List of interface bit rates
Updated: 11/6/2025, 1:55:29 AM Wikipedia source
This is a list of interface bit rates, a measure of information transfer rates, or digital bandwidth capacity, at which digital interfaces in a computer or network can communicate over various kinds of buses and channels. The distinction can be arbitrary between a computer bus, often closer in space, and larger telecommunications networks. Many device interfaces or protocols (e.g., SATA, USB, SAS, PCIe) are used both inside many-device boxes, such as a PC, and one-device-boxes, such as a hard drive enclosure. Accordingly, this page lists both the internal ribbon and external communications cable standards together in one sortable table.
Tables
· Bandwidths › Historical
Smoke signals
Smoke signals
Technology
Smoke signals
Max. rate
millibits/s
Year
throughout history
Morse code (skilled operator)
Morse code (skilled operator)
Technology
Morse code (skilled operator)
Max. rate
21 bits/s
Rate ex. overhead
4 characters per second (cps) (~40 wpm)
Year
1844
Normal human speech
Normal human speech
Technology
Normal human speech
Max. rate
39 bits/s
Year
prehistoric
| Technology | Max. rate | Rate ex. overhead | Year |
| Smoke signals | millibits/s | throughout history | |
| Morse code (skilled operator) | 21 bits/s | 4 characters per second (cps) (~40 wpm) | 1844 |
| Normal human speech | 39 bits/s | prehistoric |
· Bandwidths › Radio clock
IRIG and related
IRIG and related
Technology
IRIG and related
Max. rate
1 bit/s
Max. rate
~0.125 characters/s
Year
1960[citation needed]
| Technology | Max. rate | Year | |
| IRIG and related | 1 bit/s | characters/s | 1960[citation needed] |
· Bandwidths › Teletypewriter (TTY) or telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD)
TTY (V.18)
TTY (V.18)
Technology
TTY (V.18)
Max. rate
45.4545 bit/s
Max. rate
6 characters/s
Year
1994
TTY (V.18)
TTY (V.18)
Technology
TTY (V.18)
Max. rate
50 bit/s
Max. rate
6.6 characters/s
Year
1994
NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning
NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning
Technology
NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning
Max. rate
1 kbit/s
Max. rate
~100 characters/s
Year
1976
| Technology | Max. rate | Year | |
| TTY (V.18) | bit/s | 6 characters/s | 1994 |
| TTY (V.18) | 50 bit/s | characters/s | 1994 |
| NTSC Line 21 Closed Captioning | 1 kbit/s | ~100 characters/s | 1976 |
· Bandwidths › Modems (narrowband and broadband) › Narrowband (POTS: 4 kHz channel)
Teleprinter (50 baud)
Teleprinter (50 baud)
Technology
Teleprinter (50 baud)
Rate
0.05 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
404 operations per minute
Year
1940x
Modem 110 baud (Bell 101)
Modem 110 baud (Bell 101)
Technology
Modem 110 baud (Bell 101)
Rate
0.11 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.010 kB/s (~10 cps)
Year
1959
Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V.21)
Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V.21)
Technology
Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V.21)
Rate
0.3 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.03 kB/s (~30 cps)
Year
1962
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V.23)
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V.23)
Technology
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V.23)
Rate
1.2/0.075 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.12/0.0075 kB/s (~120 cps)
Year
1964(?)
Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V.22)
Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V.22)
Technology
Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V.22)
Rate
1.2 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.12 kB/s (~120 cps)
Year
1976
Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D)
Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D)
Technology
Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D)
Rate
1.2 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.15 kB/s (~150 cps)
Year
1976
Modem 2000 (Bell 201A)
Modem 2000 (Bell 201A)
Technology
Modem 2000 (Bell 201A)
Rate
2 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.25 kB/s (~250 cps)
Year
1962
Modem 2400 (Bell 201B)
Modem 2400 (Bell 201B)
Technology
Modem 2400 (Bell 201B)
Rate
2.4 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.3 kB/s (~300 cps)
Year
?
Modem 2400 (600 baud; V.22bis)
Modem 2400 (600 baud; V.22bis)
Technology
Modem 2400 (600 baud; V.22bis)
Rate
2.4 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.3 kB/s
Year
1984
Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V.27ter)
Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V.27ter)
Technology
Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V.27ter)
Rate
4.8/0.075 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.6/0.0075 kB/s
Year
1976
Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B)
Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B)
Technology
Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B)
Rate
4.8 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
0.6 kB/s
Year
?
Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V.32)
Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V.32)
Technology
Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V.32)
Rate
9.6 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1.2 kB/s
Year
1984
Modem 14.4 (2400 baud; V.32bis)
Modem 14.4 (2400 baud; V.32bis)
Technology
Modem 14.4 (2400 baud; V.32bis)
Rate
14.4 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1.8 kB/s
Year
1991
Modem 28.8 (3200 baud; V.34-1994)
Modem 28.8 (3200 baud; V.34-1994)
Technology
Modem 28.8 (3200 baud; V.34-1994)
Rate
28.8 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
3.6 kB/s
Year
1994
Modem 33.6 (3429 baud; V.34-1996/98)
Modem 33.6 (3429 baud; V.34-1996/98)
Technology
Modem 33.6 (3429 baud; V.34-1996/98)
Rate
33.6 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
4.2 kB/s
Year
1996
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V.90)
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V.90)
Technology
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V.90)
Rate
56.0/33.6 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
7/4.2 kB/s
Year
1998
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V.92)
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V.92)
Technology
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V.92)
Rate
56.0/48.0 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
7/6 kB/s
Year
2001
Modem data compression (variable; V.92/V.44)
Modem data compression (variable; V.92/V.44)
Technology
Modem data compression (variable; V.92/V.44)
Rate
56.0–320.0 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
7–40 kB/s
Year
2000
ISP-side text/image compression (variable)
ISP-side text/image compression (variable)
Technology
ISP-side text/image compression (variable)
Rate
56.0–1000.0 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
7–125 kB/s
Year
1998
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel)
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel)
Technology
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel)
Rate
64/128 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
8/16 kB/s
Year
1986
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels)
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels)
Technology
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels)
Rate
144 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
18 kB/s
Year
2000
| Technology | Rate | Rate ex. overhead | Year |
| Teleprinter (50 baud) | kbit/s | 404 operations per minute | 1940x |
| Modem 110 baud (Bell 101) | kbit/s | cps) | 1959 |
| Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V.21) | kbit/s | cps) | 1962 |
| Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V.23) | kbit/s | cps) | 1964(?) |
| Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V.22) | kbit/s | cps) | 1976 |
| Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D) | kbit/s | cps) | 1976 |
| Modem 2000 (Bell 201A) | 2 kbit/s | cps) | 1962 |
| Modem 2400 (Bell 201B) | kbit/s | cps) | ? |
| Modem 2400 (600 baud; V.22bis) | kbit/s | 0.3 kB/s | 1984 |
| Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V.27ter) | kbit/s | 0.6/0.0075 kB/s | 1976 |
| Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B) | kbit/s | 0.6 kB/s | ? |
| Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V.32) | kbit/s | 1.2 kB/s | 1984 |
| Modem 14.4 (2400 baud; V.32bis) | kbit/s | 1.8 kB/s | 1991 |
| Modem 28.8 (3200 baud; V.34-1994) | kbit/s | 3.6 kB/s | 1994 |
| Modem 33.6 (3429 baud; V.34-1996/98) | kbit/s | 4.2 kB/s | 1996 |
| Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V.90) | kbit/s | 7/4.2 kB/s | 1998 |
| Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V.92) | kbit/s | 7/6 kB/s | 2001 |
| Modem data compression (variable; V.92/V.44) | kbit/s | 7–40 kB/s | 2000 |
| ISP-side text/image compression (variable) | kbit/s | 7–125 kB/s | 1998 |
| ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel) | 64/128 kbit/s | 8/16 kB/s | 1986 |
| IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels) | 144 kbit/s | 18 kB/s | 2000 |
· Bandwidths › Modems (narrowband and broadband) › Broadband (hundreds of kHz to GHz wide)
ADSL (G.lite)
ADSL (G.lite)
Technology
ADSL (G.lite)
Rate
1536/512 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
192/64 kB/s
Year
1998
HDSL ITU G.991.1 a.k.a. DS1
HDSL ITU G.991.1 a.k.a. DS1
Technology
HDSL ITU G.991.1 a.k.a. DS1
Rate
1544 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
193 kB/s
Year
1998
MSDSL
MSDSL
Technology
MSDSL
Rate
2000 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
250 kB/s
Year
?
SDSL
SDSL
Technology
SDSL
Rate
2320 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
290 kB/s
Year
?
SHDSL ITU G.991.2
SHDSL ITU G.991.2
Technology
SHDSL ITU G.991.2
Rate
5690 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
711 kB/s
Year
2001
ADSL (G.dmt) ITU G.992.1
ADSL (G.dmt) ITU G.992.1
Technology
ADSL (G.dmt) ITU G.992.1
Rate
8192/1024 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1024/128 kB/s
Year
1999
ADSL2 ITU G.992.3/4
ADSL2 ITU G.992.3/4
Technology
ADSL2 ITU G.992.3/4
Rate
12288/1440 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1536/180 kB/s
Year
2002
ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5
ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5
Technology
ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5
Rate
24576/3584 kbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
3072/448 kB/s
Year
2003
DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem)
Rate
38/9 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
4.75/1.125 MB/s
Year
1997
DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem)
Rate
38/27 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
4.75/3.375 MB/s
Year
2002
VDSL ITU G.993.1
VDSL ITU G.993.1
Technology
VDSL ITU G.993.1
Rate
52 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
7 MB/s
Year
2001
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2
Technology
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
12.5 MB/s
Year
2006
Uni-DSL
Uni-DSL
Technology
Uni-DSL
Rate
200 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
25 MB/s
Year
2006
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 Amendment 1 (11/15)
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 Amendment 1 (11/15)
Technology
VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 Amendment 1 (11/15)
Rate
300 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
37.5 MB/s
Year
2015
BPON (G.983) (fiber optic service)
BPON (G.983) (fiber optic service)
Technology
BPON (G.983) (fiber optic service)
Rate
622/155 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
77.7/19.3 MB/s
Year
2005
EPON (802.3ah) (fiber optic service)
EPON (802.3ah) (fiber optic service)
Technology
EPON (802.3ah) (fiber optic service)
Rate
1000/1000 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
125/125 MB/s
Year
2008
DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem)
Rate
1216/216 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
152/27 MB/s
Year
2006
G.fast ITU G.9701
G.fast ITU G.9701
Technology
G.fast ITU G.9701
Rate
2000 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
250 MB/s
Year
2019
GPON (G.984) (fiber optic service)
GPON (G.984) (fiber optic service)
Technology
GPON (G.984) (fiber optic service)
Rate
2488/1244 Mbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
311/155.5 MB/s
Year
2008
DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem)
Rate
10/2 Gbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1.25/0.25 GB/s
Year
2013
10G-PON (G.987) (fiber optic service)
10G-PON (G.987) (fiber optic service)
Technology
10G-PON (G.987) (fiber optic service)
Rate
10/2.5 Gbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1.25/0.3125 GB/s
Year
2012
DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem)
Rate
10/6 Gbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1.25/0.75 GB/s
Year
2017
XGS-PON (G.9807.1) (fiber optic service)
XGS-PON (G.9807.1) (fiber optic service)
Technology
XGS-PON (G.9807.1) (fiber optic service)
Rate
10/10 Gbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
1.25/1.25 GB/s
Year
2016
NG-PON2 (G.989) (fiber optic service)
NG-PON2 (G.989) (fiber optic service)
Technology
NG-PON2 (G.989) (fiber optic service)
Rate
40/10 Gbit/s
Rate ex. overhead
5/1.25 GB/s
Year
2015
| Technology | Rate | Rate ex. overhead | Year |
| ADSL (G.lite) | 1536/512 kbit/s | 192/64 kB/s | 1998 |
| HDSL ITU G.991.1 a.k.a. DS1 | 1544 kbit/s | 193 kB/s | 1998 |
| MSDSL | 2000 kbit/s | 250 kB/s | ? |
| SDSL | 2320 kbit/s | 290 kB/s | ? |
| SHDSL ITU G.991.2 | 5690 kbit/s | 711 kB/s | 2001 |
| ADSL (G.dmt) ITU G.992.1 | 8192/1024 kbit/s | 1024/128 kB/s | 1999 |
| ADSL2 ITU G.992.3/4 | 12288/1440 kbit/s | 1536/180 kB/s | 2002 |
| ADSL2+ ITU G.992.5 | 24576/3584 kbit/s | 3072/448 kB/s | 2003 |
| DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem) | 38/9 Mbit/s | 4.75/1.125 MB/s | 1997 |
| DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem) | 38/27 Mbit/s | 4.75/3.375 MB/s | 2002 |
| VDSL ITU G.993.1 | 52 Mbit/s | 7 MB/s | 2001 |
| VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 2006 |
| Uni-DSL | 200 Mbit/s | 25 MB/s | 2006 |
| VDSL2 ITU G.993.2 Amendment 1 (11/15) | 300 Mbit/s | 37.5 MB/s | 2015 |
| BPON (G.983) (fiber optic service) | 622/155 Mbit/s | 77.7/19.3 MB/s | 2005 |
| EPON (802.3ah) (fiber optic service) | 1000/1000 Mbit/s | 125/125 MB/s | 2008 |
| DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem) | 1216/216 Mbit/s | 152/27 MB/s | 2006 |
| G.fast ITU G.9701 | 2000 Mbit/s | 250 MB/s | 2019 |
| GPON (G.984) (fiber optic service) | 2488/1244 Mbit/s | 311/155.5 MB/s | 2008 |
| DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem) | 10/2 Gbit/s | 1.25/0.25 GB/s | 2013 |
| 10G-PON (G.987) (fiber optic service) | Gbit/s | 1.25/0.3125 GB/s | 2012 |
| DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem) | 10/6 Gbit/s | 1.25/0.75 GB/s | 2017 |
| XGS-PON (G.9807.1) (fiber optic service) | 10/10 Gbit/s | 1.25/1.25 GB/s | 2016 |
| NG-PON2 (G.989) (fiber optic service) | 40/10 Gbit/s | 5/1.25 GB/s | 2015 |
· Bandwidths › Mobile telephone interfaces
GSM CSD (2G)
GSM CSD (2G)
Technology
GSM CSD (2G)
Download rate
14.4 kbit/s
Download rate
1.8 kB/s
Upload rate
14.4 kbit/s
Upload rate
1.8 kB/s
HSCSD
HSCSD
Technology
HSCSD
Download rate
57.6 kbit/s
Download rate
7.2 kB/s
Upload rate
14.4 kbit/s
Upload rate
1.8 kB/s
GPRS (2.5G)
GPRS (2.5G)
Technology
GPRS (2.5G)
Download rate
57.6 kbit/s
Download rate
7.2 kB/s
Upload rate
28.8 kbit/s
Upload rate
3.6 kB/s
WiDEN
WiDEN
Technology
WiDEN
Download rate
100 kbit/s
Download rate
12.5 kB/s
Upload rate
100 kbit/s
Upload rate
12.5 kB/s
CDMA2000 1×RTT
CDMA2000 1×RTT
Technology
CDMA2000 1×RTT
Download rate
153 kbit/s
Download rate
18 kB/s
Upload rate
153 kbit/s
Upload rate
18 kB/s
EDGE (2.75G) (type 1 MS)
EDGE (2.75G) (type 1 MS)
Technology
EDGE (2.75G) (type 1 MS)
Download rate
236.8 kbit/s
Download rate
29.6 kB/s
Upload rate
236.8 kbit/s
Upload rate
29.6 kB/s
Year
2002
UMTS 3G
UMTS 3G
Technology
UMTS 3G
Download rate
384 kbit/s
Download rate
48 kB/s
Upload rate
384 kbit/s
Upload rate
48 kB/s
EDGE (type 2 MS)
EDGE (type 2 MS)
Technology
EDGE (type 2 MS)
Download rate
473.6 kbit/s
Download rate
59.2 kB/s
Upload rate
473.6 kbit/s
Upload rate
59.2 kB/s
EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS)
EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS)
Technology
EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS)
Download rate
1184 kbit/s
Download rate
148 kB/s
Upload rate
474 kbit/s
Upload rate
59 kB/s
EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS)
EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS)
Technology
EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS)
Download rate
1894 kbit/s
Download rate
237 kB/s
Upload rate
947 kbit/s
Upload rate
118 kB/s
1×EV-DO rev. 0
1×EV-DO rev. 0
Technology
1×EV-DO rev. 0
Download rate
2457 kbit/s
Download rate
307.2 kB/s
Upload rate
153 kbit/s
Upload rate
19 kB/s
1×EV-DO rev. A
1×EV-DO rev. A
Technology
1×EV-DO rev. A
Download rate
3.1 Mbit/s
Download rate
397 kB/s
Upload rate
1.8 Mbit/s
Upload rate
230 kB/s
LTE Cat 1
LTE Cat 1
Technology
LTE Cat 1
Download rate
10 Mbit/s
Download rate
1250 kB/s
Upload rate
5.2 Mbit/s
Upload rate
650 kB/s
1×EV-DO rev. B
1×EV-DO rev. B
Technology
1×EV-DO rev. B
Download rate
14.7 Mbit/s
Download rate
1837 kB/s
Upload rate
5.4 Mbit/s
Upload rate
675 kB/s
HSPA (3.5G)
HSPA (3.5G)
Technology
HSPA (3.5G)
Download rate
13.98 Mbit/s
Download rate
1706 kB/s
Upload rate
5.760 Mbit/s
Upload rate
720 kB/s
4×EV-DO Enhancements (2×2 MIMO)
4×EV-DO Enhancements (2×2 MIMO)
Technology
4×EV-DO Enhancements (2×2 MIMO)
Download rate
34.4 Mbit/s
Download rate
4.3 MB/s
Upload rate
12.4 Mbit/s
Upload rate
1.55 MB/s
HSPA+ (2×2 MIMO)
HSPA+ (2×2 MIMO)
Technology
HSPA+ (2×2 MIMO)
Download rate
42 Mbit/s
Download rate
5.25 MB/s
Upload rate
11.5 Mbit/s
Upload rate
1.437 MB/s
LTE Cat 2
LTE Cat 2
Technology
LTE Cat 2
Download rate
50 Mbit/s
Download rate
6.25 MB/s
Upload rate
25 Mbit/s
Upload rate
3.375 MB/s
15×EV-DO rev. B
15×EV-DO rev. B
Technology
15×EV-DO rev. B
Download rate
73.5 Mbit/s
Download rate
9.2 MB/s
Upload rate
27 Mbit/s
Upload rate
3.375 MB/s
LTE Cat 3
LTE Cat 3
Technology
LTE Cat 3
Download rate
100 Mbit/s
Download rate
12.5 MB/s
Upload rate
50 Mbit/s
Upload rate
6.25 MB/s
UMB (2×2 MIMO)
UMB (2×2 MIMO)
Technology
UMB (2×2 MIMO)
Download rate
140 Mbit/s
Download rate
17.5 MB/s
Upload rate
34 Mbit/s
Upload rate
4.250 MB/s
LTE Cat 4
LTE Cat 4
Technology
LTE Cat 4
Download rate
150 Mbit/s
Download rate
18.75 MB/s
Upload rate
50 Mbit/s
Upload rate
6.25 MB/s
LTE (2×2 MIMO)
LTE (2×2 MIMO)
Technology
LTE (2×2 MIMO)
Download rate
173 Mbit/s
Download rate
21.625 MB/s
Upload rate
58 Mbit/s
Upload rate
7.25 MB/s
Year
2004
UMB (4×4 MIMO)
UMB (4×4 MIMO)
Technology
UMB (4×4 MIMO)
Download rate
280 Mbit/s
Download rate
35 MB/s
Upload rate
68 Mbit/s
Upload rate
8.5 MB/s
EV-DO rev. C
EV-DO rev. C
Technology
EV-DO rev. C
Download rate
280 Mbit/s
Download rate
35 MB/s
Upload rate
75 Mbit/s
Upload rate
9 MB/s
LTE Cat 5
LTE Cat 5
Technology
LTE Cat 5
Download rate
300 Mbit/s
Download rate
37.5 MB/s
Upload rate
50 Mbit/s
Upload rate
6.25 MB/s
LTE Cat 6
LTE Cat 6
Technology
LTE Cat 6
Download rate
300 Mbit/s
Download rate
37.5 MB/s
Upload rate
75 Mbit/s
Upload rate
9.375 MB/s
LTE Cat 7
LTE Cat 7
Technology
LTE Cat 7
Download rate
300 Mbit/s
Download rate
37.5 MB/s
Upload rate
100 Mbit/s
Upload rate
12.5 MB/s
LTE (4×4 MIMO)
LTE (4×4 MIMO)
Technology
LTE (4×4 MIMO)
Download rate
326 Mbit/s
Download rate
40.750 MB/s
Upload rate
86 Mbit/s
Upload rate
10.750 MB/s
LTE Cat 13
LTE Cat 13
Technology
LTE Cat 13
Download rate
390 Mbit/s
Download rate
48.75 MB/s
Upload rate
150 Mbit/s
Upload rate
18.75 MB/s
LTE Cat 9
LTE Cat 9
Technology
LTE Cat 9
Download rate
450 Mbit/s
Download rate
56.25 MB/s
Upload rate
50 Mbit/s
Upload rate
6.25 MB/s
LTE Cat 10
LTE Cat 10
Technology
LTE Cat 10
Download rate
450 Mbit/s
Download rate
56.25 MB/s
Upload rate
100 Mbit/s
Upload rate
12.5 MB/s
LTE Cat 11
LTE Cat 11
Technology
LTE Cat 11
Download rate
600 Mbit/s
Download rate
75 MB/s
Upload rate
50 Mbit/s
Upload rate
6.25 MB/s
LTE Cat 12
LTE Cat 12
Technology
LTE Cat 12
Download rate
600 Mbit/s
Download rate
75 MB/s
Upload rate
100 Mbit/s
Upload rate
12.5 MB/s
LTE Cat 16
LTE Cat 16
Technology
LTE Cat 16
Download rate
1000 Mbit/s
Download rate
125 MB/s
Upload rate
50 Mbit/s
Upload rate
6.25 MB/s
LTE Cat 18
LTE Cat 18
Technology
LTE Cat 18
Download rate
1200 Mbit/s
Download rate
150 MB/s
Upload rate
150 Mbit/s
Upload rate
18.75 MB/s
LTE Cat 21
LTE Cat 21
Technology
LTE Cat 21
Download rate
1400 Mbit/s
Download rate
175 MB/s
Upload rate
300 Mbit/s
Upload rate
37.5 MB/s
LTE Cat 20
LTE Cat 20
Technology
LTE Cat 20
Download rate
2000 Mbit/s
Download rate
250 MB/s
Upload rate
300 Mbit/s
Upload rate
37.5 MB/s
LTE Cat 8
LTE Cat 8
Technology
LTE Cat 8
Download rate
3 Gbit/s
Download rate
375 MB/s
Upload rate
1.5 Gbit/s
Upload rate
187 MB/s
LTE Cat 14
LTE Cat 14
Technology
LTE Cat 14
Download rate
3.9 Gbit/s
Download rate
487 MB/s
Upload rate
1.5 Gbit/s
Upload rate
187 MB/s
5G NR
5G NR
Technology
5G NR
Download rate
10 Gbit/s
Download rate
?
