List of highest-grossing media franchises
Updated: 11/4/2025, 1:02:49 PM Wikipedia source
This is a list of media franchises that have grossed more than $2 billion.
Tables
mw- franchises · List
$50 billion+
$50 billion+
Franchise
$50 billion+
Pokémon
Pokémon
Franchise
Pokémon
Year ofinception
1996
Total revenue (est. US$)
$113.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $103.6 billion
Mobile games – $8.93 billion
Box office – $1.16 billion
Home video – $40 million
Jet aircraft livery sales – $3 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Satoshi Tajiri
Owner(s)
The Pokémon Company (Nintendo, Creatures, Game Freak) (copyright; trademark in Japan) Nintendo (trademark globally)
Mickey Mouse & Friends
Mickey Mouse & Friends
Franchise
Mickey Mouse & Friends
Year ofinception
1928
Total revenue (est. US$)
$61.2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $60.66 billion
Box office – $226.7 million
VHS & DVD – $323 million
Original medium
Animated cartoon
Creator(s)
Walt Disney Ub Iwerks
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Winnie the Pooh
Winnie the Pooh
Franchise
Winnie the Pooh
Year ofinception
1924
Total revenue (est. US$)
$50.2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $49.66 billion
DVD & Blu-ray – $40 million
Box office – $545 million
Original medium
Book
Creator(s)
A. A. Milne E. H. Shepard
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
$20–50 billion
$20–50 billion
Franchise
$20–50 billion
Star Wars
Star Wars
Franchise
Star Wars
Year ofinception
1977
Total revenue (est. US$)
$46.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $29.057 billion
Box office – $10.343 billion
Home video – $1.275 billion
Video games – $4.01 billion
Book sales – $1.82 billion
TV revenue – $280 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
George Lucas
Owner(s)
Lucasfilm (The Walt Disney Company)
Disney Princess
Disney Princess
Franchise
Disney Princess
Year ofinception
2000
Total revenue (est. US$)
$45.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $45.468 billion
Home entertainment – $14.7 million
Original medium
Animated films
Creator(s)
Andy Mooney
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Anpanman
Anpanman
Franchise
Anpanman
Year ofinception
1973
Total revenue (est. US$)
$38.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $38.42 billion
Museum – $14.5 million
Original medium
Picture book
Creator(s)
Takashi Yanase
Owner(s)
Froebel-kan [ja](Toppan Printing Co.)
Barbie
Barbie
Franchise
Barbie
Year ofinception
1987
Total revenue (est. US$)
$36.3 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $34.6 billion
Home video sales – $328 million
Box office – $1.439 billion
Original medium
Television special
Creator(s)
Ruth Handler
Owner(s)
Mattel
Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)
Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)
Franchise
Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU)
Year ofinception
2008
Total revenue (est. US$)
$35.2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $32.367 billion
Home entertainment – $2.786 billion
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Marvel StudiosStan LeeJack Kirby
Owner(s)
Walt Disney Studios (The Walt Disney Company) Sony Pictures (Spider-Man films)
Wizarding World (Harry Potter)
Wizarding World (Harry Potter)
Franchise
Wizarding World (Harry Potter)
Year ofinception
1997
Total revenue (est. US$)
$34.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $9.656 billion
Book sales – $8.0777 billion
Merchandise sales – $7.11 billion
Home entertainment – $4.032 billion
Video games – $3.5 billion
TV revenue – $1 billion
Studio tour – $975.3 million
Stage play – $427 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
J. K. Rowling
Owner(s)
J. K. Rowling (books) Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery) (films)
Hello Kitty
Hello Kitty
Franchise
Hello Kitty
Year ofinception
1974
Total revenue (est. US$)
$33.5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $33.5 billion
Box office – $61,487
Original medium
Cartoon character
Creator(s)
Yuko Shimizu Shintaro Tsuji
Owner(s)
Sanrio
Call of Duty
Call of Duty
Franchise
Call of Duty
Year ofinception
2003
Total revenue (est. US$)
$31 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $31 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Infinity Ward
Owner(s)
Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming)
Batman
Batman
Franchise
Batman
Year ofinception
1939
Total revenue (est. US$)
$30.8 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $21.329 billion
Home video – $1.212 billion
Box office – $7.972 billion
TV revenue – $340 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Bob Kane Bill Finger
Owner(s)
DC Entertainment (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Spider-Man
Spider-Man
Franchise
Spider-Man
Year ofinception
1962
Total revenue (est. US$)
$26.8 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $14.526 billion
Box office – $11.125 billion
Home video – $787 million
Video games – $210 million
Broadway musical – $212 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Stan Lee Steve Ditko
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company) Sony Pictures (films)
Transformers
Transformers
Franchise
Transformers
Year ofinception
1984
Total revenue (est. US$)
$25 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $3.97 billion
Box office – $5.260 billion
Home entertainment – $906 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Shōji Kawamori Kazutaka Miyatake
Owner(s)
Takara Tomy Hasbro
Dungeon Fighter Online (DFO)
Dungeon Fighter Online (DFO)
Franchise
Dungeon Fighter Online (DFO)
Year ofinception
2005
Total revenue (est. US$)
$22 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Computer game – $22 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Neople
Owner(s)
Nexon Tencent
Cars
Cars
Franchise
Cars
Year ofinception
2006
Total revenue (est. US$)
$21.5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $19.114 billion
Box office – $1.799 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $634 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
PixarJohn Lasseter
Owner(s)
Pixar(The Walt Disney Company)
Candy Crush
Candy Crush
Franchise
Candy Crush
Year ofinception
2012
Total revenue (est. US$)
$20 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $20 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
King
Owner(s)
Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming)
$10–19 billion
$10–19 billion
Franchise
$10–19 billion
Looney Tunes
Looney Tunes
Franchise
Looney Tunes
Year ofinception
1930
Total revenue (est. US$)
$17.46 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $16.777 billion
Box office – $482 million
Home video sales – $209 million
Original medium
Animated cartoon
Creator(s)
Hugh HarmanRudolf Ising
Owner(s)
Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Franchise
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Year ofinception
1984
Total revenue (est. US$)
$17.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $15.4 billion
Box office – $1.329 billion
Video games – $450 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $154 million
Video rentals – $67.65 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Kevin Eastman Peter Laird
Owner(s)
Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance)
The Lion King
The Lion King
Franchise
The Lion King
Year ofinception
1994
Total revenue (est. US$)
$15.9 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Musical theatre – $8.1 billion
Merchandise sales – $3 billion
Box office – $3.352 billion
Home entertainment – $1.5 billion
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Roger Allers Rob Minkoff
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Dora the Explorer
Dora the Explorer
Franchise
Dora the Explorer
Year ofinception
2000
Total revenue (est. US$)
$15.8 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $15.413 billion
Home video sales – $250 million
Box office – $118 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Chris Gifford Valerie Walsh Eric Weiner
Owner(s)
Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance)
Pac-Man
Pac-Man
Franchise
Pac-Man
Year ofinception
1980
Total revenue (est. US$)
$15.43 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $14.407 billion
Merchandise & licensing – $1 billion
Music sales – $32 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Toru Iwatani Namco
Owner(s)
Bandai Namco Entertainment (Bandai Namco Holdings)
Toy Story
Toy Story
Franchise
Toy Story
Year ofinception
1995
Total revenue (est. US$)
$14.8 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $11 billion
Box office – $3.273 billion
VHS sales – $290 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $250 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
PixarJohn Lasseter
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Peanuts
Peanuts
Franchise
Peanuts
Year ofinception
1950
Total revenue (est. US$)
$14.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $14.19 billion
Box office – $267 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $35 million
Original medium
Comic strip
Creator(s)
Charles M. Schulz
Owner(s)
Sony Music Entertainment Japan (Sony) Peanuts Worldwide LLC (WildBrain)
Paw Patrol
Paw Patrol
Franchise
Paw Patrol
Year ofinception
2013
Total revenue (est. US$)
$14.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $14 billion
Box office – $373.7 million
Home media – $39 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Keith Chapman
Owner(s)
Spin Master
Avengers
Avengers
Franchise
Avengers
Year ofinception
1963
Total revenue (est. US$)
$14.3 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $7.707 billion
Merchandise sales – $6.596 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $18 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Stan Lee Jack Kirby
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company)
Frozen
Frozen
Franchise
Frozen
Year ofinception
2013
Total revenue (est. US$)
$13.9 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $10.588 billion
Box office – $2.694 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $502 million
Musical theatre – $155 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Chris Buck Jennifer Lee Hans Christian Andersen
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Space Invaders
Space Invaders
Franchise
Space Invaders
Year ofinception
1978
Total revenue (est. US$)
$13.9 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video game – $13.93 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Tomohiro Nishikado
Owner(s)
Taito (Square Enix)
SpongeBob SquarePants
SpongeBob SquarePants
Franchise
SpongeBob SquarePants
Year ofinception
1999
Total revenue (est. US$)
$13.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $13 billion
Box office – $457 million
Musical Theater – $37 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Stephen Hillenburg
Owner(s)
Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance)
Warcraft
Warcraft
Franchise
Warcraft
Year ofinception
1994
Total revenue (est. US$)
$12.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $12 billion
Box office – $438 million
Home entertainment – $17.4 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Blizzard Entertainment
Owner(s)
Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming)
Despicable Me (Minions)
Despicable Me (Minions)
Franchise
Despicable Me (Minions)
Year ofinception
2010
Total revenue (est. US$)
$12.3 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $6 billion
Box office – $5.61 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $725 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Sergio Pablos
Owner(s)
Illumination Universal Pictures (Comcast)
Star Trek
Star Trek
Franchise
Star Trek
Year ofinception
1966
Total revenue (est. US$)
$11.2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $5.253 billion
TV revenue – $2.3 billion
Box office – $2.266 billion
VHS sales – $1 billion
DVD & Blu-ray – $426 million
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Gene Roddenberry
Owner(s)
Paramount Skydance
Dragon Ball
Dragon Ball
Franchise
Dragon Ball
Year ofinception
1984
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $6 billion
Box office - $317 million
Home video - $29 million
Video games – $4.4 billion
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Akira Toriyama
Owner(s)
Akira Toriyama (Bird Studio)Shueisha (Hitotsubashi Group) (manga) Toei Animation (anime) Fuji TV (anime)Bandai Namco
Street Fighter
Street Fighter
Franchise
Street Fighter
Year ofinception
1987
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video Game – $10.61 billion
Box office & home video – $211 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Takashi Nishiyama Hiroshi Matsumoto
Owner(s)
Capcom
Jurassic Park
Jurassic Park
Franchise
Jurassic Park
Year ofinception
1990
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10.1 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $6.343 billion
Merchandise sales – $3.2 billion
Home video sales – $418 million
TV revenue – $150 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
Michael Crichton
Owner(s)
Alfred A. Knopf (novel) Universal Pictures (Comcast) Amblin (Reliance / Hasbro / Alibaba) (film)
Grand Theft Auto (GTA)
Grand Theft Auto (GTA)
Franchise
Grand Theft Auto (GTA)
Year ofinception
1997
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $10 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
DMA Design David Jones Mike Dailly
Owner(s)
Rockstar Games (Take-Two Interactive)
Rilakkuma
Rilakkuma
Franchise
Rilakkuma
Year ofinception
2003
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $10 billion
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Aki Kondo
Owner(s)
San-X
Monster Strike
Monster Strike
Franchise
Monster Strike
Year ofinception
2013
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Mobile Game- $10 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Yoshiki Okamoto
Owner(s)
Mixi
Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba
Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba
Franchise
Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba
Year ofinception
2016
Total revenue (est. US$)
$10 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales- $8.74 billion
Box office – $1.26 billion
Home media – $4.8 million
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Koyoharu Gotōge
Owner(s)
Koyoharu Gotōge and Shueisha (Hitotsubashi Group) (manga)ufotable (anime)
Aniplex (anime)
$5–9 billion
$5–9 billion
Franchise
$5–9 billion
James Bond
James Bond
Franchise
James Bond
Year ofinception
1953
Total revenue (est. US$)
$9.75 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $7.879 billion
Home entertainment – $373 million
Merchandise sales – $1 billion
Video games – $500 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
Ian Fleming
Owner(s)
Danjaq Ian Fleming Publications (books) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (Amazon MGM Studios) (films)
Angry Birds
Angry Birds
Franchise
Angry Birds
Year ofinception
2009
