List of human evolution fossils

The following tables give an overview of notable finds of homini fossils and remains relating to human evolution, beginning with the formation of the tribe Hominini (the divergence of the human and chimpanzee lineages) in the late Miocene, roughly 7 to 8 million years ago. This overview is not complete, but shows some of the most important findings. It is rare to find a complete skull or skeleton, and there are thousands of mostly fragmentary fossils, often consisting of single bones or isolated teeth, making it difficult to accurately identify them. The fossils are arranged by approximate age as determined by radiometric dating and/or incremental dating and the species name represents current consensus; if there is no clear scientific consensus the other possible classifications are indicated. The early fossils shown are not considered ancestors to Homo sapiens but are closely related to ancestors and are therefore important to the study of the lineage. After 1 million years ago (extinction of Paranthropus), all fossils shown are human (genus Homo). After 11,500 years ago (11 ka, beginning of the Holocene), all fossils shown are Homo sapiens (anatomically modern humans), illustrating recent divergence in the formation of modern human sub-populations.

Tables

· Late Miocene (7 –5 million years old)

TM 266 (Toumai)

Name

TM 266 (Toumai)

Age (Ma)

7 –6

Species

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Year discovered

2001

Country

Chad Site:Djurab Desert

Discovered by

Alain Beauvilain, Fanone Gongdibe, Mahamat Adoum and Ahounta Djimdoumalbaye

Now located at

N'Djamena (Chad), BEAC

BAR 1000'00

Name

BAR 1000'00

Age (Ma)

6 –5

Species

Orrorin tugenensis

Year discovered

2000

Country

Kenya Site:Lukeino

Discovered by

Martin Pickford, Kiptalam Cheboi, Dominique Gommery, Pierre Mein, Brigitte Senut

ALA-VP 1/20

Name

ALA-VP 1/20

Age (Ma)

5 ±0

Species

Ardipithecus kadabba

Year discovered

1997

Country

Ethiopia Site:Middle Awash

Discovered by

Yohannes Haile-Selassie

Image	Name	Age (Ma)	Species	Year discovered	Country	Discovered by	Now located at
	TM 266 (Toumai)	7 –6	Sahelanthropus tchadensis	2001	Chad Site:Djurab Desert	Alain Beauvilain, Fanone Gongdibe, Mahamat Adoum and Ahounta Djimdoumalbaye	N'Djamena (Chad), BEAC
	BAR 1000'00	6 –5	Orrorin tugenensis	2000	Kenya Site:Lukeino	Martin Pickford, Kiptalam Cheboi, Dominique Gommery, Pierre Mein, Brigitte Senut
	ALA-VP 1/20	5 ±0	Ardipithecus kadabba	1997	Ethiopia Site:Middle Awash	Yohannes Haile-Selassie

· Pliocene (5 –2 million years old)

Ardi

Name

Ardi

Age (Ma)

Species

Ardipithecus ramidus

Year discovered

1994

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Yohannes Haile-Selassie

Lothagam mandible (KNM-LT 329)

Name

Lothagam mandible (KNM-LT 329)

Age (Ma)

4 ±0

Species

Australopithecus sp. or undetermined Hominidae

Year discovered

1967

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Arnold Lewis, Bryan Patterson

KNM-TH 13150

Name

KNM-TH 13150

Age (Ma)

4 ±0

Species

Orrorin praegens

Year discovered

1984

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Kiptalam Cheboi

KNM-KP 271

Name

KNM-KP 271

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus anamensis

Year discovered

1965

Country

Kanapoi, Kenya

Discovered by

Bryan Patterson

Laetoli Footprints

Name

Laetoli Footprints

Age (Ma)

Species

Bipedal hominin

Year discovered

1976

Country

Tanzania

Discovered by

Mary Leakey

Laetoli canine (M42323)

Name

Laetoli canine (M42323)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

1935

Country

Laetoli, Tanzania

Discovered by

Louis Leakey

Now located at

Natural History Museum, London (UK)

LH 4

Name

LH 4

Age (Ma)

3 ±0

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

1974

Country

Laetoli, Tanzania

Discovered by

Mary Leakey

KSD-VP-1/1 (Kadanuumuu)

Name

KSD-VP-1/1 (Kadanuumuu)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

2005

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Yohannes Haile-Selassie

KT-12/H1 (Abel)

Name

KT-12/H1 (Abel)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus bahrelghazali

Year discovered

1995

Country

Chad

Discovered by

Mamelbaye Tomalta and Michel Brunet

Now located at

N'Djamena (Chad), BEAC

KNM-WT 22944 G-J

Name

KNM-WT 22944 G-J

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus sp.

