List of languages by time of extinction
Updated: 5/20/2026, 7:04:59 PM Wikipedia source
An extinct language may be narrowly defined as a language with no native speakers and no descendant languages. Under this definition, a language becomes extinct upon the death of its last native speaker, the terminal speaker. A language like Latin is not extinct in this sense, because it evolved into the modern Romance languages; it is impossible to state when Latin became extinct because there is a diachronic continuum (compare synchronic continuum) between ancestors Late Latin and Vulgar Latin on the one hand and descendants like Old French and Old Italian on the other; any cutoff date for distinguishing ancestor from descendant is arbitrary. For many languages which have become extinct in recent centuries, attestation of usage is datable in the historical record, and sometimes the terminal speaker is identifiable. In other cases, historians and historical linguists may infer an estimated date of extinction from other events in the history of the sprachraum.
Infobox
Extinct (EX)
(lists)
Critically Endangered (CR) Severely Endangered (SE) Definitely Endangered (DE) Vulnerable (VU)
(list) (list) (list) (list)
Safe (NE)
no list
Revived (RE) Constructed (CL)
(list) (list)
Tables
· List › 21st century
7 March 2026
7 March 2026
Date
7 March 2026
Language
Hupa
Language family
Na-Dene
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Verdena Parker
16 October 2025
16 October 2025
Date
16 October 2025
Language
Lekwungen dialect of North Straits Salish
Language family
Salishan
Region
British Columbia, Canada
Terminal speaker
Čeyɬəm (Elmer George)
20 September 2025
20 September 2025
Date
20 September 2025
Language
Aurê-Aurá
Language family
Tupian
Region
Maranhão, Brazil
Terminal speaker
Aurá
14 July 2025
14 July 2025
Date
14 July 2025
Language
Caddo
Language family
Caddoan
Region
Oklahoma, United States
Terminal speaker
Edmond Johnson
Notes
Under a process of revival.
by 2024
by 2024
Date
by 2024
Language
Mawes
Language family
Northwest Papuan?
Region
West Papua, Indonesia
2 May 2023
2 May 2023
Date
2 May 2023
Language
Columbia-Moses
Language family
Salishan
Region
Washington, United States
Terminal speaker
Pauline Stensgar
by 2023
by 2023
Date
by 2023
Language
Itonama
Language family
Isolate
Region
Beni Department, Bolivia
5 October 2022
5 October 2022
Date
5 October 2022
Language
Mednyj Aleut
Language family
Mixed Aleut–Russian
Region
Commander Islands, Russia
Terminal speaker
Gennady Yakovlev
19 April 2022
19 April 2022
Date
19 April 2022
Language
Quapaw
Language family
Siouan
Region
Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States
Terminal speaker
Ardina Moore
16 February 2022
16 February 2022
Date
16 February 2022
Language
Yahgan
Language family
Isolate
Region
Magallanes, Chile
Terminal speaker
Cristina Calderón
by 2022?
by 2022?
Date
by 2022?
Language
Moghol
Language family
Mongolic
Region
Herat Province, Afghanistan
25 September 2021
25 September 2021
Date
25 September 2021
Language
Wukchumni dialect of Tule-Kaweah Yokuts
Language family
Yokuts
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Marie Wilcox
27 August 2021
27 August 2021
Date
27 August 2021
Language
Yuchi
Language family
Isolate
Region
Tennessee (formerly) and Oklahoma in the United States
Terminal speaker
Maxine Wildcat Barnett
7 March 2021
7 March 2021
Date
7 March 2021
Language
Bering Aleut dialect of Aleut
Language family
Eskimo-Aleut
Region
Kamchatka Krai, Russia
Terminal speaker
Vera Timoshenko
by 2021
by 2021
Date
by 2021
Language
Warluwarra
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
Notes
Extinct by 2021
2020s
2020s
Date
2020s
Language
Dompo
Language family
Niger–Congo
Region
Brong-Ahafo region, Banda District, Ghana
2 December 2020
2 December 2020
Date
2 December 2020
Language
Tuscarora
Language family
Iroquoian
Region
North Carolina, United States
Terminal speaker
Kenneth Patterson
Notes
Under a process of revival.
4 April 2020
4 April 2020
Date
4 April 2020
Language
Aka-Cari dialect of Northern Andamanese
Language family
Great Andamanese
Region
Andaman Islands, India
Terminal speaker
Licho
23 March 2019
23 March 2019
Date
23 March 2019
Language
Ngandi
Language family
Gunwinyguan
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
Terminal speaker
C. W. Daniels
4 January 2019
4 January 2019
Date
4 January 2019
Language
Tehuelche
Language family
Chonan
Region
Patagonia, Argentina
Terminal speaker
Dora Manchado
November 2018
November 2018
Date
November 2018
Language
Sapé
Language family
Isolate
Region
Venezuela
Terminal speaker
Ramón Quimillo Lezama
2018
2018
Date
2018
Language
Patwin
Language family
Wintuan
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Bertha Wright Mitchell
Notes
Being taught in schools and learned by adults
2017
2017
Date
2017
Language
Air Matoa
Region
Etna Bay, Indonesia
by 2017
by 2017
Date
by 2017
Language
Hokkaido Ainu
Language family
Ainu
Region
Hokkaido, Japan
9 December 2016
9 December 2016
Date
9 December 2016
Language
Mandan
Language family
Siouan
Region
North Dakota, United States
Terminal speaker
Edwin Benson
30 August 2016
30 August 2016
Date
30 August 2016
Language
Wichita
Language family
Caddoan
Region
Oklahoma, United States
Terminal speaker
Doris McLemore
29 July 2016
29 July 2016
Date
29 July 2016
Language
Gugu Thaypan
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Terminal speaker
Tommy George
11 February 2016
11 February 2016
Date
11 February 2016
Language
Nuchatlaht dialect of Nuu-chah-nulth
Language family
Wakashan
Region
British Columbia, Canada
Terminal speaker
Alban Michael
4 January 2016
4 January 2016
Date
4 January 2016
Language
Whulshootseed dialect of Lushootseed
Language family
Salishan
Region
Washington, United States
Terminal speaker
Ellen Williams
by 2016
by 2016
Date
by 2016
Language
Marti Ke
Language family
Western Daly
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
Terminal speaker
Patrick Nudjulu or Agatha Perdjert
4 February 2014
4 February 2014
Date
4 February 2014
Language
Klallam
Language family
Salishan
Region
Washington, United States
Terminal speaker
Hazel Sampson
Notes
being taught as a second language on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington State
5 June 2013
5 June 2013
Date
5 June 2013
Language
Livonian
Language family
Uralic
Region
Latvia
Terminal speaker
Grizelda Kristiņa
Notes
Under a process of revival. 1 native speaker as of 2020.
