List of interface bit rates
Updated: 5/24/2026, 6:52:31 PM Wikipedia source
This is a list of interface bit rates, a measure of information transfer rates, or digital bandwidth capacity, at which digital interfaces in a computer or network can communicate over various kinds of buses and channels. The distinction can be arbitrary between a computer bus, often closer in space, and larger telecommunications networks. Many device interfaces or protocols (e ., SATA, USB, SAS, PCIe) are used both inside many-device boxes, such as a PC, and one-device-boxes, such as a hard drive enclosure. Accordingly, this page lists both the internal ribbon and external communications cable standards together in one sortable table.
Tables
· Bandwidths › Historical
Smoke signals
Smoke signals
Technology
Smoke signals
Maximum rate
millibits/s
Year
Throughout history
Morse code (skilled operator)
Morse code (skilled operator)
Technology
Morse code (skilled operator)
Maximum rate
21 bits/s
Rate excluding overhead
4 characters per second (cps) (~40 wpm)
Year
1844
Normal human speech
Normal human speech
Technology
Normal human speech
Maximum rate
39 bits/s
Year
Prehistoric
| Technology | Maximum rate | Rate excluding overhead | Year |
| Smoke signals | millibits/s | Throughout history | |
| Morse code (skilled operator) | 21 bits/s | 4 characters per second (cps) (~40 wpm) | 1844 |
| Normal human speech | 39 bits/s | Prehistoric |
· Bandwidths › Radio clock
IRIG and related
IRIG and related
Technology
IRIG and related
Maximum rate
1 bit/s
Maximum rate
~0 characters/s
Year
1960
| Technology | Maximum rate | Year | |
| IRIG and related | 1 bit/s | ~0 characters/s | 1960 |
· Bandwidths › Teletypewriter (TTY) or telecommunications device for the deaf (TDD)
TTY (V )
TTY (V )
Technology
TTY (V )
Maximum rate
45 bit/s
Maximum rate
6 characters/s
Year
1994
TTY (V )
TTY (V )
Technology
TTY (V )
Maximum rate
50 bit/s
Maximum rate
6 characters/s
Year
1994
NTSC Line 21 closed captioning
NTSC Line 21 closed captioning
Technology
NTSC Line 21 closed captioning
Maximum rate
1 kbit/s
Maximum rate
~100 characters/s
Year
1976
| Technology | Maximum rate | Year | |
| TTY (V ) | 45 bit/s | 6 characters/s | 1994 |
| TTY (V ) | 50 bit/s | 6 characters/s | 1994 |
| NTSC Line 21 closed captioning | 1 kbit/s | ~100 characters/s | 1976 |
· Bandwidths › Modems (narrowband and broadband) › Narrowband (POTS: 4 kHz channel)
Teleprinter (50 baud)
Teleprinter (50 baud)
Technology
Teleprinter (50 baud)
Rate
0 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
404 operations per minute
Year
1940x
Modem 110 baud (Bell 101)
Modem 110 baud (Bell 101)
Technology
Modem 110 baud (Bell 101)
Rate
0 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s (~10 cps)
Year
1959
Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V )
Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V )
Technology
Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V )
Rate
0 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s (~30 cps)
Year
1962
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V )
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V )
Rate
1 /0 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 /0 kB/s (~120 cps)
Year
1964(?)
Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V )
Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V )
Technology
Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V )
Rate
1 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s (~120 cps)
Year
1976
Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D)
Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D)
Technology
Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D)
Rate
1 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s (~150 cps)
Year
1976
Modem 2000 (Bell 201A)
Modem 2000 (Bell 201A)
Technology
Modem 2000 (Bell 201A)
Rate
2 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s (~250 cps)
Year
1962
Modem 2400 (Bell 201B)
Modem 2400 (Bell 201B)
Technology
Modem 2400 (Bell 201B)
Rate
2 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s (~300 cps)
Year
?
Modem 2400 (600 baud; V )
Modem 2400 (600 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 2400 (600 baud; V )
Rate
2 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s
Year
1984
Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V )
Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V )
Rate
4 /0 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 /0 kB/s
Year
1976
Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B)
Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B)
Technology
Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B)
Rate
4 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
0 kB/s
Year
?
Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V )
Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V )
Rate
9 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1 kB/s
Year
1984
Modem 14 (2400 baud; V )
Modem 14 (2400 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 14 (2400 baud; V )
Rate
14 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1 kB/s
Year
1991
Modem 28 (3200 baud; V )
Modem 28 (3200 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 28 (3200 baud; V )
Rate
28 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
3 kB/s
Year
1994
Modem 33 (3429 baud; V /98)
Modem 33 (3429 baud; V /98)
Technology
Modem 33 (3429 baud; V /98)
Rate
33 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
4 kB/s
Year
1996
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V )
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V )
Rate
56 /33 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
7/4 kB/s
Year
1998
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V )
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V )
Technology
Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V )
Rate
56 /48 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
7/6 kB/s
Year
2001
Modem data compression (variable; V /V )
Modem data compression (variable; V /V )
Technology
Modem data compression (variable; V /V )
Rate
56 –320 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
7–40 kB/s
Year
2000
ISP-side text/image compression (variable)
ISP-side text/image compression (variable)
Technology
ISP-side text/image compression (variable)
Rate
56 –1000 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
7–125 kB/s
Year
1998
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel)
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel)
Technology
ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel)
Rate
64/128 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
8/16 kB/s
Year
1986
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels)
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels)
Technology
IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels)
Rate
144 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
18 kB/s
Year
2000
| Technology | Rate | Rate excluding overhead | Year |
| Teleprinter (50 baud) | 0 kbit/s | 404 operations per minute | 1940x |
| Modem 110 baud (Bell 101) | 0 kbit/s | 0 kB/s (~10 cps) | 1959 |
| Modem 300 (300 baud; Bell 103 or V ) | 0 kbit/s | 0 kB/s (~30 cps) | 1962 |
| Modem 1200/75 (600 baud; V ) | 1 /0 kbit/s | 0 /0 kB/s (~120 cps) | 1964(?) |
| Modem 1200 (600 baud; Vadic VA3400, Bell 212A, or V ) | 1 kbit/s | 0 kB/s (~120 cps) | 1976 |
| Modem 1200 (Bell 202C, 202D) | 1 kbit/s | 0 kB/s (~150 cps) | 1976 |
| Modem 2000 (Bell 201A) | 2 kbit/s | 0 kB/s (~250 cps) | 1962 |
| Modem 2400 (Bell 201B) | 2 kbit/s | 0 kB/s (~300 cps) | ? |
| Modem 2400 (600 baud; V ) | 2 kbit/s | 0 kB/s | 1984 |
| Modem 4800/75 (1600 baud; V ) | 4 /0 kbit/s | 0 /0 kB/s | 1976 |
| Modem 4800 (1600 baud, Bell 208A, 208B) | 4 kbit/s | 0 kB/s | ? |
| Modem 9600 (2400 baud; V ) | 9 kbit/s | 1 kB/s | 1984 |
| Modem 14 (2400 baud; V ) | 14 kbit/s | 1 kB/s | 1991 |
| Modem 28 (3200 baud; V ) | 28 kbit/s | 3 kB/s | 1994 |
| Modem 33 (3429 baud; V /98) | 33 kbit/s | 4 kB/s | 1996 |
| Modem 56k (8000/3429 baud; V ) | 56 /33 kbit/s | 7/4 kB/s | 1998 |
| Modem 56k (8000/8000 baud; V ) | 56 /48 kbit/s | 7/6 kB/s | 2001 |
| Modem data compression (variable; V /V ) | 56 –320 kbit/s | 7–40 kB/s | 2000 |
| ISP-side text/image compression (variable) | 56 –1000 kbit/s | 7–125 kB/s | 1998 |
| ISDN Basic Rate Interface (single/dual channel) | 64/128 kbit/s | 8/16 kB/s | 1986 |
| IDSL (dual ISDN + 16 kbit/s data channels) | 144 kbit/s | 18 kB/s | 2000 |
· Bandwidths › Modems (narrowband and broadband) › Broadband (hundreds of kHz to GHz wide)
ADSL (G )
ADSL (G )
Technology
ADSL (G )
Rate
1536/512 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
192/64 kB/s
Year
1998
HDSL ITU G a . DS1
HDSL ITU G a . DS1
Technology
HDSL ITU G a . DS1
Rate
1544 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
193 kB/s
Year
1998
MSDSL
MSDSL
Technology
MSDSL
Rate
2000 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
250 kB/s
Year
?