Year discovered

1990

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Multinational team

Now located at

National Museums of Kenya

KNM-WT 40000 (Flat Faced Man)

Name

KNM-WT 40000 (Flat Faced Man)

Age (Ma)

Species

Kenyanthropus platyops

Year discovered

1999

Country

Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana), Kenya

Discovered by

Justus Erus and Meave Leakey

BRT-VP-3/14

Name

BRT-VP-3/14

Age (Ma)

3 ±0

Species

Australopithecus deyiremeda

Year discovered

2015

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Yohannes Haile-Selassie

Stw 573 (Little foot)

Name

Stw 573 (Little foot)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus prometheus(?)

Year discovered

1994

Country

Sterkfontein, South Africa

Discovered by

Ronald J. Clarke

DIK-1 (Selam)

Name

DIK-1 (Selam)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

2000

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Zeresenay Alemseged

AL 288-1 (Lucy)

Name

AL 288-1 (Lucy)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

1974

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Tom Gray, Donald Johanson, Yves Coppens and Maurice Taieb

Now located at

National Museum of Ethiopia

AL 200-1

Name

AL 200-1

Age (Ma)

3 ±0

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

1975

Country

Afar Region, Ethiopia

Discovered by

Donald Johanson Yves Coppens and Maurice Taieb

AL 129-1

Name

AL 129-1

Age (Ma)

3 ±0

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

1973

Country

Afar Region, Ethiopia

Discovered by

Donald Johanson

AL 444-2

Name

AL 444-2

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus afarensis

Year discovered

1992

Country

Afar Region, Ethiopia

Discovered by

Yoel Rak

LD 350-1

Name

LD 350-1

Age (Ma)

2 ±0

Species

Homo(?)

Year discovered

2013

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Chalachew Seyoum

Taung Child 1

Name

Taung Child 1

Age (Ma)

3 –2

Species

Australopithecus africanus

Year discovered

1924

Country

Buxton-Norlim Limeworks, South Africa

Discovered by

Raymond Dart

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

Image	Name	Age (Ma)	Species	Year discovered	Country	Discovered by	Now located at
	Ardi	4	Ardipithecus ramidus	1994	Ethiopia	Yohannes Haile-Selassie
	Lothagam mandible (KNM-LT 329)	4 ±0	Australopithecus sp. or undetermined Hominidae	1967	Kenya	Arnold Lewis, Bryan Patterson
	KNM-TH 13150	4 ±0	Orrorin praegens	1984	Kenya	Kiptalam Cheboi
	KNM-KP 271	4	Australopithecus anamensis	1965	Kanapoi, Kenya	Bryan Patterson
	Laetoli Footprints	3	Bipedal hominin	1976	Tanzania	Mary Leakey
	Laetoli canine (M42323)	3	Australopithecus afarensis	1935	Laetoli, Tanzania	Louis Leakey	Natural History Museum, London (UK)
	LH 4	3 ±0	Australopithecus afarensis	1974	Laetoli, Tanzania	Mary Leakey
	KSD-VP-1/1 (Kadanuumuu)	3	Australopithecus afarensis	2005	Ethiopia	Yohannes Haile-Selassie
	KT-12/H1 (Abel)	3	Australopithecus bahrelghazali	1995	Chad	Mamelbaye Tomalta and Michel Brunet	N'Djamena (Chad), BEAC
	KNM-WT 22944 G-J	3	Australopithecus sp.	1990	Kenya	Multinational team	National Museums of Kenya
	KNM-WT 40000 (Flat Faced Man)	3	Kenyanthropus platyops	1999	Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana), Kenya	Justus Erus and Meave Leakey
	BRT-VP-3/14	3 ±0	Australopithecus deyiremeda	2015	Ethiopia	Yohannes Haile-Selassie
	Stw 573 (Little foot)	3	Australopithecus prometheus(?)	1994	Sterkfontein, South Africa	Ronald J. Clarke
	DIK-1 (Selam)	3	Australopithecus afarensis	2000	Ethiopia	Zeresenay Alemseged
	AL 288-1 (Lucy)	3	Australopithecus afarensis	1974	Ethiopia	Tom Gray, Donald Johanson, Yves Coppens and Maurice Taieb	National Museum of Ethiopia
	AL 200-1	3 ±0	Australopithecus afarensis	1975	Afar Region, Ethiopia	Donald Johanson Yves Coppens and Maurice Taieb
	AL 129-1	3 ±0	Australopithecus afarensis	1973	Afar Region, Ethiopia	Donald Johanson
	AL 444-2	3	Australopithecus afarensis	1992	Afar Region, Ethiopia	Yoel Rak
	LD 350-1	2 ±0	Homo(?)	2013	Ethiopia	Chalachew Seyoum
	Taung Child 1	3 –2	Australopithecus africanus	1924	Buxton-Norlim Limeworks, South Africa	Raymond Dart	University of the Witwatersrand