Total revenue (est. US$)
$9.54 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $8.647 billion
Box office – $503 million
Video games – $362.5 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $35 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Jaakko Iisalo
Owner(s)
Rovio Entertainment (Sega Sammy Holdings)
Thomas & Friends
Thomas & Friends
Franchise
Thomas & Friends
Year ofinception
1945
Total revenue (est. US$)
$9.12 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $9.107 billion
Box office – $19.7 million
Original medium
Book
Creator(s)
Wilbert Awdry Christopher Awdry
Owner(s)
Egmont Group Mattel
Fortnite
Fortnite
Franchise
Fortnite
Year ofinception
2017
Total revenue (est. US$)
$9 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $9 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Epic Games
Owner(s)
Epic Games Tencent
Mario
Mario
Franchise
Mario
Year ofinception
1981
Total revenue (est. US$)
$8.75 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $7.33 billion
Box office – $1.3 billion
Home media – $21 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Shigeru Miyamoto Nintendo R&D1
Owner(s)
Nintendo
Super Sentai / Power Rangers
Super Sentai / Power Rangers
Franchise
Super Sentai / Power Rangers
Year ofinception
1975 (Super Sentai) 1993 (Power Rangers)
Total revenue (est. US$)
$8.67 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Licensed merchandise – $8.47 billion
DVD & Blu-ray – $18 million
Box office – $182 million
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Shotaro Ishinomori Haim Saban Shuki Levy
Owner(s)
Toei Company (Super Sentai; Power Rangers co-ownership, trademark in Asia) Bandai Namco Holdings (Super Sentai merchandise) Hasbro (Power Rangers co-ownership, international trademark)
Middle-earth (The Lord of the Rings)
Middle-earth (The Lord of the Rings)
Franchise
Middle-earth (The Lord of the Rings)
Year ofinception
1937
Total revenue (est. US$)
$8.46 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $1.5 billion
Box office – $5.968 billion
Home media – $995 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
J. R. R. Tolkien
Owner(s)
Tolkien Estate (books) Middle-earth Enterprises (Embracer Freemode) (ownership of IP outside of books)New Line Cinema (Warner Bros. Discovery) (films, under sublicense of Middle-earth Enterprises)
X-Men
X-Men
Franchise
X-Men
Year ofinception
1963
Total revenue (est. US$)
$8.35 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $7.422 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $823.6 million
Merchandise sales - $85 million
Video games – $28 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Stan Lee Jack Kirby
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company)
Superman
Superman
Franchise
Superman
Year ofinception
1938
Total revenue (est. US$)
$8.1 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $4.032 billion
Box office – $3.720 billion
DVD & Blu-ray - $356 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Jerry Siegel Joe Shuster
Owner(s)
DC Entertainment (Warner Bros. Discovery)
DC Extended Universe (DCEU)
DC Extended Universe (DCEU)
Franchise
DC Extended Universe (DCEU)
Year ofinception
2013
Total revenue (est. US$)
$8 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $7.191 billion
Home video sales – $709.4 million
Merchandise sales – $100 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
DC Entertainment
Owner(s)
DC Entertainment (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Fast & Furious
Fast & Furious
Franchise
Fast & Furious
Year ofinception
2001
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7.98 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $7.333 billion
Home entertainment – $595 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Gary Scott Thompson
Owner(s)
Universal Pictures (Comcast)
Pirates of the Caribbean
Pirates of the Caribbean
Franchise
Pirates of the Caribbean
Year ofinception
2003
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7.9 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $4.522 billion
Home entertainment – $1.781 billion
Merchandise sales – $1.6 billion
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Walt DisneyWalt Disney Imagineering Marc Davis Gore Verbinski Jerry Bruckheimer
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Ben 10
Ben 10
Franchise
Ben 10
Year ofinception
2005
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7.85 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $7.853 billion
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Man of Action Studios Cartoon Network Studios
Owner(s)
Cartoon Network (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Sesame Street (The Muppets)
Sesame Street (The Muppets)
Franchise
Sesame Street (The Muppets)
Year ofinception
1955
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7.72 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $7.05 billion
Box office – $481 million
TV licensing – $96 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $98 million
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Jim Henson Joan Ganz Cooney Lloyd Morrisett
Owner(s)
The Muppets Studio (The Walt Disney Company) Sesame Workshop
Ultra Series (Ultraman)
Ultra Series (Ultraman)
Franchise
Ultra Series (Ultraman)
Year ofinception
1966
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $7.4 billion
Box office – $1.1 million
Home media – $1.4 million
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Eiji Tsuburaya
Owner(s)
Tsuburaya Productions (Bandai Namco Holdings)
Sonic the Hedgehog
Sonic the Hedgehog
Franchise
Sonic the Hedgehog
Year ofinception
1991
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7.37 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $5 billion
Box office – $1.196 billion
Licensing – $1 billion
Home entertainment – $180 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Sonic Team Hirokazu Yasuhara Yuji Naka Naoto Ohshima
Owner(s)
Sega (Sega Sammy Holdings)
Madden NFL
Madden NFL
Franchise
Madden NFL
Year ofinception
1998
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $7 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Electronic Arts
Owner(s)
Electronic Arts National Football League (NFL)
Fate (Fate/stay night)
Fate (Fate/stay night)
Franchise
Fate (Fate/stay night)
Year ofinception
2004
Total revenue (est. US$)
$7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Mobile game – $7 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Type-Moon
Owner(s)
Type-Moon (video game) Aniplex (Sony Music Japan) (anime & mobile game)
Halo
Halo
Franchise
Halo
Year ofinception
2001
Total revenue (est. US$)
$6.8 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Games & consoles – $5 billion
Home video & merchandise – $1.8 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Bungie
Owner(s)
Xbox Game Studios (Microsoft Gaming)
Ice Age
Ice Age
Franchise
Ice Age
Year ofinception
2002
Total revenue (est. US$)
$6.42 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $3.2 billion
Retail sales – $1.3 billion
Home entertainment – $347 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Michael J. Wilson Blue Sky Studios
Owner(s)
20th Century Studios (The Walt Disney Company)
Shrek
Shrek
Franchise
Shrek
Year ofinception
1990
Total revenue (est. US$)
$6.3 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $4.020 billion
Home entertainment – $1.922 billion
Merchandise sales – $275 million
Broadway musical – $46.4 million
Video games – $38.9 million
Original medium
Picture book
Creator(s)
William Steig DreamWorks Animation
Owner(s)
Farrar, Straus and Giroux (book) Universal Pictures (Comcast) (films)
The Phantom of the Opera
The Phantom of the Opera
Franchise
The Phantom of the Opera
Year ofinception
1986
Total revenue (est. US$)
$6.15 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Musical theatre – $6 billion
Box office – $155 million
Original medium
Musical theatre
Creator(s)
Andrew Lloyd Webber
Owner(s)
Andrew Lloyd Webber
My Little Pony
My Little Pony
Franchise
My Little Pony
Year ofinception
1984
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5.98 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $5.916 billion
Box office – $67.3 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $4.3 million
Original medium
Animated cartoon
Creator(s)
Lauren Faust Bonnie Zacherle
Owner(s)
Hasbro
Avatar
Avatar
Franchise
Avatar
Year ofinception
2009
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5.78 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $5.243 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $429 million
Merchandise sales – $153 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
James Cameron
Owner(s)
20th Century Studios (The Walt Disney Company)
Scooby-Doo
Scooby-Doo
Franchise
Scooby-Doo
Year ofinception
1969
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5.43 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $4.9 billion
Box office – $483.4 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $54 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Joe Ruby Ken Spears
Owner(s)
Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Yu-Gi-Oh!
Yu-Gi-Oh!
Franchise
Yu-Gi-Oh!
Year ofinception
1996
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5.42 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Licensed merchandise – $5 billion
Video games – $387 million
Anime box office – $39.3 million
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Kazuki Takahashi
Owner(s)
Kazuki Takahashi Shueisha (Hitotsubashi Group) (manga)Konami (games and cards)
Mamma Mia
Mamma Mia
Franchise
Mamma Mia
Year ofinception
1975
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5.16 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Musical theatre – $4 billion
Film box office – $988 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $180 million
Original medium
Song
Creator(s)
ABBA
Owner(s)
Polar / Epic (Sony) (song) Universal Pictures (Comcast) (films)
Mortal Kombat
Mortal Kombat
Franchise
Mortal Kombat
Year ofinception
1992
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5.06 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $4.054 billion
Box office – $256 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $2.9 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Midway Games Chicago Ed Boon John Tobias
Owner(s)
Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Gundam
Gundam
Franchise
Gundam
Year ofinception
1979
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $5 billion
Original medium
Anime series
Creator(s)
Yoshiyuki Tomino
Owner(s)
Bandai Namco Filmworks, directly and through Sotsu (Bandai Namco Holdings)
Genshin Impact
Genshin Impact
Franchise
Genshin Impact
Year ofinception
2020
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video game – $5 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
miHoYoCai Haoyu
Owner(s)
miHoYo
The Sims
The Sims
Franchise
The Sims
Year ofinception
2000
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $5 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Will Wright
Owner(s)
Electronic Arts
Bob the Builder
Bob the Builder
Franchise
Bob the Builder
Year ofinception
1998
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $5 billion
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Keith Chapman
Owner(s)
Mattel
MapleStory
MapleStory
Franchise
MapleStory
Year ofinception
2003
Total revenue (est. US$)
$5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $5 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Nexon
Owner(s)
Nexon
$2–4 billion
$2–4 billion
Franchise
$2–4 billion
The Simpsons
The Simpsons
Franchise
The Simpsons
Year ofinception
1987
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.9 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $4.223 billion
Box office – $536 million
Video games – $141 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Matt Groening
Owner(s)
20th Century Studios (The Walt Disney Company)
Assassin's Creed
Assassin's Creed
Franchise
Assassin's Creed
Year ofinception
2007
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.7 Billion (2014-2024)
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $1 billion
Box office – $240 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $12 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Patrice DésiletsJade RaymondCorey May
Owner(s)
Ubisoft
Mission: Impossible
Mission: Impossible
Franchise
Mission: Impossible
Year ofinception
1966
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.7 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $4.392 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $193 million
Video games – $24 million
TV revenue – $100 million
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Bruce Geller
Owner(s)
Paramount Pictures (Paramount Skydance)
Beyblade
Beyblade
Franchise
Beyblade
Year ofinception
1999
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.6 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $4.6 billion
Box office – $9.7 million
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Takao Aoki
Owner(s)
Takao Aoki Shogakukan (Hitotsubashi Group)
The Big Bang Theory
The Big Bang Theory
Franchise
The Big Bang Theory
Year ofinception
2007
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.57 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
TV advertising – $3.57 billion
TV syndication – $1 billion
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Chuck Lorre Bill Prady
Owner(s)
Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Seinfeld
Seinfeld
Franchise
Seinfeld
Year ofinception
1989
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.56 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
TV revenue – $4.06 billion
TV streaming – $500 million
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Larry David Jerry Seinfeld
Owner(s)
Sony Pictures Television (Sony)
Minecraft
Minecraft
Franchise
Minecraft
Year ofinception
2009
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.32 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $3.367 billion
Box office – $953 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Markus Persson
Owner(s)
Mojang StudiosXbox Game Studios (Microsoft Gaming)
Twilight
Twilight
Franchise
Twilight
Year ofinception
2005
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.31 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $3.314 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $1 billion
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
Stephenie Meyer
Owner(s)
Little, Brown and Company Summit Entertainment
Gran Turismo
Gran Turismo
Franchise
Gran Turismo
Year ofinception
1997
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4.1 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $4 billion
Box office - $117 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Kazunori Yamauchi Polyphony Digital
Owner(s)
Sony Interactive Entertainment (Sony)
Strawberry Shortcake
Strawberry Shortcake
Franchise
Strawberry Shortcake
Year ofinception
1979
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $4 billion
DVD sales – $2.6 million
Original medium