Upload rate
10 Gbit/s
Upload rate
?
Year
?
| Technology | Download rate | Upload rate | Year | ||
| GSM CSD (2G) | kbit/s | 1.8 kB/s | kbit/s | 1.8 kB/s | |
| HSCSD | kbit/s | 7.2 kB/s | kbit/s | 1.8 kB/s | |
| GPRS (2.5G) | kbit/s | 7.2 kB/s | kbit/s | 3.6 kB/s | |
| WiDEN | 100 kbit/s | 12.5 kB/s | 100 kbit/s | 12.5 kB/s | |
| CDMA2000 1×RTT | 153 kbit/s | 18 kB/s | 153 kbit/s | 18 kB/s | |
| EDGE (2.75G) (type 1 MS) | kbit/s | 29.6 kB/s | kbit/s | 29.6 kB/s | 2002 |
| UMTS 3G | 384 kbit/s | 48 kB/s | 384 kbit/s | 48 kB/s | |
| EDGE (type 2 MS) | kbit/s | 59.2 kB/s | kbit/s | 59.2 kB/s | |
| EDGE Evolution (type 1 MS) | 1184 kbit/s | 148 kB/s | 474 kbit/s | 59 kB/s | |
| EDGE Evolution (type 2 MS) | 1894 kbit/s | 237 kB/s | 947 kbit/s | 118 kB/s | |
| 1×EV-DO rev. 0 | 2457 kbit/s | 307.2 kB/s | 153 kbit/s | 19 kB/s | |
| 1×EV-DO rev. A | Mbit/s | 397 kB/s | Mbit/s | 230 kB/s | |
| LTE Cat 1 | 10 Mbit/s | 1250 kB/s | Mbit/s | 650 kB/s | |
| 1×EV-DO rev. B | Mbit/s | 1837 kB/s | Mbit/s | 675 kB/s | |
| HSPA (3.5G) | Mbit/s | 1706 kB/s | Mbit/s | 720 kB/s | |
| 4×EV-DO Enhancements (2×2 MIMO) | Mbit/s | 4.3 MB/s | Mbit/s | 1.55 MB/s | |
| HSPA+ (2×2 MIMO) | 42 Mbit/s | 5.25 MB/s | Mbit/s | 1.437 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 2 | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | 25 Mbit/s | 3.375 MB/s | |
| 15×EV-DO rev. B | Mbit/s | 9.2 MB/s | 27 Mbit/s | 3.375 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 3 | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | |
| UMB (2×2 MIMO) | 140 Mbit/s | 17.5 MB/s | 34 Mbit/s | 4.250 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 4 | 150 Mbit/s | 18.75 MB/s | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | |
| LTE (2×2 MIMO) | 173 Mbit/s | 21.625 MB/s | 58 Mbit/s | 7.25 MB/s | 2004 |
| UMB (4×4 MIMO) | 280 Mbit/s | 35 MB/s | 68 Mbit/s | 8.5 MB/s | |
| EV-DO rev. C | 280 Mbit/s | 35 MB/s | 75 Mbit/s | 9 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 5 | 300 Mbit/s | 37.5 MB/s | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 6 | 300 Mbit/s | 37.5 MB/s | 75 Mbit/s | 9.375 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 7 | 300 Mbit/s | 37.5 MB/s | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| LTE (4×4 MIMO) | 326 Mbit/s | 40.750 MB/s | 86 Mbit/s | 10.750 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 13 | 390 Mbit/s | 48.75 MB/s | 150 Mbit/s | 18.75 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 9 | 450 Mbit/s | 56.25 MB/s | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 10 | 450 Mbit/s | 56.25 MB/s | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 11 | 600 Mbit/s | 75 MB/s | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 12 | 600 Mbit/s | 75 MB/s | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 16 | 1000 Mbit/s | 125 MB/s | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 18 | 1200 Mbit/s | 150 MB/s | 150 Mbit/s | 18.75 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 21 | 1400 Mbit/s | 175 MB/s | 300 Mbit/s | 37.5 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 20 | 2000 Mbit/s | 250 MB/s | 300 Mbit/s | 37.5 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 8 | 3 Gbit/s | 375 MB/s | Gbit/s | 187 MB/s | |
| LTE Cat 14 | Gbit/s | 487 MB/s | Gbit/s | 187 MB/s | |
| 5G NR | 10 Gbit/s | ? | 10 Gbit/s | ? | ? |
· Bandwidths › Wide area networks
56k line
56k line
Technology
56k line
Rate
56 kbit/s
Rate
7 KB/s
Year
1990
DS0
DS0
Technology
DS0
Rate
64 kbit/s
Rate
8 KB/s
G.lite (a.k.a. ADSL Lite)
G.lite (a.k.a. ADSL Lite)
Technology
G.lite (a.k.a. ADSL Lite)
Rate
1.536/0.512 Mbit/s
Rate
0.192/0.064 MB/s
DS1 / T1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface)
DS1 / T1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface)
Technology
DS1 / T1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface)
Rate
1.544 Mbit/s
Rate
0.192 MB/s
Year
1990
E1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface)
E1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface)
Technology
E1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface)
Rate
2.048 Mbit/s
Rate
0.256 MB/s
G.SHDSL
G.SHDSL
Technology
G.SHDSL
Rate
2.304 Mbit/s
Rate
0.288 MB/s
SDSL
SDSL
Technology
SDSL
Rate
2.32 Mbit/s
Rate
0.29 MB/s
LR-VDSL2 (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional)
LR-VDSL2 (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional)
Technology
LR-VDSL2 (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional)
Rate
4 Mbit/s
Rate
0.512 MB/s
T2
T2
Technology
T2
Rate
6.312 Mbit/s
Rate
0.789 MB/s
ADSL
ADSL
Technology
ADSL
Rate
8.0/1.024 Mbit/s
Rate
1.0/0.128 MB/s
E2
E2
Technology
E2
Rate
8.448 Mbit/s
Rate
1.056 MB/s
ADSL2
ADSL2
Technology
ADSL2
Rate
12/3.5 Mbit/s
Rate
1.5/0.448 MB/s
Satellite Internet
Satellite Internet
Technology
Satellite Internet
Rate
16/1 Mbit/s
Rate
2.0/0.128 MB/s
ADSL2+
ADSL2+
Technology
ADSL2+
Rate
24/3.5 Mbit/s
Rate
3.0/0.448 MB/s
E3
E3
Technology
E3
Rate
34.368 Mbit/s
Rate
4.296 MB/s
DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem)
Rate
38/9 Mbit/s
Rate
4.75/1.125 MB/s
Year
1997
DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem)
Rate
38/27 Mbit/s
Rate
4.75/3.38 MB/s
Year
2002
DS3 / T3 ('45 Meg')
DS3 / T3 ('45 Meg')
Technology
DS3 / T3 ('45 Meg')
Rate
44.736 Mbit/s
Rate
5.5925 MB/s
STS-1 / OC-1 / STM-0
STS-1 / OC-1 / STM-0
Technology
STS-1 / OC-1 / STM-0
Rate
51.84 Mbit/s
Rate
6.48 MB/s
VDSL (symmetry optional)
VDSL (symmetry optional)
Technology
VDSL (symmetry optional)
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
OC-3 / STM-1
OC-3 / STM-1
Technology
OC-3 / STM-1
Rate
155.52 Mbit/s
Rate
19.44 MB/s
VDSL2 (symmetry optional)
VDSL2 (symmetry optional)
Technology
VDSL2 (symmetry optional)
Rate
250 Mbit/s
Rate
31.25 MB/s
T4
T4
Technology
T4
Rate
274.176 Mbit/s
Rate
34.272 MB/s
T5
T5
Technology
T5
Rate
400.352 Mbit/s
Rate
50.044 MB/s
OC-9
OC-9
Technology
OC-9
Rate
466.56 Mbit/s
Rate
58.32 MB/s
OC-12 / STM-4
OC-12 / STM-4
Technology
OC-12 / STM-4
Rate
622.08 Mbit/s
Rate
77.76 MB/s
OC-18
OC-18
Technology
OC-18
Rate
933.12 Mbit/s
Rate
116.64 MB/s
DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem)
Rate
1216/216 Mbit/s
Rate
152/27 MB/s
Year
2006
OC-24
OC-24
Technology
OC-24
Rate
1.244 Gbit/s
Rate
155.5 MB/s
OC-36
OC-36
Technology
OC-36
Rate
1.900 Gbit/s
Rate
237.5 MB/s
OC-48 / STM-16
OC-48 / STM-16
Technology
OC-48 / STM-16
Rate
2.488 Gbit/s
Rate
311.04 MB/s
OC-96
OC-96
Technology
OC-96
Rate
4.976 Gbit/s
Rate
622.08 MB/s
OC-192 / STM-64
OC-192 / STM-64
Technology
OC-192 / STM-64
Rate
9.953 Gbit/s
Rate
1.244125 GB/s
10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY
10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY
Technology
10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY
Rate
9.953 Gbit/s
Rate
1.244125 GB/s
DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem)
Rate
10/2 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25/0.25 GB/s
Year
2013
DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem)
Rate
10/6 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25/0.75 GB/s
Year
2017
OC-256
OC-256
Technology
OC-256
Rate
13.271 Gbit/s
Rate
1.659 GB/s
OC-768 / STM-256
OC-768 / STM-256
Technology
OC-768 / STM-256
Rate
39.813 Gbit/s
Rate
4.976 GB/s
OC-1536 / STM-512
OC-1536 / STM-512
Technology
OC-1536 / STM-512
Rate
79.626 Gbit/s
Rate
9.953 GB/s
OC-3072 / STM-1024
OC-3072 / STM-1024
Technology
OC-3072 / STM-1024
Rate
159.252 Gbit/s
Rate
19.907 GB/s
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| 56k line | 56 kbit/s | 7 KB/s | 1990 |
| DS0 | 64 kbit/s | 8 KB/s | |
| G.lite (a.k.a. ADSL Lite) | Mbit/s | 0.192/0.064 MB/s | |
| DS1 / T1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface) | Mbit/s | 0.192 MB/s | 1990 |
| E1 (and ISDN Primary Rate Interface) | Mbit/s | 0.256 MB/s | |
| G.SHDSL | Mbit/s | 0.288 MB/s | |
| SDSL | Mbit/s | 0.29 MB/s | |
| LR-VDSL2 (4 to 5 km [long-]range) (symmetry optional) | 4 Mbit/s | 0.512 MB/s | |
| T2 | Mbit/s | 0.789 MB/s | |
| ADSL | Mbit/s | 1.0/0.128 MB/s | |
| E2 | Mbit/s | 1.056 MB/s | |
| ADSL2 | Mbit/s | 1.5/0.448 MB/s | |
| Satellite Internet | 16/1 Mbit/s | 2.0/0.128 MB/s | |
| ADSL2+ | Mbit/s | 3.0/0.448 MB/s | |
| E3 | Mbit/s | 4.296 MB/s | |
| DOCSIS 1.0 (cable modem) | 38/9 Mbit/s | 4.75/1.125 MB/s | 1997 |
| DOCSIS 2.0 (cable modem) | 38/27 Mbit/s | 4.75/3.38 MB/s | 2002 |
| DS3 / T3 ('45 Meg') | Mbit/s | 5.5925 MB/s | |
| STS-1 / OC-1 / STM-0 | Mbit/s | 6.48 MB/s | |
| VDSL (symmetry optional) | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| OC-3 / STM-1 | Mbit/s | 19.44 MB/s | |
| VDSL2 (symmetry optional) | 250 Mbit/s | 31.25 MB/s | |
| T4 | Mbit/s | 34.272 MB/s | |
| T5 | Mbit/s | 50.044 MB/s | |
| OC-9 | Mbit/s | 58.32 MB/s | |
| OC-12 / STM-4 | Mbit/s | 77.76 MB/s | |
| OC-18 | Mbit/s | 116.64 MB/s | |
| DOCSIS 3.0 (cable modem) | 1216/216 Mbit/s | 152/27 MB/s | 2006 |
| OC-24 | Gbit/s | 155.5 MB/s | |
| OC-36 | Gbit/s | 237.5 MB/s | |
| OC-48 / STM-16 | Gbit/s | 311.04 MB/s | |
| OC-96 | Gbit/s | 622.08 MB/s | |
| OC-192 / STM-64 | Gbit/s | 1.244125 GB/s | |
| 10 Gigabit Ethernet WAN PHY | Gbit/s | 1.244125 GB/s | |
| DOCSIS 3.1 (cable modem) | 10/2 Gbit/s | 1.25/0.25 GB/s | 2013 |
| DOCSIS 4.0 (cable modem) | 10/6 Gbit/s | 1.25/0.75 GB/s | 2017 |
| OC-256 | Gbit/s | 1.659 GB/s | |
| OC-768 / STM-256 | Gbit/s | 4.976 GB/s | |
| OC-1536 / STM-512 | Gbit/s | 9.953 GB/s | |
| OC-3072 / STM-1024 | Gbit/s | 19.907 GB/s | |
· Bandwidths › Local area networks
LocalTalk
LocalTalk
Technology
LocalTalk
Rate
230 kbit/s
Rate
28.8 kB/s
Year
1985
Econet
Econet
Technology
Econet
Rate
800 kbit/s
Rate
100 kB/s
Year
1981
Omninet
Omninet
Technology
Omninet
Rate
1 Mbit/s
Rate
125 kB/s
Year
1980
IBM PC Network
IBM PC Network
Technology
IBM PC Network
Rate
2 Mbit/s
Rate
250 kB/s
Year
1985
ARCNET (Standard)
ARCNET (Standard)
Technology
ARCNET (Standard)
Rate
2.5 Mbit/s
Rate
312.5 kB/s
Year
1977
Chaosnet (Original)
Chaosnet (Original)
Technology
Chaosnet (Original)
Rate
4 Mbit/s
Rate
3.0 Mbit/s
Year
1971
Token Ring (Original)
Token Ring (Original)
Technology
Token Ring (Original)
Rate
4 Mbit/s
Rate
500 kB/s
Year
1985
Ethernet (10BASE-X)
Ethernet (10BASE-X)
Technology
Ethernet (10BASE-X)
Rate
10 Mbit/s
Rate
1.25 MB/s
Year
1980 (1985 IEEE Standard)
Token Ring (Later)
Token Ring (Later)
Technology
Token Ring (Later)
Rate
16 Mbit/s
Rate
2 MB/s
Year
1989
ARCnet Plus
ARCnet Plus
Technology
ARCnet Plus
Rate
20 Mbit/s
Rate
2.5 MB/s
Year
1992
TCNS
TCNS
Technology
TCNS
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Year
1993?