· Pleistocene › Lower Paleolithic: 2 –0 million years old

KNM-WT 17000 (The Black Skull)

Col 1

Name

KNM-WT 17000 (The Black Skull)

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus aethiopicus

Date discovered

1985

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Alan Walker

BOU-VP-12/130

Col 1

Name

BOU-VP-12/130

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus garhi

Date discovered

1997

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Yohannes Haile-Selassie

LD-760

Name

LD-760

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus sp. indet.

Date discovered

2025

Country

Ethiopia

STS 71

Col 1

Name

STS 71

Age (Ma)

2 –2

Species

Australopithecus africanus

Date discovered

1947

Country

Sterkfontein, South Africa

Discovered by

Robert Broom and John T. Robinson

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

STS 52

Col 1

Name

STS 52

Age (Ma)

2 –2

Species

Australopithecus africanus

Date discovered

1947

Country

Sterkfontein, South Africa

Discovered by

Robert Broom

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

UR 501 (Uraha jawbone)

Col 1

Name

UR 501 (Uraha jawbone)

Age (Ma)

2 ±0

Species

Homo rudolfensis

Date discovered

1991

Country

Malawi

Discovered by

Tyson Msiska, Timothy Bromage, Friedemann Schrenk

STS 5 (Mrs. Ples) (STS 14)

Col 1

Name

STS 5 (Mrs. Ples) (STS 14)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus africanus

Date discovered

1947

Country

Sterkfontein, South Africa

Discovered by

Robert Broom

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

DNH 134 (Simon)

Name

DNH 134 (Simon)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2015

Country

Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa

Discovered by

Andy Herries' team (excavated by Richard Curtis, Andy Herries, Angeline Leece; reconstructed by Jesse Martin)

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

DNH 155

Name

DNH 155

Age (Ma)

2 –1

Species

Paranthropus robustus

Date discovered

2018

Country

Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa

Discovered by

Andy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first found by Samantha Good and excavated by Samantha Good, Angeline Leece, Stephanie Baker and Andy Herries; reconstructed by Jesse Martin)

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

DNH 152(Khethi)

Name

DNH 152(Khethi)

Age (Ma)

2 –1

Species

Paranthropus robustus

Date discovered

2018

Country

Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa

Discovered by

Andy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first part found by Khethi Nkosi. later parts by Amber Jaeger, Eunice Lalunio; reconstructed by Jesse Martin & Angeline Leece)

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

DNH 7 (Eurydice)

Col 1

Name

DNH 7 (Eurydice)

Age (Ma)

2 –1

Species

Paranthropus robustus

Date discovered

1994

Country

Drimolen, Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa

Discovered by

R. Smith and André Keyser

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

KNM-ER 64060

Name

KNM-ER 64060

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

2012

Country

Ileret, Kenya

KNM-ER 64061

Name

KNM-ER 64061

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

2012-2013

Country

Ileret, Kenya

TM 1517

Col 1

Name

TM 1517

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus robustus

Date discovered

1938

Country

South Africa

Discovered by

Gert Terblanche

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

MH1 (Karabo)

Col 1

Name

MH1 (Karabo)

Age (Ma)

Species

Australopithecus sediba

Date discovered

2008

Country

Malapa, South Africa

Discovered by

Matthew Berger and Lee Rogers Berger

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

KNM-ER 1813

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 1813

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

1973

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Kamoya Kimeu

KNM-ER 1470

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 1470

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo rudolfensis

Date discovered

1972

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Bernard Ngeneo

SK 48

Col 1

Name

SK 48

Age (Ma)