Greeting card
Creator(s)
American Greetings
Owner(s)
WildBrain
The Smurfs
The Smurfs
Franchise
The Smurfs
Year ofinception
1958
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office - $1.109 billion
Home media - $98.4 million
Original medium
Comic
Creator(s)
Peyo
Owner(s)
Studio Peyo
Cabbage Patch Kids
Cabbage Patch Kids
Franchise
Cabbage Patch Kids
Year ofinception
1982
Total revenue (est. US$)
$4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $4 billion
Original medium
television special
Creator(s)
Coleco
Owner(s)
Wicked Cool Toys (Berkshire Hathaway)
G.I. Joe
G.I. Joe
Franchise
G.I. Joe
Year ofinception
1967
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.95 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $3.105 billion
Box office – $712 million
DVD & Blu-ray – $134 million
Original medium
Comic
Creator(s)
Stan Weston
Owner(s)
Hasbro
Lilo & Stitch(Stitch)
Lilo & Stitch(Stitch)
Franchise
Lilo & Stitch(Stitch)
Year ofinception
2002
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.89 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $2.6 billion
Box office - $1.27 billion
Home media - $15.9 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Chris Sanders
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
The Hunger Games
The Hunger Games
Franchise
The Hunger Games
Year ofinception
2008
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.83 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $3.317 billion
DVD & Blu-ray – $520 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
Suzanne Collins
Owner(s)
Scholastic Corporation (books) Lionsgate (films)
Blue's Clues
Blue's Clues
Franchise
Blue's Clues
Year ofinception
1996
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.6 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $3.6 billion
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
Traci Paige JohnsonTodd KesslerAngela C. Santomero
Owner(s)
Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance)
Beauty and the Beast
Beauty and the Beast
Franchise
Beauty and the Beast
Year ofinception
1991
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.52 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.689 billion
Musical - $1.4 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $432.6 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Gary Trousdale Kirk Wise Gabrielle-Suzanne de Villeneuve
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Skylanders
Skylanders
Franchise
Skylanders
Year ofinception
2011
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Licensed merchandise – $1.858 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Toys for Bob
Owner(s)
Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming)
Titanic
Titanic
Franchise
Titanic
Year ofinception
1997
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.45 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.257 billion
VHS & DVD sales – $1.2 billion
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
James Cameron
Owner(s)
Paramount Pictures (North America) 20th Century Studios (international) (The Walt Disney Company)
Titanfall
Titanfall
Franchise
Titanfall
Year ofinception
2014
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.4 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games - $3.4 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Respawn Entertainment
Owner(s)
Electronic Arts
Bratz
Bratz
Franchise
Bratz
Year ofinception
2001
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.23 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $3.15 billion
Box office – $26 million
Home entertainment – $56.7 million
Original medium
Doll
Creator(s)
Carter Bryant
Owner(s)
MGA Entertainment
Fengshen Cinematic Universe
Fengshen Cinematic Universe
Franchise
Fengshen Cinematic Universe
Year ofinception
2019
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $3.22 billion
Home Media – $1.2 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Jiaozi
Owner(s)
Beijing Enlight Pictures
Care Bears
Care Bears
Franchise
Care Bears
Year ofinception
1981
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.05 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $3.02 billion
Box office – $34 million
Original medium
Greeting card
Creator(s)
American Greetings
Owner(s)
Cloudco Entertainment
Hamtaro
Hamtaro
Franchise
Hamtaro
Year ofinception
1997
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3.02 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $3 billion
Box office – $25 million
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Ritsuko Kawai
Owner(s)
Shogakukan (Hitotsubashi Group)
Terminator
Terminator
Franchise
Terminator
Year ofinception
1984
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.074 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $136 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
James Cameron Gale Anne Hurd
Owner(s)
Skydance Media
Astro Boy
Astro Boy
Franchise
Astro Boy
Year ofinception
1952
Total revenue (est. US$)
$3 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $3 billion
Box office – $42 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $10.2 million
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Osamu Tezuka
Owner(s)
Tezuka Productions
Thor
Thor
Franchise
Thor
Year ofinception
1962
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.98 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.710 billion
Home entertainment – $279 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Stan LeeLarry LieberJack Kirby
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company)
Iron Man
Iron Man
Franchise
Iron Man
Year ofinception
1963
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.89 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.425 billion
Home entertainment – $471 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Stan Lee Jack Kirby Larry Lieber Don Heck
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company)
Guardians of the Galaxy
Guardians of the Galaxy
Franchise
Guardians of the Galaxy
Year ofinception
1969
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.71 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.485 billion
Home video – $232 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Roy Thomas Arnold Drake Gene Colan
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company)
Inside Out
Inside Out
Franchise
Inside Out
Year ofinception
2015
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.67 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office - $2.549 billion
Home media - $122.2 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Pete Docter
Owner(s)
Pixar (The Walt Disney Company
The Elder Scrolls
The Elder Scrolls
Franchise
The Elder Scrolls
Year ofinception
1994
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.65 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $2.65 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Bethesda Softworks
Owner(s)
ZeniMax Media (Microsoft Gaming)
Godzilla (Gojira)
Godzilla (Gojira)
Franchise
Godzilla (Gojira)
Year ofinception
1954
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.63 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.495 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $136.4 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Ishirō Honda
Owner(s)
Toho
Indiana Jones
Indiana Jones
Franchise
Indiana Jones
Year ofinception
1981
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.6 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.210 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $396 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
George Lucas Steven Spielberg
Owner(s)
Lucasfilm (The Walt Disney Company)
Madagascar
Madagascar
Franchise
Madagascar
Year ofinception
2005
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.59 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.270 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $329 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Tom McGrath Eric Darnell
Owner(s)
DreamWorks Animation (Comcast)
Captain America
Captain America
Franchise
Captain America
Year ofinception
1941
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.55 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.239 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $317 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Joe Simon Jack Kirby
Owner(s)
Marvel Comics (The Walt Disney Company)
Kung Fu Panda
Kung Fu Panda
Franchise
Kung Fu Panda
Year ofinception
2008
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.54 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.306 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $234 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Ethan Reiff Cyrus Voris
Owner(s)
Universal Pictures (Comcast)
Winx Club
Winx Club
Franchise
Winx Club
Year ofinception
2004
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.53 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $2.5 billion
Box office – $34 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Iginio Straffi
Owner(s)
Rainbow S.p.A. Paramount Global (copyright for seasons 5–7)
The Powerpuff Girls
The Powerpuff Girls
Franchise
The Powerpuff Girls
Year ofinception
1998
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.52 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $2.5 billion
Box office – $16.4 million
Original medium
Animated series
Creator(s)
Craig McCracken
Owner(s)
Cartoon Network (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Friends
Friends
Franchise
Friends
Year ofinception
1994
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
TV syndication – $1.5 billion
TV advertising – $1 billion
Box office – $89,007
Original medium
Television series
Creator(s)
David Crane Marta Kauffman
Owner(s)
Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery)
Sailor Moon
Sailor Moon
Franchise
Sailor Moon
Year ofinception
1991
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.5 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $2.5 billion
Original medium
Manga
Creator(s)
Naoko Takeuchi
Owner(s)
Naoko Takeuchi Kodansha (manga)Toei Animation (anime)
The Incredibles
The Incredibles
Franchise
The Incredibles
Year ofinception
2004
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.37 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.875 billion
Merchandise sales – $370 million
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $127 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Brad Bird
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Kumamon
Kumamon
Franchise
Kumamon
Year ofinception
2010
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.36 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Retail sales – $2.36 billion
Original medium
Cartoon
Creator(s)
Kumamoto Prefecture
Owner(s)
Kumamoto Prefecture
Aladdin
Aladdin
Franchise
Aladdin
Year ofinception
1992
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.33 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.554 billion
Broadway musical – $571.8 million
Video games – $200 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Hanna Diyab Walt Disney Animation
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Black Panther
Black Panther
Franchise
Black Panther
Year ofinception
1966
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.31 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.209 billion
Home video – $104 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Stan Lee Jack Kirby
Owner(s)
Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company)
Planet of the Apes
Planet of the Apes
Franchise
Planet of the Apes
Year ofinception
1963
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.27 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.115 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $157 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
Pierre Boulle
Owner(s)
Éditions Julliard (book) 20th Century Studios (Disney) (films)
Jumanji
Jumanji
Franchise
Jumanji
Year ofinception
1981
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.24 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.089 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $155 million
Original medium
Picture book
Creator(s)
Chris Van Allsburg
Owner(s)
Sony
The Little Mermaid
The Little Mermaid
Franchise
The Little Mermaid
Year ofinception
1989
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.21 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $782 million
Merchandise sales – $1 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $349 million
Musical - $83 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Hans Christian AndersenRon ClementsJohn Musker
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
The Conjuring Universe
The Conjuring Universe
Franchise
The Conjuring Universe
Year ofinception
2013
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.18 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $2.107 billion
Home media – $79 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
James Wan
Owner(s)
Warner Bros.
Ghostbusters
Ghostbusters
Franchise
Ghostbusters
Year ofinception
1984
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.18 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $1 billion
Box office – $1.1 billion
Home media – $85 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Dan Aykroyd Harold Ramis
Owner(s)
Sony
Finding Nemo
Finding Nemo
Franchise
Finding Nemo
Year ofinception
2003
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.15 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.961 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $196 million
Original medium
Animated film
Creator(s)
Andrew Stanton
Owner(s)
The Walt Disney Company
Rocky
Rocky
Franchise
Rocky
Year ofinception
1976
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.11 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office - $1.993 billion
Home media - $119.5 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Sylvester Stallone
Owner(s)
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (Amazon)
MonsterVerse
MonsterVerse
Franchise
MonsterVerse
Year ofinception
2014
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.09 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.94 billion
Home media – $159 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Thomas Tull Ishirō Honda (Godzilla) Edgar Wallace (King Kong) Merian C. Cooper (King Kong)
Owner(s)
Warner Brothers Legendary Entertainment Toho (Godzilla)
Yo-kai Watch
Yo-kai Watch
Franchise
Yo-kai Watch
Year ofinception
2013
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.09 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $2 billion
Box office – $99.4 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Level-5
Owner(s)
Level-5
The Matrix
The Matrix
Franchise
The Matrix
Year ofinception
1999
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.06 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $250 million
Box office – $1.791 billion
Home media – $26 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
The Wachowskis
Owner(s)
Warner Bros.