26 March 2013
26 March 2013
Date
26 March 2013
Language
Yurok
Language family
Algic
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Archie Thompson
Notes
Under a process of revival.
by 2013
by 2013
Date
by 2013
Language
Demushbo
Language family
Panoan
Region
Amazon Basin, Brazil
Notes
1 speaker in 2010.
by 2013
by 2013
Date
by 2013
Language
Sabüm
Language family
Mon–Khmer
Region
Perak, Malaysia
2 October 2012
2 October 2012
Date
2 October 2012
Language
Cromarty dialect of Scots
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Northern Scotland, United Kingdom
Terminal speaker
Bobby Hogg
11 July 2012
11 July 2012
Date
11 July 2012
Language
Upper Chinook
Language family
Chinookan
Region
Oregon, United States
Terminal speaker
Gladys Thompson
10 March 2012
10 March 2012
Date
10 March 2012
Language
Holikachuk
Language family
Na-Dene
Region
Alaska, United States
Terminal speaker
Wilson "Tiny" Deacon
2012
2012
Date
2012
Language
Andoa
Language family
Zaparoan
Region
Peru
Terminal speaker
Hipólito Arahuanaza
2012
2012
Date
2012
Language
Mardijker
Language family
Portuguese-based creole
Region
Jakarta, Indonesia
Terminal speaker
Mimi Abrahams
c. 2012
c. 2012
Date
c. 2012
Language
Dhungaloo dialect of Taribelang
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Terminal speaker
Roy Hatfield
by 2012
by 2012
Date
by 2012
Language
Dura
Language family
Sino-Tibetan
Region
Nepal
Terminal speaker
Soma Devi Dura
10 April 2011
10 April 2011
Date
10 April 2011
Language
Apiaká
Language family
Tupian
Region
Mato Grosso, Brazil
Terminal speaker
Pedrinho Kamassuri
2011
2011
Date
2011
Language
Lower Arrernte
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
Terminal speaker
Brownie Doolan Perrurle
24 October 2010
24 October 2010
Date
24 October 2010
Language
Pazeh dialect of Pazeh–Kaxabu
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Taiwan
Terminal speaker
Pan Jin-yu
20 August 2010
20 August 2010
Date
20 August 2010
Language
Cochin Indo-Portuguese Creole
Language family
Portuguese-based creole
Region
Southern India
Terminal speaker
William Rozario
26 January 2010
26 January 2010
Date
26 January 2010
Language
Aka-Bo
Language family
Andamanese
Region
Andaman Islands, India
Terminal speaker
Boa Sr.
by 2010
by 2010
Date
by 2010
Language
Piru dialect of Luhu
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Maluku, Indonesia
November 2009
November 2009
Date
November 2009
Language
Aka-Kora
Language family
Andamanese
Region
Andaman Islands, India
Terminal speaker
Ms. Boro
22 February 2009
22 February 2009
Date
22 February 2009
Language
Great Andamanese koiné
Language family
Andamanese
Region
Andaman Islands, India
Terminal speaker
Nao Jr.
2009
2009
Date
2009
Language
Olrat
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Banks Islands, Vanuatu
Terminal speaker
Maten Olrat
2009
2009
Date
2009
Language
Nyawaygi
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Terminal speaker
Willie Seaton
by 2009
by 2009
Date
by 2009
Language
Papora-Hoanya
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Taiwan
30 July 2008
30 July 2008
Date
30 July 2008
Language
Tübatulabal
Language family
Uto-Aztecan
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
James Andreas
24 February 2008
24 February 2008
Date
24 February 2008
Language
Plains Apache
Language family
Na-Dene
Region
Oklahoma, United States
Terminal speaker
Alfred Chalepah Jr.
21 January 2008
21 January 2008
Date
21 January 2008
Language
Eyak
Language family
Na-Dene
Region
Alaska, United States
Terminal speaker
Marie Smith Jones
2008
2008
Date
2008
Language
Oroch
Language family
Tungusic
Region
Khabarovsk Krai, Russia
10 August 2007
10 August 2007
Date
10 August 2007
Language
Gros Ventre
Language family
Algic
Region
Montana, United States
Terminal speaker
Theresa Lamebull
2007
2007
Date
2007
Language
Northeastern Maidu
Language family
Maiduan
Region
Central California, United States
Notes
Under process of revival
by 2007
by 2007
Date
by 2007
Language
Rusenu
Language family
Trans–New Guinea?
Region
eastern East Timor
by 2007
by 2007
Date
by 2007
Language
Hpun
Language family
Sino-Tibetan
Region
Myanmar
11 July 2006
11 July 2006
Date
11 July 2006
Language
Wasco dialect of Upper Chinook
Language family
Chinookan
Region
Oregon, United States
Terminal speaker
Madeline Brunoe McInturff
2006
2006
Date
2006
Language
Omurano
Language family
Isolate
Region
Peru
Terminal speaker
Esteban Macusi
2006
2006
Date
2006
Language
Aghu Tharnggala
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
2006
2006
Date
2006
Language
Ludza dialect of South Estonian
Language family
Uralic
Region
Latvia
Terminal speaker
Nikolājs Nikonovs
by 2006
by 2006
Date
by 2006
Language
Zumaya
Language family
Afroasiatic
Region
Cameroon
Notes
Most speakers have shifted to Fula.
3 November 2005
3 November 2005
Date
3 November 2005
Language
Osage
Language family
Siouan
Region
Oklahoma, United States
Terminal speaker
Lucille Roubedeaux
Notes
being revived
2005
2005
Date
2005
Language
Berbice Creole Dutch
Language family
Dutch-based creole
Region
Guyana
Terminal speaker
Bertha Bell
2005
2005
Date
2005
Language
Kerek
Language family
Chukotko-Kamchatkan
Region
Chukotka
Terminal speaker
Ekaterina Khatkana
2005
2005
Date
2005
Language
Northern Pomo
Language family
Pomoan
Region
California, United States
by 2005
by 2005
Date
by 2005
Language
Barrow Point
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Terminal speaker
Urwunjin Roger Hart
20 September 2004
20 September 2004
Date
20 September 2004
Language
Nüshu script
Language family
unclassified
Region
Hunan, China
Terminal speaker
Yang Huanyi
2004
2004
Date
2004
Language
Umotína
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
Mato Grosso, Brazil
Terminal speaker
Julá Paré
c. 2004?
c. 2004?
Date
c. 2004?
Language
Duli-Gey
Language family
Niger-Congo
Region
Cameroon
29 December 2003
29 December 2003
Date
29 December 2003
Language
Akkala Sami
Language family
Uralic
Region
Kola Peninsula, Russia
Terminal speaker
Marja Sergina
Notes
4 rememberers persisted as of 2018.