2 –1

Species

Paranthropus robustus

Date discovered

1948

Country

Swartkrans, South Africa

Discovered by

Robert Broom

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

SK 46

Col 1

Name

SK 46

Age (Ma)

2 –1

Species

Paranthropus robustus

Date discovered

1949

Country

Swartkrans, South Africa

Discovered by

Robert Broom

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

SK 847

Col 1

Name

SK 847

Age (Ma)

2 –1

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

1949

Country

Swartkrans, South Africa

Now located at

Ditsong National Museum of Natural History

OH 24 (Twiggy)

Col 1

Name

OH 24 (Twiggy)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

1968

Country

Tanzania

Discovered by

Peter Nzube

OH 8

Col 1

Name

OH 8

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

1960

Country

Olduvai, Tanzania

D2700 (Dmanisi Skull 3)

Col 1

Name

D2700 (Dmanisi Skull 3)

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2001

Country

Dmanisi, Georgia

Discovered by

David Lordkipanidze and Abesalom Vekua

D3444 (Dmanisi Skull 4)

Col 1

Name

D3444 (Dmanisi Skull 4)

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2003

Country

Dmanisi, Georgia

Discovered by

David Lordkipanidze

D4500 (Dmanisi Skull 5)

Col 1

Name

D4500 (Dmanisi Skull 5)

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2005 (published in 2013)

Country

Dmanisi, Georgia

Discovered by

David Lordkipanidze

KNM-ER 62000–62003

Name

KNM-ER 62000–62003

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo rudolfensis

Date discovered

2012

Country

Koobi Fora, Kenya

Discovered by

Meave Leakey's team

KNM-ER 64062

Name

KNM-ER 64062

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2013

Country

Ileret, Kenya

OH 5 (Zinj or nutcracker man)

Col 1

Name

OH 5 (Zinj or nutcracker man)

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

1959

Country

Tanzania

Discovered by

Mary Leakey

OH 7 (Johnny's Child)

Col 1

Name

OH 7 (Johnny's Child)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

1960

Country

Tanzania

Discovered by

Jonathan and Mary Leakey

StW 53

Col 1

Name

StW 53

Age (Ma)

1 –1

Species

variously A. africanus, H. habilis, H. gautengensis

Date discovered

1976

Country

Sterkfontein, South Africa

Discovered by

A. R. Hughes

Now located at

University of the Witwatersrand

KNM-ER 1805

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 1805

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo habilis

Date discovered

1973/4

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Paul Abell

Yuanmou Man

Col 1

Name

Yuanmou Man

Age (Ma)

1 or 0 –0 (disputed)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1965

Country

China

Discovered by

Fang Qian

KNM-ER 406

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 406

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

1969

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Richard Leakey

KNM-ER 732

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 732

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

1970

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Richard Leakey

KNM-ER 23000

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 23000

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

1990

Country

Koobi Fora, Kenya

Discovered by

Benson Kyongo

KNM-WT 17400

Col 1

Name

KNM-WT 17400

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

Not known

Country

Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana) Kenya

Discovered by

unknown

Now located at

National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi (Kenia)

KNM-ER 3733

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 3733

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo ergaster (a . African Homo erectus)

Date discovered

1975

Country

Kenya

Lantian Man

Col 1

Name

Lantian Man

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1963

Country

Lantian County, China

Discovered by

Woo Ju-Kang

KNM-WT 15000 (Turkana Boy)

Col 1

Name

KNM-WT 15000 (Turkana Boy)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo ergaster (a . African Homo erectus)

Date discovered

1984

Country

Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana), Kenya

Discovered by

Kamoya Kimeu

Now located at

Kenya National Museum

Peninj Mandible

Col 1

Name

Peninj Mandible

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

1964

Country

Tanzania

Discovered by

Richard Leakey

Ileret Footprints

Col 1

Name

Ileret Footprints

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2007-2014

Country

Ileret, Kenya

KNM-ER 992

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 992

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo ergaster (a . African Homo erectus)

Date discovered

1971

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Richard Leakey

KNM-ER 3883

Col 1

Name

KNM-ER 3883

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1976

Country

Kenya

Discovered by

Richard Leakey

Mojokerto 1 (Mojokerto child)