The Chronicles of Narnia
The Chronicles of Narnia
Franchise
The Chronicles of Narnia
Year ofinception
2005
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.06 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office - $1.556 billion
Home media - $506 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
C. S. Lewis Andrew Adamson
Owner(s)
Netflix
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
Franchise
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
Year ofinception
1982
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.04 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Merchandise sales – $1 billion
Box office – $797 million
VHS sales – $250 million
Original medium
Film
Creator(s)
Steven Spielberg
Owner(s)
Universal Pictures (Comcast)
Robert LangdonThe Da Vinci Code
Robert LangdonThe Da Vinci Code
Franchise
Robert LangdonThe Da Vinci Code
Year ofinception
2000
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.04 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Book sales – $400 million
Box office - $1.478 billion
Home media - $164.1 million
Original medium
Book
Creator(s)
Dan Brown
Owner(s)
Doubleday Sony (film series)
Bourne
Bourne
Franchise
Bourne
Year ofinception
1980
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.03 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.665 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $374 million
Original medium
Novel
Creator(s)
Robert Ludlum
Owner(s)
Eric Van Lustbader (books) Universal Pictures (Comcast) (films)
Men in Black
Men in Black
Franchise
Men in Black
Year ofinception
1990
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2.02 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Box office – $1.940 billion
DVD & Blu-ray sales – $83 million
Original medium
Comic book
Creator(s)
Lowell Cunningham
Owner(s)
Marvel Comics (Disney) (comics) Sony (films)
Resident Evil (Biohazard)
Resident Evil (Biohazard)
Franchise
Resident Evil (Biohazard)
Year ofinception
1996
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $600 million
Box office – $1.271 billion
Home video – $132 million
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Shinji Mikami Tokuro Fujiwara
Owner(s)
Capcom
Guitar Hero
Guitar Hero
Franchise
Guitar Hero
Year ofinception
2005
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $2 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Harmonix
Owner(s)
Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming)
Lego
Lego
Franchise
Lego
Year ofinception
1995
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $2 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Lego Interactive (The Lego Group)
Owner(s)
TT Games (Warner Bros. Discovery)
NBA Jam
NBA Jam
Franchise
NBA Jam
Year ofinception
1993
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
Video games – $2 billion
Original medium
Video game
Creator(s)
Midway Games
Owner(s)
Electronic Arts National Basketball Association (NBA)
Neon Genesis Evangelion
Neon Genesis Evangelion
Franchise
Neon Genesis Evangelion
Year ofinception
1994
Total revenue (est. US$)
$2 billion
Revenue breakdown(est. US$)
TV revenue - $1.4 billion
Retail sales - $255 million
Box office - $254 million
Original medium
Anime
Creator(s)
Hideaki Anno
Owner(s)
Khara
| Franchise | Year ofinception | Total revenue (est. US$) | Revenue breakdown(est. US$) | Original medium | Creator(s) | Owner(s) |
| $50 billion+ | ||||||
| Pokémon | 1996 | billion | Retail sales – $103.6 billion Mobile games – $8.93 billion Box office – $1.16 billion Home video – $40 million Jet aircraft livery sales – $3 million | Video game | Satoshi Tajiri | The Pokémon Company (Nintendo, Creatures, Game Freak) (copyright; trademark in Japan) Nintendo (trademark globally) |
| Mickey Mouse & Friends | 1928 | billion | Retail sales – $60.66 billion Box office – $226.7 million VHS & DVD – $323 million | Animated cartoon | Walt Disney Ub Iwerks | The Walt Disney Company |
| Winnie the Pooh | 1924 | billion | Retail sales – $49.66 billion DVD & Blu-ray – $40 million Box office – $545 million | Book | A. A. Milne E. H. Shepard | The Walt Disney Company |
| $20–50 billion | ||||||
| Star Wars | 1977 | billion | Merchandise sales – $29.057 billion Box office – $10.343 billion Home video – $1.275 billion Video games – $4.01 billion Book sales – $1.82 billion TV revenue – $280 million | Film | George Lucas | Lucasfilm (The Walt Disney Company) |
| Disney Princess | 2000 | billion | Retail sales – $45.468 billion Home entertainment – $14.7 million | Animated films | Andy Mooney | The Walt Disney Company |
| Anpanman | 1973 | billion | Retail sales – $38.42 billion Museum – $14.5 million | Picture book | Takashi Yanase | Froebel-kan [ja](Toppan Printing Co.) |
| Barbie | 1987 | billion | Merchandise sales – $34.6 billion Home video sales – $328 million Box office – $1.439 billion | Television special | Ruth Handler | Mattel |
| Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) | 2008 | billion | Box office – $32.367 billion Home entertainment – $2.786 billion | Film | Marvel StudiosStan LeeJack Kirby | Walt Disney Studios (The Walt Disney Company) Sony Pictures (Spider-Man films) |
| Wizarding World (Harry Potter) | 1997 | billion | Box office – $9.656 billion Book sales – $8.0777 billion Merchandise sales – $7.11 billion Home entertainment – $4.032 billion Video games – $3.5 billion TV revenue – $1 billion Studio tour – $975.3 million Stage play – $427 million | Novel | J. K. Rowling | J. K. Rowling (books) Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery) (films) |
| Hello Kitty | 1974 | billion | Merchandise sales – $33.5 billion Box office – $61,487 | Cartoon character | Yuko Shimizu Shintaro Tsuji | Sanrio |
| Call of Duty | 2003 | $31 billion | Video games – $31 billion | Video game | Infinity Ward | Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming) |
| Batman | 1939 | billion | Retail sales – $21.329 billion Home video – $1.212 billion Box office – $7.972 billion TV revenue – $340 million | Comic book | Bob Kane Bill Finger | DC Entertainment (Warner Bros. Discovery) |
| Spider-Man | 1962 | billion | Merchandise sales – $14.526 billion Box office – $11.125 billion Home video – $787 million Video games – $210 million Broadway musical – $212 million | Comic book | Stan Lee Steve Ditko | Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company) Sony Pictures (films) |
| Transformers | 1984 | $25 billion | Merchandise sales – $3.97 billion Box office – $5.260 billion Home entertainment – $906 million | Animated series | Shōji Kawamori Kazutaka Miyatake | Takara Tomy Hasbro |
| Dungeon Fighter Online (DFO) | 2005 | $22 billion | Computer game – $22 billion | Video game | Neople | Nexon Tencent |
| Cars | 2006 | billion | Merchandise sales – $19.114 billion Box office – $1.799 billion DVD & Blu-ray sales – $634 million | Animated film | PixarJohn Lasseter | Pixar(The Walt Disney Company) |
| Candy Crush | 2012 | $20 billion | Video games – $20 billion | Video game | King | Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming) |
| $10–19 billion | ||||||
| Looney Tunes | 1930 | billion | Retail sales – $16.777 billion Box office – $482 million Home video sales – $209 million | Animated cartoon | Hugh HarmanRudolf Ising | Warner Bros. (Warner Bros. Discovery) |
| Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles | 1984 | billion | Merchandise sales – $15.4 billion Box office – $1.329 billion Video games – $450 million DVD & Blu-ray sales – $154 million Video rentals – $67.65 million | Comic book | Kevin Eastman Peter Laird | Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance) |
| The Lion King | 1994 | billion | Musical theatre – $8.1 billion Merchandise sales – $3 billion Box office – $3.352 billion Home entertainment – $1.5 billion | Animated film | Roger Allers Rob Minkoff | The Walt Disney Company |
| Dora the Explorer | 2000 | billion | Retail sales – $15.413 billion Home video sales – $250 million Box office – $118 million | Animated series | Chris Gifford Valerie Walsh Eric Weiner | Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance) |
| Pac-Man | 1980 | billion | Video games – $14.407 billion Merchandise & licensing – $1 billion Music sales – $32 million | Video game | Toru Iwatani Namco | Bandai Namco Entertainment (Bandai Namco Holdings) |
| Toy Story | 1995 | billion | Retail sales – $11 billion Box office – $3.273 billion VHS sales – $290 million DVD & Blu-ray sales – $250 million | Animated film | PixarJohn Lasseter | The Walt Disney Company |
| Peanuts | 1950 | billion | Retail sales – $14.19 billion Box office – $267 million DVD & Blu-ray sales – $35 million | Comic strip | Charles M. Schulz | Sony Music Entertainment Japan (Sony) Peanuts Worldwide LLC (WildBrain) |
| Paw Patrol | 2013 | billion | Retail sales – $14 billion Box office – $373.7 million Home media – $39 million | Animated series | Keith Chapman | Spin Master |
| Avengers | 1963 | billion | Box office – $7.707 billion Merchandise sales – $6.596 billion DVD & Blu-ray sales – $18 million | Comic book | Stan Lee Jack Kirby | Marvel Entertainment (The Walt Disney Company) |
| Frozen | 2013 | billion | Merchandise sales – $10.588 billion Box office – $2.694 billion DVD & Blu-ray sales – $502 million Musical theatre – $155 million | Animated film | Chris Buck Jennifer Lee Hans Christian Andersen | The Walt Disney Company |
| Space Invaders | 1978 | billion | Video game – $13.93 billion | Video game | Tomohiro Nishikado | Taito (Square Enix) |
| SpongeBob SquarePants | 1999 | billion | Retail sales – $13 billion Box office – $457 million Musical Theater – $37 million | Animated series | Stephen Hillenburg | Nickelodeon (Paramount Skydance) |
| Warcraft | 1994 | billion | Video games – $12 billion Box office – $438 million Home entertainment – $17.4 million | Video game | Blizzard Entertainment | Activision Blizzard (Microsoft Gaming) |
| Despicable Me (Minions) | 2010 | billion | Retail sales – $6 billion Box office – $5.61 billion DVD & Blu-ray sales – $725 million | Animated film | Sergio Pablos | Illumination Universal Pictures (Comcast) |
| Star Trek | 1966 | billion | Retail sales – $5.253 billion TV revenue – $2.3 billion Box office – $2.266 billion VHS sales – $1 billion DVD & Blu-ray – $426 million | Television series | Gene Roddenberry | Paramount Skydance |
| Dragon Ball | 1984 | billion | Merchandise sales – $6 billion Box office - $317 million Home video - $29 million Video games – $4.4 billion | Manga | Akira Toriyama | Akira Toriyama (Bird Studio)Shueisha (Hitotsubashi Group) (manga) Toei Animation (anime) Fuji TV (anime)Bandai Namco |
| Street Fighter | 1987 | billion | Video Game – $10.61 billion Box office & home video – $211 million | Video game | Takashi Nishiyama Hiroshi Matsumoto | Capcom |
| Jurassic Park | 1990 | billion | Box office – $6.343 billion Merchandise sales – $3.2 billion Home video sales – $418 million TV revenue – $150 million | Novel | Michael Crichton | Alfred A. Knopf (novel) Universal Pictures (Comcast) Amblin (Reliance / Hasbro / Alibaba) (film) |
| Grand Theft Auto (GTA) | 1997 | $10 billion | Video games – $10 billion | Video game | DMA Design David Jones Mike Dailly | Rockstar Games (Take-Two Interactive) |
| Rilakkuma | 2003 | $10 billion | Merchandise sales – $10 billion | Manga | Aki Kondo | San-X |
| Monster Strike | 2013 | $10 billion | Mobile Game- $10 billion | Video game | Yoshiki Okamoto | Mixi |
| Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba | 2016 | $10 billion | Retail sales- $8.74 billion Box office – $1.26 billion Home media – $4.8 million | Manga | Koyoharu Gotōge | Koyoharu Gotōge and Shueisha (Hitotsubashi Group) (manga)ufotable (anime) Aniplex (anime) |
| $5–9 billion | ||||||
| James Bond | 1953 | billion | Box office – $7.879 billion Home entertainment – $373 million Merchandise sales – $1 billion Video games – $500 million | Novel | Ian Fleming | Danjaq Ian Fleming Publications (books) Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (Amazon MGM Studios) (films) |
| Angry Birds | 2009 | billion | Merchandise sales – $8.647 billion Box office – $503 million Video games – $362.5 million DVD & Blu-ray sales – $35 million | Video game | Jaakko Iisalo | Rovio Entertainment (Sega Sammy Holdings) |
| Thomas & Friends | 1945 | billion | Retail sales – $9.107 billion Box office – $19.7 million | Book | Wilbert Awdry Christopher Awdry | Egmont Group Mattel |
| Fortnite | 2017 | $9 billion | Video games – $9 billion | Video game | Epic Games | Epic Games Tencent |
| Mario | 1981 | billion | Video games – $7.33 billion Box office – $1.3 billion Home media – $21 million | Video game | Shigeru Miyamoto Nintendo R&D1 | Nintendo |
| Super Sentai / Power Rangers | 1975 (Super Sentai) 1993 (Power Rangers) | billion | Licensed merchandise – $8.47 billion DVD & Blu-ray – $18 million Box office – $182 million | Television series | Shotaro Ishinomori Haim Saban Shuki Levy | Toei Company (Super Sentai; Power Rangers co-ownership, trademark in Asia) Bandai Namco Holdings (Super Sentai merchandise) Hasbro (Power Rangers co-ownership, international trademark) |
References
- Pokémon franchise: The Pokémon Company no longer mentions how much the franchise has earned on their website, as of Mayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_media_franchises&action=edit
- Pokémon retail sales: Until 2005 – $25 billion 2006 – $1.3 billion 2007 – $1.4 billion 2008 – $1.4 billion 2009 – $1.4 b
- Pokémon Go – $8.8 billion Pokémon Duel, Pokémon Shuffle Mobile, Magikarp Jump – $48.6 million Pokémon Quest – $10 millio
- Pokémon home video sales: Detective Pikachu: DVD sales as of July 21, 2025[update] – $18.3 million Blu-ray as of July 21https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_media_franchises&action=edit
- Pokémon Jet aircraft sales in Japan as of 2004[update] – ¥300 million ($3 million)https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_media_franchises&action=edit
- Mickey Mouse & Friends retail sales: 2002 – $4.7 billion 2003 – $5.8 billion 2005 – $6 billion 2007 – $6 billion 2010 –
- Fantasia (1940) – $83 million DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp (1990) – $18.1 million A Goofy Movie (1995)
- 1991 VHS release of Fantasia earned $209 million in sales Others since 2001 – $114 million
- Clothing line only
- licensed-toy sales only
- United States and Canada
- Winnie the Pooh retail sales: 1986 – $100 million 1997 – $4 billion 1998 – $316 million 2002– $7 billion 2003 – $5.6 bil
- $6.6 billion franchise revenue up until May 1987.
- Up until 2006 – $12 billion Original trilogy – $5.8 billion Prequel trilogy – $6.2 billion The Phantom Menace – $2 billi
- Star Wars video games: Up until December 2015 – $3 billion Mobile (2013–2019) – $1 billion
- Star Wars television revenue: Clone Wars (as of 2015) – $4.5 million Television rights (2016) – $275 million
- The first film featuring a Disney Princess character, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, was released in 1937.
- 2000 – $200 million 2001 – $300 million 2002 – $1 billion 2003 – $1.3 billion 2004 – $2 billion 2005 – $3 billion 2006 –
- ¥150 billion+ annual sales for nearly 30 years - ¥3,750 billion+ ($38.42 billion+)
- ¥1.5 billion ($14.51 million).