100VG
100VG
Technology
100VG
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Year
1995
Token Ring IEEE 802.5t
Token Ring IEEE 802.5t
Technology
Token Ring IEEE 802.5t
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X)
Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X)
Technology
Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X)
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Year
1995
FDDI
FDDI
Technology
FDDI
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
MoCA 1.0
MoCA 1.0
Technology
MoCA 1.0
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
MoCA 1.1
MoCA 1.1
Technology
MoCA 1.1
Rate
175 Mbit/s
Rate
21.875 MB/s
HomePlug AV
HomePlug AV
Technology
HomePlug AV
Rate
200 Mbit/s
Rate
25 MB/s
Year
2005
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400
Rate
400 Mbit/s
Rate
50 MB/s
Year
1995
MoCa 2.0
MoCa 2.0
Technology
MoCa 2.0
Rate
500 Mbit/s
Rate
62.5 MB/s
Year
2016
HIPPI
HIPPI
Technology
HIPPI
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
100 MB/s
IEEE 1901
IEEE 1901
Technology
IEEE 1901
Rate
1000 Mbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Year
2010
Token Ring IEEE 802.5v
Token Ring IEEE 802.5v
Technology
Token Ring IEEE 802.5v
Rate
1 Gbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Year
2001
Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X)
Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X)
Technology
Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X)
Rate
1 Gbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Year
1998
Stanford DASH/NUMAlink 1
Stanford DASH/NUMAlink 1
Technology
Stanford DASH/NUMAlink 1
Rate
1.920 Gbit/s
Rate
240 MB/s
Year
~1990
Myrinet 2000
Myrinet 2000
Technology
Myrinet 2000
Rate
2 Gbit/s
Rate
250 MB/s
InfiniBand SDR 1×
InfiniBand SDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand SDR 1×
Rate
2 Gbit/s
Rate
250 MB/s
Year
2001, 2003
Reflective memory or RFM2 (1.25 μs latency)
Reflective memory or RFM2 (1.25 μs latency)
Technology
Reflective memory or RFM2 (1.25 μs latency)
Rate
2 Gbit/s
Rate
250 MB/s
Year
2017
RapidIO Gen1 1×
RapidIO Gen1 1×
Technology
RapidIO Gen1 1×
Rate
2.5 Gbit/s
Rate
312.5 MB/s
Year
2000
2.5 Gigabit Ethernet (2.5GBASE-T)
2.5 Gigabit Ethernet (2.5GBASE-T)
Technology
2.5 Gigabit Ethernet (2.5GBASE-T)
Rate
2.5 Gbit/s
Rate
312.5 MB/s
Year
2016
Quadrics QsNetI
Quadrics QsNetI
Technology
Quadrics QsNetI
Rate
3.6 Gbit/s
Rate
450 MB/s
InfiniBand DDR 1×
InfiniBand DDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand DDR 1×
Rate
4 Gbit/s
Rate
500 MB/s
Year
2005
RapidIO Gen2 1×
RapidIO Gen2 1×
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 1×
Rate
5 Gbit/s
Rate
625 MB/s
Year
2008
5 Gigabit Ethernet (5GBASE-T)
5 Gigabit Ethernet (5GBASE-T)
Technology
5 Gigabit Ethernet (5GBASE-T)
Rate
5 Gbit/s
Rate
625 MB/s
Year
2016
InfiniBand QDR 1×
InfiniBand QDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand QDR 1×
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s
Year
2007
InfiniBand SDR 4×
InfiniBand SDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand SDR 4×
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s
Year
2001, 2003
Quadrics QsNetII
Quadrics QsNetII
Technology
Quadrics QsNetII
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s
RapidIO Gen1 4x
RapidIO Gen1 4x
Technology
RapidIO Gen1 4x
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 2x
RapidIO Gen2 2x
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 2x
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
Year
2008
10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-X)
10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-X)
Technology
10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-X)
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
Year
2002-2006
Myri 10G
Myri 10G
Technology
Myri 10G
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
InfiniBand FDR-10 1×
InfiniBand FDR-10 1×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR-10 1×
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
Year
2011
NUMAlink 2
NUMAlink 2
Technology
NUMAlink 2
Rate
12.8 Gbit/s
Rate
1.6 GB/s
Year
1996
InfiniBand FDR 1×
InfiniBand FDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR 1×
Rate
13.64 Gbit/s
Rate
1.7 GB/s
Year
2011
InfiniBand SDR 8×
InfiniBand SDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand SDR 8×
Rate
16 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s
Year
2001, 2003
InfiniBand DDR 4×
InfiniBand DDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand DDR 4×
Rate
16 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s
Year
2005
RapidIO Gen2 4x
RapidIO Gen2 4x
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 4x
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2.5 GB/s
Year
2008
Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe
Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe
Technology
Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2.5 GB/s
InfiniBand SDR 12×
InfiniBand SDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand SDR 12×
Rate
24 Gbit/s
Rate
3 GB/s
RapidIO Gen4 1×
RapidIO Gen4 1×
Technology
RapidIO Gen4 1×
Rate
24.63 Gbit/s
Rate
3.079 GB/s
Year
2016
InfiniBand EDR 1×
InfiniBand EDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand EDR 1×
Rate
25 Gbit/s
Rate
3.125 GB/s
Year
2014
25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GBASE-X)
25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GBASE-X)
Technology
25 Gigabit Ethernet (25GBASE-X)
Rate
25 Gbit/s
Rate
3.125 GB/s
Year
2016
NUMAlink 3
NUMAlink 3
Technology
NUMAlink 3
Rate
25.6 Gbit/s
Rate
3.2 GB/s
Year
2000
InfiniBand DDR 8×
InfiniBand DDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand DDR 8×
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
6 GB/s
Year
2005
InfiniBand QDR 4×
InfiniBand QDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand QDR 4×
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s
Year
2007
RapidIO Gen2 8x
RapidIO Gen2 8x
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 8x
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2008
40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GBASE-X) 4×
40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GBASE-X) 4×
Technology
40 Gigabit Ethernet (40GBASE-X) 4×
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2010
InfiniBand FDR-10 4×
InfiniBand FDR-10 4×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR-10 4×
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2011
InfiniBand DDR 12×
InfiniBand DDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand DDR 12×
Rate
48 Gbit/s
Rate
6 GB/s
Year
2005
50 Gigabit Ethernet (50GBASE-X)
50 Gigabit Ethernet (50GBASE-X)
Technology
50 Gigabit Ethernet (50GBASE-X)
Rate
50 Gbit/s
Rate
6.25 GB/s
Year
2016
InfiniBand HDR 1×
InfiniBand HDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand HDR 1×
Rate
50 Gbit/s
Rate
6.25 GB/s
Year
2017
NUMAlink 4
NUMAlink 4
Technology
NUMAlink 4
Rate
51.2 Gbit/s
Rate
6.4 GB/s
Year
2004
NUMAlink 6
NUMAlink 6
Technology
NUMAlink 6
Rate
53.6 Gbit/s
Rate
6.7 GB/s
Year
2012
InfiniBand FDR 4×
InfiniBand FDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR 4×
Rate
54.56 Gbit/s
Rate
6.82 GB/s
Year
2011
InfiniBand QDR 8×
InfiniBand QDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand QDR 8×
Rate
64 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s
Year
2007
RapidIO Gen2 16×
RapidIO Gen2 16×
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 16×
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
10 GB/s
Year
2008
InfiniBand FDR-10 8×
InfiniBand FDR-10 8×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR-10 8×
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2011
InfiniBand QDR 12×
InfiniBand QDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand QDR 12×
Rate
96 Gbit/s
Rate
12 GB/s
Year
2007
InfiniBand EDR 4×
InfiniBand EDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand EDR 4×
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
Year
2014
100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GBASE-X) 10×/4×
100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GBASE-X) 10×/4×
Technology
100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GBASE-X) 10×/4×
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
Year
2010/2018
Omni-Path
Omni-Path
Technology
Omni-Path
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
Year
2015
InfiniBand NDR 1×
InfiniBand NDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand NDR 1×
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
Year
2022
NUMAlink 8 (Flex ASIC)
NUMAlink 8 (Flex ASIC)
Technology
NUMAlink 8 (Flex ASIC)
Rate
106.4 Gbit/s
Rate
13.3 GB/s
Year
2017
InfiniBand FDR 8×
InfiniBand FDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR 8×
Rate
109.12 Gbit/s
Rate
13.64 GB/s
Year
2011
NUMAlink 7
NUMAlink 7
Technology
NUMAlink 7
Rate
119.52 Gbit/s
Rate
14.94 GB/s
Year
2014
NUMAlink 5
NUMAlink 5
Technology
NUMAlink 5
Rate
120 Gbit/s
Rate
15 GB/s
Year
2009
InfiniBand FDR-10 12×
InfiniBand FDR-10 12×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR-10 12×
Rate
120 Gbit/s
Rate
15 GB/s
Year
2011
InfiniBand FDR 12×
InfiniBand FDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand FDR 12×
Rate
163.68 Gbit/s
Rate
20.45 GB/s
Year
2011
InfiniBand EDR 8×
InfiniBand EDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand EDR 8×
Rate
200 Gbit/s
Rate
25 GB/s
Year
2014
InfiniBand HDR 4×
InfiniBand HDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand HDR 4×
Rate
200 Gbit/s
Rate
25 GB/s
Year
2017
200 Gigabit Ethernet (200GBASE-X)
200 Gigabit Ethernet (200GBASE-X)
Technology
200 Gigabit Ethernet (200GBASE-X)
Rate
200 Gbit/s
Rate
25 GB/s
Year
2017
InfiniBand XDR 1×
InfiniBand XDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand XDR 1×
Rate
200 Gbit/s
Rate
25 GB/s
Year
2024
InfiniBand EDR 12×
InfiniBand EDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand EDR 12×
Rate
300 Gbit/s
Rate
37.5 GB/s
Year
2014
400 Gigabit Ethernet (400GBASE-X)
400 Gigabit Ethernet (400GBASE-X)
Technology
400 Gigabit Ethernet (400GBASE-X)
Rate
400 Gbit/s
Rate
50 GB/s
Year
2017
InfiniBand HDR 8×
InfiniBand HDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand HDR 8×
Rate
400 Gbit/s
Rate
50 GB/s
Year
2017
InfiniBand NDR 4×
InfiniBand NDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand NDR 4×
Rate
400 Gbit/s
Rate
50 GB/s
Year
2022
InfiniBand GDR 1×
InfiniBand GDR 1×
Technology
InfiniBand GDR 1×
Rate
400 Gbit/s
Rate
50 GB/s
Year
TBA
InfiniBand HDR 12×
InfiniBand HDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand HDR 12×
Rate
600 Gbit/s
Rate
75 GB/s
Year
2017
InfiniBand NDR 8×
InfiniBand NDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand NDR 8×
Rate
800 Gbit/s
Rate
100 GB/s
Year
2022
InfiniBand XDR 4×
InfiniBand XDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand XDR 4×
Rate
800 Gbit/s
Rate
100 GB/s
Year
2024
800 Gigabit Ethernet (800GBASE-X)
800 Gigabit Ethernet (800GBASE-X)
Technology
800 Gigabit Ethernet (800GBASE-X)
Rate
800 Gbit/s
Rate
100 GB/s
Year
2024
InfiniBand NDR 12×
InfiniBand NDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand NDR 12×
Rate
1200 Gbit/s
Rate
150 GB/s
Year
2022
InfiniBand XDR 8×
InfiniBand XDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand XDR 8×
Rate
1600 Gbit/s
Rate
200 GB/s
Year
2024
InfiniBand GDR 4×
InfiniBand GDR 4×
Technology
InfiniBand GDR 4×
Rate
1600 Gbit/s
Rate
200 GB/s
Year
TBA
InfiniBand XDR 12×
InfiniBand XDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand XDR 12×
Rate
2400 Gbit/s
Rate
300 GB/s
Year
2024
InfiniBand GDR 8×
InfiniBand GDR 8×
Technology
InfiniBand GDR 8×
Rate
3200 Gbit/s
Rate
400 GB/s
Year
TBA
InfiniBand GDR 12×
InfiniBand GDR 12×
Technology
InfiniBand GDR 12×
Rate
4800 Gbit/s
Rate
600 GB/s
Year
TBA
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| LocalTalk | 230 kbit/s | 28.8 kB/s | 1985 |
| Econet | 800 kbit/s | 100 kB/s | 1981 |
| Omninet | 1 Mbit/s | 125 kB/s | 1980 |
| IBM PC Network | 2 Mbit/s | 250 kB/s | 1985 |
| ARCNET (Standard) | Mbit/s | 312.5 kB/s | 1977 |
| Chaosnet (Original) | 4 Mbit/s | Mbit/s | 1971 |
| Token Ring (Original) | 4 Mbit/s | 500 kB/s | 1985 |
| Ethernet (10BASE-X) | 10 Mbit/s | 1.25 MB/s | 1980 (1985 IEEE Standard) |
| Token Ring (Later) | 16 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | 1989 |
| ARCnet Plus | 20 Mbit/s | 2.5 MB/s | 1992 |
| TCNS | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 1993? |
| 100VG | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 1995 |
| Token Ring IEEE 802.5t | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| Fast Ethernet (100BASE-X) | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 1995 |
| FDDI | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| MoCA 1.0 | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | |
| MoCA 1.1 | 175 Mbit/s | 21.875 MB/s | |
| HomePlug AV | 200 Mbit/s | 25 MB/s | 2005 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 | 400 Mbit/s | 50 MB/s | 1995 |
| MoCa 2.0 | 500 Mbit/s | 62.5 MB/s | 2016 |
| HIPPI | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | |
| IEEE 1901 | 1000 Mbit/s | 125 MB/s | 2010 |
| Token Ring IEEE 802.5v | 1 Gbit/s | 125 MB/s | 2001 |
| Gigabit Ethernet (1000BASE-X) | 1 Gbit/s | 125 MB/s | 1998 |
| Stanford DASH/NUMAlink 1 | Gbit/s | 240 MB/s | ~1990 |
| Myrinet 2000 | 2 Gbit/s | 250 MB/s | |
| InfiniBand SDR 1× | 2 Gbit/s | 250 MB/s | 2001, 2003 |
| Reflective memory or RFM2 (1.25 μs latency) | 2 Gbit/s | 250 MB/s | 2017 |
| RapidIO Gen1 1× | Gbit/s | 312.5 MB/s | 2000 |
| Gigabit Ethernet (2.5GBASE-T) | Gbit/s | 312.5 MB/s | 2016 |
| Quadrics QsNetI | Gbit/s | 450 MB/s | |
| InfiniBand DDR 1× | 4 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s | 2005 |
| RapidIO Gen2 1× | 5 Gbit/s | 625 MB/s | 2008 |
| 5 Gigabit Ethernet (5GBASE-T) | 5 Gbit/s | 625 MB/s | 2016 |
| InfiniBand QDR 1× | 8 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s | 2007 |
| InfiniBand SDR 4× | 8 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s | 2001, 2003 |
| Quadrics QsNetII | 8 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen1 4x | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | |
| RapidIO Gen2 2x | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | 2008 |
| 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GBASE-X) | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | 2002-2006 |
| Myri 10G | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | |
| InfiniBand FDR-10 1× | 10 Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | 2011 |
| NUMAlink 2 | Gbit/s | 1.6 GB/s | 1996 |
| InfiniBand FDR 1× | Gbit/s | 1.7 GB/s | 2011 |
| InfiniBand SDR 8× | 16 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s | 2001, 2003 |
| InfiniBand DDR 4× | 16 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s | 2005 |
| RapidIO Gen2 4x | 20 Gbit/s | 2.5 GB/s | 2008 |
| Scalable Coherent Interface (SCI) Dual Channel SCI, x8 PCIe | 20 Gbit/s | 2.5 GB/s | |
| InfiniBand SDR 12× | 24 Gbit/s | 3 GB/s | |
· Bandwidths › Wireless networks
Classic WaveLAN
Classic WaveLAN
Standard
Classic WaveLAN
Maximum Link Rate
2 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
250 kB/s
Year
1988
IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.11
Standard
IEEE 802.11
Maximum Link Rate
2 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
250 kB/s
Year
1997
RONJA (full duplex)
RONJA (full duplex)
Standard
RONJA (full duplex)
Maximum Link Rate
10 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
1.25 MB/s
Year
2001
IEEE 802.11a
IEEE 802.11a
Standard
IEEE 802.11a
Maximum Link Rate
54 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
6.75 MB/s
Year
1999
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11b
Standard
IEEE 802.11b
Maximum Link Rate
11 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
1.375 MB/s
Year
1999
IEEE 802.11g
IEEE 802.11g
Standard
IEEE 802.11g
Maximum Link Rate
54 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
6.75 MB/s
Year
2003
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)
Standard
IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX)
Maximum Link Rate
70 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
8.75 MB/s
Year
2004
IEEE 802.11g withSuper G by Atheros
IEEE 802.11g withSuper G by Atheros
Standard
IEEE 802.11g withSuper G by Atheros
Maximum Link Rate
108 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
13.5 MB/s
Year
2003
IEEE 802.11g with 125 HighSpeed Mode by Broadcom
IEEE 802.11g with 125 HighSpeed Mode by Broadcom
Standard
IEEE 802.11g with 125 HighSpeed Mode by Broadcom
Maximum Link Rate
125 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
15.625 MB/s
Year
2003
IEEE 802.11g with Nitro by Conexant
IEEE 802.11g with Nitro by Conexant
Standard
IEEE 802.11g with Nitro by Conexant
Maximum Link Rate
140 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
17.5 MB/s
Year
2003
IEEE 802.11n (aka Wi-Fi 4)
IEEE 802.11n (aka Wi-Fi 4)
Standard
IEEE 802.11n (aka Wi-Fi 4)
Maximum Link Rate
600 Mbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
75 MB/s
Year
2009
IEEE 802.11ac (aka Wi-Fi 5)
IEEE 802.11ac (aka Wi-Fi 5)
Standard
IEEE 802.11ac (aka Wi-Fi 5)
Maximum Link Rate
6.8–6.93 Gbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
850–866.25 MB/s
Year
2012
IEEE 802.11ad
IEEE 802.11ad
Standard
IEEE 802.11ad
Maximum Link Rate
7.14–7.2 Gbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
892.5–900 MB/s
Year
2011
IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6/6E)
IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6/6E)
Standard
IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6/6E)
Maximum Link Rate
11 Gbit/s
Maximum Link Rate
1.375 GB/s
Year
2019
IEEE 802.11be (aka Wi-Fi 7 orExtremely High Throughput (EHT))
IEEE 802.11be (aka Wi-Fi 7 orExtremely High Throughput (EHT))
Standard
IEEE 802.11be (aka Wi-Fi 7 orExtremely High Throughput (EHT))
Maximum Link Rate
46.12 Gbit/sexpected
Maximum Link Rate
5.765 GB/sexpected
Year
Late 2024expected
IEEE 802.11bn (aka Wi-Fi 8 orUltra High Reliability (UHR))
IEEE 802.11bn (aka Wi-Fi 8 orUltra High Reliability (UHR))
Standard
IEEE 802.11bn (aka Wi-Fi 8 orUltra High Reliability (UHR))
Maximum Link Rate
100 Gbit/sexpected
Maximum Link Rate
12.5 GB/sexpected
Year
2028expected
IEEE 802.11ay (aka EnhancedThroughput for Operation in License-exempt Bands above 45 GHz)
IEEE 802.11ay (aka EnhancedThroughput for Operation in License-exempt Bands above 45 GHz)
Standard
IEEE 802.11ay (aka EnhancedThroughput for Operation in License-exempt Bands above 45 GHz)
Maximum Link Rate
176 Gbit/sexpected
Maximum Link Rate
22 GB/sexpected
Year
March 2021standardized
| Standard | Maximum Link Rate | Year | |
| Classic WaveLAN | 2 Mbit/s | 250 kB/s | 1988 |
| IEEE 802.11 | 2 Mbit/s | 250 kB/s | 1997 |
| RONJA (full duplex) | 10 Mbit/s | 1.25 MB/s | 2001 |
| IEEE 802.11a | 54 Mbit/s | 6.75 MB/s | 1999 |
| IEEE 802.11b | 11 Mbit/s | 1.375 MB/s | 1999 |
| IEEE 802.11g | 54 Mbit/s | 6.75 MB/s | 2003 |
| IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) | 70 Mbit/s | 8.75 MB/s | 2004 |
| IEEE 802.11g withSuper G by Atheros | 108 Mbit/s | 13.5 MB/s | 2003 |
| IEEE 802.11g with 125 HighSpeed Mode by Broadcom | 125 Mbit/s | 15.625 MB/s | 2003 |
| IEEE 802.11g with Nitro by Conexant | 140 Mbit/s | 17.5 MB/s | 2003 |
| IEEE 802.11n (aka Wi-Fi 4) | 600 Mbit/s | 75 MB/s | 2009 |
| IEEE 802.11ac (aka Wi-Fi 5) | Gbit/s | 850–866.25 MB/s | 2012 |
| IEEE 802.11ad | Gbit/s | 892.5–900 MB/s | 2011 |
| IEEE 802.11ax (aka Wi-Fi 6/6E) | 11 Gbit/s | 1.375 GB/s | 2019 |
| IEEE 802.11be (aka Wi-Fi 7 orExtremely High Throughput (EHT)) | Gbit/sexpected | sexpected | Late 2024expected |
| IEEE 802.11bn (aka Wi-Fi 8 orUltra High Reliability (UHR)) | 100 Gbit/sexpected | sexpected | 2028expected |
| IEEE 802.11ay (aka EnhancedThroughput for Operation in License-exempt Bands above 45 GHz) | 176 Gbit/sexpected | 22 GB/sexpected | March 2021standardized |
· Bandwidths › Wireless personal area networks
ANT
ANT
Technology
ANT
Rate
20 kbit/s
Rate
2.5 kB/s
IrDA-Control
IrDA-Control