Col 1

Name

Mojokerto 1 (Mojokerto child)

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1936

Country

Indonesia

Discovered by

Andojo, G . von Koenigswald

BL02-J54-100

Col 1

Name

BL02-J54-100

Age (Ma)

Species

Similar to H. heidelbergensis

Date discovered

Unknown

Country

Spain

Discovered by

Unknown

KGA 10-525

Name

KGA 10-525

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

1993

Country

Konso-Gardula, Ethiopia

Discovered by

A. Amzaye

OH 9 (Chellean Man)

Col 1

Name

OH 9 (Chellean Man)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1960

Country

Olduvai, Tanzania

Discovered by

Louis Leakey

Sima del Elephante maxilla

Name

Sima del Elephante maxilla

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus?

Date discovered

2022

Country

Spain

OH 80

Col 1

Name

OH 80

Age (Ma)

Species

Paranthropus boisei

Date discovered

2010

Country

Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania

Discovered by

Manuel Dominguez-Rodrigo

Now located at

National Museum of Tanzania

ATE9-1

Col 1

Name

ATE9-1

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo sp. or Homo erectus?

Date discovered

2008

Country

Spain

Discovered by

Eudald Carbonell

Now located at

Museo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)

Kocabaş

Col 1

Name

Kocabaş

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

2002

Country

Turkey

Discovered by

M. Cihat Alçiçek

Daka

Col 1

Name

Daka

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1997

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Henry Gilbert

Sangiran 4

Col 1

Name

Sangiran 4

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1939

Country

Indonesia

Discovered by

G . von Koenigswald

Sangiran 2

Col 1

Name

Sangiran 2

Age (Ma)

1 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1937

Country

Indonesia

Discovered by

G . von Koenigswald

Madam Buya

Col 1

Name

Madam Buya

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1997

Country

Eritrea

Discovered by

Ernesto Abbate

Now located at

National Museum of Eritrea

ATD6-15 and ATD6-69 (Niño de la Gran Dolina 342)

Col 1

Name

ATD6-15 and ATD6-69 (Niño de la Gran Dolina 342)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo antecessor or Homo erectus

Date discovered

1994

Country

Spain

Discovered by

Bermúdez & Arsuaga

Now located at

Museo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)

Trinil 2 Pithecanthropus-1 or Java Man

Col 1

Name

Trinil 2 Pithecanthropus-1 or Java Man

Age (Ma)

0 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1891

Country

Indonesia

Discovered by

Eugène Dubois

Now located at

Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden

Ternifine 2-3 now Tighennif

Col 1

Name

Ternifine 2-3 now Tighennif

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1954

Country

Algeria

Discovered by

C. Arambourg & B. Hoffstetter

Sangiran 17

Col 1

Name

Sangiran 17

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1969

Country

Indonesia

Discovered by

S. Sartono

Peking Man

Col 1

Name

Peking Man

Age (Ma)

0 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1921

Country

China

Discovered by

Davidson Black

Now located at

Lost/stolen

Heidel

Name

Heidel

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo aeserniensis or Homo heidelbergensis

Date discovered

2014

Country

Italy

Now located at

National Paleolithic Museum of Isernia

Nanjing Man

Col 1

Name

Nanjing Man

Age (Ma)

0 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1993

Country

China

Discovered by

Liu Luhong

Bodo

Col 1

Name

Bodo

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo heidelbergensis or Homo erectus

Date discovered

1976

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

A. Asfaw

Benjamina

Name

Benjamina

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo neanderthalensis

Date discovered

2001-2001

Country

Spain

Discovered by

Ana Gracia Téllez

Mauer 1 (Heidelberg Man)

Col 1

Name

Mauer 1 (Heidelberg Man)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo heidelbergensis

Date discovered

1907

Country

Germany

Discovered by

Daniel Hartmann

Now located at

Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University

Saldanha man

Col 1

Name

Saldanha man

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo rhodesiensis

Date discovered

1953

Country

South Africa

Boxgrove Man

Col 1

Name

Boxgrove Man

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo heidelbergensis

Date discovered

1994

Country

Now located at

Natural History Museum, London (UK)

Arago 21 (Tautavel Man)

Col 1

Name

Arago 21 (Tautavel Man)