- The Barbie brand began expansion to a media franchise in 1987 with two TV specials and video games, culminating with the
- 1987 – $430 million 1988 – $450 million 1989 – $600 million 1990 – $700 million 1991 – $840 million 1992 – $1 billion 19
- MCU films – $32.367 billion Inhumans (premiere) – $3.5 million
- Home media – $2.661 billion Black Widow (digital sales) – $125 million
- Books - $7.7 billion, 1997-2016 Ebooks and Audiobooks (Pottermore) $127.1 million (£95.1 million), 2016-2018 $40.3 mill
- Harry Potter merchandise: 2002 – $2.9 billion 2003 – $2.8 billion 2010 – $300 million 2011 – $100 million 2017–2018 – $
- $3.9 billion Harry Potter home entertainment revenue up until 2014. $71 million Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them
- Harry Potter video games: Up until 2014 – $1.5 billion Mobile games (2018 to October 2022) – $1 billion Hogwarts Legacy
- Palace Theater, London (presales), $32 million Broadway, New York (2018–2020), $174 million Broadway, New York (2021–pre
- United States and Canada
- 1986 – $477.8 million 1987 – $506 million 2000 – $1.2 billion 2002 – $1 billion 2003 – $4 billion 2005 – $500 million 20
- Call of Duty video game revenue: Up until 2022 – $30 billion Modern Warfare II (2022) – $1 billion
- Batman retail sales: As of 2012[update] – $16 billion Merchandise sales during 2013–2018 – $5.017 billion 2013 – $494 mihttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_media_franchises&action=edit
- $650 million VHS and DVD sales for Batman, Batman Returns, Batman Forever and Batman & Robin up until 2005. $562 million
- Batman television revenue: 1960s TV series – $300 million 1989 film – $40 million
- 2002 – $2.7 billion 2003 – $1.3 billion 2010 – $590 million 2011 – $325 million 2012 – $1.285 billion 2013 – $1.333 bill
- Box office gross of Spider-Man films: 2002–2023 films – $8.974 billion Sony's Spider-Man Universe – $2.15 billion
- Spider-Man home video revenue: 2002-2023 films - $665 million Sony's Marvel Universe - $121 million The Spectacular Spid
- Spider-Man video games: Spider-Man: The Movie (2002) – $100 million Spider-Man 2 (2004) – $110 million
- ¥2 trillion ($25 billion) Transformers franchise revenue up until 2011.
- Transformers merchandise sales: 1984–1992 – $1 billion US toy sales 2012 – $314 million 2013 – $304 million 2014 – $410
- $10 billion up until 2011. $2.527 billion in 2012. $2.3 billion in 2013. $2.025 billion in 2014. $1 billion in 2015. $58
- Cars series – $1.405 billion Planes series – $394 million
- Cars series – $513 million Planes series – $121 million
- Looney Tunes franchise retail sales: 1978 – $100 million 1993 – $1 billion 1994 – $2 billion 1995 – $2.5 billion 1996 –
- Bugs Bunny's 3rd Movie: 1001 Rabbit Tales (1992) – $78,350 1995 Bugs Bunny Film Festival (1995) – $19,587 Space Jam (199
- Up until 1994 – $6 billion 2003–2005 – $1 billion 2009–2012 – $475 million 2012–2022 – $8 billion
- $3 billion up until 1998.
- Up until 2014 – $13 billion 2015 – $933 million 2016 – $915 million 2017 – $565 million
- Home entertainment sales up until 2005
- Pac-Man video game revenue: Pac-Man – $12.81 billion Ms. Pac-Man – $1.5 billion Other games (US) – $97.3 million Pac-Man
- Buckner & Garcia's Pac-Man Fever album and "Pac-Man Fever" single – $32 million
- Toy Story 3 (2010) – $10 billion up until 2014. 2015 – $1 billion
- Peanuts retail sales: 1986 – $1 billion 1997 – $1.1 billion 2010 – $2 billion US sales in 2011 – $600 million 2012 – $1.
- 2013 - $325 million 2014 - $1 billion 2015 – $1.004 billion 2016 – $1.242 billion 2017 – $1.227 billion 2018 – $1.798 bi
- Avengers DVD and Blu-ray sales: Ultimate Avengers – The Movie (2006) – $6.7 million Ultimate Avengers 2: Rise of the Pan
- 2014 – $5 billion 2015 – $1.573 billion 2016 – $1.598 billion 2017 – $1.404 billion 2018 – $1.013 billion
- Arcade and software revenue up until 2016
- $13 billion up until 2018.
- Revenue up until 2016
- $7.8 billion franchise revenue up until December 1998.
- Up until 2000 - $4 billion 2010 – $150 million 2012-2013 – $275 million 2014 – $148 million 2015 – $149 million 2016 – $
- Up until 2011 - $5 billion 2022-2023 - ¥139 billion($1 billion)
- Dragon Ball Z: The Legacy of Goku (2002) - $35 million (United States) Dragon Ball Z: Taiketsu (2003) - $14 million (Uni
- Street Fighter box office and home video revenue: Street Fighter II: The Animated Movie (1994) $16 million Japan box off
- Jurassic Park merchandise: Up until 2001 – $2.5 billion 2017 – $353 million 2018 – $353 million
- $545 million up until 2004. $414 million since 2015.
- Grand Theft Auto: Grand Theft Auto III (2001) - $350 million Grand Theft Auto: Vice City (2002) - $300 million Grand The
- Monster Strike: Up until October 2018 – $7.2 billion November 2018 – $52 million+ December 2018 – $68 million+ 2019 – $9
- Up until 1997
- GoldenEye – $500 million
- 2011 - $600 million 2012 - $1.849 billion 2013 - $1.882 billion 2014 - $1.16 billion 2015 - $1.065 billion 2016 - $1.277
- Angry Birds 2 (2015) - $332.5 million. Angry Birds Evolution (2017) - $30 million.
- Up until 1997 - $1 billion 2000 - $260 million in North America 2010 - $1.2 billion 2011 - $390 million 2012 - $998 mill
- Mario video games: Up until 2002 – $7 billion Mario Golf: Toadstool Tour (2003) – $26 million(United States) Mario & Lui
- Mario franchise box office: Super Mario Bros. (1993) – $38.9 million The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023) – $1.360 billion
- Power Rangers licensed merchandise sales: Power Rangers licensed toy sales during 1993–1999 – $6 billion wholesale reven
- 1994 – $85 million
- X-Men video games: X-Men Legends – $28 million(United States)
- 2010 - $280 million 2012 – $277 million 2013 - $277 million 2014 - $305 million 2015 - $725 million 2016 - $812 million
- Main films - $693.2 million Zack Snyder's Justice League (2021) – $16.2 million
- Pirates of the Caribbean became a media franchise with the debut of the film series in 2003.
- $1.75 billion up until May 2017. $31 million DVD and Blu-ray sales since September 2017.
- Merchandise retail sales up until 2011.
- Up until 2013 – $6 billion 2014 – $681 million 2015 – $569 million 2016 – $603 million
- 2010 – $900 million 2011 – $515 million 2012 – $893 million 2013 – $923 million 2014 – $828 million 2015 – $792 million
- Muppets franchise box office: The Muppets film series – $456 million Sesame Street Presents: Follow That Bird (1985) – $
- Sales in Japan only
- Ultraman merchandise sales: Up until 1987 – $7.4 billion
- Ice Age: As of April 2016[update] – $6 billion Ice Age: Collision Course (June 2016) – $420 millionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_media_franchises&action=edit
- First two films grossed $1.6 billion. Later films grossed $322 million.
- Shrek video games: Shrek 2 (2004) – $38.9 million
- The Phantom of the Opera (1986) – $6 billion until 2017
- 1980s - $1 billion 2012 - $260 million 2013 - $650 million 2014 - $1 billion 2015 - $1.2 billion 2016 - $456 million 201
- My Little Pony box office gross: My Little Pony: The Movie (1986) – $6 million My Little Pony: Equestria Girls (2013) –
- Avatar Franchise Box Office: Avatar (2009) – $2.9 billion Avatar: The Way of Water (2022) – $2.3 billion
- 1984 - $1 billion 1999 – $800 million 2002 – $750 million 2004 – $1 billion 2015 – $496 million 2016 – $501 million 2017
- Yu-Gi-Oh licensed merchandise sales: Up until January 2012 – $5 billion
- $284 million, collecting data from 2016, 2018, 2019, and the first half of 2021
- Yu-Gi-Oh video games: Yu-Gi-Oh! The Eternal Duelist Soul (GBA) – $38 million (United States) Yu-Gi-Oh! The Sacred Cards
- Yu-Gi-Oh Box Office: Yu-Gi-Oh! The Movie: Pyramid of Light (2004) – $29.2 million Yu-Gi-Oh! Bonds Beyond Time (2010) –
- Mortal Kombat franchise: Up until 2000 – $5 billion Mortal Kombat: Deadly Alliance (2002) video game – $54 million Morta
- Mortal Kombat video games: Up until 1995 – $4 billion Mortal Kombat: Deadly Alliance (2002) – $54 million
- Gundam retail sales: Merchandise sales during 1979–1999 – $5 billion
- 1990 – $750 million 1993 – $250 million 2008 – $750 million During 2012–2013 – $725 million 2014 – $390 million 2015 – $
- The Simpsons video games: The Simpsons: Road Rage (2001) – $41 million The Simpsons: Tapped Out (2012) – $100 million
- $4730800000(€4 billion) franchise revenue from 2014 to 2024
- Assassin's Creed video games: Assassin's Creed Valhalla – $1 billion
- $4 billion franchise revenue up until 2011
- Mission: Impossible video games: Mission: Impossible 1998 – $24 million
- Mission: Impossible television revenue: Mission: Impossible III – $100 million
- Sales up until 2015
- Beyblade: Fierce Battle (2002) – $3.5 million Metal Fight Beyblade vs the Sun: Sol Blaze, the Scorching Hot Invader (201
- $1.74 billion in 2015. $1.83 billion in 2016.
- $1 million as of 2012[update]. 2013 – $300 million 2014 – $407 million 2015 – $549 million 2016 – $700 million 2017 – $6https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_highest-grossing_media_franchises&action=edit
- $4 billion franchise revenue up until 2008
- Films $98.1 million The Smurfs: The Legend of Smurfy Hollow – $1.3 million
- as a media franchise
- up until 1994 – $2.6 billion 2001 – $80 million 2009 – $125 million 2010 – $300 million
- Started as an unpublished children's book in 1985.
- Lilo & Stitch theatrical films' box office: Lilo & Stitch (2002): $273.1 million Lilo & Stitch (2025): $1.001 billion
- Beauty and the Beast (1991) - $425 million Beauty and the Beast (2017) - $1.264 billion
- up until 2015
- Beauty and the Beast DVD and Blu-ray sales: Animated films – $343.6 million Beauty and the Beast (2017) – $89 million
- 2013 – $500 million 2014 – $495 million 2015 – $471 million 2016 – $392 million
- Apex Legends – $3.4 billion
- 2002 – $650 million 2004 – $2.5 billion
- Main series – $2.981 billion Other – $243 million
- Care Bears retail sales: 1980s – $2 billion 2002 – $70 million 2003 – $350 million 2005 – $600 million
- Care Bears films at box office: The Care Bears Movie – $34 million
- Adventures in Ham-Ham Land (2001) – $25 million
- $3 billion franchise revenue up until 2010.
- The Elder Scrolls video game revenue: The Elder Scrolls: Arena (1994) – $6.16 million 1994 – $4.6 million 1995 – $1.23 m
- Retail sales up until 2010.
- Winx Club franchise box office: Winx Club: The Secret of the Lost Kingdom (2007) – $18 million Winx Club 3D: Magical Adv
- Retail sales up until 2014.
- More than $1 billion in the 1990s.