Technology
IrDA-Control
Rate
72 kbit/s
Rate
9 kB/s
IrDA-SIR
IrDA-SIR
Technology
IrDA-SIR
Rate
115.2 kbit/s
Rate
14 kB/s
802.15.4 (2.4 GHz)
802.15.4 (2.4 GHz)
Technology
802.15.4 (2.4 GHz)
Rate
250 kbit/s
Rate
31.25 kB/s
Bluetooth 1.1
Bluetooth 1.1
Technology
Bluetooth 1.1
Rate
1 Mbit/s
Rate
125 kB/s
Year
2002
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR
Technology
Bluetooth 2.0+EDR
Rate
3 Mbit/s
Rate
375 kB/s
Year
2004
IrDA-FIR
IrDA-FIR
Technology
IrDA-FIR
Rate
4 Mbit/s
Rate
500 kB/s
IrDA-VFIR
IrDA-VFIR
Technology
IrDA-VFIR
Rate
16 Mbit/s
Rate
2 MB/s
Bluetooth 3.0
Bluetooth 3.0
Technology
Bluetooth 3.0
Rate
25 Mbit/s
Rate
3.125 MB/s
Year
2009
Bluetooth 4.0
Bluetooth 4.0
Technology
Bluetooth 4.0
Rate
25 Mbit/s
Rate
3.125 MB/s
Year
2010
Bluetooth 5.0
Bluetooth 5.0
Technology
Bluetooth 5.0
Rate
50 Mbit/s
Rate
6.25 MB/s
Year
2016
IrDA-UFIR
IrDA-UFIR
Technology
IrDA-UFIR
Rate
96 Mbit/s
Rate
12 MB/s
WUSB-UWB
WUSB-UWB
Technology
WUSB-UWB
Rate
480 Mbit/s
Rate
60 MB/s
IrDA-Giga-IR
IrDA-Giga-IR
Technology
IrDA-Giga-IR
Rate
1024 Mbit/s
Rate
128 MB/s
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| ANT | 20 kbit/s | 2.5 kB/s | |
| IrDA-Control | 72 kbit/s | 9 kB/s | |
| IrDA-SIR | kbit/s | 14 kB/s | |
| GHz) | 250 kbit/s | 31.25 kB/s | |
| Bluetooth 1.1 | 1 Mbit/s | 125 kB/s | 2002 |
| Bluetooth 2.0+EDR | 3 Mbit/s | 375 kB/s | 2004 |
| IrDA-FIR | 4 Mbit/s | 500 kB/s | |
| IrDA-VFIR | 16 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | |
| Bluetooth 3.0 | 25 Mbit/s | 3.125 MB/s | 2009 |
| Bluetooth 4.0 | 25 Mbit/s | 3.125 MB/s | 2010 |
| Bluetooth 5.0 | 50 Mbit/s | 6.25 MB/s | 2016 |
| IrDA-UFIR | 96 Mbit/s | 12 MB/s | |
| WUSB-UWB | 480 Mbit/s | 60 MB/s | |
| IrDA-Giga-IR | 1024 Mbit/s | 128 MB/s | |
· Bandwidths › Computer buses › Main buses
I²C
I²C
Technology
I²C
Rate
3.4 Mbit/s
Rate
425 kB/s
Year
1992 (standardized)
Apple II (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz
Apple II (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz
Technology
Apple II (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz
Rate
8 Mbit/s
Rate
1 MB/s
Year
1977
SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1 MHz
SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1 MHz
Technology
SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1 MHz
Rate
8 Mbit/s
Rate
1 MB/s
Year
1975
Unibus 16-bit/async
Unibus 16-bit/async
Technology
Unibus 16-bit/async
Rate
12 Mbit/s
Rate
1.5 MB/s
Year
1969
STD-80 8-bit/8 MHz
STD-80 8-bit/8 MHz
Technology
STD-80 8-bit/8 MHz
Rate
16 Mbit/s
Rate
2 MB/s
Q-bus 16-bit/async
Q-bus 16-bit/async
Technology
Q-bus 16-bit/async
Rate
24 Mbit/s
Rate
3 MB/s
Year
1975
ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz
ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz
Technology
ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz
Rate
0 W/S: every 4 clocks 8 bits1 W/S: every 5 clocks 8 bits
Rate
0 W/S: every 4 clocks 1 byte1 W/S: every 5 clocks 1 byte
Year
1981 (created)
STD-80 16-bit/8 MHz
STD-80 16-bit/8 MHz
Technology
STD-80 16-bit/8 MHz
Rate
32 Mbit/s
Rate
4 MB/s
I3C (HDR mode)
I3C (HDR mode)
Technology
I3C (HDR mode)
Rate
33.3 Mbit/s
Rate
4.16 MB/s
Year
2017
Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz
Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz
Technology
Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz
Rate
42.4 Mbit/s
Rate
5.3 MB/s
Year
1986
ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz
ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz
Technology
ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz
Rate
66.64 Mbit/s
Rate
8.33 MB/s
Year
1984 (created)
Europe Card Bus 8-Bit/10 MHz
Europe Card Bus 8-Bit/10 MHz
Technology
Europe Card Bus 8-Bit/10 MHz
Rate
66.7 Mbit/s
Rate
8.33 MB/s
Year
1977 (created)
S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz
S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz
Technology
S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz
Rate
80 Mbit/s
Rate
10 MB/s
Year
1976 (published)
Serial Peripheral Interface (Up to 100 MHz)
Serial Peripheral Interface (Up to 100 MHz)
Technology
Serial Peripheral Interface (Up to 100 MHz)
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Year
1989
Low Pin Count
Low Pin Count
Technology
Low Pin Count
Rate
125 Mbit/s
Rate
15 .mw- [x]
Year
2002
STEbus 8-Bit/16 MHz
STEbus 8-Bit/16 MHz
Technology
STEbus 8-Bit/16 MHz
Rate
128 Mbit/s
Rate
16 MB/s
Year
1987 (standardized)
C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz
C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz
Technology
C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz
Rate
160 Mbit/s
Rate
20 MB/s
Year
1982
HP Precision Bus
HP Precision Bus
Technology
HP Precision Bus
Rate
184 Mbit/s
Rate
23 MB/s
STD-32 32-bit/8 MHz
STD-32 32-bit/8 MHz
Technology
STD-32 32-bit/8 MHz
Rate
256 Mbit/s
Rate
32 MB/s
NESA 32-bit/8 MHz
NESA 32-bit/8 MHz
Technology
NESA 32-bit/8 MHz
Rate
256 Mbit/s
Rate
32 MB/s
EISA 32-bit/8.33 MHz
EISA 32-bit/8.33 MHz
Technology
EISA 32-bit/8.33 MHz
Rate
266.56 Mbit/s
Rate
33.32 MB/s
Year
1988
VME64 32-64bit
VME64 32-64bit
Technology
VME64 32-64bit
Rate
400 Mbit/s
Rate
40 MB/s
Year
1981
MCA 32bit/10 MHz
MCA 32bit/10 MHz
Technology
MCA 32bit/10 MHz
Rate
400 Mbit/s
Rate
40 MB/s
Year
1987
NuBus 10 MHz
NuBus 10 MHz
Technology
NuBus 10 MHz
Rate
400 Mbit/s
Rate
40 MB/s
Year
1987 (standardized)
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz
Technology
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz
Rate
400 Mbit/s
Rate
50 MB/s
NuBus90 20 MHz
NuBus90 20 MHz
Technology
NuBus90 20 MHz
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
80 MB/s
Year
1991
MCA 32bit/20 MHz
MCA 32bit/20 MHz
Technology
MCA 32bit/20 MHz
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
80 MB/s
Year
1992
APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz
APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz
Technology
APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
100 MB/s
Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz
Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz
Technology
Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
100 MB/s
Year
1989
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz
Technology
DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
100 MB/s
Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz
Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz
Technology
Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz
Rate
1056 Mbit/s
Rate
132 MB/s
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/33 MHz
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/33 MHz
Technology
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/33 MHz
Rate
1067 Mbit/s
Rate
133.33 MB/s
Year
1992
PCI 32-bit/33 MHz
PCI 32-bit/33 MHz
Technology
PCI 32-bit/33 MHz
Rate
1067 Mbit/s
Rate
133.33 MB/s
Year
1993
HP GSC-1X
HP GSC-1X
Technology
HP GSC-1X
Rate
1136 Mbit/s
Rate
142 MB/s
Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz)
Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz)
Technology
Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz)
Rate
1200 Mbit/s
Rate
150 MB/s
Year
1990
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/40 MHz
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/40 MHz
Technology
VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/40 MHz
Rate
1280 Mbit/s
Rate
160 MB/s
Year
1992
Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz
Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz
Technology
Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz
Rate
1.6 Gbit/s
Rate
200 MB/s
Year
1995
HP GSC-2X
HP GSC-2X
Technology
HP GSC-2X
Rate
2.048 Gbit/s
Rate
256 MB/s
PCI 64-bit/33 MHz
PCI 64-bit/33 MHz
Technology
PCI 64-bit/33 MHz
Rate
2.133 Gbit/s
Rate
266.7 MB/s
Year
1993
PCI 32-bit/66 MHz
PCI 32-bit/66 MHz
Technology
PCI 32-bit/66 MHz
Rate
2.133 Gbit/s
Rate
266.7 MB/s
Year
1995
AGP 1×
AGP 1×
Technology
AGP 1×
Rate
2.133 Gbit/s
Rate
266.7 MB/s
Year
1997
PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)
PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)
Technology
PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link)
Rate
2.5 Gbit/s
Rate
250 MB/s [z]
Year
2004
RapidIO Gen1 1×
RapidIO Gen1 1×
Technology
RapidIO Gen1 1×
Rate
2.5 Gbit/s
Rate
312.5 MB/s
HIO bus
HIO bus
Technology
HIO bus
Rate
2.560 Gbit/s
Rate
320 MB/s
GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz
GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz
Technology
GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz
Rate
2.560 Gbit/s
Rate
320 MB/s
PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)
PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)
Technology
PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link)
Rate
5 Gbit/s
Rate
500 MB/s [z]
Year
2007
AGP 2×
AGP 2×
Technology
AGP 2×
Rate
4.266 Gbit/s
Rate
533.3 MB/s
Year
1997
PCI 64-bit/66 MHz
PCI 64-bit/66 MHz
Technology
PCI 64-bit/66 MHz
Rate
4.266 Gbit/s
Rate
533.3 MB/s
PCI-X DDR 16-bit
PCI-X DDR 16-bit
Technology
PCI-X DDR 16-bit
Rate
4.266 Gbit/s
Rate
533.3 MB/s
RapidIO Gen2 1×
RapidIO Gen2 1×
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 1×
Rate
5 Gbit/s
Rate
625 MB/s
PCI 64-bit/100 MHz
PCI 64-bit/100 MHz
Technology
PCI 64-bit/100 MHz
Rate
6.4 Gbit/s
Rate
800 MB/s
PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)
PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)
Technology
PCI Express 3.0 (×1 link)
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
984.6 MB/s [y]
Year
2011
Unified Media Interface (UMI) (×4 link)
Unified Media Interface (UMI) (×4 link)
Technology
Unified Media Interface (UMI) (×4 link)
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s [z]
Year
2011
Direct Media Interface (DMI) (×4 link)
Direct Media Interface (DMI) (×4 link)
Technology
Direct Media Interface (DMI) (×4 link)
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s [z]
Year
2004
Enterprise Southbridge Interface (ESI)
Enterprise Southbridge Interface (ESI)
Technology
Enterprise Southbridge Interface (ESI)
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s
PCI Express 1.0 (×4 link)
PCI Express 1.0 (×4 link)
Technology
PCI Express 1.0 (×4 link)
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s [z]
Year
2004
AGP 4×
AGP 4×
Technology
AGP 4×
Rate
8.533 Gbit/s
Rate
1.067 GB/s
Year
1998
PCI-X 133
PCI-X 133
Technology
PCI-X 133
Rate
8.533 Gbit/s
Rate
1.067 GB/s
PCI-X QDR 16-bit
PCI-X QDR 16-bit
Technology
PCI-X QDR 16-bit
Rate
8.533 Gbit/s
Rate
1.067 GB/s
InfiniBand single 4×
InfiniBand single 4×
Technology
InfiniBand single 4×
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s [z]
RapidIO Gen1 4×
RapidIO Gen1 4×
Technology
RapidIO Gen1 4×
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 2×
RapidIO Gen2 2×
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 2×
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
UPA
UPA
Technology
UPA
Rate
15.360 Gbit/s
Rate
1.92 GB/s
Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0; ×4 link)
Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0; ×4 link)
Technology
Unified Media Interface 2.0 (UMI 2.0; ×4 link)
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s [z]
Year
2012
Direct Media Interface 2.0 (DMI 2.0; ×4 link)
Direct Media Interface 2.0 (DMI 2.0; ×4 link)
Technology
Direct Media Interface 2.0 (DMI 2.0; ×4 link)
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s [z]
Year
2011
PCI Express 1.0 (×8 link)
PCI Express 1.0 (×8 link)
Technology
PCI Express 1.0 (×8 link)
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s [z]
Year
2004
PCI Express 2.0 (×4 link)
PCI Express 2.0 (×4 link)
Technology
PCI Express 2.0 (×4 link)
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s [z]
Year
2007
AGP 8×
AGP 8×
Technology
AGP 8×
Rate
17.066 Gbit/s
Rate
2.133 GB/s
Year
2002
PCI-X DDR
PCI-X DDR
Technology
PCI-X DDR
Rate
17.066 Gbit/s
Rate
2.133 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 4×
RapidIO Gen2 4×
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 4×
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2.5 GB/s
Sun JBus (200 MHz)
Sun JBus (200 MHz)
Technology
Sun JBus (200 MHz)
Rate
20.48 Gbit/s
Rate
2.56 GB/s
Year
2003
HyperTransport (800 MHz, 16-pair)
HyperTransport (800 MHz, 16-pair)
Technology
HyperTransport (800 MHz, 16-pair)
Rate
25.6 Gbit/s
Rate
3.2 GB/s
Year
2001
PCI Express 3.0 (×4 link)
PCI Express 3.0 (×4 link)
Technology
PCI Express 3.0 (×4 link)
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
3.94 GB/s [y]
Year
2011
HyperTransport (1 GHz, 16-pair)
HyperTransport (1 GHz, 16-pair)
Technology
HyperTransport (1 GHz, 16-pair)
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s
PCI Express 1.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 1.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 1.0 (×16 link)
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s [z]
Year
2004
PCI Express 2.0 (×8 link)
PCI Express 2.0 (×8 link)
Technology
PCI Express 2.0 (×8 link)
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s [z]
Year
2007
PCI-X QDR
PCI-X QDR
Technology
PCI-X QDR
Rate
34.133 Gbit/s
Rate
4.266 GB/s
AGP 8× 64-bit
AGP 8× 64-bit
Technology
AGP 8× 64-bit
Rate
34.133 Gbit/s
Rate
4.266 GB/s
RapidIO Gen2 8x
RapidIO Gen2 8x
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 8x
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Direct Media Interface 3.0 (DMI 3.0; ×4 link)
Direct Media Interface 3.0 (DMI 3.0; ×4 link)
Technology
Direct Media Interface 3.0 (DMI 3.0; ×4 link)
Rate
31.5 Gbit/s
Rate
3.94 GB/s [y]
Year
2015
CXL Specification 3.0 & 3.1 (×1 link)
CXL Specification 3.0 & 3.1 (×1 link)
Technology
CXL Specification 3.0 & 3.1 (×1 link)
Rate
60.504 Gbit/s
Rate
7.563 GB/s
Year
2022, 2023
PCI Express 3.0 (×8 link)
PCI Express 3.0 (×8 link)
Technology
PCI Express 3.0 (×8 link)
Rate
64 Gbit/s
Rate
7.88 GB/s [y]
Year
2011
PCI Express 2.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 2.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 2.0 (×16 link)
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
8 GB/s [z]
Year
2007
RapidIO Gen2 16x
RapidIO Gen2 16x
Technology
RapidIO Gen2 16x
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
10 GB/s
PCI Express 5.0 (×4 link)
PCI Express 5.0 (×4 link)
Technology
PCI Express 5.0 (×4 link)
Rate
128 Gbit/s
Rate
15.75 GB/s[y]
Year
2019
PCI Express 3.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 3.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 3.0 (×16 link)
Rate
128 Gbit/s
Rate
15.75 GB/s [y]
Year
2011
CAPI
CAPI
Technology
CAPI
Rate
128 Gbit/s
Rate
15.75 GB/s [y]
Year
2014
QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz)
QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz)
Technology
QPI (4.80GT/s, 2.40 GHz)
Rate
153.6 Gbit/s
Rate
19.2 GB/s
HyperTransport 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair)
HyperTransport 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair)
Technology
HyperTransport 2.0 (1.4 GHz, 32-pair)
Rate
179.2 Gbit/s
Rate
22.4 GB/s
Year
2004
QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz)
QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz)
Technology
QPI (5.86GT/s, 2.93 GHz)
Rate
187.52 Gbit/s
Rate
23.44 GB/s
QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz)
QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz)
Technology
QPI (6.40GT/s, 3.20 GHz)
Rate
204.8 Gbit/s
Rate
25.6 GB/s
QPI (7.2GT/s, 3.6 GHz)
QPI (7.2GT/s, 3.6 GHz)
Technology
QPI (7.2GT/s, 3.6 GHz)
Rate
230.4 Gbit/s
Rate
28.8 GB/s
Year
2012
PCI Express 6.0 (×4 link)
PCI Express 6.0 (×4 link)
Technology
PCI Express 6.0 (×4 link)
Rate
242 Gbit/s
Rate
30.25 GB/s[w]
Year
2022
PCI Express 4.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 4.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 4.0 (×16 link)
Rate
256 Gbit/s
Rate
31.51 GB/s[y]
Year
2018
CAPI 2
CAPI 2
Technology
CAPI 2
Rate
256 Gbit/s
Rate
31.51 GB/s[y]
Year
2016
QPI (8.0GT/s, 4.0 GHz)
QPI (8.0GT/s, 4.0 GHz)
Technology
QPI (8.0GT/s, 4.0 GHz)
Rate
256.0 Gbit/s
Rate
32.0 GB/s
Year
2012
QPI (9.6GT/s, 4.8 GHz)
QPI (9.6GT/s, 4.8 GHz)
Technology
QPI (9.6GT/s, 4.8 GHz)
Rate
307.2 Gbit/s
Rate
38.4 GB/s
Year
2014
HyperTransport 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair)
HyperTransport 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair)
Technology
HyperTransport 3.0 (2.6 GHz, 32-pair)
Rate
332.8 Gbit/s
Rate
41.6 GB/s
Year
2006
HyperTransport 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair)
HyperTransport 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair)
Technology
HyperTransport 3.1 (3.2 GHz, 32-pair)
Rate
409.6 Gbit/s
Rate
51.2 GB/s
Year
2008
CXL Specification 1.x & 2.0 (×16 link)
CXL Specification 1.x & 2.0 (×16 link)
Technology
CXL Specification 1.x & 2.0 (×16 link)
Rate
512 Gbit/s
Rate
63.02 GB/s
Year
2019, 2020
PCI Express 5.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 5.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 5.0 (×16 link)
Rate
512 Gbit/s
Rate
63.02 GB/s[y]
Year
2019
NVLink 1.0
NVLink 1.0
Technology
NVLink 1.0
Rate
640 Gbit/s
Rate
80 GB/s
Year
2016
PCI Express 6.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 6.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 6.0 (×16 link)
Rate
968 Gbit/s
Rate
121 GB/s[w]
Year
2022
CXL Specification 3.0 & 3.1 (×16 link)
CXL Specification 3.0 & 3.1 (×16 link)
Technology
CXL Specification 3.0 & 3.1 (×16 link)
Rate
968 Gbit/s
Rate
121 GB/s
Year
2022, 2023
NVLink 2.0
NVLink 2.0
Technology
NVLink 2.0
Rate
1.2 Tbit/s
Rate
150 GB/s
Year
2017
PCI Express 7.0 (×16 link)
PCI Express 7.0 (×16 link)
Technology
PCI Express 7.0 (×16 link)
Rate
1.936 Tbit/s
Rate
242 GB/s[w]
Year
2025
Infinity Fabric (Max. theoretical)
Infinity Fabric (Max. theoretical)
Technology
Infinity Fabric (Max. theoretical)
Rate
4.096 Tbit/s
Rate
512 GB/s
Year
2017
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| I²C | Mbit/s | 425 kB/s | 1992 (standardized) |
| Apple II (incl. Apple IIGS) 8-bit/1 MHz | 8 Mbit/s | 1 MB/s | 1977 |
| SS-50 Bus 8-bit/1 MHz | 8 Mbit/s | 1 MB/s | 1975 |
| Unibus 16-bit/async | 12 Mbit/s | 1.5 MB/s | 1969 |
| STD-80 8-bit/8 MHz | 16 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | |
| Q-bus 16-bit/async | 24 Mbit/s | 3 MB/s | 1975 |
| ISA 8-Bit/4.77 MHz | 0 W/S: every 4 clocks 8 bits1 W/S: every 5 clocks 8 bits | 0 W/S: every 4 clocks 1 byte1 W/S: every 5 clocks 1 byte | 1981 (created) |
| STD-80 16-bit/8 MHz | 32 Mbit/s | 4 MB/s | |
| I3C (HDR mode) | Mbit/s | 4.16 MB/s | 2017 |
| Zorro II 16-bit/7.14 MHz | Mbit/s | 5.3 MB/s | 1986 |
| ISA 16-Bit/8.33 MHz | Mbit/s | 8.33 MB/s | 1984 (created) |
| Europe Card Bus 8-Bit/10 MHz | Mbit/s | 8.33 MB/s | 1977 (created) |
| S-100 bus 8-bit/10 MHz | 80 Mbit/s | 10 MB/s | 1976 (published) |
| Serial Peripheral Interface (Up to 100 MHz) | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | 1989 |
| Low Pin Count | 125 Mbit/s | 15 [x] | 2002 |
| STEbus 8-Bit/16 MHz | 128 Mbit/s | 16 MB/s | 1987 (standardized) |
| C-Bus 16-bit/10 MHz | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | 1982 |
| HP Precision Bus | 184 Mbit/s | 23 MB/s | |
| STD-32 32-bit/8 MHz | 256 Mbit/s | 32 MB/s | |
| NESA 32-bit/8 MHz | 256 Mbit/s | 32 MB/s | |
| EISA 32-bit/8.33 MHz | Mbit/s | 33.32 MB/s | 1988 |
| VME64 32-64bit | 400 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | 1981 |
| MCA 32bit/10 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | 1987 |
| NuBus 10 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | 1987 (standardized) |
| DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/12.5 MHz | 400 Mbit/s | 50 MB/s | |
| NuBus90 20 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | 1991 |
| MCA 32bit/20 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | 1992 |
| APbus 32-bit/25(?) MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | |
| Sbus 32-bit/25 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | 1989 |
| DEC TURBOchannel 32-bit/25 MHz | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | |
| Local Bus 98 32-bit/33 MHz | 1056 Mbit/s | 132 MB/s | |
| VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/33 MHz | 1067 Mbit/s | 133.33 MB/s | 1992 |
| PCI 32-bit/33 MHz | 1067 Mbit/s | 133.33 MB/s | 1993 |
| HP GSC-1X | 1136 Mbit/s | 142 MB/s | |
| Zorro III 32-bit/async (eq. 37.5 MHz) | 1200 Mbit/s | 150 MB/s | 1990 |
| VESA Local Bus (VLB) 32-bit/40 MHz | 1280 Mbit/s | 160 MB/s | 1992 |
| Sbus 64-bit/25 MHz | Gbit/s | 200 MB/s | 1995 |
| HP GSC-2X | Gbit/s | 256 MB/s | |
| PCI 64-bit/33 MHz | Gbit/s | 266.7 MB/s | 1993 |
| PCI 32-bit/66 MHz | Gbit/s | 266.7 MB/s | 1995 |
| AGP 1× | Gbit/s | 266.7 MB/s | 1997 |
| PCI Express 1.0 (×1 link) | Gbit/s | 250 MB/s [z] | 2004 |
| RapidIO Gen1 1× | Gbit/s | 312.5 MB/s | |
| HIO bus | Gbit/s | 320 MB/s | |
| GIO64 64-bit/40 MHz | Gbit/s | 320 MB/s | |
| PCI Express 2.0 (×1 link) | 5 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s [z] | 2007 |
| AGP 2× | Gbit/s | 533.3 MB/s | 1997 |
| PCI 64-bit/66 MHz | Gbit/s | 533.3 MB/s | |
| PCI-X DDR 16-bit | Gbit/s | 533.3 MB/s | |
· Bandwidths › Computer buses › Portable
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode
Technology
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode
Rate
31.36 Mbit/s
Rate
3.92 MB/s
Year
1990
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode
Technology
PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode
Rate
62.72 Mbit/s
Rate
7.84 MB/s
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode
Technology
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode
Rate
80 Mbit/s
Rate
10 MB/s
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode
Technology
PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode
Rate
160 Mbit/s
Rate
20 MB/s
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode
Technology
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode
Rate
267 Mbit/s
Rate
33.33 MB/s
ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode
ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode
Technology
ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode
Rate
480 Mbit/s
Rate
60 MB/s
Year
2003
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode
Technology
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode
Rate
533 Mbit/s
Rate
66.66 MB/s
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode
Technology
PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode
Rate
1067 Mbit/s
Rate
133.33 MB/s
ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode
ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode
Technology
ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode
Rate
2500 Mbit/s
Rate
250 MB/s
Year
2008
ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode
ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode
Technology
ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode
Rate
4800 Mbit/s
Rate
600 MB/s
ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode
ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode
Technology
ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode
Rate
5000 Mbit/s
Rate
625 MB/s
Year
2009
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| PC Card 16-bit 255 ns byte mode | Mbit/s | 3.92 MB/s | 1990 |
| PC Card 16-bit 255 ns word mode | Mbit/s | 7.84 MB/s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 100 ns byte mode | 80 Mbit/s | 10 MB/s | |
| PC Card 16-bit 100 ns word mode | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) byte mode | 267 Mbit/s | 33.33 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 1.2 USB 2.0 mode | 480 Mbit/s | 60 MB/s | 2003 |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) word mode | 533 Mbit/s | 66.66 MB/s | |
| PC Card 32-bit (CardBus) doubleword mode | 1067 Mbit/s | 133.33 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 1.2 PCI Express mode | 2500 Mbit/s | 250 MB/s | 2008 |
| ExpressCard 2.0 USB 3.0 mode | 4800 Mbit/s | 600 MB/s | |
| ExpressCard 2.0 PCI Express mode | 5000 Mbit/s | 625 MB/s | 2009 |
· Bandwidths › Computer buses › Storage
Teletype Model 33 paper tape
Teletype Model 33 paper tape
Technology
Teletype Model 33 paper tape
Rate
80 bit/s
Rate
10 B/s
Year
1963
TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface
TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface
Technology
TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface
Rate
250 bit/s
Rate
32 B/s
Year
1977
C2N Commodore Datasette 1530 cassette tape interface
C2N Commodore Datasette 1530 cassette tape interface
Technology
C2N Commodore Datasette 1530 cassette tape interface
Rate
300 bit/s
Rate
15 B/s
Year
1977
Apple II cassette tape interface
Apple II cassette tape interface
Technology
Apple II cassette tape interface
Rate
1.5 kbit/s
Rate
200 B/s
Year
1977
Amstrad CPC tape
Amstrad CPC tape
Technology
Amstrad CPC tape
Rate
2.0 kbit/s
Rate
250 B/s
Year
1984
Single Density 8-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB)
Single Density 8-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB)
Technology
Single Density 8-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB)
Rate
250 kbit/s
Rate
31 KB/s
Year
1973
Single Density 5.25-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (180 KB)
Single Density 5.25-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (180 KB)
Technology
Single Density 5.25-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (180 KB)
Rate
125 kbit/s
Rate
15.5 KB/s
Year
1978
High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB)
High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB)
Technology
High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB)
Rate
250 kbit/s
Rate
31 KB/s
Year
1984
CD Controller (1×)
CD Controller (1×)
Technology
CD Controller (1×)
Rate
1.171 Mbit/s
Rate
0.146 MB/s
Year
1988
MFM hard disk
MFM hard disk
Technology
MFM hard disk
Rate
5 Mbit/s
Rate
0.625 MB/s
Year
1980
RLL hard disk
RLL hard disk
Technology
RLL hard disk
Rate
7.5 Mbit/s
Rate
0.937 MB/s
DVD Controller (1×)
DVD Controller (1×)
Technology
DVD Controller (1×)
Rate
11.1 Mbit/s
Rate
1.32 MB/s
Massbus
Massbus
Technology
Massbus
Rate
32 Mbit/s
Rate
2 MB/s
Year
1972
ESDI
ESDI
Technology
ESDI
Rate
24 Mbit/s
Rate
3 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 0
ATA PIO Mode 0
Technology
ATA PIO Mode 0
Rate
26.4 Mbit/s
Rate
3.3 MB/s
Year
1986
HD DVD Controller (1×)
HD DVD Controller (1×)
Technology
HD DVD Controller (1×)
Rate
36 Mbit/s
Rate
4.5 MB/s
Blu-ray Controller (1×)
Blu-ray Controller (1×)
Technology
Blu-ray Controller (1×)
Rate
36 Mbit/s
Rate
4.5 MB/s
SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz)
SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz)
Technology
SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz)
Rate
40 Mbit/s
Rate
5 MB/s
Year
1986
ATA PIO Mode 1
ATA PIO Mode 1
Technology
ATA PIO Mode 1
Rate
41.6 Mbit/s
Rate
5.2 MB/s
Year
1994
ATA PIO Mode 2
ATA PIO Mode 2
Technology
ATA PIO Mode 2
Rate
66.4 Mbit/s
Rate
8.3 MB/s
Year
1994
Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz)
Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz)
Technology
Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz)
Rate
80 Mbit/s
Rate
10 MB/s
ATA PIO Mode 3
ATA PIO Mode 3
Technology
ATA PIO Mode 3
Rate
88.8 Mbit/s
Rate
11.1 MB/s
Year
1996
AoE over Fast Ethernet
AoE over Fast Ethernet
Technology
AoE over Fast Ethernet
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
11.9 MB/s
Year
2009
iSCSI over Fast Ethernet
iSCSI over Fast Ethernet
Technology
iSCSI over Fast Ethernet
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
11.9 MB/s
Year
2004
ATA PIO Mode 4
ATA PIO Mode 4
Technology
ATA PIO Mode 4
Rate
133.3 Mbit/s
Rate
16.7 MB/s
Year
1996
Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz)
Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz)
Technology
Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz)
Rate
160 Mbit/s
Rate
20 MB/s
Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz)
Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz)
Technology
Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz)
Rate
160 Mbit/s
Rate
20 MB/s
SD (High Speed)
SD (High Speed)
Technology
SD (High Speed)
Rate
200 Mbit/s
Rate
25 MB/s
Ultra DMA ATA 33
Ultra DMA ATA 33
Technology
Ultra DMA ATA 33
Rate
264 Mbit/s
Rate
33 MB/s
Year
1998
Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz)
Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz)
Technology
Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz)
Rate
320 Mbit/s
Rate
40 MB/s
Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz)
Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz)
Technology
Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz)
Rate
320 Mbit/s
Rate
40 MB/s
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-I Full Duplex)
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-I Full Duplex)
Technology
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-I Full Duplex)
Rate
400 Mbit/s
Rate
50 MB/s
Ultra DMA ATA 66
Ultra DMA ATA 66
Technology
Ultra DMA ATA 66
Rate
533.6 Mbit/s
Rate
66.7 MB/s
Year
2000
Blu-ray Controller (16×)
Blu-ray Controller (16×)
Technology
Blu-ray Controller (16×)
Rate
576 Mbit/s
Rate
72 MB/s
Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz)
Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz)
Technology
Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz)
Rate
640 Mbit/s
Rate
80 MB/s
Serial Storage Architecture SSA
Serial Storage Architecture SSA
Technology
Serial Storage Architecture SSA
Rate
640 Mbit/s
Rate
80 MB/s
Year
1990
Ultra DMA ATA 100
Ultra DMA ATA 100
Technology
Ultra DMA ATA 100
Rate
800 Mbit/s
Rate
100 MB/s
Year
2002
Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz)
Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz)
Technology
Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz)
Rate
850 Mbit/s
Rate
103.23 MB/s
Year
1997
AoE over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames
AoE over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames
Technology
AoE over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames
Rate
1 Gbit/s
Rate
124.2 MB/s
Year
2009
iSCSI over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames
iSCSI over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames
Technology
iSCSI over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames
Rate
1 Gbit/s
Rate
123.9 MB/s
Year
2004
Ultra DMA ATA 133
Ultra DMA ATA 133
Technology
Ultra DMA ATA 133
Rate
1.064 Gbit/s
Rate
133 MB/s
Year
2005
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-II Full Duplex)
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-II Full Duplex)
Technology
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-II Full Duplex)
Rate
1.25 Gbit/s
Rate
156 MB/s
Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR)
Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR)
Technology
Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR)
Rate
1.28 Gbit/s
Rate
160 MB/s
SATA revision 1.0
SATA revision 1.0
Technology
SATA revision 1.0
Rate
1.500 Gbit/s
Rate
150 MB/s [a]
Year
2003
Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz)
Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz)
Technology
Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz)
Rate
1.700 Gbit/s
Rate
206.5 MB/s
Year
2001
Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR)
Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR)
Technology
Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR)
Rate
2.560 Gbit/s
Rate
320 MB/s
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-1
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-1
Technology
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-1
Rate
3 Gbit/s
Rate
300 MB/s [a]
Year
2004
SATA Revision 2.0
SATA Revision 2.0
Technology
SATA Revision 2.0
Rate
3 Gbit/s
Rate
300 MB/s [a]
Year
2004
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-III Full Duplex)
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-III Full Duplex)
Technology
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-III Full Duplex)
Rate
2.5 Gbit/s
Rate
312 MB/s
Fibre Channel 4GFC (4.25 GHz)
Fibre Channel 4GFC (4.25 GHz)
Technology
Fibre Channel 4GFC (4.25 GHz)
Rate
3.4 Gbit/s
Rate
413 MB/s
Year
2004
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-2
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-2
Technology
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-2
Rate
6 Gbit/s
Rate
600 MB/s [a]
Year
2009
SATA Revision 3.0
SATA Revision 3.0
Technology
SATA Revision 3.0
Rate
6 Gbit/s
Rate
600 MB/s [a]
Year
2008
Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.50 GHz)
Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.50 GHz)
Technology
Fibre Channel 8GFC (8.50 GHz)
Rate
6.8 Gbit/s
Rate
826 MB/s
Year
2005
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (SD Express)
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (SD Express)
Technology
SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (SD Express)
Rate
7.9 Gbit/s
Rate
985 MB/s
AoE over 10GbE
AoE over 10GbE
Technology
AoE over 10GbE
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.242 GB/s
Year
2009
iSCSI over 10GbE
iSCSI over 10GbE
Technology
iSCSI over 10GbE
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.239 GB/s
Year
2004
FCoE over 10GbE
FCoE over 10GbE
Technology
FCoE over 10GbE
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.206 GB/s
Year
2009
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-3
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-3
Technology
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-3
Rate
12 Gbit/s
Rate
1.2 GB/s
Year
2013
Fibre Channel 16GFC (14.025 GHz)
Fibre Channel 16GFC (14.025 GHz)
Technology
Fibre Channel 16GFC (14.025 GHz)
Rate
13.6 Gbit/s
Rate
1.652 GB/s [b]
Year
2011
SATA Express
SATA Express
Technology
SATA Express
Rate
16 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s
Year
2013
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-4
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-4
Technology
Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-4
Rate
22.5 Gbit/s
Rate
2.4 GB/s [c]
Year
2017
UFS (version 3.0)
UFS (version 3.0)
Technology
UFS (version 3.0)
Rate
23.2 Gbit/s
Rate
2.9 GB/s
Year
2018
Fibre Channel 32GFC (28.05 GHz)
Fibre Channel 32GFC (28.05 GHz)
Technology
Fibre Channel 32GFC (28.05 GHz)
Rate
26.424 Gbit/s
Rate
3.303 GB/s [b]
Year
2016
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 3.0 ×4 link)
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 3.0 ×4 link)
Technology
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 3.0 ×4 link)
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
3.938 GB/s
Year
2013
iSCSI over InfiniBand 4×
iSCSI over InfiniBand 4×
Technology
iSCSI over InfiniBand 4×
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s
Year
2007
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 4.0 ×4 link)
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 4.0 ×4 link)
Technology
NVMe over M.2 or U.2 (using PCI Express 4.0 ×4 link)
Rate
64 Gbit/s
Rate
7.876 GB/s
Year
2017
iSCSI over 100G Ethernet
iSCSI over 100G Ethernet
Technology
iSCSI over 100G Ethernet
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.392 GB/s
Year
2010
FCoE over 100G Ethernet
FCoE over 100G Ethernet
Technology
FCoE over 100G Ethernet
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.064 GB/s
Year
2010
NVMe over M.2, U.2, U.3 or EDSFF (using PCI Express 5.0 ×4 link)
NVMe over M.2, U.2, U.3 or EDSFF (using PCI Express 5.0 ×4 link)
Technology
NVMe over M.2, U.2, U.3 or EDSFF (using PCI Express 5.0 ×4 link)
Rate
128 Gbit/s
Rate
15.754 GB/s
Year
2019
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| Teletype Model 33 paper tape | 80 bit/s | 10 B/s | 1963 |
| TRS-80 Model 1 Level 1 BASIC cassette tape interface | 250 bit/s | 32 B/s | 1977 |
| C2N Commodore Datasette 1530 cassette tape interface | 300 bit/s | 15 B/s | 1977 |
| Apple II cassette tape interface | kbit/s | 200 B/s | 1977 |
| Amstrad CPC tape | kbit/s | 250 B/s | 1984 |
| Single Density 8-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (160 KB) | 250 kbit/s | 31 KB/s | 1973 |
| Single Density 5.25-inch FM Floppy Disk Controller (180 KB) | 125 kbit/s | 15.5 KB/s | 1978 |
| High Density MFM Floppy Disk Controller (1.2 MB/1.44 MB) | 250 kbit/s | 31 KB/s | 1984 |
| CD Controller (1×) | Mbit/s | 0.146 MB/s | 1988 |
| MFM hard disk | 5 Mbit/s | 0.625 MB/s | 1980 |
| RLL hard disk | Mbit/s | 0.937 MB/s | |
| DVD Controller (1×) | Mbit/s | 1.32 MB/s | |
| Massbus | 32 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | 1972 |
| ESDI | 24 Mbit/s | 3 MB/s | |
| ATA PIO Mode 0 | Mbit/s | 3.3 MB/s | 1986 |
| HD DVD Controller (1×) | 36 Mbit/s | 4.5 MB/s | |
| Blu-ray Controller (1×) | 36 Mbit/s | 4.5 MB/s | |
| SCSI (Narrow SCSI) (5 MHz) | 40 Mbit/s | 5 MB/s | 1986 |
| ATA PIO Mode 1 | Mbit/s | 5.2 MB/s | 1994 |
| ATA PIO Mode 2 | Mbit/s | 8.3 MB/s | 1994 |
| Fast SCSI (8 bits/10 MHz) | 80 Mbit/s | 10 MB/s | |
| ATA PIO Mode 3 | Mbit/s | 11.1 MB/s | 1996 |
| AoE over Fast Ethernet | 100 Mbit/s | 11.9 MB/s | 2009 |
| iSCSI over Fast Ethernet | 100 Mbit/s | 11.9 MB/s | 2004 |
| ATA PIO Mode 4 | Mbit/s | 16.7 MB/s | 1996 |
| Fast Wide SCSI (16 bits/10 MHz) | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | |
| Ultra SCSI (Fast-20 SCSI) (8 bits/20 MHz) | 160 Mbit/s | 20 MB/s | |
| SD (High Speed) | 200 Mbit/s | 25 MB/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA 33 | 264 Mbit/s | 33 MB/s | 1998 |
| Ultra Wide SCSI (16 bits/20 MHz) | 320 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | |
| Ultra-2 SCSI 40 (Fast-40 SCSI) (8 bits/40 MHz) | 320 Mbit/s | 40 MB/s | |
| SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-I Full Duplex) | 400 Mbit/s | 50 MB/s | |
| Ultra DMA ATA 66 | Mbit/s | 66.7 MB/s | 2000 |
| Blu-ray Controller (16×) | 576 Mbit/s | 72 MB/s | |
| Ultra-2 wide SCSI (16 bits/40 MHz) | 640 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | |
| Serial Storage Architecture SSA | 640 Mbit/s | 80 MB/s | 1990 |
| Ultra DMA ATA 100 | 800 Mbit/s | 100 MB/s | 2002 |
| Fibre Channel 1GFC (1.0625 GHz) | 850 Mbit/s | 103.23 MB/s | 1997 |
| AoE over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames | 1 Gbit/s | 124.2 MB/s | 2009 |
| iSCSI over gigabit Ethernet, jumbo frames | 1 Gbit/s | 123.9 MB/s | 2004 |
| Ultra DMA ATA 133 | Gbit/s | 133 MB/s | 2005 |
| SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-II Full Duplex) | Gbit/s | 156 MB/s | |
| Ultra-3 SCSI (Ultra 160 SCSI; Fast-80 Wide SCSI) (16 bits/40 MHz DDR) | Gbit/s | 160 MB/s | |
| SATA revision 1.0 | Gbit/s | 150 MB/s [a] | 2003 |
| Fibre Channel 2GFC (2.125 GHz) | Gbit/s | 206.5 MB/s | 2001 |
| Ultra-320 SCSI (Ultra4 SCSI) (16 bits/80 MHz DDR) | Gbit/s | 320 MB/s | |
| Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) SAS-1 | 3 Gbit/s | 300 MB/s [a] | 2004 |
| SATA Revision 2.0 | 3 Gbit/s | 300 MB/s [a] | 2004 |
| SDHC/SDXC/SDUC (UHS-III Full Duplex) | Gbit/s | 312 MB/s | |
· Bandwidths › Computer buses › Peripheral
Apple Desktop Bus
Apple Desktop Bus
Technology
Apple Desktop Bus
Rate
10.0 kbit/s
Rate
1.25 kB/s
Year
1986
PS/2 port
PS/2 port
Technology
PS/2 port
Rate
12.0 kbit/s
Rate
1.5 kB/s
Year
1987
Serial MIDI
Serial MIDI
Technology
Serial MIDI
Rate
31.25 kbit/s
Rate
3.9 kB/s
Year
1983
CBM Bus max
CBM Bus max
Technology
CBM Bus max
Rate
41.6 kbit/s
Rate
5.1 kB/s
Year
1981
Serial RS-232 max
Serial RS-232 max
Technology
Serial RS-232 max
Rate
230.4 kbit/s
Rate
28.8 kB/s
Year
1962
Serial DMX512A
Serial DMX512A
Technology
Serial DMX512A
Rate
250.0 kbit/s
Rate
31.25 kB/s
Year
1998
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284)
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284)
Technology
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284)
Rate
1 Mbit/s
Rate
125 kB/s
Year
1970 (standardized 1994)
Serial 16550 UART max
Serial 16550 UART max
Technology
Serial 16550 UART max
Rate
1.5 Mbit/s
Rate
187.5 kB/s
USB 1.0 low speed
USB 1.0 low speed
Technology
USB 1.0 low speed
Rate
1.536 Mbit/s
Rate
192 kB/s
Year
1996
Serial UART max
Serial UART max
Technology
Serial UART max
Rate
2.7648 Mbit/s
Rate
345.6 kB/s
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max.