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1971

Country

France

Discovered by

Henry de Lumley

Ceprano Man

Col 1

Name

Ceprano Man

Age (Ma)

0 ±0

Species

Homo cepranensis /Homo heidelbergensis

Date discovered

1994

Country

Ceprano, Italy

Discovered by

Italo Biddittu

Now located at

Servizio di antropologia, Soprintendenza ai beni culturali, Regione Lazio, Italy

Agamenón

Col 1

Name

Agamenón

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo neanderthalensis

Date discovered

1997

Country

Spain

Discovered by

Paleontological teams

Now located at

Museo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)

Miguelón

Col 1

Name

Miguelón

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo neanderthalensis

Date discovered

1992

Country

Spain

Discovered by

Bermúdez, Arsuaga & Carbonell

Now located at

Museo de la Evolución Humana, Burgos (Spain)

Aroeira 3

Col 1

Name

Aroeira 3

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo heidelbergensis

Date discovered

2014

Country

Portugal

Discovered by

João Zilhão

Now located at

Museu Nacional de Arqueologia, Lisbon

Salé cranium

Col 1

Name

Salé cranium

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo sapiens?

Date discovered

1971

Country

Morocco

Discovered by

Quarry worker

Swanscombe Man

Col 1

Name

Swanscombe Man

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo neanderthalensis

Date discovered

1935, 1936, 1955

Country

Discovered by

Alvan T Marston, John J Wymer and Adrian Gibson

Now located at

Natural History Museum

Ndutu

Col 1

Name

Ndutu

Age (Ma)

0 ±

Species

Homo neanderthalensis affinities

Date discovered

1973

Country

Tanzania

Discovered by

Amini Aza Mturi

Hexian Man

Name

Hexian Man

Age (Ma)

0 ±0

Species

Homo erectus

Date discovered

1980-1981

Country

Hexian, China

BH-1

Col 1

Name

BH-1

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo heidelbergensis

Country

Mala Balanica, Serbia

Gawis cranium

Col 1

Name

Gawis cranium

Age (Ma)

0 ±0

Species

Homo erectus/Homo sapiens

Date discovered

2006

Country

Ethiopia

Discovered by

Asahmed Humet

Steinheim Skull

Col 1

Name

Steinheim Skull

Age (Ma)