22 November 2003
22 November 2003
Date
22 November 2003
Language
Wintu
Language family
Wintuan
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Flora Jones
14 September 2003
14 September 2003
Date
14 September 2003
Language
Klamath-Modoc
Language family
Plateau Penutian
Region
Oregon, United States
Terminal speaker
Neva Eggsman
September 2003
September 2003
Date
September 2003
Language
Garig-Ilgar
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
by 2003
by 2003
Date
by 2003
Language
Areba
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
| Date | Language | Language family | Region | Terminal speaker | Notes |
| 7 March 2026 | Hupa | Na-Dene | California, United States | Verdena Parker | |
| 16 October 2025 | Lekwungen dialect of North Straits Salish | Salishan | British Columbia, Canada | Čeyɬəm (Elmer George) | |
| 20 September 2025 | Aurê-Aurá | Tupian | Maranhão, Brazil | Aurá | |
| 14 July 2025 | Caddo | Caddoan | Oklahoma, United States | Edmond Johnson | Under a process of revival. |
| by 2024 | Mawes | Northwest Papuan? | West Papua, Indonesia | ||
| 2 May 2023 | Columbia-Moses | Salishan | Washington, United States | Pauline Stensgar | |
| by 2023 | Itonama | Isolate | Beni Department, Bolivia | ||
| 5 October 2022 | Mednyj Aleut | Mixed Aleut–Russian | Commander Islands, Russia | Gennady Yakovlev | |
| 19 April 2022 | Quapaw | Siouan | Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States | Ardina Moore | |
| 16 February 2022 | Yahgan | Isolate | Magallanes, Chile | Cristina Calderón | |
| by 2022? | Moghol | Mongolic | Herat Province, Afghanistan | ||
| 25 September 2021 | Wukchumni dialect of Tule-Kaweah Yokuts | Yokuts | California, United States | Marie Wilcox | |
| 27 August 2021 | Yuchi | Isolate | Tennessee (formerly) and Oklahoma in the United States | Maxine Wildcat Barnett | |
| 7 March 2021 | Bering Aleut dialect of Aleut | Eskimo-Aleut | Kamchatka Krai, Russia | Vera Timoshenko | |
| by 2021 | Warluwarra | Pama-Nyungan | Australia | Extinct by 2021 | |
| 2020s | Dompo | Niger–Congo | Brong-Ahafo region, Banda District, Ghana | ||
| 2 December 2020 | Tuscarora | Iroquoian | North Carolina, United States | Kenneth Patterson | Under a process of revival. |
| 4 April 2020 | Aka-Cari dialect of Northern Andamanese | Great Andamanese | Andaman Islands, India | Licho | |
| 23 March 2019 | Ngandi | Gunwinyguan | Northern Territory, Australia | C. W. Daniels | |
| 4 January 2019 | Tehuelche | Chonan | Patagonia, Argentina | Dora Manchado | |
| November 2018 | Sapé | Isolate | Venezuela | Ramón Quimillo Lezama | |
| 2018 | Patwin | Wintuan | California, United States | Bertha Wright Mitchell | Being taught in schools and learned by adults |
| 2017 | Air Matoa | Etna Bay, Indonesia | |||
| by 2017 | Hokkaido Ainu | Ainu | Hokkaido, Japan | ||
| 9 December 2016 | Mandan | Siouan | North Dakota, United States | Edwin Benson | |
| 30 August 2016 | Wichita | Caddoan | Oklahoma, United States | Doris McLemore | |
| 29 July 2016 | Gugu Thaypan | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | Tommy George | |
| 11 February 2016 | Nuchatlaht dialect of Nuu-chah-nulth | Wakashan | British Columbia, Canada | Alban Michael | |
| 4 January 2016 | Whulshootseed dialect of Lushootseed | Salishan | Washington, United States | Ellen Williams | |
| by 2016 | Marti Ke | Western Daly | Northern Territory, Australia | Patrick Nudjulu or Agatha Perdjert | |
| 4 February 2014 | Klallam | Salishan | Washington, United States | Hazel Sampson | being taught as a second language on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington State |
| 5 June 2013 | Livonian | Uralic | Latvia | Grizelda Kristiņa | Under a process of revival. 1 native speaker as of 2020. |
| 26 March 2013 | Yurok | Algic | California, United States | Archie Thompson | Under a process of revival. |
| by 2013 | Demushbo | Panoan | Amazon Basin, Brazil | 1 speaker in 2010. | |
| by 2013 | Sabüm | Mon–Khmer | Perak, Malaysia | ||
| 2 October 2012 | Cromarty dialect of Scots | Indo-European | Northern Scotland, United Kingdom | Bobby Hogg | |
| 11 July 2012 | Upper Chinook | Chinookan | Oregon, United States | Gladys Thompson | |
| 10 March 2012 | Holikachuk | Na-Dene | Alaska, United States | Wilson "Tiny" Deacon | |
| 2012 | Andoa | Zaparoan | Peru | Hipólito Arahuanaza | |
| 2012 | Mardijker | Portuguese-based creole | Jakarta, Indonesia | Mimi Abrahams | |
| c. 2012 | Dhungaloo dialect of Taribelang | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | Roy Hatfield | |
| by 2012 | Dura | Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | Soma Devi Dura | |
| 10 April 2011 | Apiaká | Tupian | Mato Grosso, Brazil | Pedrinho Kamassuri | |
| 2011 | Lower Arrernte | Pama-Nyungan | Northern Territory, Australia | Brownie Doolan Perrurle | |
| 24 October 2010 | Pazeh dialect of Pazeh–Kaxabu | Austronesian | Taiwan | Pan Jin-yu | |
| 20 August 2010 | Cochin Indo-Portuguese Creole | Portuguese-based creole | Southern India | William Rozario | |
| 26 January 2010 | Aka-Bo | Andamanese | Andaman Islands, India | Boa Sr. | |
| by 2010 | Piru dialect of Luhu | Austronesian | Maluku, Indonesia | ||
| November 2009 | Aka-Kora | Andamanese | Andaman Islands, India | Ms. Boro |
· List › 20th century
20th–21st century (?)
20th–21st century (?)
Date
20th–21st century (?)
Language
or dialect
Ayabadhu
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
20th–21st century (?)
20th–21st century (?)
Date
20th–21st century (?)
Language
or dialect
Adithinngithigh
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
20th–21st century (?)
20th–21st century (?)
Date
20th–21st century (?)