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max.
Technology
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max.
Rate
8 Mbit/s
Rate
1 MB/s
Year
Late 1960s (standardized 1976)
Serial EIA-422 max.
Serial EIA-422 max.
Technology
Serial EIA-422 max.
Rate
10 Mbit/s
Rate
1.25 MB/s
USB 1.0 full speed
USB 1.0 full speed
Technology
USB 1.0 full speed
Rate
12 Mbit/s
Rate
1.5 MB/s
Year
1996
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port)
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port)
Technology
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port)
Rate
16 Mbit/s
Rate
2 MB/s
Year
1992
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) ECP (Extended Capability Port)
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) ECP (Extended Capability Port)
Technology
Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) ECP (Extended Capability Port)
Rate
20 Mbit/s
Rate
2.5 MB/s
Year
1994
Serial EIA-485 max.
Serial EIA-485 max.
Technology
Serial EIA-485 max.
Rate
35 Mbit/s
Rate
4.375 MB/s
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max.
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max.
Technology
GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max.
Rate
64 Mbit/s
Rate
8 MB/s
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100
Rate
98.304 Mbit/s
Rate
12.288 MB/s
Year
1995
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200
Rate
196.608 Mbit/s
Rate
24.576 MB/s
Year
1995
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400
Rate
393.216 Mbit/s
Rate
49.152 MB/s
Year
1995
USB 2.0 high speed
USB 2.0 high speed
Technology
USB 2.0 high speed
Rate
480 Mbit/s
Rate
60 MB/s
Year
2000
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800
Rate
786.432 Mbit/s
Rate
98.304 MB/s
Year
2002
Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI
Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI
Technology
Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI
Rate
1.0625 Gbit/s
Rate
100 MB/s
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600
Rate
1.573 Gbit/s
Rate
196.6 MB/s
Year
2007
Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI
Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI
Technology
Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI
Rate
2.125 Gbit/s
Rate
200 MB/s
eSATA (SATA 300)
eSATA (SATA 300)
Technology
eSATA (SATA 300)
Rate
3 Gbit/s
Rate
300 MB/s
Year
2004
CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link)
CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link)
Technology
CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link)
Rate
3.125 Gbit/s + 20.833 Mbit/s
Rate
390 MB/s
Year
2009
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200
Technology
FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200
Rate
3.1457 Gbit/s
Rate
393.216 MB/s
Year
2007
External PCI Express 2.0 ×1
External PCI Express 2.0 ×1
Technology
External PCI Express 2.0 ×1
Rate
4 Gbit/s
Rate
500 MB/s
Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI
Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI
Technology
Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI
Rate
4.25 Gbit/s
Rate
531.25 MB/s
USB 3.0 SuperSpeed (aka USB3.1 Gen 1, USB 3.2 Gen 1x1)
USB 3.0 SuperSpeed (aka USB3.1 Gen 1, USB 3.2 Gen 1x1)
Technology
USB 3.0 SuperSpeed (aka USB3.1 Gen 1, USB 3.2 Gen 1x1)
Rate
5 Gbit/s
Rate
500 MB/s
Year
2010
eSATA (SATA 600)
eSATA (SATA 600)
Technology
eSATA (SATA 600)
Rate
6 Gbit/s
Rate
600 MB/s
Year
2011
CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link)
CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link)
Technology
CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link)
Rate
6.25 Gbit/s + 20.833 Mbit/s
Rate
781 MB/s
Year
2009
External PCI Express 2.0 ×2
External PCI Express 2.0 ×2
Technology
External PCI Express 2.0 ×2
Rate
8 Gbit/s
Rate
1 GB/s
USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.1 Gen 2, USB3.2 Gen 1x2, USB 3.2 Gen 2x1, USB4 Gen 2×1)
USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.1 Gen 2, USB3.2 Gen 1x2, USB 3.2 Gen 2x1, USB4 Gen 2×1)
Technology
USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.1 Gen 2, USB3.2 Gen 1x2, USB 3.2 Gen 2x1, USB4 Gen 2×1)
Rate
10 Gbit/s
Rate
1.212 GB/s
Year
2013
External PCI Express 2.0 ×4
External PCI Express 2.0 ×4
Technology
External PCI Express 2.0 ×4
Rate
16 Gbit/s
Rate
2 GB/s
Thunderbolt
Thunderbolt
Technology
Thunderbolt
Rate
2 × 10 Gbit/s
Rate
2 × 1.25 GB/s
Year
2011
USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.2 Gen2×2 USB4 Gen 2×2, USB4 Gen 3×1)
USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.2 Gen2×2 USB4 Gen 2×2, USB4 Gen 3×1)
Technology
USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.2 Gen2×2 USB4 Gen 2×2, USB4 Gen 3×1)
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2.424 GB/s
Year
2017
Thunderbolt 2
Thunderbolt 2
Technology
Thunderbolt 2
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2.5 GB/s
Year
2013
FPGA Mezzanine Card Plus (FMC+)
FPGA Mezzanine Card Plus (FMC+)
Technology
FPGA Mezzanine Card Plus (FMC+)
Rate
28 Gbit/s
Rate
3.5 GB/s
Year
2019
External PCI Express 2.0 ×8
External PCI Express 2.0 ×8
Technology
External PCI Express 2.0 ×8
Rate
32 Gbit/s
Rate
4 GB/s
USB4 Gen 3×2
USB4 Gen 3×2
Technology
USB4 Gen 3×2
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
4.8 GB/s
Year
2019
Thunderbolt 3 two links
Thunderbolt 3 two links
Technology
Thunderbolt 3 two links
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2015
Thunderbolt 4
Thunderbolt 4
Technology
Thunderbolt 4
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2020
External PCI Express 2.0 ×16
External PCI Express 2.0 ×16
Technology
External PCI Express 2.0 ×16
Rate
64 Gbit/s
Rate
8 GB/s
USB4 Gen 4
USB4 Gen 4
Technology
USB4 Gen 4
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
9.6 GB/s
Year
2022
Thunderbolt 5
Thunderbolt 5
Technology
Thunderbolt 5
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
9.6 GB/s
Year
2024
USB4 Gen 4 Asymmetric
USB4 Gen 4 Asymmetric
Technology
USB4 Gen 4 Asymmetric
Rate
120 Gbit/s
Rate
14.4 GB/s
Year
2022
Thunderbolt 5 Asymmetric
Thunderbolt 5 Asymmetric
Technology
Thunderbolt 5 Asymmetric
Rate
120 Gbit/s
Rate
14.4 GB/s
Year
2024
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| Apple Desktop Bus | kbit/s | 1.25 kB/s | 1986 |
| PS/2 port | kbit/s | 1.5 kB/s | 1987 |
| Serial MIDI | kbit/s | 3.9 kB/s | 1983 |
| CBM Bus max | kbit/s | 5.1 kB/s | 1981 |
| Serial RS-232 max | kbit/s | 28.8 kB/s | 1962 |
| Serial DMX512A | kbit/s | 31.25 kB/s | 1998 |
| Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) | 1 Mbit/s | 125 kB/s | 1970 (standardized 1994) |
| Serial 16550 UART max | Mbit/s | 187.5 kB/s | |
| USB 1.0 low speed | Mbit/s | 192 kB/s | 1996 |
| Serial UART max | Mbit/s | 345.6 kB/s | |
| GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1) IEEE-488 max. | 8 Mbit/s | 1 MB/s | Late 1960s (standardized 1976) |
| Serial EIA-422 max. | 10 Mbit/s | 1.25 MB/s | |
| USB 1.0 full speed | 12 Mbit/s | 1.5 MB/s | 1996 |
| Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port) | 16 Mbit/s | 2 MB/s | 1992 |
| Parallel (Centronics/IEEE 1284) ECP (Extended Capability Port) | 20 Mbit/s | 2.5 MB/s | 1994 |
| Serial EIA-485 max. | 35 Mbit/s | 4.375 MB/s | |
| GPIB/HPIB (IEEE-488.1-2003) IEEE-488 max. | 64 Mbit/s | 8 MB/s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 100 | Mbit/s | 12.288 MB/s | 1995 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 200 | Mbit/s | 24.576 MB/s | 1995 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394) 400 | Mbit/s | 49.152 MB/s | 1995 |
| USB 2.0 high speed | 480 Mbit/s | 60 MB/s | 2000 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 800 | Mbit/s | 98.304 MB/s | 2002 |
| Fibre Channel 1 Gb SCSI | Gbit/s | 100 MB/s | |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 1600 | Gbit/s | 196.6 MB/s | 2007 |
| Fibre Channel 2 Gb SCSI | Gbit/s | 200 MB/s | |
| eSATA (SATA 300) | 3 Gbit/s | 300 MB/s | 2004 |
| CoaXPress Base (up and down bidirectional link) | Gbit/s + 20.833 Mbit/s | 390 MB/s | 2009 |
| FireWire (IEEE 1394b) 3200 | Gbit/s | 393.216 MB/s | 2007 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×1 | 4 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s | |
| Fibre Channel 4 Gb SCSI | Gbit/s | 531.25 MB/s | |
| USB 3.0 SuperSpeed (aka USB3.1 Gen 1, USB 3.2 Gen 1x1) | 5 Gbit/s | 500 MB/s | 2010 |
| eSATA (SATA 600) | 6 Gbit/s | 600 MB/s | 2011 |
| CoaXPress full (up and down bidirectional link) | Gbit/s + 20.833 Mbit/s | 781 MB/s | 2009 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×2 | 8 Gbit/s | 1 GB/s | |
| USB 3.1 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.1 Gen 2, USB3.2 Gen 1x2, USB 3.2 Gen 2x1, USB4 Gen 2×1) | 10 Gbit/s | 1.212 GB/s | 2013 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×4 | 16 Gbit/s | 2 GB/s | |
| Thunderbolt | 2 × 10 Gbit/s | 2 × 1.25 GB/s | 2011 |
| USB 3.2 SuperSpeed+ (aka USB 3.2 Gen2×2 USB4 Gen 2×2, USB4 Gen 3×1) | 20 Gbit/s | 2.424 GB/s | 2017 |
| Thunderbolt 2 | 20 Gbit/s | 2.5 GB/s | 2013 |
| FPGA Mezzanine Card Plus (FMC+) | 28 Gbit/s | 3.5 GB/s | 2019 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×8 | 32 Gbit/s | 4 GB/s | |
| USB4 Gen 3×2 | 40 Gbit/s | 4.8 GB/s | 2019 |
| Thunderbolt 3 two links | 40 Gbit/s | 5 GB/s | 2015 |
| Thunderbolt 4 | 40 Gbit/s | 5 GB/s | 2020 |
| External PCI Express 2.0 ×16 | 64 Gbit/s | 8 GB/s | |
| USB4 Gen 4 | 80 Gbit/s | 9.6 GB/s | 2022 |
| Thunderbolt 5 | 80 Gbit/s | 9.6 GB/s | 2024 |
| USB4 Gen 4 Asymmetric | 120 Gbit/s | 14.4 GB/s | 2022 |
| Thunderbolt 5 Asymmetric | 120 Gbit/s | 14.4 GB/s | 2024 |
· Bandwidths › Computer buses › MAC to PHY
Count
Count
Technology
Count
Channels
Encoding
Bits
Rate
Media Independent Interface (MII)
Media Independent Interface (MII)
Technology
Media Independent Interface (MII)
Channels
1
Bits
4
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Reduced MII (RMII)
Reduced MII (RMII)
Technology
Reduced MII (RMII)
Channels
1
Bits
2
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Serial MII (SMII)
Serial MII (SMII)
Technology
Serial MII (SMII)
Channels
1
Bits
1
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
Gigabit MII (GMII)
Gigabit MII (GMII)
Technology
Gigabit MII (GMII)
Channels
1
Bits
8
Rate
1.0 Gbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Reduced gigabit/s MII (RGMII)
Reduced gigabit/s MII (RGMII)
Technology
Reduced gigabit/s MII (RGMII)
Channels
1
Bits
4
Rate
1.0 Gbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Ten-bit interface (TBI)
Ten-bit interface (TBI)
Technology
Ten-bit interface (TBI)
Channels
1
Bits
10
Rate
1.0 Gbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Serial gigabit/s MII (SGMII)
Serial gigabit/s MII (SGMII)
Technology
Serial gigabit/s MII (SGMII)
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
8b/10b
MGT Lanes
1.25 Gbit/s
Rate
1.0 Gbit/s
Rate
125 MB/s
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII (RSGMII)
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII (RSGMII)
Technology
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII (RSGMII)
Channels
2
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
8b/10b
MGT Lanes
2.5 Gbit/s
Rate
2.0 Gbit/s
Rate
250 MB/s
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII plus (RSGMII-PLUS)
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII plus (RSGMII-PLUS)
Technology
Reduced serial gigabit/s MII plus (RSGMII-PLUS)
Channels
4
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
8b/10b
MGT Lanes
5.0 Gbit/s
Rate
4.0 Gbit/s
Rate
500 MB/s
Quad serial gigabit/s MII (QSGMII)
Quad serial gigabit/s MII (QSGMII)
Technology
Quad serial gigabit/s MII (QSGMII)
Channels
4
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
8b/10b
MGT Lanes
5.0 Gbit/s
Rate
4.0 Gbit/s
Rate
500 MB/s
10 gigabit/s MII (XGMII)
10 gigabit/s MII (XGMII)
Technology
10 gigabit/s MII (XGMII)
Channels
1
Bits
32
Rate
10.0 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
XGMII attachment unit interface (XAUI)
XGMII attachment unit interface (XAUI)
Technology
XGMII attachment unit interface (XAUI)
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
4
MGT Lanes
8b/10b
MGT Lanes
3.125 Gbit/s
Rate
10.0 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
Reduced Pin XAUI (RXAUI)
Reduced Pin XAUI (RXAUI)
Technology
Reduced Pin XAUI (RXAUI)
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
2
MGT Lanes
8b/10b
MGT Lanes
6.25 Gbit/s
Rate
10.0 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
XFI/SFI
XFI/SFI
Technology
XFI/SFI
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
64b/66b
MGT Lanes
10.3125 Gbit/s
Rate
10.0 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
USXGMII
USXGMII
Technology
USXGMII
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
64b/66b
MGT Lanes
10.3125 Gbit/s
Rate
10.0 Gbit/s
Rate
1.25 GB/s
25 gigabit/s MII (25GMII, on-chip only)
25 gigabit/s MII (25GMII, on-chip only)
Technology
25 gigabit/s MII (25GMII, on-chip only)
Channels
1
Rate
25.0 Gbit/s
Rate
3.125 GB/s
25G AUI (25GAUI)
25G AUI (25GAUI)
Technology
25G AUI (25GAUI)
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
1
MGT Lanes
64b/66b
MGT Lanes
25.78125 Gbit/s
Rate
25.0 Gbit/s
Rate
3.125 GB/s
40 gigabit/s MII (XLGMII, on-chip only)
40 gigabit/s MII (XLGMII, on-chip only)
Technology
40 gigabit/s MII (XLGMII, on-chip only)
Channels
1
Rate
40.0 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
100 gigabit/s MII (CGMII, on-chip only)
100 gigabit/s MII (CGMII, on-chip only)
Technology
100 gigabit/s MII (CGMII, on-chip only)
Channels
1
Rate
100.0 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
Year
2008
100G AUI (CAUI-10)
100G AUI (CAUI-10)
Technology
100G AUI (CAUI-10)
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
10
MGT Lanes
64b/66b
MGT Lanes
10.3125 Gbit/s
Rate
100.0 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
100G AUI (CAUI-4)
100G AUI (CAUI-4)
Technology
100G AUI (CAUI-4)
Channels
1
MGT Lanes
4
MGT Lanes
64b/66b
MGT Lanes
25.78125 Gbit/s
Rate
100.0 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
| Technology | Channels | Bits | MGT Lanes | Rate | Year | |||
| Count | Encoding | Rate | ||||||
| Media Independent Interface (MII) | 1 | 4 | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | ||||
| Reduced MII (RMII) | 1 | 2 | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | ||||
| Serial MII (SMII) | 1 | 1 | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s | ||||
| Gigabit MII (GMII) | 1 | 8 | Gbit/s | 125 MB/s | ||||
| Reduced gigabit/s MII (RGMII) | 1 | 4 | Gbit/s | 125 MB/s | ||||
| Ten-bit interface (TBI) | 1 | 10 | Gbit/s | 125 MB/s | ||||
| Serial gigabit/s MII (SGMII) | 1 | 1 | 8b/10b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 125 MB/s | ||
| Reduced serial gigabit/s MII (RSGMII) | 2 | 1 | 8b/10b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 250 MB/s | ||
| Reduced serial gigabit/s MII plus (RSGMII-PLUS) | 4 | 1 | 8b/10b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 500 MB/s | ||
| Quad serial gigabit/s MII (QSGMII) | 4 | 1 | 8b/10b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 500 MB/s | ||
| 10 gigabit/s MII (XGMII) | 1 | 32 | Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | ||||
| XGMII attachment unit interface (XAUI) | 1 | 4 | 8b/10b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | ||
| Reduced Pin XAUI (RXAUI) | 1 | 2 | 8b/10b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | ||
| XFI/SFI | 1 | 1 | 64b/66b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | ||
| USXGMII | 1 | 1 | 64b/66b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 1.25 GB/s | ||
| 25 gigabit/s MII (25GMII, on-chip only) | 1 | Gbit/s | 3.125 GB/s | |||||
| 25G AUI (25GAUI) | 1 | 1 | 64b/66b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 3.125 GB/s | ||
| 40 gigabit/s MII (XLGMII, on-chip only) | 1 | Gbit/s | 5 GB/s | |||||
| 100 gigabit/s MII (CGMII, on-chip only) | 1 | Gbit/s | 12.5 GB/s | 2008 | ||||
| 100G AUI (CAUI-10) | 1 | 10 | 64b/66b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 12.5 GB/s | ||
| 100G AUI (CAUI-4) | 1 | 4 | 64b/66b | Gbit/s | Gbit/s | 12.5 GB/s | ||
· Bandwidths › Computer buses › PHY to XPDR
10 gigabit/s 16-bit interface (XSBI; 16 lanes)
10 gigabit/s 16-bit interface (XSBI; 16 lanes)
Technology
10 gigabit/s 16-bit interface (XSBI; 16 lanes)
Rate
0.995 Gbit/s
Rate
0.124 GB/s
| Technology | Rate | Year | |
| 10 gigabit/s 16-bit interface (XSBI; 16 lanes) | Gbit/s | 0.124 GB/s | |
· Bandwidths › Dynamic random-access memory
FPM DRAM
FPM DRAM
Module type
FPM DRAM
Chip type
70 ns tRAC
Internal clock[a]
22 MHz
Bus clock
22 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.0177 GT/s
Transfer rate
1.416 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
177 MB/s
EDO DRAM (486 CPU)
EDO DRAM (486 CPU)
Module type
EDO DRAM (486 CPU)
Chip type
60 ns tRAC
Internal clock[a]
33 MHz
Bus clock
33 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.0266 GT/s
Transfer rate
2.128 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
266 MB/s
EDO DRAM (Pentium CPU)
EDO DRAM (Pentium CPU)
Module type
EDO DRAM (Pentium CPU)
Chip type
60 ns tRAC
Internal clock[a]
66 MHz
Bus clock
66 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.066 GT/s
Transfer rate
4.264 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
533 MB/s
PC-66 SDR SDRAM
PC-66 SDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-66 SDR SDRAM
Chip type
10/15 ns
Internal clock[a]
66 MHz
Bus clock
66 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.066 GT/s
Transfer rate
4.264 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
533 MB/s
PC-100 SDR SDRAM
PC-100 SDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-100 SDR SDRAM
Chip type
8 ns
Internal clock[a]
100 MHz
Bus clock
100 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.100 GT/s
Transfer rate
6.4 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
800 MB/s
PC-133 SDR SDRAM
PC-133 SDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-133 SDR SDRAM
Chip type
7/7.5 ns
Internal clock[a]
133 MHz
Bus clock
133 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.133 GT/s
Transfer rate
8.528 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
1.066 GB/s
RIMM-1200 RDRAM
RIMM-1200 RDRAM
Module type
RIMM-1200 RDRAM
Chip type
PC600
Internal clock[a]
75 MHz
Bus clock
300 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.600 GT/s
Transfer rate
9.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
1.2 GB/s
RIMM-1400 RDRAM
RIMM-1400 RDRAM
Module type
RIMM-1400 RDRAM
Chip type
PC700
Internal clock[a]
87.5 MHz
Bus clock
350 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.700 GT/s
Transfer rate
11.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
1.4 GB/s
RIMM-1600 RDRAM