- 2017 - $185 million 2018 - $185 million
- Kumamon retail sales: 2011–2012 – $1.2 billion 2016 – $1.16 billion
- Aladdin Franchise Box Office: Aladdin (1992) – $504 million Aladdin (2019) – $1.050 billion
- $2 billion franchise revenue up until 1992
- The Matrix video games: Enter the Matrix– (2003) $250 million
- as of 2019
- Franchise revenue up until 2006
- Neon Genesis Evangelion: Death & Rebirth (1997) – $15 million (¥1.87 billion) End of Evangelion (1997) – $21 million (¥2
- "4Kids Entertainment Retail Report"https://web.archive.org/web/20010613015837/http://www.virtryx.com:80/pdf/Retail_Letter.pdf
- pokemon.co.jphttps://web.archive.org/web/20171122142832/http://www.pokemon.co.jp/corporate/en/data/
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20160908054329/http://www.businesswire.com:80/news/home/20051223005061/en/Pokemon-USA-Moves-Licensing-In-House-2006-4Kids
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170315085801/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/pocketing-profits
- Anime News Networkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20080224115341/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/press-release/2006-02-13/pokemon-kicks-off-10th-anniversary-worldwide
- licensemag.com (archived)https://web.archive.org/web/20110711141010/http://www.licensemag.com/licensemag/data/articlestandard//licensemag/142007/416989/article.pdf
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140309171049/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-100-licensors
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20150608025922/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-100-global-licensors
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20141120231447/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-125-global-licensors
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160308081906/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-125
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20130404033930/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-125-global-licensors-0
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20130610070818/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-150-global-licensors
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20140519034903/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-150-global-licensors-0
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160827021911/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-150-global-licensors-1
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160512084855/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-150-global-licensors-2
- licensemag.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170414082257/http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/top-150-global-licensors-3
- licensing.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20201001221321/https://www.licensing.biz/la-compagnie-des-petits-gets-new-pokemon-clothing-collection-for-kids/
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210613084512/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/disney-repeats-as-top-global-licensor-547b-retail-sales-1229916/
- Anime News Networkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20200823091743/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-08-21/sanrio-pokemon-company-toei-more-listed-as-top-150-global-licensors-of-2020/.163167
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20210624101406/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210624005291/en/License-Global-Announces-the-Top-Global-Licensors-Featuring-75-Brands-that-Prevailed-During-a-Year-of-Chaos/
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220707162820/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/disneys-56-2b-in-retail-sales-leads-global-brand-licensing-race-1235176561/
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230727142231/https://www.licenseglobal.com/reports/top-global-licensors-report-cites-273-4-billion-in-sales-for-world-s-top-brands
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240726230943/https://www.licenseglobal.com/rankings-lists/top-150-leading-licensors
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20250803145829/https://www.licenseglobal.com/rankings-lists/top-150-leading-licensors
- Pocket Gamerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20250708185512/https://www.pocketgamer.biz/pokmon-go-celebrates-ninth-anniversary-and-88bn-in-gross-player-spending/
- Sensor Towerhttps://sensortower.com/blog/pokemon-quest-10-million-downloads
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20200908021106/https://sensortower.com/blog/pokemon-masters-revenue-75-million
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Pokemon#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://thenumbers.com/movie/Pokemon-Detective-Pikachu-(2019)#tab=summary
- Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RETI)https://web.archive.org/web/20051018180817/https://www.rieti.go.jp/en/events/bbl/04070101.pdf
- Anime News Networkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20071012115147/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2003-11-07/anime-characters-in-top-earning-fictional-characters
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/2004/10/19/cz_04fiction_toptenslide.html?sh=664c4874ebe3
- COMPELOhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180920195449/https://www.compelo.com/aa-milne-net-worth/
- Cult Pop Culture: How the Fringe Became Mainstreamhttps://books.google.com/books?id=jqd92sX1hAoC&pg=RA2-PA103
- Los Angeles Business Journalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240802164728/https://labusinessjournal.com/news/regional-reports-37/
- Forbeshttps://archive.today/4zPwR/
- The Licensing Letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180929194551/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/44+entertainment/character+properties+reach+%24100+m+in+sales+of...-a0438689353
- The Licensing Letterhttps://www.thelicensingletter.com/42-entertainment-character-properties-reach-100-million-in-sales-of-licensed-merchandise-frozen-debuts-at-no-6/
- The Licensing Letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180202013647/http://www.thelicensingletter.com/100mil-chart/
- The Licensing Letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190509194639/http://www.thelicensingletter.com/100mil-chart/
- The Licensing Letterhttps://archive.org/details/retail-sales-of-licensed-merchandise-based-on-100-mm-entertainment-character-pro/mode/2up
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Fantasia#tab=summary
- "Duck Tales: The Movie (1990)"https://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=ducktalesthemovie.htm
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0113198/?ref_=bo_se_r_1
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3830482433/weekend/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt3513500/
- DVD, Blu-ray and Beyond: Navigating Formats and Platforms within Media Consumptionhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230815173536/https://books.google.lv/books?id=q-M8DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA22&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Mickey-Mouse#tab=video
- Orlando Sentinelhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230821151359/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-orlando-sentinel/130392004/
- The Economisthttps://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA20646490&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-GPS&asid=a7b0ed73
- The Orange County Registerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20131105214539/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-53508555.html
- "PROMOTIONS & INCENTIVES LICENSING PORTFOLIO 2003: Licensing – An overview"https://web.archive.org/web/20190521192151/https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/promotions-incentives-licensing-portfolio-2003-licensing-overview/191642
- Kidscreenhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180923010016/http://kidscreen.com/2007/04/01/baby-20070401/
- The Licensing Letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20111031010535/http://www.epmcom.com/public/The_100_Million_EntertainmentCharacter_Licensed_Properties_Revealed.cfm
- The Licensing Letterhttps://www.thefreelibrary.com/42+entertainment+character+properties+reach+%24100+million+in+sales+of...-a0439804356
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Winnie-the-Pooh#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Winnie-the-Pooh#tab=summary
- Encyclopædia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Winnie-the-Pooh-childrens-stories-by-Milne
- The Montana Standardhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221127032038/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/107448487/the-montana-standard/
- Lansing State Journalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240707103149/https://www.newspapers.com/article/lansing-state-journal/150826082/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20210125010430/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-may-12-fi-merchandise12-story.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Star-Wars#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Star-Wars#tab=video
- Fortunehttps://archive.today/20160121191016/http://fortune.com/2015/12/24/star-wars-value-worth/
- Pocket Gamerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20191224155717/https://www.pocketgamer.biz/news/72229/star-wars-mobile-games-1-billion-lifetime-revenue/
- The Wall Street Journalhttps://archive.today/20230801154638/https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/coming-soon-to-tnt-the-star-wars-films-1473861602
- St. Cloud Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230407113911/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122432640/st-cloud-times/
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/sites/dorothypomerantz/2010/11/22/disney-getting-out-of-the-princess-business/
- Buy, Buy Baby: How Consumer Culture Manipulates Parents and Harms Young Mindshttps://books.google.com/books?id=oh6fKUalrLwC&q=disney+princess+billion+2002&pg=PA137
- The Atlanta Constitutionhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230407113909/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122432417/the-atlanta-constitution/
- Race and Early Childhood Education: An International Approach to Identityhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230815170740/https://books.google.lv/books?id=XbrFAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA73&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
- Chicago Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230407120012/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122432682/chicago-tribune/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230801150928/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-mar-11-fi-disney11-story.html
- The Tampa Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230407113912/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122432769/the-tampa-tribune/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20201026144212/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2008-aug-04-fi-fairies4-story.html
- Iowa City Press-Citizenhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230801151753/https://www.newspapers.com/article/122432448/iowa-city-press-citizen/
- Salonhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120517201631/http://www.salon.com/2010/03/10/disney_princess/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20190831130718/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-mar-09-la-fi-ct-disney9-2010mar09-story.html
- The Licensing Letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180929233318/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/%24100+million+club%3a+TLL+ranks+leading+entertainment/+character...-a0267332982
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Disney-Princess-Enchanted-Tales-Follow-Your-Dreams#tab=summary
- Yahoo! Japanhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220407050414/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/aac04e674c52706ce573a7dd520c85ccf6532379
- Investor Relationshttps://web.archive.org/web/20180908131100/http://www.ntvhd.co.jp/english/ir/info/pdf/irinformation018.pdf
- The Billings Gazettehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230405171620/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122323003/the-billings-gazette/
- Evansville Courier & Presshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620111809/https://www.newspapers.com/article/evansville-courier-and-press/126780118/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20210512125848/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-12-10-fi-4639-story.html
- The Star Democrathttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620111807/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-star-democrat/126780152/
- Fort Worth Star-Telegramhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620111808/https://www.newspapers.com/article/fort-worth-star-telegram/126780169/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230801163332/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-01-13-vw-1334-story.html
- The Beaufort Gazettehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620110304/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-beaufort-gazette/126780512/
- The Sydney Morning Heraldhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620100134/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-sydney-morning-herald/126779799/
- The Modesto Beehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620111812/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-modesto-bee/126780187/
- shareholder.com/mattelhttps://web.archive.org/web/20060108224014/http://www.shareholder.com/mattel/news/19980731-54272.cfm
- Corpus Christi Caller-Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620111806/https://www.newspapers.com/article/corpus-christi-caller-times/126780204/
- The Journal Gazettehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620110308/https://www.newspapers.com/article/journal-gazette/126780218/
- South Florida Sun Sentinelhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620110306/https://www.newspapers.com/article/south-florida-sun-sentinel/126780248/
- Northwest Heraldhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230620110304/https://www.newspapers.com/article/northwest-herald/126780270/
- Fortunehttps://money.cnn.com/2009/07/09/news/companies/mattel_barbie_makeover.fortune/index.htm
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20180822214019/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20040212005225/en/Mattels-2004-Line-Showcases-Strength-Barbie-Fisher-Price
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230710125205/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-aug-01-fi-bratz1-story.html
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20191011185311/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-jul-03-fi-sonic3-story.html
- Star Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230405164152/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122320204/star-tribune/
- Mattelhttps://s201.q4cdn.com/696436908/files/doc_financials/2014/ar/Mattel_-_Bookmarked_2014_Annual_Report_Final_.pdf
- barbiemedia.com(official website)https://web.archive.org/web/20160208113119/http://www.barbiemedia.com/about-barbie/fast-facts.html
- ABS-CBN Newshttps://www.abs-cbn.com/business/05/22/17/star-wars-overtakes-barbie-with-5-b-us-toy-sales
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Barbie#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Barbie
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Marvel-Cinematic-Universe
- Deadline Hollywoodhttps://deadline.com/2017/10/imax-marvel-inhumans-experiment-1202196112/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Marvel-Cinematic-Universe#tab=video
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210821134921/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/disney-makes-first-move-in-scarlett-johanssons-black-widow-suit-1235001093/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Harry-Potter#tab=summary
- The New York Timeshttps://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/24/business/in-the-chamber-of-secrets-jk-rowlings-net-worth.html
- The Booksellerhttps://www.thebookseller.com/news/revenue-drop-pottermore-line-expectations-923791
- The Booksellerhttps://www.thebookseller.com/news/pottermore-records-315m-sales-1147261
- The Booksellerhttps://www.thebookseller.com/news/pottermore-profits-drop-by-40-as-lockdown-sales-bounce-unwinds
- The Booksellerhttps://www.thebookseller.com/news/pottermore-sees-boost-in-revenues-as-pre-tax-profits-rise-to-94m
- The Licensing Letterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180930115929/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/37+entertainment/character+properties+surpass+%24100m+each+in+licensed...-a0303450327
- The Licensing Letterhttps://www.thelicensingletter.com/100mil-chart/
- Entertainment Industry Economics: A Guide for Financial Analysishttps://web.archive.org/web/20230818085024/https://books.google.lv/books?id=-JmiBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA184&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Fantastic-Beasts-and-Where-to-Find-Them
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Fantastic-Beasts-The-Crimes-of-Grindelwald-(2018)
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Fantastic-Beasts-The-Secrets-of-Dumbledore-(2021)
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221007163949/https://sensortower.com/blog/harry-potter-mobile-games-1-billion-revenue
- Video Games Chroniclehttps://www.videogameschronicle.com/news/hogwarts-legacy-has-topped-15-million-sales-and-grossed-over-1-billion/
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/sites/carolinereid/2023/01/28/warners-uk-studios-report-record-revenue/
- "'Harry Potter' play could reach Broadway next season"https://nypost.com/2016/07/22/new-harry-potter-play-is-londons-hamilton/
- Broadway Worldhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/grossesshow.cfm?show=HARRY-POTTER-AND-THE-CURSED-CHILDPARTS-ONE-AND-TWO&year=2019&allall=on
- www.broadwayworld.comhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/grosses/HARRY-POTTER-AND-THE-CURSED-CHILD
- BroadwayWorld.comhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/article/HARRY-POTTER-AND-THE-CURSED-CHILD-Sets-Records-in-Both-New-York-and-San-Francisco-20191230
- The San Francisco Examinerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230728074831/https://www.newspapers.com/article/119813312/the-san-francisco-examiner/
- New York Daily Newshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230929110612/https://www.nydailynews.com/2001/02/22/the-meow-mix-here-kitty-kitty-a-cute-cartoon-kitten-that-grew-up-to-become-a-global-craze-has-landed-in-times-square/
- Star Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20221206104107/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114187622/star-tribune/