Language
or dialect
Arritinngithigh
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
1980–2000
1980–2000
Date
1980–2000
Language
or dialect
Tepecano
Language family
Uto-Aztecan
Region
Central Mexico
Terminal speaker
Lino de la Rosa
Notes
Last known speaker was alive in 1980
1999
1999
Date
1999
Language
or dialect
Nyulnyul
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
Terminal speaker
Carmel Charles
1998
1998
Date
1998
Language
or dialect
Mlahsô
Language family
Afroasiatic
Region
Syria; Turkey
Terminal speaker
Ibrahim Hanna
by 1998
by 1998
Date
by 1998
Language
or dialect
Skepi Creole Dutch
Language family
Dutch-based creole
Region
Guyana
1997–98
1997–98
Date
1997–98
Language
or dialect
Ngarnka
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
after 1997
after 1997
Date
after 1997
Language
or dialect
Aribwatsa
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Papua New Guinea
Terminal speaker
Butoawê
January 1997
January 1997
Date
January 1997
Language
or dialect
Sireniki Yupik
Language family
Eskimo–Aleut
Region
Chukotka Peninsula, Russia
Terminal speaker
Valentina Wye
1997
1997
Date
1997
Language
or dialect
Guazacapán Xinca
Language family
Xincan
Region
Santa Rosa, Guatemala
Notes
1 semispeaker
1997
1997
Date
1997
Language
or dialect
Jumaytepeque Xinca
Language family
Xincan
Region
By Volcán Jumaytepeque, Guatemala
after 1996
after 1996
Date
after 1996
Language
or dialect
Hibito
Language family
Hibito–Cholon
Region
Bobonaje River Valley
Terminal speaker
Natividad Grández del Castillo
c. 1996 (?)
c. 1996 (?)
Date
c. 1996 (?)
Language
or dialect
Malaryan
Language family
Dravidian
Region
Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India
16 December 1996
16 December 1996
Date
16 December 1996
Language
or dialect
Chiwere
Language family
Siouan
Region
Oklahoma and Kansas, United States
Terminal speaker
Truman Washington Dailey
by 1996
by 1996
Date
by 1996
Language
or dialect
Chiquimulilla Xinca
Language family
Xincan
Region
Chiquimulilla, Guatemala
Notes
The last semi-speaker Julian de la Cruz died in 1996.
by 1996
by 1996
Date
by 1996
Language
or dialect
Katabaga
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Philippines
by 1996
by 1996
Date
by 1996
Language
or dialect
Palumata
Language family
Austronesian?
Region
Maluku, Indonesia
by 1996
by 1996
Date
by 1996
Language
or dialect
Seru
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Sarawak, Malaysia
5 November 1995
5 November 1995
Date
5 November 1995
Language
or dialect
Kasabe
Language family
Niger–Congo
Region
Cameroon
Terminal speaker
Bogon
6 August 1995
6 August 1995
Date
6 August 1995
Language
or dialect
Martuthunira
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Western Australia
Terminal speaker
Algy Paterson
by 1995
by 1995
Date
by 1995
Language
or dialect
Mandawaca
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Venezuela, Brazil
late 1990s
late 1990s
Date
late 1990s
Language
or dialect
Munichi
Language family
Isolate
Region
Loreto Region, Peru
Terminal speaker
Victoria Huancho Icahuate
after 1994
after 1994
Date
after 1994
Language
or dialect
Lachoudisch
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Schopfloch, Bavaria
16 May 1994
16 May 1994
Date
16 May 1994
Language
or dialect
Luiseño
Language family
Uto-Aztecan
Region
Southern California
Terminal speaker
Villiana Calac Hyde
Notes
A revitalization process is happening.
30 April 1994
30 April 1994
Date
30 April 1994
Language
or dialect
Sakhalin Ainu
Language family
Ainu languages
Region
Japan
Terminal speaker
Take Asai
by 1994
by 1994
Date
by 1994
Language
or dialect
Burduna
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Western Australia
by 1994
by 1994
Date
by 1994
Language
or dialect
Ngunnawal
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
New South Wales, Australia
Notes
being revived
13 July 1993
13 July 1993
Date
13 July 1993
Language
or dialect
Eastern Abnaki
Language family
Algic
Region
Maine, United States
Terminal speaker
Madeline Shay
1993
1993
Date
1993
Language
or dialect
Cholón
Language family
Hibito–Cholon
Region
Huallaga River valley, Peru
Terminal speaker
Victoria Cerquera Ojeda
Notes
A few semispeakers remain.
7 October 1992
7 October 1992
Date
7 October 1992
Language
or dialect
Ubykh
Language family
Northwest Caucasian
Region
Balıkesir Province, Turkey
Terminal speaker
Tevfik Esenç
23 February 1991
23 February 1991
Date
23 February 1991
Language
or dialect
Roncalese (Erronkariko) dialect of Basque
Language family
Isolate
Region
Spain
Terminal speaker
Fidela Bernat
1991
1991
Date
1991
Language
or dialect
Ullatan
Language family
Dravidian
Region
India
30 July 1990
30 July 1990
Date
30 July 1990
Language
or dialect
Wappo
Language family
Yuki–Wappo
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Laura Fish Somersal
early 1990s
early 1990s
Date
early 1990s
Language
or dialect
Hermit
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Manus Province, Papua New Guinea
Notes
It has been mostly replaced by Seimat.
c. 1990s
c. 1990s
Date
c. 1990s
Language
or dialect
Inku
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Afghanistan
c. 1990s
c. 1990s
Date
c. 1990s
Language
or dialect
Lumaete dialect of Kayeli
Language family
Austronesian
Region
central Maluku, Indonesia
1990s
1990s
Date
1990s
Language
or dialect
Taman
Language family
Sino-Tibetan
Region
Myanmar
c. 1990s
c. 1990s
Date
c. 1990s
Language
or dialect
Unggumi
Language family
Worrorra
Region
Australia
Terminal speaker
Morndi Munro
1990s?
1990s?
Date
1990s?
Language
or dialect
Berti
Language family
Saharan
Region
Dafur and Kordofan, Sudan
20 September 1989
20 September 1989
Date
20 September 1989
Language
or dialect
Kamas
Language family
Uralic
Region
Sayan Mountains, Soviet Union
Terminal speaker
Klavdiya Plotnikova
March 1989
March 1989
Date
March 1989
Language
or dialect
Leliali dialect of Kayeli
Language family
Austronesian
Region
central Maluku, Indonesia
after 1989
after 1989
Date
after 1989
Language
or dialect
Hukumina
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Maluku, Indonesia
1989
1989
Date
1989
Language
or dialect
Miami-Illinois
Language family
Algic
Region
along the Mississippi River, United States
Notes
at least 500 users in 2016
1989
1989
Date
1989
Language
or dialect
Kungarakany
Language family
Gunwinyguan
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
Terminal speaker
Madeline England
16 September 1988
16 September 1988
Date
16 September 1988
Language
or dialect
Atsugewi
Language family
Palaihnihan
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Medie Webster
1988
1988
Date
1988
Language
or dialect
ǁXegwi
Language family
Tuu
Region
South Africa
Terminal speaker
Jopi Mabinda
1980s
1980s
Date
1980s
Language
or dialect
Bidyara
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
after 1987
after 1987
Date
after 1987
Language
or dialect
Hoti
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Seram, Indonesia
c. 1987
c. 1987
Date
c. 1987
Language
or dialect
Laua
Language family
Trans-New Guinea
Region
Papua New Guinea
4 February 1987
4 February 1987
Date
4 February 1987
Language
or dialect
Cupeño
Language family
Uto-Aztecan
Region
California, United States
Terminal speaker
Roscinda Nolásquez
1987
1987
Date
1987
Language
or dialect
Dyangadi
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
New South Wales, Australia
Notes
137 speakers in 2021 census.