RIMM-1600 RDRAM
Module type
RIMM-1600 RDRAM
Chip type
PC800
Internal clock[a]
100 MHz
Bus clock
400 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.800 GT/s
Transfer rate
12.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
1.6 GB/s
PC-1600 DDR SDRAM
PC-1600 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-1600 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-200
Internal clock[a]
100 MHz
Bus clock
100 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.200 GT/s
Transfer rate
12.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
1.6 GB/s
RIMM-2100 RDRAM
RIMM-2100 RDRAM
Module type
RIMM-2100 RDRAM
Chip type
PC1066
Internal clock[a]
133 MHz
Bus clock
533 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.066 GT/s
Transfer rate
17.034 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
2.133 GB/s
PC-2100 DDR SDRAM
PC-2100 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-2100 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-266
Internal clock[a]
133 MHz
Bus clock
133 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.266 GT/s
Transfer rate
17.034 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
2.133 GB/s
RIMM-2400 RDRAM
RIMM-2400 RDRAM
Module type
RIMM-2400 RDRAM
Chip type
PC1200
Internal clock[a]
150 MHz
Bus clock
600 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.2 GT/s
Transfer rate
19.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
2.4 GB/s
PC-2700 DDR SDRAM
PC-2700 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-2700 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-333
Internal clock[a]
166 MHz
Bus clock
166 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.333 GT/s
Transfer rate
21.336 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
2.667 GB/s
PC-3200 DDR SDRAM
PC-3200 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-3200 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-400
Internal clock[a]
200 MHz
Bus clock
200 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.400 GT/s
Transfer rate
25.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
3.2 GB/s
PC2-3200 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-3200 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-3200 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-400
Internal clock[a]
100 MHz
Bus clock
200 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.400 GT/s
Transfer rate
25.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
3.2 GB/s
PC-3500 DDR SDRAM
PC-3500 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-3500 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-433
Internal clock[a]
216 MHz
Bus clock
216 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.433 GT/s
Transfer rate
27.728 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
3.466 GB/s
PC-3700 DDR SDRAM
PC-3700 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-3700 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-466
Internal clock[a]
233 MHz
Bus clock
233 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.466 GT/s
Transfer rate
29.864 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
3.733 GB/s
PC-4000 DDR SDRAM
PC-4000 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-4000 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-500
Internal clock[a]
250 MHz
Bus clock
250 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.500 GT/s
Transfer rate
32 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
4 GB/s
PC-4200 DDR SDRAM
PC-4200 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-4200 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-533
Internal clock[a]
266 MHz
Bus clock
266 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.533 GT/s
Transfer rate
34.128 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
4.266 GB/s
PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-533
Internal clock[a]
133 MHz
Bus clock
266 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.533 GT/s
Transfer rate
34.128 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
4.266 GB/s
PC-4400 DDR SDRAM
PC-4400 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-4400 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-550
Internal clock[a]
275 MHz
Bus clock
275 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.550 GT/s
Transfer rate
35.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
4.4 GB/s
PC-4800 DDR SDRAM
PC-4800 DDR SDRAM
Module type
PC-4800 DDR SDRAM
Chip type
DDR-600
Internal clock[a]
300 MHz
Bus clock
300 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.600 GT/s
Transfer rate
38.4 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
4.8 GB/s
PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-667
Internal clock[a]
166 MHz
Bus clock
333 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.667 GT/s
Transfer rate
42.664 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
5.333 GB/s
PC2-6000 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-6000 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-6000 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-750
Internal clock[a]
188 MHz
Bus clock
375 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.750 GT/s
Transfer rate
48 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
6 GB/s
PC2-6400 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-6400 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-6400 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-800
Internal clock[a]
200 MHz
Bus clock
400 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.800 GT/s
Transfer rate
51.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
6.4 GB/s
PC3-6400 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-6400 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-6400 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-800
Internal clock[a]
100 MHz
Bus clock
400 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.800 GT/s
Transfer rate
51.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
6.4 GB/s
PC2-7200 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-7200 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-7200 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-900
Internal clock[a]
225 MHz
Bus clock
450 MHz
Bus speed[b]
0.900 GT/s
Transfer rate
57.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
7.2 GB/s
PC2-8000 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-8000 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-8000 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-1000
Internal clock[a]
250 MHz
Bus clock
500 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1 GT/s
Transfer rate
64 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
8 GB/s
PC2-8500 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-8500 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-8500 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-1066
Internal clock[a]
266 MHz
Bus clock
533 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.066 GT/s
Transfer rate
68 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
8.5 GB/s
PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1066
Internal clock[a]
133 MHz
Bus clock
533 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.066 GT/s
Transfer rate
68 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
8.5 GB/s
PC2-8800 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-8800 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-8800 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-1100
Internal clock[a]
275 MHz
Bus clock
550 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.1 GT/s
Transfer rate
70.4 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
8.8 GB/s
PC2-9200 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-9200 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-9200 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-1150
Internal clock[a]
288 MHz
Bus clock
575 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.15 GT/s
Transfer rate
73.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
9.2 GB/s
PC2-9600 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-9600 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-9600 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-1200
Internal clock[a]
300 MHz
Bus clock
600 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.2 GT/s
Transfer rate
76.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
9.6 GB/s
PC2-10000 DDR2 SDRAM
PC2-10000 DDR2 SDRAM
Module type
PC2-10000 DDR2 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR2-1250
Internal clock[a]
312 MHz
Bus clock
625 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.25 GT/s
Transfer rate
80 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
10 GB/s
PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1333
Internal clock[a]
167 MHz
Bus clock
667 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.333 GT/s
Transfer rate
85.336 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
10.667 GB/s
PC3-11000 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-11000 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-11000 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1375
Internal clock[a]
172 MHz
Bus clock
688 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.375 GT/s
Transfer rate
88 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
11 GB/s
PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1600
Internal clock[a]
200 MHz
Bus clock
800 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.6 GT/s
Transfer rate
102.4 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
12.8 GB/s
PC3-13000 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-13000 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-13000 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1625
Internal clock[a]
203 MHz
Bus clock
813 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.625 GT/s
Transfer rate
104 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
13 GB/s
PC3-14400 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-14400 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-14400 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1800
Internal clock[a]
225 MHz
Bus clock
900 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.8 GT/s
Transfer rate
115.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
14.4 GB/s
PC3-14900 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-14900 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-14900 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-1866
Internal clock[a]
233 MHz
Bus clock
933 MHz
Bus speed[b]
1.866 GT/s
Transfer rate
119.464 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
14.933 GB/s
PC3-16000 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-16000 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-16000 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-2000
Internal clock[a]
250 MHz
Bus clock
1000 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2 GT/s
Transfer rate
128 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
16 GB/s
PC3-17000 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-17000 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-17000 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-2133
Internal clock[a]
267 MHz
Bus clock
1067 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.133 GT/s
Transfer rate
136.528 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
17.066 GB/s
PC4-17000 DDR4 SDRAM
PC4-17000 DDR4 SDRAM
Module type
PC4-17000 DDR4 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR4-2133
Internal clock[a]
267 MHz
Bus clock
1067 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.133 GT/s
Transfer rate
136.5 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
17 GB/s
PC3-17600 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-17600 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-17600 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-2200
Internal clock[a]
275 MHz
Bus clock
1100 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.2 GT/s
Transfer rate
140.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
17.6 GB/s
PC3-19200 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-19200 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-19200 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-2400
Internal clock[a]
300 MHz
Bus clock
1200 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.4 GT/s
Transfer rate
153.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
19.2 GB/s
PC4-19200 DDR4 SDRAM
PC4-19200 DDR4 SDRAM
Module type
PC4-19200 DDR4 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR4-2400
Internal clock[a]
300 MHz
Bus clock
1200 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.4 GT/s
Transfer rate
153.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
19.2 GB/s
PC3-21300 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-21300 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-21300 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-2666
Internal clock[a]
333 MHz
Bus clock
1333 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.666 GT/s
Transfer rate
170.5 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
21.3 GB/s
PC4-21300 DDR4 SDRAM
PC4-21300 DDR4 SDRAM
Module type
PC4-21300 DDR4 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR4-2666
Internal clock[a]
333 MHz
Bus clock
1333 MHz
Bus speed[b]
2.666 GT/s
Transfer rate
170.5 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
21.3 GB/s
PC3-24000 DDR3 SDRAM
PC3-24000 DDR3 SDRAM
Module type
PC3-24000 DDR3 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR3-3000
Internal clock[a]
375 MHz
Bus clock
1500 MHz
Bus speed[b]
3.0 GT/s
Transfer rate
192 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
24 GB/s
PC4-24000 DDR4 SDRAM
PC4-24000 DDR4 SDRAM
Module type
PC4-24000 DDR4 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR4-3000
Internal clock[a]
375 MHz
Bus clock
1500 MHz
Bus speed[b]
3.0 GT/s
Transfer rate
192 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
24 GB/s
PC4-25600 DDR4 SDRAM
PC4-25600 DDR4 SDRAM
Module type
PC4-25600 DDR4 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR4-3200
Internal clock[a]
400 MHz
Bus clock
1600 MHz
Bus speed[b]
3.2 GT/s
Transfer rate
204.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
25.6 GB/s
PC5-41600 DDR5 SDRAM
PC5-41600 DDR5 SDRAM
Module type
PC5-41600 DDR5 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR5-5200
Internal clock[a]
650 MHz
Bus clock
2600 MHz
Bus speed[b]
5.2 GT/s
Transfer rate
332.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
41.6 GB/s
PC5-44800 DDR5 SDRAM
PC5-44800 DDR5 SDRAM
Module type
PC5-44800 DDR5 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR5-5600
Internal clock[a]
700 MHz
Bus clock
2800 MHz
Bus speed[b]
5.6 GT/s
Transfer rate
358.4 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
44.8 GB/s
PC5-51200 DDR5 SDRAM
PC5-51200 DDR5 SDRAM
Module type
PC5-51200 DDR5 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR5-6400
Internal clock[a]
800 MHz
Bus clock
3200 MHz
Bus speed[b]
6.4 GT/s
Transfer rate
409.6 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
51.2 GB/s
PC5-57600 DDR5 SDRAM
PC5-57600 DDR5 SDRAM
Module type
PC5-57600 DDR5 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR5-7200
Internal clock[a]
900 MHz
Bus clock
3600 MHz
Bus speed[b]
7.2 GT/s
Transfer rate
460.8 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
57.6 GB/s
PC5-64000 DDR5 SDRAM
PC5-64000 DDR5 SDRAM
Module type
PC5-64000 DDR5 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR5-8000
Internal clock[a]
1000 MHz
Bus clock
4000 MHz
Bus speed[b]
8.0 GT/s
Transfer rate
512.0 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
64.0 GB/s
PC5-70400 DDR5 SDRAM
PC5-70400 DDR5 SDRAM
Module type
PC5-70400 DDR5 SDRAM
Chip type
DDR5-8800
Internal clock[a]
1100 MHz
Bus clock
4400 MHz
Bus speed[b]
8.8 GT/s
Transfer rate
563.2 Gbit/s
Transfer rate
70.4 GB/s
| Module type | Chip type | Internal clock[a] | Bus clock | Bus speed[b] | Transfer rate | |
| FPM DRAM | 70 ns tRAC | 22 MHz | 22 MHz | 0.0177 GT/s | Gbit/s | 177 MB/s |
| EDO DRAM (486 CPU) | 60 ns tRAC | 33 MHz | 33 MHz | 0.0266 GT/s | Gbit/s | 266 MB/s |
| EDO DRAM (Pentium CPU) | 60 ns tRAC | 66 MHz | 66 MHz | 0.066 GT/s | Gbit/s | 533 MB/s |
| PC-66 SDR SDRAM | 10/15 ns | 66 MHz | 66 MHz | 0.066 GT/s | Gbit/s | 533 MB/s |
| PC-100 SDR SDRAM | 8 ns | 100 MHz | 100 MHz | 0.100 GT/s | Gbit/s | 800 MB/s |
| PC-133 SDR SDRAM | 7/7.5 ns | 133 MHz | 133 MHz | 0.133 GT/s | Gbit/s | 1.066 GB/s |
| RIMM-1200 RDRAM | PC600 | 75 MHz | 300 MHz | 0.600 GT/s | Gbit/s | 1.2 GB/s |
| RIMM-1400 RDRAM | PC700 | MHz | 350 MHz | 0.700 GT/s | Gbit/s | 1.4 GB/s |
| RIMM-1600 RDRAM | PC800 | 100 MHz | 400 MHz | 0.800 GT/s | Gbit/s | 1.6 GB/s |
| PC-1600 DDR SDRAM | DDR-200 | 100 MHz | 100 MHz | 0.200 GT/s | Gbit/s | 1.6 GB/s |
| RIMM-2100 RDRAM | PC1066 | 133 MHz | 533 MHz | 1.066 GT/s | Gbit/s | 2.133 GB/s |
| PC-2100 DDR SDRAM | DDR-266 | 133 MHz | 133 MHz | 0.266 GT/s | Gbit/s | 2.133 GB/s |
| RIMM-2400 RDRAM | PC1200 | 150 MHz | 600 MHz | 1.2 GT/s | Gbit/s | 2.4 GB/s |
| PC-2700 DDR SDRAM | DDR-333 | 166 MHz | 166 MHz | 0.333 GT/s | Gbit/s | 2.667 GB/s |
| PC-3200 DDR SDRAM | DDR-400 | 200 MHz | 200 MHz | 0.400 GT/s | Gbit/s | 3.2 GB/s |
| PC2-3200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-400 | 100 MHz | 200 MHz | 0.400 GT/s | Gbit/s | 3.2 GB/s |
| PC-3500 DDR SDRAM | DDR-433 | 216 MHz | 216 MHz | 0.433 GT/s | Gbit/s | 3.466 GB/s |
| PC-3700 DDR SDRAM | DDR-466 | 233 MHz | 233 MHz | 0.466 GT/s | Gbit/s | 3.733 GB/s |
| PC-4000 DDR SDRAM | DDR-500 | 250 MHz | 250 MHz | 0.500 GT/s | 32 Gbit/s | 4 GB/s |
| PC-4200 DDR SDRAM | DDR-533 | 266 MHz | 266 MHz | 0.533 GT/s | Gbit/s | 4.266 GB/s |
| PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-533 | 133 MHz | 266 MHz | 0.533 GT/s | Gbit/s | 4.266 GB/s |
| PC-4400 DDR SDRAM | DDR-550 | 275 MHz | 275 MHz | 0.550 GT/s | Gbit/s | 4.4 GB/s |
| PC-4800 DDR SDRAM | DDR-600 | 300 MHz | 300 MHz | 0.600 GT/s | Gbit/s | 4.8 GB/s |
| PC2-5300 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-667 | 166 MHz | 333 MHz | 0.667 GT/s | Gbit/s | 5.333 GB/s |
| PC2-6000 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-750 | 188 MHz | 375 MHz | 0.750 GT/s | 48 Gbit/s | 6 GB/s |
| PC2-6400 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-800 | 200 MHz | 400 MHz | 0.800 GT/s | Gbit/s | 6.4 GB/s |
| PC3-6400 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-800 | 100 MHz | 400 MHz | 0.800 GT/s | Gbit/s | 6.4 GB/s |
| PC2-7200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-900 | 225 MHz | 450 MHz | 0.900 GT/s | Gbit/s | 7.2 GB/s |
| PC2-8000 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1000 | 250 MHz | 500 MHz | 1 GT/s | 64 Gbit/s | 8 GB/s |