SDSL
SDSL
Technology
SDSL
Rate
2320 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
290 kB/s
Year
?
SHDSL ITU G
SHDSL ITU G
Technology
SHDSL ITU G
Rate
5690 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
711 kB/s
Year
2001
ADSL (G ) ITU G
ADSL (G ) ITU G
Technology
ADSL (G ) ITU G
Rate
8192/1024 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1024/128 kB/s
Year
1999
ADSL2 ITU G /4
ADSL2 ITU G /4
Technology
ADSL2 ITU G /4
Rate
12288/1440 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1536/180 kB/s
Year
2002
ADSL2+ ITU G
ADSL2+ ITU G
Technology
ADSL2+ ITU G
Rate
24576/3584 kbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
3072/448 kB/s
Year
2003
DOCSIS 1 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 1 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 1 (cable modem)
Rate
38/9 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
4 /1 MB/s
Year
1997
DOCSIS 2 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 2 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 2 (cable modem)
Rate
38/27 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
4 /3 MB/s
Year
2002
VDSL ITU G
VDSL ITU G
Technology
VDSL ITU G
Rate
52 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
7 MB/s
Year
2001
VDSL2 ITU G
VDSL2 ITU G
Technology
VDSL2 ITU G
Rate
100 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
12 MB/s
Year
2006
Uni-DSL
Uni-DSL
Technology
Uni-DSL
Rate
200 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
25 MB/s
Year
2006
VDSL2 ITU G Amendment 1 (11/15)
VDSL2 ITU G Amendment 1 (11/15)
Technology
VDSL2 ITU G Amendment 1 (11/15)
Rate
300 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
37 MB/s
Year
2015
BPON (G ) (fiber optic service)
BPON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
BPON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
622/155 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
77 /19 MB/s
Year
2005
EPON (802 ) (fiber optic service)
EPON (802 ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
EPON (802 ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
1000/1000 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
125/125 MB/s
Year
2008
DOCSIS 3 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 3 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 3 (cable modem)
Rate
1216/216 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
152/27 MB/s
Year
2006
G ITU G
G ITU G
Technology
G ITU G
Rate
2000 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
250 MB/s
Year
2019
GPON (G ) (fiber optic service)
GPON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
GPON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
2488/1244 Mbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
311/155 MB/s
Year
2008
DOCSIS 3 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 3 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 3 (cable modem)
Rate
10/2 Gbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1 /0 GB/s
Year
2013
10G-PON (G ) (fiber optic service)
10G-PON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
10G-PON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
10/2 Gbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1 /0 GB/s
Year
2012
DOCSIS 4 (cable modem)
DOCSIS 4 (cable modem)
Technology
DOCSIS 4 (cable modem)
Rate
10/6 Gbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1 /0 GB/s
Year
2017
XGS-PON (G ) (fiber optic service)
XGS-PON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
XGS-PON (G ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
10/10 Gbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
1 /1 GB/s
Year
2016
NG-PON2 (G ) (fiber optic service)
NG-PON2 (G ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
NG-PON2 (G ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
40/10 Gbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