Species

Homo heidelbergensis

Date discovered

1933

Country

Germany

Name	Age (Ma)	Species	Date discovered	Country	Discovered by	Now located at
KNM-WT 17000 (The Black Skull)	2	Paranthropus aethiopicus	1985	Kenya	Alan Walker
BOU-VP-12/130	2	Australopithecus garhi	1997	Ethiopia	Yohannes Haile-Selassie
LD-760	2	Australopithecus sp. indet.	2025	Ethiopia
STS 71	2 –2	Australopithecus africanus	1947	Sterkfontein, South Africa	Robert Broom and John T. Robinson	Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
STS 52	2 –2	Australopithecus africanus	1947	Sterkfontein, South Africa	Robert Broom	Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
UR 501 (Uraha jawbone)	2 ±0	Homo rudolfensis	1991	Malawi	Tyson Msiska, Timothy Bromage, Friedemann Schrenk
STS 5 (Mrs. Ples) (STS 14)	2	Australopithecus africanus	1947	Sterkfontein, South Africa	Robert Broom	Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
DNH 134 (Simon)	2	Homo erectus	2015	Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa	Andy Herries' team (excavated by Richard Curtis, Andy Herries, Angeline Leece; reconstructed by Jesse Martin)	University of the Witwatersrand
DNH 155	2 –1	Paranthropus robustus	2018	Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa	Andy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first found by Samantha Good and excavated by Samantha Good, Angeline Leece, Stephanie Baker and Andy Herries; reconstructed by Jesse Martin)	University of the Witwatersrand
DNH 152(Khethi)	2 –1	Paranthropus robustus	2018	Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa	Andy Herries and Stephanie Baker's team (first part found by Khethi Nkosi. later parts by Amber Jaeger, Eunice Lalunio; reconstructed by Jesse Martin & Angeline Leece)	University of the Witwatersrand
DNH 7 (Eurydice)	2 –1	Paranthropus robustus	1994	Drimolen, Drimolen Main Quarry, South Africa	R. Smith and André Keyser	University of the Witwatersrand
KNM-ER 64060	2	Homo habilis	2012	Ileret, Kenya
KNM-ER 64061	2	Homo habilis	2012-2013	Ileret, Kenya
TM 1517	2	Paranthropus robustus	1938	South Africa	Gert Terblanche	Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
MH1 (Karabo)	1	Australopithecus sediba	2008	Malapa, South Africa	Matthew Berger and Lee Rogers Berger	University of the Witwatersrand
KNM-ER 1813	1	Homo habilis	1973	Kenya	Kamoya Kimeu
KNM-ER 1470	1	Homo rudolfensis	1972	Kenya	Bernard Ngeneo
SK 48	2 –1	Paranthropus robustus	1948	Swartkrans, South Africa	Robert Broom	Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
SK 46	2 –1	Paranthropus robustus	1949	Swartkrans, South Africa	Robert Broom	Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
SK 847	2 –1	Homo habilis	1949	Swartkrans, South Africa		Ditsong National Museum of Natural History
OH 24 (Twiggy)	1	Homo habilis	1968	Tanzania	Peter Nzube
OH 8	1	Homo habilis	1960	Olduvai, Tanzania
D2700 (Dmanisi Skull 3)	1 ±0	Homo erectus	2001	Dmanisi, Georgia	David Lordkipanidze and Abesalom Vekua
D3444 (Dmanisi Skull 4)	1 ±0	Homo erectus	2003	Dmanisi, Georgia	David Lordkipanidze
D4500 (Dmanisi Skull 5)	1 ±0	Homo erectus	2005 (published in 2013)	Dmanisi, Georgia	David Lordkipanidze
KNM-ER 62000–62003	1 ±0	Homo rudolfensis	2012	Koobi Fora, Kenya	Meave Leakey's team
KNM-ER 64062	1 ±0	Homo erectus	2013	Ileret, Kenya
OH 5 (Zinj or nutcracker man)	1	Paranthropus boisei	1959	Tanzania	Mary Leakey
OH 7 (Johnny's Child)	1	Homo habilis	1960	Tanzania	Jonathan and Mary Leakey
StW 53	1 –1	variously A. africanus, H. habilis, H. gautengensis	1976	Sterkfontein, South Africa	A. R. Hughes	University of the Witwatersrand
KNM-ER 1805	1	Homo habilis	1973/4	Kenya	Paul Abell
Yuanmou Man	1 or 0 –0 (disputed)	Homo erectus	1965	China	Fang Qian
KNM-ER 406	1	Paranthropus boisei	1969	Kenya	Richard Leakey
KNM-ER 732	1	Paranthropus boisei	1970	Kenya	Richard Leakey
KNM-ER 23000	1	Paranthropus boisei	1990	Koobi Fora, Kenya	Benson Kyongo
KNM-WT 17400	1	Paranthropus boisei	Not known	Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana) Kenya	unknown	National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi (Kenia)
KNM-ER 3733	1 ±0	Homo ergaster (a . African Homo erectus)	1975	Kenya
Lantian Man	1 ±0	Homo erectus	1963	Lantian County, China	Woo Ju-Kang
KNM-WT 15000 (Turkana Boy)	1	Homo ergaster (a . African Homo erectus)	1984	Lake Turkana (West Lake Turkana), Kenya	Kamoya Kimeu	Kenya National Museum
Peninj Mandible	1	Paranthropus boisei	1964	Tanzania	Richard Leakey
Ileret Footprints	1	Homo erectus	2007-2014	Ileret, Kenya
KNM-ER 992	1	Homo ergaster (a . African Homo erectus)	1971	Kenya	Richard Leakey
KNM-ER 3883	1 ±0	Homo erectus	1976	Kenya	Richard Leakey
Mojokerto 1 (Mojokerto child)	1 ±0	Homo erectus	1936	Indonesia	Andojo, G . von Koenigswald
BL02-J54-100	1	Similar to H. heidelbergensis	Unknown	Spain	Unknown
KGA 10-525	1	Paranthropus boisei	1993	Konso-Gardula, Ethiopia	A. Amzaye
OH 9 (Chellean Man)	1	Homo erectus	1960	Olduvai, Tanzania	Louis Leakey
Sima del Elephante maxilla	1	Homo erectus?	2022	Spain
OH 80	1	Paranthropus boisei	2010	Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania	Manuel Dominguez-Rodrigo	National Museum of Tanzania