| PC2-8500 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1066 | 266 MHz | 533 MHz | 1.066 GT/s | 68 Gbit/s | 8.5 GB/s |
| PC3-8500 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1066 | 133 MHz | 533 MHz | 1.066 GT/s | 68 Gbit/s | 8.5 GB/s |
| PC2-8800 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1100 | 275 MHz | 550 MHz | 1.1 GT/s | Gbit/s | 8.8 GB/s |
| PC2-9200 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1150 | 288 MHz | 575 MHz | 1.15 GT/s | Gbit/s | 9.2 GB/s |
| PC2-9600 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1200 | 300 MHz | 600 MHz | 1.2 GT/s | Gbit/s | 9.6 GB/s |
| PC2-10000 DDR2 SDRAM | DDR2-1250 | 312 MHz | 625 MHz | 1.25 GT/s | 80 Gbit/s | 10 GB/s |
| PC3-10600 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1333 | 167 MHz | 667 MHz | 1.333 GT/s | Gbit/s | 10.667 GB/s |
| PC3-11000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1375 | 172 MHz | 688 MHz | 1.375 GT/s | 88 Gbit/s | 11 GB/s |
| PC3-12800 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1600 | 200 MHz | 800 MHz | 1.6 GT/s | Gbit/s | 12.8 GB/s |
| PC3-13000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1625 | 203 MHz | 813 MHz | 1.625 GT/s | 104 Gbit/s | 13 GB/s |
| PC3-14400 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1800 | 225 MHz | 900 MHz | 1.8 GT/s | Gbit/s | 14.4 GB/s |
| PC3-14900 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-1866 | 233 MHz | 933 MHz | 1.866 GT/s | Gbit/s | 14.933 GB/s |
| PC3-16000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2000 | 250 MHz | 1000 MHz | 2 GT/s | 128 Gbit/s | 16 GB/s |
| PC3-17000 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2133 | 267 MHz | 1067 MHz | 2.133 GT/s | Gbit/s | 17.066 GB/s |
| PC4-17000 DDR4 SDRAM | DDR4-2133 | 267 MHz | 1067 MHz | 2.133 GT/s | Gbit/s | 17 GB/s |
| PC3-17600 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2200 | 275 MHz | 1100 MHz | 2.2 GT/s | Gbit/s | 17.6 GB/s |
| PC3-19200 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2400 | 300 MHz | 1200 MHz | 2.4 GT/s | Gbit/s | 19.2 GB/s |
| PC4-19200 DDR4 SDRAM | DDR4-2400 | 300 MHz | 1200 MHz | 2.4 GT/s | Gbit/s | 19.2 GB/s |
| PC3-21300 DDR3 SDRAM | DDR3-2666 | 333 MHz | 1333 MHz | 2.666 GT/s | Gbit/s | 21.3 GB/s |
| PC4-21300 DDR4 SDRAM | DDR4-2666 | 333 MHz | 1333 MHz | 2.666 GT/s | Gbit/s | 21.3 GB/s |
· Bandwidths › Graphics processing units' RAM
DDR
DDR
Chip type
DDR
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
350 MHz
Transfers/s
0.7 GT/s
Bandwidth
44.8 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
5.6 GB/s
DDR2
DDR2
Chip type
DDR2
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
250 MHz
Transfers/s
1 GT/s
Bandwidth
64 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
8 GB/s
GDDR3
GDDR3
Chip type
GDDR3
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
625 MHz
Transfers/s
2.5 GT/s
Bandwidth
159 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
19.9 GB/s
GDDR4
GDDR4
Chip type
GDDR4
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
275 MHz
Transfers/s
2.2 GT/s
Bandwidth
140.8 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
17.6 GB/s
GDDR5
GDDR5
Chip type
GDDR5
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
625–1125 MHz
Transfers/s
5–9 GT/s
Bandwidth
320–576 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
40–72 GB/s
GDDR5X
GDDR5X
Chip type
GDDR5X
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
625–875 MHz
Transfers/s
10–12 GT/s
Bandwidth
640–768 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
80–96 GB/s
GDDR6
GDDR6
Chip type
GDDR6
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
875–1125 MHz
Transfers/s
14–18 GT/s
Bandwidth
896–1152 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
112–144 GB/s
GDDR6X
GDDR6X
Chip type
GDDR6X
Module type
64 lanes
Memory clock
594–656 MHz
Transfers/s
19–21 GT/s
Bandwidth
1216–1344 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
152–168 GB/s
HBM
HBM
Chip type
HBM
Module type
1024 lanes (8 channels @ 128 lanes ea)
Memory clock
500 MHz
Transfers/s
1 GT/s
Bandwidth
1024 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
128 GB/s
HBM2
HBM2
Chip type
HBM2
Module type
1024 lanes (8 channels @ 128 lanes ea)
Memory clock
1000 MHz
Transfers/s
2 GT/s
Bandwidth
2048 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
256 GB/s
HBM2e
HBM2e
Chip type
HBM2e
Module type
1024 lanes (8 channels @ 128 lanes ea)
Memory clock
1800 MHz
Transfers/s
3.6 GT/s
Bandwidth
3686.4 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
460.8 GB/s
HBM3
HBM3
Chip type
HBM3
Module type
1024 lanes (16 channels @ 64 lanes ea)
Memory clock
3200 MHz
Transfers/s
6.4 GT/s
Bandwidth
6553.6 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
819.2 GB/s
HBM3E
HBM3E
Chip type
HBM3E
Module type
1024 lanes (16 channels @ 64 lanes ea)
Memory clock
up to 4900 MHz
Transfers/s
up to 9.8 GT/s
Bandwidth
up to 10035 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
up to 1.25 TB/s
HMC
HMC
Chip type
HMC
Module type
128 lanes (8 links @ 16 lanes ea)
Memory clock
(internal)
Transfers/s
10 GT/s
Bandwidth
2560 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
320 GB/s
HMC2
HMC2
Chip type
HMC2
Module type
64 lanes (4 links @ 16 lanes ea)
Memory clock
(internal)
Transfers/s
30 GT/s
Bandwidth
3840 Gbit/s
Bandwidth
480 GB/s
| Chip type | Module type | Memory clock | Transfers/s | Bandwidth | |
| DDR | 64 lanes | 350 MHz | 0.7 GT/s | Gbit/s | 5.6 GB/s |
| DDR2 | 64 lanes | 250 MHz | 1 GT/s | 64 Gbit/s | 8 GB/s |
| GDDR3 | 64 lanes | 625 MHz | 2.5 GT/s | 159 Gbit/s | 19.9 GB/s |
| GDDR4 | 64 lanes | 275 MHz | 2.2 GT/s | Gbit/s | 17.6 GB/s |
| GDDR5 | 64 lanes | 625–1125 MHz | 5–9 GT/s | 320–576 Gbit/s | 40–72 GB/s |
| GDDR5X | 64 lanes | 625–875 MHz | 10–12 GT/s | 640–768 Gbit/s | 80–96 GB/s |
| GDDR6 | 64 lanes | 875–1125 MHz | 14–18 GT/s | 896–1152 Gbit/s | 112–144 GB/s |
| GDDR6X | 64 lanes | 594–656 MHz | 19–21 GT/s | 1216–1344 Gbit/s | 152–168 GB/s |
| HBM | 1024 lanes (8 channels @ 128 lanes ea) | 500 MHz | 1 GT/s | 1024 Gbit/s | 128 GB/s |
| HBM2 | 1024 lanes (8 channels @ 128 lanes ea) | 1000 MHz | 2 GT/s | 2048 Gbit/s | 256 GB/s |
| HBM2e | 1024 lanes (8 channels @ 128 lanes ea) | 1800 MHz | 3.6 GT/s | Gbit/s | 460.8 GB/s |
| HBM3 | 1024 lanes (16 channels @ 64 lanes ea) | 3200 MHz | 6.4 GT/s | Gbit/s | 819.2 GB/s |
| HBM3E | 1024 lanes (16 channels @ 64 lanes ea) | up to 4900 MHz | up to 9.8 GT/s | up to 10035 Gbit/s | up to 1.25 TB/s |
| HMC | 128 lanes (8 links @ 16 lanes ea) | (internal) | 10 GT/s | 2560 Gbit/s | 320 GB/s |
| HMC2 | 64 lanes (4 links @ 16 lanes ea) | (internal) | 30 GT/s | 3840 Gbit/s | 480 GB/s |
· Bandwidths › Digital audio
CD Audio (16-bit PCM)
CD Audio (16-bit PCM)
Device
CD Audio (16-bit PCM)
Rate
1.411 Mbit/s
Rate
176.4 kB/s
I²S
I²S
Device
I²S
Rate
2.250 Mbit/s @ 24bit/48 kHz
Rate
0.281 MB/s
AES/EBU
AES/EBU
Device
AES/EBU
Rate
2.625 Mbit/s @ 24-bit/48 kHz
Rate
0.328 MB/s
S/PDIF fs 48kHz
S/PDIF fs 48kHz
Device
S/PDIF fs 48kHz
Rate
3.072 Mbit/s
Rate
0.384 MB/s
ADAT Lightpipe (Type I)
ADAT Lightpipe (Type I)
Device
ADAT Lightpipe (Type I)
Rate
9.216 Mbit/s
Rate
1.152 MB/s
AC'97
AC'97
Device
AC'97
Rate
12.288 Mbit/s
Rate
1.536 MB/s
HDMI
HDMI
Device
HDMI
Rate
36.864 Mbit/s
Rate
4.608 MB/s
DisplayPort
DisplayPort
Device
DisplayPort
Rate
36.864 Mbit/s
Rate
4.608 MB/s
Intel High Definition Audio rev. 1.0
Intel High Definition Audio rev. 1.0
Device
Intel High Definition Audio rev. 1.0
Rate
48 Mbit/s outbound; 24 Mbit/s inbound
Rate
6 MB/s outbound; 3 MB/s inbound
MADI
MADI
Device
MADI
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate
12.5 MB/s
| Device | Rate | |
| CD Audio (16-bit PCM) | Mbit/s | 176.4 kB/s |
| I²S | Mbit/s @ 24bit/48 kHz | 0.281 MB/s |
| AES/EBU | Mbit/s @ 24-bit/48 kHz | 0.328 MB/s |
| S/PDIF fs 48kHz | Mbit/s | 0.384 MB/s |
| ADAT Lightpipe (Type I) | Mbit/s | 1.152 MB/s |
| AC'97 | Mbit/s | 1.536 MB/s |
| HDMI | Mbit/s | 4.608 MB/s |
| DisplayPort | Mbit/s | 4.608 MB/s |
| Intel High Definition Audio rev. 1.0 | 48 Mbit/s outbound; 24 Mbit/s inbound | 6 MB/s outbound; 3 MB/s inbound |
| MADI | 100 Mbit/s | 12.5 MB/s |
· Bandwidths › Digital video interconnects
HD-SDI (SMPTE 292M)
HD-SDI (SMPTE 292M)
Device
HD-SDI (SMPTE 292M)
Rate
1.485 Gbit/s
Rate
0.186 GB/s
Camera Link Base (single) 24-bit 85 MHz
Camera Link Base (single) 24-bit 85 MHz
Device
Camera Link Base (single) 24-bit 85 MHz
Rate
2.040 Gbit/s
Rate
0.255 GB/s
LVDS Display Interface
LVDS Display Interface
Device
LVDS Display Interface
Rate
2.80 Gbit/s
Rate
0.35 GB/s
3G-SDI (SMPTE 424M)
3G-SDI (SMPTE 424M)
Device
3G-SDI (SMPTE 424M)
Rate
2.97 Gbit/s
Rate
0.371 GB/s
Year
2006
Single link DVI
Single link DVI
Device
Single link DVI
Rate
4.95 Gbit/s
Rate
0.619 GB/s [a]
Year
1999
HDMI 1.0
HDMI 1.0
Device
HDMI 1.0
Rate
4.95 Gbit/s
Rate
0.619 GB/s [a]
Year
2002
Camera Link full (dual) 64-bit 85 MHz
Camera Link full (dual) 64-bit 85 MHz
Device
Camera Link full (dual) 64-bit 85 MHz
Rate
5.44 Gbit/s
Rate
0.680 GB/s
6G-SDI (SMPTE 2081)
6G-SDI (SMPTE 2081)
Device
6G-SDI (SMPTE 2081)
Rate
5.94 Gbit/s
Rate
0.75 GB/s
Year
2015
DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane Reduced Bit Rate)
DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane Reduced Bit Rate)
Device
DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane Reduced Bit Rate)
Rate
6.48 Gbit/s
Rate
0.810 GB/s [a]
Year
2006
Dual link DVI
Dual link DVI
Device
Dual link DVI
Rate
9.90 Gbit/s
Rate
1.238 GB/s [a]
Year
1999
Thunderbolt
Thunderbolt
Device
Thunderbolt
Rate
2 × 10 Gbit/s
Rate
2 × 1.25 GB/s
Year
2011
HDMI 1.3
HDMI 1.3
Device
HDMI 1.3
Rate
10.2 Gbit/s
Rate
1.275 GB/s [a]
Year
2006
Dual High-Speed LVDS Display Interface
Dual High-Speed LVDS Display Interface
Device
Dual High-Speed LVDS Display Interface
Rate
10.5 Gbit/s
Rate
1.312 GB/s
DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane High Bit Rate)
DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane High Bit Rate)
Device
DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane High Bit Rate)
Rate
10.8 Gbit/s
Rate
1.35 GB/s [a]
Year
2006
12G-SDI (SMPTE 2082)
12G-SDI (SMPTE 2082)
Device
12G-SDI (SMPTE 2082)
Rate
11.88 Gbit/s
Rate
1.5 GB/s
Year
2015
HDMI 2.0
HDMI 2.0
Device
HDMI 2.0
Rate
18.0 Gbit/s
Rate
2.25 GB/s [a]
Year
2013
Thunderbolt 2
Thunderbolt 2
Device
Thunderbolt 2
Rate
20 Gbit/s
Rate
2.5 GB/s
Year
2013
DisplayPort 1.2 (4-lane High Bit Rate 2)
DisplayPort 1.2 (4-lane High Bit Rate 2)
Device
DisplayPort 1.2 (4-lane High Bit Rate 2)
Rate
21.6 Gbit/s
Rate
2.7 GB/s [a]
Year
2009
DisplayPort 1.3 (4-lane High Bit Rate 3)
DisplayPort 1.3 (4-lane High Bit Rate 3)
Device
DisplayPort 1.3 (4-lane High Bit Rate 3)
Rate
32.4 Gbit/s
Rate
4.05 GB/s [a]
Year
2014 (2016)
DisplayPort 1.4/1.4a
DisplayPort 1.4/1.4a
Device
DisplayPort 1.4/1.4a
Rate
32.4 Gbit/s
Rate
4.05 GB/s
Year
2016 (2018)
superMHL
superMHL
Device
superMHL
Rate
36 Gbit/s
Rate
4.5 GB/s
Year
2015
Thunderbolt 3
Thunderbolt 3
Device
Thunderbolt 3
Rate
40 Gbit/s
Rate
5 GB/s
Year
2015
HDMI 2.1
HDMI 2.1
Device
HDMI 2.1
Rate
48 Gbit/s
Rate
6 GB/s [b]
Year
2017
DisplayPort 2.0/2.1 (4-lane)
DisplayPort 2.0/2.1 (4-lane)
Device
DisplayPort 2.0/2.1 (4-lane)
Rate
80 Gbit/s
Rate
10 GB/s [c]
Year
2019 (2022)
SMPTE 2110 over 100 Gigabit Ethernet
SMPTE 2110 over 100 Gigabit Ethernet
Device
SMPTE 2110 over 100 Gigabit Ethernet
Rate
100 Gbit/s
Rate
12.5 GB/s
Year
2017
HDMI 2.2
HDMI 2.2
Device
HDMI 2.2
Rate
96 Gbit/s
Rate
12 GB/s [b]
Year
2025
| Device | Rate | Year | |
| HD-SDI (SMPTE 292M) | Gbit/s | 0.186 GB/s | |
| Camera Link Base (single) 24-bit 85 MHz | Gbit/s | 0.255 GB/s | |
| LVDS Display Interface | Gbit/s | 0.35 GB/s | |
| 3G-SDI (SMPTE 424M) | Gbit/s | 0.371 GB/s | 2006 |
| Single link DVI | Gbit/s | 0.619 GB/s [a] | 1999 |
| HDMI 1.0 | Gbit/s | 0.619 GB/s [a] | 2002 |
| Camera Link full (dual) 64-bit 85 MHz | Gbit/s | 0.680 GB/s | |
| 6G-SDI (SMPTE 2081) | Gbit/s | 0.75 GB/s | 2015 |
| DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane Reduced Bit Rate) | Gbit/s | 0.810 GB/s [a] | 2006 |
| Dual link DVI | Gbit/s | 1.238 GB/s [a] | 1999 |
| Thunderbolt | 2 × 10 Gbit/s | 2 × 1.25 GB/s | 2011 |
| HDMI 1.3 | Gbit/s | 1.275 GB/s [a] | 2006 |
| Dual High-Speed LVDS Display Interface | Gbit/s | 1.312 GB/s | |
| DisplayPort 1.0 (4-lane High Bit Rate) | Gbit/s | 1.35 GB/s [a] | 2006 |
| 12G-SDI (SMPTE 2082) | Gbit/s | 1.5 GB/s | 2015 |
| HDMI 2.0 | Gbit/s | 2.25 GB/s [a] | 2013 |
| Thunderbolt 2 | 20 Gbit/s | 2.5 GB/s | 2013 |
| DisplayPort 1.2 (4-lane High Bit Rate 2) | Gbit/s | 2.7 GB/s [a] | 2009 |
| DisplayPort 1.3 (4-lane High Bit Rate 3) | Gbit/s | 4.05 GB/s [a] | 2014 (2016) |
| DisplayPort 1.4/1.4a | Gbit/s | 4.05 GB/s | 2016 (2018) |
| superMHL | 36 Gbit/s | 4.5 GB/s | 2015 |
| Thunderbolt 3 | 40 Gbit/s | 5 GB/s | 2015 |
| HDMI 2.1 | 48 Gbit/s | 6 GB/s [b] | 2017 |
| DisplayPort 2.0/2.1 (4-lane) | 80 Gbit/s | 10 GB/s [c] | 2019 (2022) |
| SMPTE 2110 over 100 Gigabit Ethernet | 100 Gbit/s | 12.5 GB/s | 2017 |
| HDMI 2.2 | 96 Gbit/s | 12 GB/s [b] | 2025 |
References
- Morse can transport 26 alphabetic, 10 numeric and one interword gap plaintext symbols. Transmitting 37 different symbols
- WPM, or words per minute, is the number of times the word "PARIS" is transferred per minute. Strictly speaking the code
- All modems are wrongly assumed to be in serial operation with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (2 sto
- 56K modems: V.90 and V.92 have just 5% overhead for the protocol signalling. The maximum capacity can only be achieved w
- Effective aggregate bandwidth for an ISDN installation is typically higher than the rates shown for a single channel due
- Most operators only support up to 9600 bit/s
- SDSL is available in various speeds.
- ADSL connections will vary in throughput from 64 kbit/s to several Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly
- Satellite internet may have a high bandwidth but also has a high latency due to the distance between the modem, satellit
- FireWire natively supports TCP/IP, and is often used at an alternative to Ethernet when connecting 2 nodes.
- Data rate comparison between FW and Giganet shows that FW's lower overhead has nearly the same throughput as Giganet.
- Note that PCI Express 1.0/2.0 lanes use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- PCIe 2.0 effectively doubles the bus standard's bandwidth from 2.5 GT/s to 5 GT/s
- PCIe 3.0 increases the bandwidth from 5 GT/s to 8 GT/s and switches to 128b-130b encoding
- SCSI-1, SCSI-2 and SCSI-3 are signaling protocols and do not explicitly refer to a specific rate. Narrow SCSI exists usi
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 14 byte AoE per 1024 byte user data
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 20 byte IP, 20 byte TCP per 1460 byte user data
- Fibre Channel 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC use an 8b/10b encoding scheme. Fibre Channel 10GFC, which uses a 64B/66B encoding scheme,
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 14 byte AoE per 8192 byte user data
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 20 byte IP, 20 byte TCP per 8960 byte user data
- SATA and SAS use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 36 byte FC per 2048 byte user data
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- WWVB Radio Controlled Clocks: Recommended Practices for Manufacturers and Consumers (2009 Edition)https://web.archive.org/web/20161221175459/http://tf.nist.gov/timefreq/general/pdf/2422.pdf
- TTY uses a Baudot code, not ASCII. This uses 5 bits per character instead of 8, plus one start and approx. 1.5 stop bits
- "ITU-T Recommendation database"https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/recommendations/rec.aspx?rec=2727
- www.ncicap.orghttps://web.archive.org/web/20110719060406/http://www.ncicap.org/caphist.asp
- Modem Types and Timelinehttps://web.archive.org/web/20081008074601/http://www.surfthe.us/reference/modem-timeline.html
- "ITU-T Recommendations: V Series: Data communication over the telephone network"https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-V/en
- Telephone Tributehttps://www.telephonetribute.com/timeline.html
- Adam.com.auhttp://www.adam.com.au/about_history.php
- "Recommendation G.991.1 (10/98)"https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.991.1-199810-I/en
- DOCSIS 1.0 Archived 2006-06-13 at the Wayback Machine includes technology which first became available around 1995–1996,http://www.cablemodem.com/specifications/specifications10.html
- DOCSIS 2.0 Archived 2009-09-04 at the Wayback Machine specifications provide increased upstream throughput for symmetrichttp://www.cablemodem.com/specifications/specifications20.html
- "G.983.2"https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.983.2/en
- DOCSIS 3.0 Archived 2006-06-19 at the Wayback Machine includes support for channel bonding and IPv6.http://www.cablemodem.com/primer/
- "G.984.4 : Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (G-PON)"https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.984.4/en
- DOCSIS 3.1 Archived 2015-03-13 at the Wayback Machine is currently in development by the Cablelabs Consortiumhttp://www.geek.com/news/docsis-3-1-could-let-cable-companies-compete-with-google-fiber-1575770/
- "G.987 : 10-Gigabit-capable passive optical network (XG-PON) systems"https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.987/en
- "G.989 : 40-Gigabit-capable passive optical networks (NG-PON2)"https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.989/en
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- Tweaktown.comhttps://www.tweaktown.com/articles/309/3
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- InfiniBand SDR, DDR and QDR use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- InfiniBand FDR-10, FDR and EDR use a 64b/66b encoding scheme.
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- RISC System/6000 POWERstation/POWERserver 580https://www.ibm.com/common/ssi/rep_ca/9/877/ENUSZG92-0339/index.html
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- Comparison of AMD graphics processing units
- Comparison of Nvidia graphics processing units
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- "GRAPHICS DOUBLE DATA RATE (GDDR5X) SGRAM STANDARD JESD232"https://www.jedec.org/standards-documents/docs/jesd232a
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- "The HBM3 roadmap is just getting started"https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/04/06/the-hbm3-roadmap-is-just-getting-started/
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- "hdmiforum.org"https://web.archive.org/web/20250626121448/https://hdmiforum.org/hdmi-forum-releases-version-2-2-of-the-hdmi-specification/