1987
1987
Date
1987
Language
or dialect
Negerhollands
Language family
Dutch-based creole
Region
U . Virgin Islands
Terminal speaker
Alice Stevens
by 1987
by 1987
Date
by 1987
Language
or dialect
Basa-Gumna
Language family
Niger-Congo
Region
Niger State/Plateau State, Nigeria
by 1987
by 1987
Date
by 1987
Language
or dialect
Yugambal
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
after 1986
after 1986
Date
after 1986
Language
or dialect
Bikya
Language family
Niger-Congo
Region
Cameroon
after 1986
after 1986
Date
after 1986
Language
or dialect
Bishuo
Language family
Niger-Congo
Region
Cameroon
April 1986
April 1986
Date
April 1986
Language
or dialect
Jiwarli dialect, Mantharta
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
Terminal speaker
Jack Butler
1986
1986
Date
1986
Language
or dialect
Mangala
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Western Australia
1986
1986
Date
1986
Language
or dialect
Volow
Language family
Austronesian
Region
Vanuatu
Terminal speaker
Wanhan
late 1980s to early 1990s
late 1980s to early 1990s
Date
late 1980s to early 1990s
Language
or dialect
Cahuarano
Language family
Zaparoan
Region
Along the Nanay River in Peru.
18 March 1984
18 March 1984
Date
18 March 1984
Language
or dialect
Deeside dialect, Scottish Gaelic
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Scotland
Terminal speaker
Jean Bain
1984
1984
Date
1984
Language
or dialect
Yavitero
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Venezuela
February 1983
February 1983
Date
February 1983
Language
or dialect
Antrim Irish
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Ireland
Terminal speaker
Séamus Bhriain Mac Amhlaig
c. 1983
c. 1983
Date
c. 1983
Language
or dialect
Yangman
Language family
Australian (Wardaman isolate)
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
after 1982
after 1982
Date
after 1982
Language
or dialect
Tutelo
Language family
Siouan
Region
Virginia, United States
Terminal speaker
Albert Green
June 1982
June 1982
Date
June 1982
Language
or dialect
Kansa
Language family
Siouan
Region
Oklahoma, United States
Terminal speaker
Ralph Pepper
1982
1982
Date
1982
Language
or dialect
Bala
Language family
Tungusic
Region
Zhangguangcai Range
1982
1982
Date
1982
Language
or dialect
Dagoman
Language family
Australian
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
Terminal speaker
Martha Hart
by 1982
by 1982
Date
by 1982
Language
or dialect
Dyugun
Language family
Australian
Region
Western Australia
by 1982
by 1982
Date
by 1982
Language
or dialect
Kato
Language family
Na-Dene
Region
California, United States
after 1981
after 1981
Date
after 1981
Language
or dialect
Dirari
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
South Australia
after 1981
after 1981
Date
after 1981
Language
or dialect
Dyaberdyaber
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Western Australia
after 1981
after 1981
Date
after 1981
Language
or dialect
Erre
Language family
Australian
Region
Northern Territory, Australia
after 1981
after 1981
Date
after 1981
Language
or dialect
Yawarawarga
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland and South Australia
c. 1981
c. 1981
Date
c. 1981
Language
or dialect
Ternateño
Language family
Portuguese Creole
Region
Maluku, Indonesia
1 May 1981
1 May 1981
Date
1 May 1981
Language
or dialect
Pitta Pitta
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Notes
with the deaths of Ivy Nardoo of Boulia
1981
1981
Date
1981
Language
or dialect
Nagarchal
Language family
Dravidian?
Region
India
Notes
unattested
1981
1981
Date
1981
Language
or dialect
Warrungu
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Terminal speaker
Alf Palmer
| Date | Language or dialect | Language family | Region | Terminal speaker | Notes |
| 20th–21st century (?) | Ayabadhu | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | ||
| 20th–21st century (?) | Adithinngithigh | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | ||
| 20th–21st century (?) | Arritinngithigh | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | ||
| 1980–2000 | Tepecano | Uto-Aztecan | Central Mexico | Lino de la Rosa | Last known speaker was alive in 1980 |
| 1999 | Nyulnyul | Pama-Nyungan | Australia | Carmel Charles | |
| 1998 | Mlahsô | Afroasiatic | Syria; Turkey | Ibrahim Hanna | |
| by 1998 | Skepi Creole Dutch | Dutch-based creole | Guyana | ||
| 1997–98 | Ngarnka | Pama-Nyungan | Australia | ||
| after 1997 | Aribwatsa | Austronesian | Papua New Guinea | Butoawê | |
| January 1997 | Sireniki Yupik | Eskimo–Aleut | Chukotka Peninsula, Russia | Valentina Wye | |
| 1997 | Guazacapán Xinca | Xincan | Santa Rosa, Guatemala | 1 semispeaker | |
| 1997 | Jumaytepeque Xinca | Xincan | By Volcán Jumaytepeque, Guatemala | ||
| after 1996 | Hibito | Hibito–Cholon | Bobonaje River Valley | Natividad Grández del Castillo | |
| c. 1996 (?) | Malaryan | Dravidian | Kerala and Tamil Nadu, India | ||
| 16 December 1996 | Chiwere | Siouan | Oklahoma and Kansas, United States | Truman Washington Dailey | |
| by 1996 | Chiquimulilla Xinca | Xincan | Chiquimulilla, Guatemala | The last semi-speaker Julian de la Cruz died in 1996. | |
| by 1996 | Katabaga | Austronesian | Philippines | ||
| by 1996 | Palumata | Austronesian? | Maluku, Indonesia | ||
| by 1996 | Seru | Austronesian | Sarawak, Malaysia | ||
| 5 November 1995 | Kasabe | Niger–Congo | Cameroon | Bogon | |
| 6 August 1995 | Martuthunira | Pama-Nyungan | Western Australia | Algy Paterson | |
| by 1995 | Mandawaca | Arawakan | Venezuela, Brazil | ||
| late 1990s | Munichi | Isolate | Loreto Region, Peru | Victoria Huancho Icahuate | |
| after 1994 | Lachoudisch | Indo-European | Schopfloch, Bavaria | ||
| 16 May 1994 | Luiseño | Uto-Aztecan | Southern California | Villiana Calac Hyde | A revitalization process is happening. |
| 30 April 1994 | Sakhalin Ainu | Ainu languages | Japan | Take Asai | |
| by 1994 | Burduna | Pama-Nyungan | Western Australia | ||