- "Hello Kitty Goes High Fashion"https://web.archive.org/web/20030908041053/http://www.nwaonline.com:80/pdfarchive/2003/march/23/3-23-03%20E6.pdf
- Knight Ridderhttps://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA123652233&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-GPS&asid=1685c118
- Women's Wear Dailyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220529053507/https://wwd.com/fashion-news/fashion-features/critical-mass-hello-kitty-creates-mini-shops-for-midtier-retailers-548133/
- CNNhttps://web.archive.org/web/20141102040925/https://edition.cnn.com/2014/11/01/us/hello-kitty-convention-40th-year/index.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Hello-Kitty-(2019)
- Encyclopædia Britannicahttps://www.britannica.com/topic/Hello-Kitty
- The Washington Posthttps://web.archive.org/web/20220608175049/https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2022/06/08/call-duty-future-modern-warfare-2-warzone-2/
- GameSpothttps://web.archive.org/web/20221107142405/https://www.gamespot.com/articles/call-of-duty-modern-warfare-2-hits-1-billion-in-revenue-in-10-days-faster-than-any-past-cod-title/1100-6508942/
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120204053814/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com:80/news/viacoms-nickelodeon-put-spotlight-new-286540
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20141116023001/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/superhero-earns-13-billion-a-748281
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Batman#tab=video
- BATMAN: The Motion Picture Anthology 1989–1997https://web.archive.org/web/20170328021136/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050801005252/en/Powerful-Fearless-Dedicated-Daring...BATMAN-Motion-Picture-Anthology
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Batman#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Batman#tab=summary
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20221127075628/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/113706386/the-los-angeles-times/
- Epics, Spectacles, and Blockbusters: A Hollywood Historyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230815171544/https://books.google.lv/books?id=Ro0hASPfC68C&pg=PA305&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/2004/10/19/cz_04fiction_toptenslide.html?sh=2bc049284ebe
- The Executive's Almanac: A Diverse Portfolio of Eclectic Business Triviahttps://books.google.com/books?id=SgIq79u_QpMC&pg=PA136
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Spider-Man#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Spider-Man#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Sonys-Marvel-Universe#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/tv-show/Spectacular-Spider-Man-The#tab=summary
- Fort Worth Star-Telegramhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240523005717/https://www.newspapers.com/article/fort-worth-star-telegram/147897605/
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/2006/03/21/best_selling_games_slide/
- Broadway Worldhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/grosses/SPIDER-MAN-TURN-OFF-THE-DARK
- Asahi Shimbunhttps://web.archive.org/web/20120402201834/http://digital.asahi.com/articles/TKY201111020783.html
- Wiredhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160113110515/https://www.wired.com/2007/06/trans-toy/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Transformers#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Transformers#tab=video
- Nexon Investor Relationhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230811160211/https://pdf.irpocket.com/C3659/dUAy/FXmk/y5Ti.pdf
- BBChttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-14209968
- "Licensing: Billion Dollar Character Franchises"https://web.archive.org/web/20161124193515/https://www.euromonitor.com/licensing-billion-dollar-character-franchises/report
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Cars#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Planes#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Cars#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Planes#tab=video
- Gameindustry.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230927183216/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/kings-candy-crush-saga-hits-20bn-in-lifetime-revenue
- Star Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20221130200840/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/113872337/star-tribune/
- Newsdayhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230720105908/https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-suffolk-edition/128548118/
- Newsdayhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221130200844/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/113872360/newsday-nassau-edition/
- Women's Wear Dailyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240722162551/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA20005674&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-GPS&asid=28e99346
- Chicago Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20180920130728/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2009-09-10-0909070267-story.html
- "Bugs Bunny's 3rd Movie: 1001 Rabbit Tales (1982)"https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2655618561/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=1995bugsbunnyfilmfestival.htm
- The Numbershttps://m.the-numbers.com/movie/Space-Jam#tab=summary
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2672395777/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3043067393/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tttt3554046/
- Deseret Newshttps://web.archive.org/web/20191209153548/https://www.deseret.com/1998/6/2/19383563/jordan-s-career-spurred-10-billion-impact-on-economy-fortune-says
- The New York Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20170203003117/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/22/style/gold-in-bedrock.html?pagewanted=all
- 4kidsentertainment.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20060614225401/http://www.4kidsentertainment.com:80/docs/news/2005-1103.pdf
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20131018195422/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/london-expo-nickelodeon-touts-475-649396
- Deadlinehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230814205319/https://deadline.com/2023/08/teenage-mutant-ninja-turtles-retail-sales-1235519233/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Teenage-Mutant-Ninja-Turtles
- "They're Back!! Playmates Toys Launches All-New Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Toys"https://web.archive.org/web/20170215124944/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/theyre-back-playmates-toys-launches-all-new-teenage-mutant-ninja-turtles-toys-76318872.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Teenage-Mutant-Ninja-Turtles#tab=video
- Forbeshttps://archive.today/20240128071822/https://www.forbes.com/sites/leeseymour/2017/12/18/the-lion-king-is-making-more-money-for-disney-than-star-wars/?sh=211f44671ff0
- The Sydney Morning Heraldhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221129112043/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/113819627/the-sydney-morning-herald/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Lion-King-The#tab=summary
- Varietyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20130510132150/https://variety.com/2006/legit/news/movies-aren-t-the-only-b-o-monsters-1117935611/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20140818210122/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/tv/la-et-st-aging-dora-20140818-story.html
- The Licensing Letterhttps://www.thelicensingletter.com/top-20-preschool-properties-in-the-12-8-billion-industry/
- Buy, Buy Baby: How Consumer Culture Manipulates Parents and Harms Young Mindshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230815155459/https://books.google.lv/books?id=oh6fKUalrLwC&q=dora+the+explorer+%24250+million&pg=PA121&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=dora%20the%20explorer%20%24250%20million&f=false
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt7547410/?ref_=bo_se_r_3
- Game Revolutionhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170605213422/http://www.gamerevolution.com/features/13510-world-of-warcraft-leads-industry-with-nearly-10-billion-in-revenue
- Digital Presshttps://archive.org/details/Digital_Press_Issue_24_1995-03_Santulli_Joe_US/page/n18
- Atari Gameshttps://web.archive.org/web/20130120084806/http://www.atarigames.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=47%3Aatari-production-numbers-memo&catid=5%3Aatari-inter-office-memos&Itemid=5
- Mysthttps://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-03-03-fi-34360-story.html
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- Next Generationhttps://web.archive.org/web/20071028115051/http://www.next-gen.biz/index2.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3537&Itemid=2&pop=1&page=1
- Popular Computinghttps://archive.org/details/sim_popular-computing_1982-12_2_2/page/n83/mode/2up
- The Industryhttps://archive.org/details/entrepreneurship0000kaoj/page/44/mode/2up
- The Akron Beacon-Journalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221126115015/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/113655363/the-akron-beacon-journal/
- Reutershttps://web.archive.org/web/20221127034936/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-walt-disney-toystory-idUSKBN0IQ2MU20141106
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Toy-Story#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Toy-Story#tab=video
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20210421023750/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-29-fi-25598-story.html
- Chicago Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230401160049/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/122070341/chicago-tribune/
- Sun Sentinelhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230731150432/https://www.sun-sentinel.com/1999/03/25/marketing-world-ready-as-peanuts-turns-50/
- DHX Mediahttps://web.archive.org/web/20200708194956/https://www.wildbrain.com/newsreleases/dhx-media-closes-acquisition-peanuts-strawberry-shortcake/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Peanuts-Movie-The
- Varietyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20231001162202/https://variety.com/2023/film/news/box-office-paw-patrol-wins-weekend-dumb-money-flops-1235741654/
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Paw-Patrol#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Avengers
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Ultimate-Avengers-2-Rise-of-the-Panther
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Next-Avengers-Heroes-of-Tomorrow-The
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Frozen#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Frozen#tab=video
- Broadway Worldhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/grossesshow.cfm?show=FROZEN&year=2018
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220528040828/https://www.licenseglobal.com/character/spongebob-squarepants-turns-15
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- Playbillhttps://playbill.com/production/spongebobopening
- The New York Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20160915093511/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/12/technology/a-new-phase-for-world-of-warcrafts-lead-designer-his-own-start-up.html
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- Minions: The Rise Of Gruhttps://deadline.com/2022/07/minions-rise-of-gru-box-office-1235055270/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Despicable-Me
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- Los Angeles Timeshttps://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1998-dec-11-fi-52785-story.html
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- C&L Internet Clubhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180613134039/http://www.thecnl.com/FunimationJan2012Catalog.pdf
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- TweakTownhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230306200906/https://www.tweaktown.com/news/90611/new-dragon-ball-budokai-tenkaichi-revealed-dbz-expected-to-hit-1bn-this-year/index.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Dragon-Ball#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Dragon-Ball#tab=video
- Next Generationhttps://web.archive.org/web/20071010052300/http://www.next-gen.biz/index2.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3557&Itemid=2&pop=1&page=0
- data.aihttps://web.archive.org/web/20240417154944/https://www.data.ai/en/insights/mobile-gaming/february-2024-mobile-gaming/
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20191003200018/https://sensortower.com/blog/dragon-ball-legends-revenue-100-million
- Billboardhttps://books.google.com/books?id=nQ0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA80
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl1551009281/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=streetfighter09.htm
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Street-Fighter-The-Legend-of-Chun-Li
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Jurassic-Park
- PR Newswirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20241125162915/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA80928433&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-GPS&asid=961b67c8
- The Disneyization of Societyhttps://books.google.com/books?id=9diHCUZoNjcC&pg=PT98
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230630095314/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-los-angeles-times/127349229/
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230630100638/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1997-05-30-fi-63882-story.html
- Edmonton Journalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20211109185056/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/88629304/edmonton-journal/
- The Boston Globehttps://web.archive.org/web/20220305205700/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/96988901/the-boston-globe/
- The New York Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20110512055157/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/07/technology/07game.html
- Barron'shttps://www.barrons.com/news/grand-theft-auto-built-for-the-long-haul-68eff4de
- mobilegamer.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20231204135227/https://mobilegamer.biz/rockstar-has-earned-way-over-100m-from-gta-on-mobile/
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20200324093858/https://www.licenseglobal.com/home/blanc-cerise-inks-deal-rilakkuma
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20181025110234/https://sensortower.com/blog/monster-strike-revenue
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190421044315/https://sensortower.com/blog/top-mobile-games-november-2018
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210204200841/https://sensortower.com/blog/top-mobile-games-december-2018
- Pocket Gamerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20201216115835/https://www.pocketgamer.biz/asia/news/75317/five-mobile-games-have-made-more-than-a-billion-dollars-in-2020/
- The State of Mobile Game Monetization 2022 — An Analysis of the Latest Mobile Game Monetization Strategieshttps://web.archive.org/web/20220303190905/https://go.sensortower.com/rs/351-RWH-315/images/st-state-of-mobile-game-monetization-2022.pdf
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221102231438/https://sensortower.com/ja/blog/monster-strike-10b-dollars-revenue
- Crunchyrollhttps://www.crunchyroll.com/anime-news/2021/10/15-1/toyo-keizai-demon-slayer-kimetsu-no-yaibas-2020-economic-impact-was-1-trillion-yen
- Tokyo Keizaihttps://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/461664
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Demon-Slayer#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Demon-Slayer#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/James-Bond
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/James-Bond#tab=video
- The Morning Callhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240624165210/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-morning-call/149971502/
- Newsdayhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220114032153/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/92542306/newsday-suffolk-edition/
- Publishers Weeklyhttps://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA313345024&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-GPS&asid=b138a712
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Angry-Birds-Movie-The
- GamesIndustry.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221016201330/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/how-angry-birds-broke-the-limits-for-mobile-games
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20190623135142/https://sensortower.com/blog/angry-birds-evolution-revenue-30-million
- The Olympianhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230908095732/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-olympian/131432955/
- The Orlando Sentinelhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230908111935/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-orlando-sentinel/131433539/
- "Thomas and the Magic Railroad (2000)"https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=thomasandthemagicrailroad.htm
- The Vergehttps://web.archive.org/web/20210503180540/https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/3/22417447/fortnite-revenue-9-billion-epic-games-apple-antitrust-case
- Star Phoenixhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230217103344/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/118831258/star-phoenix/
- The Wall Street Journalhttps://archive.today/20230904145606/https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/SB1034543200500992676
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20021020215227/http://biz.yahoo.com/bw/020826/260010_1.html
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210421103234/https://sensortower.com/blog/mario-kart-tour-200-million-downloads
- GamesIndustry.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220910172003/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/nintendo-mobile-games-have-brought-in-usd1b-in-lifetime-revenue
- Variety
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt6718170/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Super-Mario-Bros-Movie-The-(2022)#tab=summary
- Forbeshttps://archive.today/20140908224619/http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2001/1126/066.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Power-Rangers#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Power-Rangers#tab=summary
- Varietyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210125025122/https://variety.com/2006/biz/markets-festivals/licensing-impact-players-1200337476/
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20060517001808/http://www.licensemag.com/licensemag/data/articlestandard/licensemag/172006/321855/article.pdf