5/1 GB/s
Year
2015
HSP (G ) (fiber optic service)
HSP (G ) (fiber optic service)
Technology
HSP (G ) (fiber optic service)
Rate
50/50 Gbit/s
Rate excluding overhead
6 /6 GB/s
Year
2019
| Technology | Rate | Rate excluding overhead | Year |
| ADSL (G ) | 1536/512 kbit/s | 192/64 kB/s | 1998 |
| HDSL ITU G a . DS1 | 1544 kbit/s | 193 kB/s | 1998 |
| MSDSL | 2000 kbit/s | 250 kB/s | ? |
| SDSL | 2320 kbit/s | 290 kB/s | ? |
| SHDSL ITU G | 5690 kbit/s | 711 kB/s | 2001 |
| ADSL (G ) ITU G | 8192/1024 kbit/s | 1024/128 kB/s | 1999 |
| ADSL2 ITU G /4 | 12288/1440 kbit/s | 1536/180 kB/s | 2002 |
| ADSL2+ ITU G | 24576/3584 kbit/s | 3072/448 kB/s | 2003 |
| DOCSIS 1 (cable modem) | 38/9 Mbit/s | 4 /1 MB/s | 1997 |
| DOCSIS 2 (cable modem) | 38/27 Mbit/s | 4 /3 MB/s | 2002 |
| VDSL ITU G | 52 Mbit/s | 7 MB/s | 2001 |
| VDSL2 ITU G | 100 Mbit/s | 12 MB/s | 2006 |
| Uni-DSL | 200 Mbit/s | 25 MB/s | 2006 |
| VDSL2 ITU G Amendment 1 (11/15) | 300 Mbit/s | 37 MB/s | 2015 |
| BPON (G ) (fiber optic service) | 622/155 Mbit/s | 77 /19 MB/s | 2005 |
| EPON (802 ) (fiber optic service) | 1000/1000 Mbit/s | 125/125 MB/s | 2008 |
| DOCSIS 3 (cable modem) | 1216/216 Mbit/s | 152/27 MB/s | 2006 |
| G ITU G | 2000 Mbit/s | 250 MB/s | 2019 |
| GPON (G ) (fiber optic service) | 2488/1244 Mbit/s | 311/155 MB/s | 2008 |
| DOCSIS 3 (cable modem) | 10/2 Gbit/s | 1 /0 GB/s | 2013 |
| 10G-PON (G ) (fiber optic service) | 10/2 Gbit/s | 1 /0 GB/s | 2012 |
| DOCSIS 4 (cable modem) | 10/6 Gbit/s | 1 /0 GB/s | 2017 |
| XGS-PON (G ) (fiber optic service) | 10/10 Gbit/s | 1 /1 GB/s | 2016 |
| NG-PON2 (G ) (fiber optic service) | 40/10 Gbit/s | 5/1 GB/s | 2015 |
| HSP (G ) (fiber optic service) | 50/50 Gbit/s | 6 /6 GB/s | 2019 |
References
- Morse can transport 26 alphabetic, 10 numeric and one interword gap plaintext symbols. Transmitting 37 different symbols
- WPM, or words per minute, is the number of times the word "PARIS" is transferred per minute. Strictly speaking the code
- All modems are wrongly assumed to be in serial operation with 1 start bit, 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit (2 sto
- 56K modems: V and V have just 5% overhead for the protocol signalling. The maximum capacity can only be achieved when th
- Effective aggregate bandwidth for an ISDN installation is typically higher than the rates shown for a single channel due
- Most operators only support up to 9600 bit/s
- SDSL is available in various speeds.
- ADSL connections will vary in throughput from 64 kbit/s to several Mbit/s depending on configuration. Most are commonly
- Satellite internet may have a high bandwidth but also has a high latency due to the distance between the modem, satellit
- FireWire natively supports TCP/IP, and is often used at an alternative to Ethernet when connecting 2 nodes.
- Data rate comparison between FW and Giganet shows that FW's lower overhead has nearly the same throughput as Giganet.
- Note that PCI Express 1 /2 lanes use an 8b/10b encoding scheme.
- PCIe 2 effectively doubles the bus standard's bandwidth from 2 GT/s to 5 GT/s
- PCIe 3 increases the bandwidth from 5 GT/s to 8 GT/s and switches to 128b-130b encoding
- SCSI-1, SCSI-2 and SCSI-3 are signaling protocols and do not explicitly refer to a specific rate. Narrow SCSI exists usi
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 14 byte AoE per 1024 byte user data
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 20 byte IP, 20 byte TCP per 1460 byte user data
- Fibre Channel 1GFC, 2GFC, 4GFC use an 8b/10b encoding scheme. Fibre Channel 10GFC, which uses a 64B/66B encoding scheme,
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 14 byte AoE per 8192 byte user data
- Minimum overhead is 38 byte L1/L2, 20 byte IP, 20 byte TCP per 8960 byte user data