| by 1994 | Ngunnawal | Pama-Nyungan | New South Wales, Australia | being revived | |
| 13 July 1993 | Eastern Abnaki | Algic | Maine, United States | Madeline Shay | |
| 1993 | Cholón | Hibito–Cholon | Huallaga River valley, Peru | Victoria Cerquera Ojeda | A few semispeakers remain. |
| 7 October 1992 | Ubykh | Northwest Caucasian | Balıkesir Province, Turkey | Tevfik Esenç | |
| 23 February 1991 | Roncalese (Erronkariko) dialect of Basque | Isolate | Spain | Fidela Bernat | |
| 1991 | Ullatan | Dravidian | India | ||
| 30 July 1990 | Wappo | Yuki–Wappo | California, United States | Laura Fish Somersal | |
| early 1990s | Hermit | Austronesian | Manus Province, Papua New Guinea | It has been mostly replaced by Seimat. | |
| c. 1990s | Inku | Indo-European | Afghanistan | ||
| c. 1990s | Lumaete dialect of Kayeli | Austronesian | central Maluku, Indonesia | ||
| 1990s | Taman | Sino-Tibetan | Myanmar | ||
| c. 1990s | Unggumi | Worrorra | Australia | Morndi Munro | |
| 1990s? | Berti | Saharan | Dafur and Kordofan, Sudan | ||
| 20 September 1989 | Kamas | Uralic | Sayan Mountains, Soviet Union | Klavdiya Plotnikova | |
| March 1989 | Leliali dialect of Kayeli | Austronesian | central Maluku, Indonesia | ||
| after 1989 | Hukumina | Austronesian | Maluku, Indonesia | ||
| 1989 | Miami-Illinois | Algic | along the Mississippi River, United States | at least 500 users in 2016 | |
| 1989 | Kungarakany | Gunwinyguan | Northern Territory, Australia | Madeline England | |
| 16 September 1988 | Atsugewi | Palaihnihan | California, United States | Medie Webster | |
| 1988 | ǁXegwi | Tuu | South Africa | Jopi Mabinda | |
| 1980s | Bidyara | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | ||
| after 1987 | Hoti | Austronesian | Seram, Indonesia |
· List › 19th century
after 19th century
after 19th century
Date
after 19th century
Language
Wiriná
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Brazil
19th–20th century
19th–20th century
Date
19th–20th century
Language
Yuri
Language family
Ticuna-Yuri
Region
Along the Caquetá River.
Notes
May have developed into Carabayo.
19th–20th century
19th–20th century
Date
19th–20th century
Language
Eora/Dharug
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland and New South Wales, Australia
Notes
Being revived
later 19th century (?)
later 19th century (?)
Date
later 19th century (?)
Language
Mbara
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Adai
Language family
Isolate
Region
Louisiana, United States
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Purí
Language family
Isolate (Purian)
Region
southeastern Brazil
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Coroado Purí dialect of Puri
Language family
Isolate (Purian)
Region
southeastern Brazil
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Istrian Albanian
Language family
Albanian
Region
Croatia
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Shebaya
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Trinidad
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Chuvan
Language family
Yukaghir
Region
Anadyr basin of Chukotka in Russia
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Aruã
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Marajó
late 19th century
late 19th century
Date
late 19th century
Language
Quiripi
Language family
Algic
Region
Connecticut/New York/New Jersey, United States
after 1899
after 1899
Date
after 1899
Language
Nawathinehena
Language family
Algic
Region
Oklahoma and Wyoming, United States
by 1899
by 1899
Date
by 1899
Language
Ahom
Language family
Tai
Region
India
by 1899
by 1899
Date
by 1899
Language
Waling
Language family
Sino-Tibetan
Region
Nepal
10 June 1898
10 June 1898
Date
10 June 1898
Language
Dalmatian
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Croatia; Montenegro
Notes
with the death of Tuone Udaina.
after 1892
after 1892
Date
after 1892
Language
Awabakal
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
after 1886
after 1886
Date
after 1886
Language
Maritsauá
Language family
Tupian
Region
Mato Grosso, Brazil
Notes
Word list was made in 1884 during the Xingú river expedition.
after 1886
after 1886
Date
after 1886
Language
Solteco Zapotec
Language family
Oto-Manguean
Region
Oaxaca, Mexico
after 1886
after 1886
Date
after 1886
Language
Cotoname
Language family
Isolate
Region
Mexico; Texas, United States
after 1886
after 1886
Date
after 1886
Language
Yanda
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Queensland, Australia
Notes
Only documentation was made in 1886.
after 1884
after 1884
Date
after 1884
Language
Yaquina dialect of Alsea
Language family
Isolate (Alsean)
Region
Oregon, United States
by 1884
by 1884
Date
by 1884
Language
Chapacura
Language family
Chapacuran
Region
Bolivia
after 1880
after 1880
Date
after 1880
Language
Kenaboi
Language family
unclassified (isolate?)
Region
Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
c. 1880
c. 1880
Date
c. 1880
Language
Auregnais
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Alderney, United Kingdom
1877
1877
Date
1877
Language
Aruá
Language family
Arauan
Region
Brazil
8 May 1876
8 May 1876
Date
8 May 1876
Language
Bruny Island
Language family
Eastern Tasmanian (Tasmanian)
Region
Tasmania, Australia
Notes
with the death of Truganini
1870s
1870s
Date
1870s
Language
Boanarí
Language family
Cariban
Region
Amazonas, Brazil
Notes
Only documentation was published in 1875.
mid-1870s
mid-1870s
Date
mid-1870s
Language
Yola
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Wexford, Ireland
1870s–1890s
1870s–1890s
Date
1870s–1890s
Language
Yokohamese
Language family
Japanese based pidgin
Region
Yokohama
1864
1864
Date
1864
Language
Xakriabá
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
Minas Gerais state, Brazil
after 1862
after 1862
Date
after 1862
Language
Malalí
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
Minas Gerais, Brazil
Notes
There were 30 Malalí people in 1862.
