
Vineyard Bank
Vineyard Bank
Bank
Vineyard Bank
City
Rancho Cucamonga
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.9 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.8 billion
Peoples First Community Bank
Peoples First Community Bank
Bank
Peoples First Community Bank
City
Panama City
State
Florida
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.8 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.6 billion
County Bank
County Bank
Bank
County Bank
City
Merced
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.7 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.5 billion
Hillcrest Bank
Hillcrest Bank
Bank
Hillcrest Bank
City
Overland Park
State
Kansas
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.3 billion
Advanta Bank Corp.
Advanta Bank Corp.
Bank
Advanta Bank Corp.
City
Draper
State
Utah
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.3 billion
CF Bancorp
CF Bancorp
Bank
CF Bancorp
City
Port Huron
State
Michigan
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.3 billion
Mutual Bank
Mutual Bank
Bank
Mutual Bank
City
Harvey
State
Illinois
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.3 billion
Hamilton Bank
Hamilton Bank
Bank
Hamilton Bank
City
Miami
State
Florida
Year
2002
Assets at time of failure
$1.3 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.3 billion
Community Bank of Nevada
Community Bank of Nevada
Bank
Community Bank of Nevada
City
Las Vegas
State
Nevada
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.2 billion
First Bank of Beverly Hills
First Bank of Beverly Hills
Bank
First Bank of Beverly Hills
City
Calabasas
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.2 billion
Temecula Valley Bank
Temecula Valley Bank
Bank
Temecula Valley Bank
City
Temecula
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.2 billion
New South Federal Savings Bank
New South Federal Savings Bank
Bank
New South Federal Savings Bank
City
Irondale
State
Alabama
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.5 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.2 billion
Community Banks of Colorado
Community Banks of Colorado
Bank
Community Banks of Colorado
City
Greenwood Village
State
Colorado
Year
2011
Assets at time of failure
$1.4 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2 billion
Horizon Bank
Horizon Bank
Bank
Horizon Bank
City
Bellingham
State
Washington
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.3 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.9 billion
Premier Bank
Premier Bank
Bank
Premier Bank
City
Jefferson City
State
Missouri
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.7 billion
Broadway Bank
Broadway Bank
Bank
Broadway Bank
City
Chicago
State
Illinois
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.7 billion
Security Bank of Bibb County
Security Bank of Bibb County
Bank
Security Bank of Bibb County
City
Macon
State
Georgia
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.8 billion
Charter Bank
Charter Bank
Bank
Charter Bank
City
Santa Fe
State
New Mexico
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.2 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.7 billion
First National Bank of Keystone
First National Bank of Keystone
Bank
First National Bank of Keystone
City
Keystone
State
West Virginia
Year
1999
Assets at time of failure
$1.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$2.1 billion
Alliance Bank
Alliance Bank
Bank
Alliance Bank
City
Culver City
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
City Bank
City Bank
Bank
City Bank
City
Lynnwood
State
Washington
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Columbia River Bank
Columbia River Bank
Bank
Columbia River Bank
City
The Dalles
State
Oregon
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Community Bank and Trust
Community Bank and Trust
Bank
Community Bank and Trust
City
Cornelia
State
Georgia
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Integrity Bank
Integrity Bank
Bank
Integrity Bank
City
Alpharetta
State
Georgia
Year
2008
Assets at time of failure
$1.1 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.6 billion
Affinity Bank
Affinity Bank
Bank
Affinity Bank
City
Ventura
State
California
Year
2009
Assets at time of failure
$1.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.5 billion
Appalachian Community Bank
Appalachian Community Bank
Bank
Appalachian Community Bank
City
Ellijay
State
Georgia
Year
2010
Assets at time of failure
$1.0 billion
Assets at time of failure
$1.4 billion
| Bank | City | State | Year | Assets at time of failure | Ref. | |
| Nominal | Inflation-adjusted (2024) | |||||
| Washington Mutual | Seattle | Washington | 2008 | $307 billion | $448 billion | |
| First Republic Bank | San Francisco | California | 2023 | $229 billion | $229 billion | |
| Silicon Valley Bank | Santa Clara | California | 2023 | $209 billion | $209 billion | |
| Signature Bank | New York | New York | 2023 | $118 billion | $118 billion | |
| Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust | Chicago | Illinois | 1984 | billion | $121 billion | |
| First Republic Bank Corporation | Dallas | Texas | 1988 | billion | $86 billion | |
| American Savings and Loan | Stockton | California | 1988 | billion | $80 billion | |
| Bank of New England | Boston | Massachusetts | 1991 | billion | $50 billion | |