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Peter-Jacksons-Lord-of-the-Rings
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Peter-Jacksons-Lord-of-the-Rings#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/X-Men
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/X-Men#tab=summary
- The Roanoke Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20230905084256/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-roanoke-times/129258625/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Superman#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/DC-Extended-Universe#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/DC-Extended-Universe#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Zack-Snyders-Justice-League-(2021)#tab=summary
- Bloomberghttps://archive.today/20200103025451/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-06-05/wonder-woman-s-secret-power-bridging-the-boy-girl-toy-gap
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Fast-and-the-Furious
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Fast-and-the-Furious#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Pirates-of-the-Caribbean#tab=summary
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/sites/markhughes/2017/05/25/review-pirates-of-the-caribbean-comes-close-to-what-you-want/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Pirates-of-the-Caribbean#tab=video
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20151118231349/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/disney-pirates-caribbean-merchandise-16b-95393
- Animation World Networkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180814233044/https://www.awn.com/news/ben-10-omniverse-aliens-war-dvd-announced
- The Licensing Letterhttps://www.thelicensingletter.com/100mil-chart/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Muppets
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl122848769/weekend/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=beingelmo.htm
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=elmoingrouchland.htm
- The New York Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20150529181549/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/12/business/media/sesame-street-goes-global-lets-all-count-the-revenue.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Muppets#tab=video
- 4kidsentertainment.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20030408132444/http://www.4kidsentertainment.com:80/docs/Retail_Letter.pdf
- 4Kids Entertainmenthttps://web.archive.org/web/20050228095359/http://www.4kidsentertainment.com/properties/ultraman.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Ultraman#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Ultraman#tab=video
- Fortunehttp://fortune.com/2014/07/09/sonic-the-hedgehog-sega/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Sonic-The-Hedgehog#tab=summary
- ShoPro Entertainmenthttps://web.archive.org/web/20031118190512/http://www.shopro-entertainment.com:80/press/sonic.html
- BNN Bloomberghttps://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/business/company-news/2024/12/22/sonic-the-hedgehog-tops-lion-king-in-test-of-film-franchises/
- The New York Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20211229224054/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/29/sports/football/john-madden-nfl-video-game.html
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230909204530/https://sensortower.com/ja/blog/fgo-8th-anniversary
- The Vergehttps://web.archive.org/web/20151104164412/https://www.theverge.com/2015/11/4/9668876/halo-franchise-5-billion-guardians-launch-sales
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240920202258/https://www.licenseglobal.com/video-games/xbox-gaming-evolved
- Furniture Todayhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160428005117/http://www.furnituretoday.com/article/530876-ashley-ikidz-retailers-get-promotion-latest-ice-age-movie
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Ice-Age-Collision-Course#tab=video-sales
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Ice-Age#tab=summary
- licensingrussia.ruhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170323053841/http://licensingrussia.ru/media/presentations/37e3bd07-1502-4c27-89cd-3ff3144fd487.pdf
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Ice-Age#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Shrek
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20170103165757/http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20050103005538/en/DreamWorks-Shrek-Franchise-Delivers-Record-Setting-1.6-Billion
- broadwayworld.comhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/grosses/SHREK-THE-MUSICAL
- Wickedhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170711160918/https://variety.com/2017/legit/news/wicked-broadway-sales-beat-phantom-1202491570/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=phantomoftheopera.htm
- License Globalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20030205110726/http://www.licensemag.com:80/licensemag/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=43030
- "Kristin Chenoweth lending her Golden Pipes to 'My Little Pony' movie"https://web.archive.org/web/20170304184650/http://screenertv.com/movies/my-little-pony-movie-release-date-kristin-chenoweth/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=mylittlepony.htm
- boxofficemojo.comhttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/intl/?page=&country=PE&wk=2013W40&id=_fMYLITTLEPONYEQUE01
- boxofficemojo.comhttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/intl/?page=&country=UK&id=_fMYLITTLEPONYEQUE02
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- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=mylittlepony2017.htm
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/My-Little-Pony#tab=video
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0499549/?ref_=bo_se_r_1
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt1630029/?ref_=bo_se_r_2
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Avatar#tab=video
- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20211107190117/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/avatar-merchandise-strategy-going-long-24444/
- The Winnipeg Sunhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230326152144/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/121674178/the-winnipeg-sun/
- Tampa Bay Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20250122134245/https://www.tampabay.com/archive/2000/06/27/suddenly-scooby-doo-is-everywhere/
- The Wall Street Journalhttps://archive.today/20230306211222/https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/SB961109708963115201
- Video Businesshttps://web.archive.org/web/20241104120902/https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=GPS&u=wikipedia&id=GALE%7CA107255046&v=2.1&it=r&sid=bookmark-GPS&asid=9cf51de5
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20171222052430/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20041208005286/en/Aloha-Scooby-Doo!-Latest-Original-Full-Length-Movie-Warner
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Scooby-Doo
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Scooby-Doo#tab=video
- 4Kids Entertainmenthttps://web.archive.org/web/20120114025312/http://www.4kidsentertainment.com/property/yu-gi-oh/
- Sensor Towerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210721183129/https://sensortower.com/blog/state-of-card-battler-mobile-games-report-2021
- VentureBeathttps://venturebeat.com/2017/01/28/superdata-hearthstone-trumps-all-comers-in-card-market-that-will-hit-1-4-billion-in-2017/
- Game-ihttp://game-i.daa.jp/?2018%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E5%8F%8E%E7%9B%8A%E4%BA%88%E6%B8%AC
- Game-ihttp://game-i.daa.jp/?2019%E5%B9%B4%E3%82%A2%E3%83%97%E3%83%AA%E5%8F%8E%E7%9B%8A%E4%BA%88%E6%B8%AC
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3833234945/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl1796441345/weekend/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl2248181249/
- Judy Craymerhttps://www.judycraymer.com/press-centre/facts-and-figures.php
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Mamma-Mia#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Mamma-Mia#tab=video
- "Threshold Digital Research Labs Greenlights Its First Digitally Animated Feature Film, 'Foodfight!'"https://web.archive.org/web/20170108095511/http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/threshold-digital-research-labs-greenlights-its-first-digitally-animated-feature-film-foodfight-73557002.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Mortal-Kombat-Legends-Scorpions-Revenge
- Chicago Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20221201182506/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1995-06-30-9506300078-story.html
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Mortal-Kombat#tab=summary
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20000821005011/http://biz.yahoo.com/bw/000613/ny_bandai_.html
- Business Wirehttps://web.archive.org/web/20121016114032/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Gundam+Wing+Phenomenon+Grows+With+Addition+of+New+Licensees+as...-a062704291
- Gamesindustry.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240201213042/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/dataai-genshin-impact-hits-5bn-faster-than-any-other-mobile-title
- Gamesindustry.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20221019211911/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/the-sims-franchise-surpasses-usd5b-in-lifetime-sales
- BBChttps://web.archive.org/web/20181221143112/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44617684
- Nexonhttps://www.nexon.co.jp/en/ir/uploads/2f831ece492ffd9a588e42977c550f9d862f8633.pdf
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20210624204025/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-04-19-ca-419-story.html
- The New York Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20090328192824/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/10/20/business/a-blue-year-for-the-purple-and-green-dinosaur.html
- Quad-City Timeshttps://web.archive.org/web/20221203193739/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/114044858/quad-city-times/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Simpsons-Movie-The
- Game Developerhttps://web.archive.org/web/20210827140723/https://www.gamedeveloper.com/business/-i-the-simpsons-tapped-out-i-surpasses-100-million
- Ubisofthttps://staticctf.ubisoft.com/8aefmxkxpxwl/5kn4pUVx6Vtb1Hir4vpqvq/fe35b53a1514635b0257418d1409d9e1/Ubisoft_FY25_H1_Earnings_PR_vFinal.pdf
- Eurogamerhttps://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2022-02-18-assassins-creed-valhalla-passes-usd1bn-revenue
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Assassins-Creed#tab=summary
- Complexhttps://web.archive.org/web/20111116193835/http://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2011/11/paula-patton-complex-cover-story-2011
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Mission-Impossible#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Mission-Impossible#tab=video
- Varietyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20241105113221/https://www.thefreelibrary.com/NEW+PLAYGROUND+FOR+STUDIOS.-a054701191
- Los Angeles Timeshttps://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2010-feb-15-la-et-cruise15-2010feb15-story.html
- Anime News Networkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20150619092332/https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2015-06-18/beyblade-burst-gets-tv-anime-by-pokemon-olm-next-spring/.89422
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- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt6419640/?ref_=bo_se_r_1
- Forbeshttps://www.forbes.com/sites/maddieberg/2017/09/28/big-bang-bucks-inside-the-mega-money-of-cbs-hit-show/
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- New York Posthttps://nypost.com/2017/02/08/steve-bannon-is-still-making-money-from-seinfeld-reruns/
- Vanity Fairhttps://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/09/seinfeld-netflix-streaming-deal
- VG247http://www.vg247.com/2012/03/24/minecraft-hits-80m-in-sales-with-over-5m-paid-downloads/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Minecraft-Movie-A-(2025)#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Twilight#tab=summary
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- Engadgethttps://web.archive.org/web/20170214170600/https://www.engadget.com/2017/02/14/forza-is-a-billion-dollar-success-story-for-microsoft/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Gran-Turismo-Based-on-a-True-Story-(2023)#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Strawberry-Shortcake-The-Berryfest-Princess-Movie
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Smurfs-The#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Smurfs-The#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Smurfs-the-Legend-of-Smurfy-Hollow-The#tab=summary
- megabloks.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20050508171501/http://www.megabloks.com:80/en/corpo/pdf/Megabloks_CPK_press_release_5.03.05.pdf
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- The Hollywood Reporterhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220809031833/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/toy-story-iron-man-be-20529/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/G-I-Joe
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/G-I-Joe#tab=video
- The Wall Street Journalhttps://archive.today/20250521012759/https://www.wsj.com/business/media/disney-lilo-stitch-box-office-85df78bd
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3898508801/
- Box Office Mojohttps://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3104735233/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Lilo-and-Stitch#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Hunger-Games#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Hunger-Games#tab=video
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Terminator#tab=video
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Thor#tab=video&franchise_movies_overview=od5
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Iron-Man#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Iron-Man#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Guardians-of-the-Galaxy#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Guardians-of-the-Galaxy#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Inside-Out#tab=summary
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Godzilla#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Indiana-Jones#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Indiana-Jones#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Madagascar
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Madagascar#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Captain-America#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Captain-America#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Kung-Fu-Panda
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Kung-Fu-Panda#tab=video
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- Varietyhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160702173031/https://variety.com/2001/tv/news/friends-looks-to-top-seinfeld-s-earnings-1117797814/
- Billion-Dollar Kiss: The Kiss That Saved Dawson's Creek, and Other Adventures inTV Writinghttps://books.google.com/books?id=pqnbPn2wGuEC&pg=PT18
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- The Boston Globehttps://web.archive.org/web/20240816160441/https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe/153395855/
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Incredibles-The#tab=video
- China Plushttps://web.archive.org/web/20180120133424/http://chinaplus.cri.cn/news/business/12/20180116/78893.html
- Asahi Shimbunhttps://web.archive.org/web/20170922032530/http://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/AJ201709220008.html
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Planet-of-the-Apes#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Planet-of-the-Apes#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Jumanji#tab=summary
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- Chicago Tribunehttps://web.archive.org/web/20230626110844/https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune/85496445/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Little-Mermaid-The#tab=video
- broadwayworld.comhttps://www.broadwayworld.com/grosses/THE-LITTLE-MERMAID
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Conjuring-The#tab=summary
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- gamesindustry.bizhttps://web.archive.org/web/20220313162310/https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/sierra-entertainment-calls-on-the-ghostbusters-to-save-the-world-again
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Ghostbusters#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Finding-Nemo#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Finding-Nemo#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Rocky#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Rocky#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/MonsterVerse#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/MonsterVerse#tab=video
- yowieworld.comhttps://web.archive.org/web/20230209113442/https://yowieworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Yo-Kai_Watch_License_Agreement_-_26_May_2016.pdf
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Matrix#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Chronicles-of-Narnia#tab=summary
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movie/ET-The-Extra-Terrestrial
- United Press Internationalhttps://web.archive.org/web/20180905215004/https://www.upi.com/Archives/1988/10/24/VCR-a-boon-for-the-bargain-hunter-Electronics/4030899165864/
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- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Da-Vinci-Code#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Da-Vinci-Code#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Bourne
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Bourne#tab=video
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Men-in-Black#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Men-in-Black#tab=video
- Newsdayhttps://web.archive.org/web/20240707101541/https://www.newspapers.com/article/newsday-suffolk-edition/150825782/
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Resident-Evil#tab=summary
- The Numbershttps://www.the-numbers.com/movies/franchise/Resident-Evil#tab=video
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- Animation World Networkhttps://web.archive.org/web/20160729063510/https://www.awn.com/animationworld/merchandising-japan-its-big-rewards-and-competition
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- Eirenhttps://www.eiren.org/boxoffice_e/2009.html
- Eirenhttps://www.eiren.org/boxoffice_e/2012.html
- Eirenhttps://www.eiren.org/boxoffice_e/2021.html