1862
1862
Date
1862
Language
Caquetio
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Aruba
Notes
with the death of Nicolaas Pyclas
after 1858
after 1858
Date
after 1858
Language
Karankawa
Language family
unclassified
Region
Texas, United States
Notes
concurrent with the extermination of the tribe at the hands of Juan Cortina
c. 1857
c. 1857
Date
c. 1857
Language
Woiwurrung–Taungurung
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Victoria, Australia
26 December 1856
26 December 1856
Date
26 December 1856
Language
Nanticoke
Language family
Algic
Region
Delaware and Maryland, United States
Notes
with the death of Lydia Clark
12 January 1855
12 January 1855
Date
12 January 1855
Language
Wampanoag
Language family
Algic
Region
Massachusetts, United States
Notes
Nantucket Wampanoag disappeared with the death of Dorcas Honorable
after 1853
after 1853
Date
after 1853
Language
Samaritan
Language family
Afroasiatic
Region
West Bank, Palestine/Israel
Notes
Still used as a liturgical language
19 October 1853
19 October 1853
Date
19 October 1853
Language
Nicoleño
Language family
Uto-Aztecan
Region
California, United States
Notes
with the death of Juana Maria
after 1851
after 1851
Date
after 1851
Language
Wainumá-Mariaté
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Amazonas, Colombia
Notes
A word list was collected by Alfred Russel Wallace in 1851.
c. 1850
c. 1850
Date
c. 1850
Language
Norn
Language family
Indo-European
Region
Northern Isles, United Kingdom
Notes
with the death of Walter Sutherland
mid-19th century
mid-19th century
Date
mid-19th century
Language
Shinnecock
Language family
Algic
Region
New York, United States
mid-19th century
mid-19th century
Date
mid-19th century
Language
Betoi
Language family
Betoi-Saliban?
Region
Orinoco Llanos
mid-19th century
mid-19th century
Date
mid-19th century
Language
Jaikó
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
southeastern Piauí
c. 1850s
c. 1850s
Date
c. 1850s
Language
Kott
Language family
Yeniseian
Region
central Siberia, Russia
c. 1840s
c. 1840s
Date
c. 1840s
Language
Mator
Language family
Uralic
Region
Sayan Mountains, Russia
after 1840s
after 1840s
Date
after 1840s
Language
Bororo of Cabaçal
Language family
Macro-Jê languages
Region
Mato Grosso, Brazil
after 1839
after 1839
Date
after 1839
Language
Gulidjan
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Victoria, Australia
1838
1838
Date
1838
Language
Nottoway
Language family
Iroquoian
Region
Virginia, United States
Notes
with the death of Edith Turner
after 1836
after 1836
Date
after 1836
Language
Wathawurrung
Language family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Victoria, Australia
after 1835
after 1835
Date
after 1835
Language
Pali
Language family
Indo-European
Region
India; Myanmar
after 1833
after 1833
Date
after 1833
Language
Esselen
Language family
Isolate
Region
California, United States
after 1833
after 1833
Date
after 1833
Language
Cararí
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Mucuim River, Amazonas, Brazil
Notes
A word list was collected by Johann Natterer in 1833.
after 1832
after 1832
Date
after 1832
Language
Charrúa
Language family
Charruan
Region
Entre Ríos Province and Uruguay
after 1832
after 1832
Date
after 1832
Language
Güenoa
Language family
Charruan
Region
Entre Ríos Province and Uruguay
after 1832
after 1832
Date
after 1832
Language
Aroaqui
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Lower Rio Negro Brazil
Notes
A word list was collected by Johann Natterer in 1832.
after 1832
after 1832
Date
after 1832
Language
Parawana
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Lower Branco River Brazil
Notes
A word list was collected by Johann Natterer in 1832.
after 1831
after 1831
Date
after 1831
Language
Mepuri
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Amazonas, Brazil
Notes
A word list was collected by Johann Natterer in 1831.
after 1831
after 1831
Date
after 1831
Language
Mainatari
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Siapa River (Orinoco basin) Venezuela
Notes
A word list was collected by Johann Natterer in 1831.
6 June 1829
6 June 1829
Date
6 June 1829
Language
Beothuk
Language family
unclassified (Algic disputed)
Region
Newfoundland, Canada
Notes
with the death of Shanawdithit
after 1828
after 1828
Date
after 1828
Language
Comecrudo
Language family
Comecrudan
Region
Mexico; Texas, United States
after 1828
after 1828
Date
after 1828
Language
Garza
Language family
Comecrudan
Region
Mexico
after 1828
after 1828
Date
after 1828
Language
Mamulique
Language family
Comecrudan
Region
Nuevo León, Mexico
c. 1827
c. 1827
Date
c. 1827
Language
Pimenteira
Language family
Cariban
Region
South America
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the 1810s
after 1824
after 1824
Date
after 1824
Language
Amarizana
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Meta Department, Colombia
after 1821
after 1821
Date
after 1821
Language
Karkin
Language family
Utian
Region
California, United States
after 1821
after 1821
Date
after 1821
Language
Omok
Language family
Yukaghir
Region
Sakha and Magadan in Russia
1820s–1830s
1820s–1830s
Date
1820s–1830s
Language
Acroá
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
Bahia, Brazil
after 1819
after 1819
Date
after 1819
Language
Peerapper
Language family
Tasmanian
Region
Tasmania, Australia
after 1818
after 1818
Date
after 1818
Language
Kamurú
Language family
Kariri
Region
Eastern Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in 1818
after 1818
after 1818
Date
after 1818
Language
Sabujá
Language family
Kariri
Region
Bahia, Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in 1818
after 1818
after 1818
Date
after 1818
Language
Koropó
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
Minas Gerais, Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the 1810s
after c. 1810s
after c. 1810s
Date
after c. 1810s
Language
Kotoxó
Language family
Macro-Jê
Region
Bahia, Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the 1810s
after c. 1810s
after c. 1810s
Date
after c. 1810s
Language
Arakajú
Language family
Cariban
Region
Pará, Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the 1810s
after c. 1810s
after c. 1810s
Date
after c. 1810s
Language
Kariaí
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Roraima, Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the 1810s
after c. 1810s
after c. 1810s
Date
after c. 1810s
Language
Andoquero
Language family
Witotoan
Region
Colombia
after c. 1810s
after c. 1810s
Date
after c. 1810s
Language
Waraikú
Language family
Arawakan
Region
Brazil
Notes
recorded by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in the 1810s
after 1815
after 1815
Date
after 1815
Language
Tambora
Language family
unclassified (Papuan)
Region
Sumbawa
Notes
following the 1815 eruption of Mount Tambora.