| IndyMac | Pasadena | California | 2008 | billion | $47 billion | |
| MCorp | Dallas | Texas | 1989 | billion | $47 billion | |
| Gibraltar Savings and Loan | Simi Valley | California | 1989 | billion | $38 billion | |
| Colonial Bank | Montgomery | Alabama | 2009 | billion | $37 billion | |
| First City National Bank | Houston | Texas | 1988 | billion | $35 billion | |
| HomeFed Bank | San Diego | California | 1992 | billion | $27 billion | |
| FBOP Corp banking subsidiaries | Oak Park | Illinois | 2009 | billion | $27 billion | |
| Southeast Bank | Miami | Florida | 1991 | billion | $24 billion | |
| City Federal Savings and Loan | Elizabeth | New Jersey | 1989 | billion | $25 billion | |
| Goldome | Buffalo | New York | 1991 | billion | $23 billion | |
| Imperial Federal Savings Assoc. | San Diego | California | 1990 | billion | $23 billion | |
| Franklin National Bank | New York | New York | 1974 | billion | $24 billion | |
| Great American Bank | San Diego | California | 1991 | billion | $22 billion | |
| CenTrust Bank | Miami | Florida | 1990 | billion | $20 billion | |
| Empire of America Savings | Buffalo | New York | 1990 | billion | $20 billion | |
| Guaranty Bank | Austin | Texas | 2009 | billion | $19 billion | |
| Downey Savings and Loan | Newport Beach | California | 2008 | billion | $19 billion | |
| BankUnited FSB | Coral Gables | Florida | 2009 | billion | $19 billion | |
| AmTrust Bank | Cleveland | Ohio | 2009 | billion | $18 billion | |
| WesternBank | Mayagüez | Puerto Rico | 2010 | billion | $17 billion | |
| Gibraltar Savings Association | Houston | Texas | 1988 | billion | $17 billion | |
| United Commercial Bank | San Francisco | California | 2009 | billion | $16 billion | |
| Crossland Savings Bank | Brooklyn | New York | 1992 | billion | $17 billion | |
| The Connecticut Bank & Trust Co. | Hartford | Connecticut | 1991 | billion | $17 billion | |
| MeraBank | Phoenix | Arizona | 1990 | billion | $15 billion | |
| Sunbelt Savings | Irving | Texas | 1991 | billion | $14 billion | |
| Western Savings and Loan | Phoenix | Arizona | 1989 | billion | $14 billion | |
| Columbia Savings & Loan Assn. | Beverly Hills | California | 1991 | billion | $12 billion | |
| Lincoln Savings and Loan Association | Irvine | California | 1989 | billion | $12 billion | |
| California National Bank | Los Angeles | California | 2009 | billion | billion | |
| Corus Bank | Chicago | Illinois | 2009 | billion | billion | |
| United States National Bank | San Diego | California | 1973 | billion | billion | |
| First Federal Bank of California | Santa Monica | California | 2009 | billion | billion | |
| R-G Premier Bank of Puerto Rico | Hato Rey | Puerto Rico | 2010 | billion | billion | |
| Doral Bank | San Juan | Puerto Rico | 2015 | billion | billion | |
| Franklin Bank | Houston | Texas | 2008 | billion | billion | |
| Silverton Bank | Atlanta | Georgia | 2009 | billion | $6 billion | |
| Imperial Capital Bank | La Jolla | California | 2009 | billion | billion | |
| PFF Bank & Trust | Pomona | California | 2008 | billion | billion | |
| La Jolla Bank | La Jolla | California | 2010 | billion | billion | |
References
- Barron'shttps://www.marketwatch.com/articles/svb-financial-stock-portfolio-outlook-loss-93287f3d
- "Status of Washington Mutual Bank Receivership"https://www.fdic.gov/resources/resolutions/bank-failures/failed-bank-list/wamu-settlement.html
- https://archive.fdic.gov/view/fdic/1489https://archive.fdic.gov/view/fdic/1489
- Reutershttps://www.reuters.com/article/us-washingtonmutual-jpmorgannews1/wamu-is-largest-u-s-bank-failure-idUSTRE48P05I20080926
- FDIChttps://www.fdic.gov/news/press-releases/2023/pr23034.html
- CBS MoneyWatchhttps://www.cbsnews.com/news/first-republic-bank-fdic-jpmorgan-chase-control/
- The New York Timeshttps://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/10/business/silicon-valley-bank-stock.html
- The Federal Reserve Boardhttps://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/pressreleases/monetary20230312b.htm
- Federal Reserve Historyhttps://www.federalreservehistory.org/essays/failure-of-continental-illinois
- Federal Reservehttps://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/speech/powell20130304a.htm
- The New York Timeshttps://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/03/10/business/bank-failures-silicon-valley-collapse.html
- "Colonial Bank dissolved, marking 2009's biggest bank failure"https://www.france24.com/en/20090815-colonial-bank-dissolved-marking-2009s-biggest-bank-failure-
- CBS MoneyWatchhttps://www.cbsnews.com/news/corus-seized-in-fourth-largest-bank-failure-this-year/
- The New York Timeshttps://www.nytimes.com/1973/10/22/archives/dubious-loans-led-to-banks-collapse-400million-was-lent-to-concerns.html
- Wall Street Journalhttps://www.wsj.com/articles/fdic-releases-doral-bank-failure-news-early-1425070689
- My San Antoniohttps://www.mysanantonio.com/news/local/article/Edinburg-bank-is-closed-by-the-feds-and-sold-4813375.php
- Al.comhttps://www.al.com/press-register-business/2011/04/superior_and_nexity_banks_seiz.html
- "Great Western Bank, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, Assumes All of the Deposits of TierOne Bank, Lincoln, Nebraska"https://archive.fdic.gov/view/fdic/4031