after 1808
after 1808
Date
after 1808
Language
Nuennone
Language family
Tasmanian
Region
Tasmania, Australia
| Date | Language | Language family | Region | Notes |
| after 19th century | Wiriná | Arawakan | Brazil | |
| 19th–20th century | Yuri | Ticuna-Yuri | Along the Caquetá River. | May have developed into Carabayo. |
| 19th–20th century | Eora/Dharug | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland and New South Wales, Australia | Being revived |
| later 19th century (?) | Mbara | Pama-Nyungan | Australia | |
| late 19th century | Adai | Isolate | Louisiana, United States | |
| late 19th century | Purí | Isolate (Purian) | southeastern Brazil | |
| late 19th century | Coroado Purí dialect of Puri | Isolate (Purian) | southeastern Brazil | |
| late 19th century | Istrian Albanian | Albanian | Croatia | |
| late 19th century | Shebaya | Arawakan | Trinidad | |
| late 19th century | Chuvan | Yukaghir | Anadyr basin of Chukotka in Russia | |
| late 19th century | Aruã | Arawakan | Marajó | |
| late 19th century | Quiripi | Algic | Connecticut/New York/New Jersey, United States | |
| after 1899 | Nawathinehena | Algic | Oklahoma and Wyoming, United States | |
| by 1899 | Ahom | Tai | India | |
| by 1899 | Waling | Sino-Tibetan | Nepal | |
| 10 June 1898 | Dalmatian | Indo-European | Croatia; Montenegro | with the death of Tuone Udaina. |
| after 1892 | Awabakal | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | |
| after 1886 | Maritsauá | Tupian | Mato Grosso, Brazil | Word list was made in 1884 during the Xingú river expedition. |
| after 1886 | Solteco Zapotec | Oto-Manguean | Oaxaca, Mexico | |
| after 1886 | Cotoname | Isolate | Mexico; Texas, United States | |
| after 1886 | Yanda | Pama-Nyungan | Queensland, Australia | Only documentation was made in 1886. |
| after 1884 | Yaquina dialect of Alsea | Isolate (Alsean) | Oregon, United States | |
| by 1884 | Chapacura | Chapacuran | Bolivia | |
| after 1880 | Kenaboi | unclassified (isolate?) | Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia | |
| c. 1880 | Auregnais | Indo-European | Alderney, United Kingdom | |
| 1877 | Aruá | Arauan | Brazil | |
| 8 May 1876 | Bruny Island | Eastern Tasmanian (Tasmanian) | Tasmania, Australia | with the death of Truganini |
| 1870s | Boanarí | Cariban | Amazonas, Brazil | Only documentation was published in 1875. |
| mid-1870s | Yola | Indo-European | Wexford, Ireland | |
| 1870s–1890s | Yokohamese | Japanese based pidgin | Yokohama | |
| 1864 | Xakriabá | Macro-Jê | Minas Gerais state, Brazil | |
| after 1862 | Malalí | Macro-Jê | Minas Gerais, Brazil | There were 30 Malalí people in 1862. |
| 1862 | Caquetio | Arawakan | Aruba | with the death of Nicolaas Pyclas |
| after 1858 | Karankawa | unclassified | Texas, United States | concurrent with the extermination of the tribe at the hands of Juan Cortina |
| c. 1857 | Woiwurrung–Taungurung | Pama-Nyungan | Victoria, Australia | |
| 26 December 1856 | Nanticoke | Algic | Delaware and Maryland, United States | with the death of Lydia Clark |
| 12 January 1855 | Wampanoag | Algic | Massachusetts, United States | Nantucket Wampanoag disappeared with the death of Dorcas Honorable |
| after 1853 | Samaritan | Afroasiatic | West Bank, Palestine/Israel | Still used as a liturgical language |
| 19 October 1853 | Nicoleño | Uto-Aztecan | California, United States | with the death of Juana Maria |
| after 1851 | Wainumá-Mariaté | Arawakan | Amazonas, Colombia | A word list was collected by Alfred Russel Wallace in 1851. |
| c. 1850 | Norn | Indo-European | Northern Isles, United Kingdom | with the death of Walter Sutherland |
| mid-19th century | Shinnecock | Algic | New York, United States | |
| mid-19th century | Betoi | Betoi-Saliban? | Orinoco Llanos | |
| mid-19th century | Jaikó | Macro-Jê | southeastern Piauí | |
| c. 1850s | Kott | Yeniseian | central Siberia, Russia | |
| c. 1840s | Mator | Uralic | Sayan Mountains, Russia | |
| after 1840s | Bororo of Cabaçal | Macro-Jê languages | Mato Grosso, Brazil | |
| after 1839 | Gulidjan | Pama-Nyungan | Victoria, Australia | |
| 1838 | Nottoway | Iroquoian | Virginia, United States | with the death of Edith Turner |
References
- Last surviving native speaker.
- Last surviving native speaker; some children still learn it as a second language.
- Brother of Lenape traditionalist and language preservation activist Nora Thompson Dean
- The last full-blooded Selkʼnam Indian, but some have suggested certain people remained fluent in the language until the
- Last attested speaker of a Chumashan language
- Last member of the Yahi, the last surviving group of the Yana people who spoke Yana
- Considered to be the last fluent speaker of a Tasmanian language.
- Considered to be the last full-blood speaker of a Tasmanian language; however, Fanny Cochrane Smith, who spoke one of th
- Possibly the last fluent native speaker of the Cornish language, was monoglot until her twenties. See Last speaker of th
- Last person known to speak, read, and write in Khitan.
- Hoopa Valley Tribehttps://www.hoopa-nsn.gov/family-statement-announcing-the-passing-of-verdena-leona-chase-parker/
- Esquimalt Nationhttps://esquimaltnation.ca/language/
- G1https://g1.globo.com/ma/maranhao/noticia/2025/09/25/morre-aos-77-anos-aura-considerado-ultimo-sobrevivente-de-povo-indigena-do-maranhao.ghtml
- Agência Brasilhttps://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/radioagencia-nacional/direitos-humanos/audio/2025-09/funai-confirma-morte-de-ultimo-indigena-de-etnia-desconhecida
- KOCO Newshttps://www.koco.com/article/caddo-nation-mourns-loss-last-fluent-language-speaker-edmond-johnson/65429206
- Jakarta Globehttps://jakartaglobe.id/news/11-indigenous-languages-declared-extinct-education-ministry#:~:text=Muksin%20specifically%20mentioned%2011%20extinct,in%20different%20areas%20of%20Maluku.
- The Jakarta Posthttps://www.thejakartapost.com/indonesia/2024/02/22/four-papuan-languages-extinct-linguist-says.html
- The Spokesmanhttps://www.spokesman.com/stories/2023/may/05/last-fluent-speaker-of-nxamxcin-language-dies-at-9/
- Language Isolates I: Aikanã to Kandozi-Shaprahttps://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110419405-011/html
- RadioFreeEuropehttps://www.rferl.org/a/russia-last-aleut-speaker-dies/32066540.html